Automatic assembling machine for assembling piston rod

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic assembling machine for assembling a piston rod. The automatic assembling machine comprises a rack, and a connecting seat locking device, a piston rod holding device, a sealing assembly detection device, a limiting gasket locking device, a nut locking detection device, a lifting device, a translation device and a central control unit which are arranged on the rack, and the central control unit can control all actions of the connecting seat locking device, the piston rod holding device, the sealing assembly detection device, the limiting gasket locking device, the nut locking detection device, the lifting device and the translation device. The piston rod assembling machine has the beneficial effects that high precision, high efficiency and high reliability of piston rod assembling are achieved through multi-device cooperative automatic design, and the problems that in traditional manual assembling, efficiency is low, precision is poor, and damage is likely to happen are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automation equipment, and in particular to an automatic assembly machine for assembling a piston rod. Background Art

[0002] The piston rod is a core transmission component in hydraulic and pneumatic systems. The assembly accuracy of the piston rod with connecting parts such as lifting rings, limit washers, and nuts directly affects the system's sealing, reliability, and service life. The traditional piston rod assembly process mainly relies on manual operation or single-function semi-automatic equipment, which has the following prominent problems: First, assembly efficiency is low and consistency is poor. When manually tightening the lifting rings, spacers, and nuts, the tightening torque relies on the operator's experience and judgment, which can easily lead to thread stripping due to overtightening, or loosening the connection due to overtightening. Furthermore, multiple processes require manual switching between workstations, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production.

[0003] Second, the inspection process is missing or unreliable. Traditional methods for checking key quality points, such as whether sealing assemblies are properly assembled and whether nuts are loose, rely on manual visual inspection or simple tools. This has a high probability of missed detections and misjudgments, and cannot guarantee product quality stability. Furthermore, the separation of inspection and assembly processes requires additional time and equipment resources.

[0004] Third, the equipment lacks adaptability and protection. Existing semi-automatic equipment is mostly designed for specific piston rod specifications. Switching to a different model requires re-adjustment or even replacement of the jig, resulting in poor flexibility. Furthermore, axial position errors between the piston rod and the jig during assembly can easily cause rigid collisions, leading to surface damage or equipment failure, increasing maintenance costs.

[0005] Fourth, the ability to coordinate multiple processes is weak. Traditional equipment typically only has a single locking function, and auxiliary movements such as lifting and translation require manual adjustment or reliance on additional equipment. This results in complex production line layouts, large floor space, and low efficiency in connecting various processes, making it difficult to achieve full process automation.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new type of tightening equipment that integrates multiple working positions, automatic control, high-precision detection and adaptive protection to improve the quality, efficiency and reliability of piston rod assembly. The present invention is a solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic assembly machine for piston rod assembly, which solves one or more of the above-mentioned prior art problems.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an automatic assembly machine for piston rod assembly, the innovation of which is that it includes a frame and a connecting seat locking device, a piston rod holding device, a sealing assembly detection device, a limit gasket locking device, a nut locking detection device, a lifting device, a translation device and a central control unit arranged on the frame; the connecting seat locking device is assembled at the bottom of the frame, the lifting device is arranged on the rear side wall of the inner chamber of the frame, the lifting device is provided with a lifting plate that can be controlled to slide up and down by the lifting device, the translation device is arranged on the lifting plate, and the translation device is provided with a The translation frame is controlled by the translation device, and the translation frame is equipped with a mounting frame, and the limit washer locking device and the nut locking detection device are arranged on the mounting frame; the frame is provided with a mounting platform at the rear side of the connecting seat locking device, the piston rod clamping device is arranged on the mounting platform, and the mounting platform is provided with a mounting bracket, and the sealing assembly detection device is arranged on the mounting bracket; the central control unit can control all actions of the connecting seat locking device, the piston rod clamping device, the sealing assembly detection device, the limit washer locking device, the nut locking detection device, the lifting device and the translation device; the central control unit adopts a PLC controller through The CAN bus communicates with the servo motors, sensors and cylinder solenoid valves of each device to realize the automatic coordination of all actions such as torque control of the connecting seat locking device, position closed-loop control of the lifting device, and signal collection of the sealing assembly detection device; the working process is: pre-assemble the lifting ring at the bottom of the piston rod, assemble the sealing assembly at the middle of the piston rod, place the lifting ring at the specified position of the connecting seat locking device, the piston rod clamping device clamps the piston rod, and the sealing assembly detection device detects whether the sealing assembly on the piston rod is in place. After confirming that it is in place, the connecting seat locking device rotates to complete the locking of the lifting ring and the piston rod; manually set the limit The gasket is put on the piston rod, and the lifting device and the translation device move together to make the limit gasket locking device located directly above the piston rod. The lifting device controls the limit gasket locking device to move down to the work station to lock the limit gasket and the piston rod. After completion, the lifting device moves upward, and the nut is manually pre-installed on the top of the piston rod. The translation device moves the nut locking detection device directly above the piston rod. The lifting device controls the nut locking detection device to move down to the work station to complete the locking and detection of the nut (lock first and then detect). Finally, the connecting seat locking device rotates in the opposite direction to reset, the piston rod clamping device releases the piston rod, and the assembled piston rod is manually removed to enter the next cycle.

[0009] In some embodiments, the connector locking device includes: The first base is provided with a first partition a and a first partition b, which divide the first base into a first lower layer, a first middle layer and a first upper layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the first partition a is provided with a first bearing seat a and a first bearing seat b, and the first partition b is provided with a first bearing seat c located directly above the first bearing seat a; the first transmission assembly includes a first torque sensor, the upper part of which is assembled with the first bearing seat c and the top end extends upward into the first upper layer, the lower part is assembled with the first bearing seat a and the bottom end extends downward into the first lower layer, and the bottom end is provided with a first conversion gear a; the first power assembly includes a first reducer assembled on the first bearing seat b and located in the first middle layer, and its output The shaft passes downward into the first lower layer, the input shaft connects to the first servo motor, and the end of the output shaft is provided with a first conversion gear b located in the first lower layer; the first conversion gear a and the first conversion gear b are engaged with each other; the first up and down floating assembly is arranged on the top of the first torque sensor and is located in the first upper layer, including a coaxially arranged first fixed seat and a first floating seat, the first fixed seat is provided with a first spring groove, and the groove is provided with a first spring with one end fixed to the bottom of the groove and the other end fixedly connected to the top of the first floating seat; the lifting ring fixing fixture is arranged on the first floating seat, including a first support and a first lifting ring column, and the first support is provided with at least one first mounting groove for assembling the first lifting ring column.

[0010] In some embodiments, the piston rod gripping device comprises: A second bottom plate, a second hinge axis a being provided on the front edge thereof; The second clamping clamp includes a second clamping arm a and a second clamping arm b which are assembled on the second hinge axis a and can be opened and closed around it; a second slot a is provided on the inner side of the second clamping arm a, and a second clamping sleeve a is provided in the slot; a second slot b is provided on the inner side of the second clamping arm b, and a second clamping sleeve b is provided in the slot; a second reset assembly is arranged on the second base plate and located on the outer side of the second clamping arm a, including a second reset block and a second reset spring, one end of the second reset spring is fixed to the second reset block and the other end is fixed to the outer edge of the second clamping arm a; a second limiting assembly is arranged on the second base plate and located on the rear side of the second reset assembly, including a second limiting cylinder a and a second limiting block at its output end, the front edge of the second limiting block abuts against the rear side of the second clamping arm a, and its contact corner is arc-shaped; a second clamping power assembly is arranged on the second base plate and located on the rear side of the second limiting assembly, including a second cylinder fixing seat and a second clamping oil cylinder assembled thereon, the output end of the second clamping oil cylinder is hinged to the end of the second clamping arm b, and the arm body of the second clamping arm b and the output end of the second clamping oil cylinder form a connecting rod structure.

[0011] In some embodiments, the sealing assembly detection device includes at least two detection components, the detection component including a third assembly column a and a third detector a assembled on the third assembly column a; the third detector a includes a third detection head a and a third detection seat a for supporting the third detection head a, the third detection seat a is mounted on the third assembly column a and can be adjusted in height and angle at will; the third detection seat a is provided with a third assembly hole a for mounting the third assembly column a, and a third support plate a is provided at the front edge for supporting the third detection head a.

[0012] In some embodiments, the lifting device comprises: a fourth supporting frame, on which a fourth mounting plate is provided; a fourth motor seat, disposed on the top of the fourth mounting plate and equipped with a fourth lifting motor; The fourth bearing seat a is arranged on the fourth mounting plate and is located directly below the fourth motor seat, and is equipped with the fourth bearing a; the fourth bearing seat b is arranged on the fourth mounting plate and is located directly below the fourth bearing seat a, and is equipped with the fourth bearing b; the fourth screw rod is assembled with the fourth bearing a at one end and the fourth bearing b at the other end, and the top is connected to the output end of the fourth lifting motor; the fourth thread sleeve is assembled on the fourth screw rod; the fourth guide rail is arranged on the side of the fourth screw rod and is arranged parallel to it, and is provided with a fourth guide block that can slide along the rail; the back of the lifting plate is fixedly connected to the fourth thread sleeve and the fourth guide block.

[0013] In some embodiments, the translation device comprises: a fifth translation rail, on which a fifth slider is mounted, and the translation frame is mounted on the fifth slider; The fifth auxiliary rail is arranged on the upper edge of the lifting plate and above the fifth translation rail. A fifth pushed block that can slide along the rail is provided on it. The front edge of the fifth pushed block is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the translation frame; the fifth translation push cylinder a and the fifth translation push cylinder b are relatively arranged on both sides of the fifth auxiliary rail, and their output ends can both press against the fifth pushed block to move it; the limit switches arranged on both sides of the lifting plate are used to limit the left and right translation of the translation frame.

[0014] In some embodiments, the limiting spacer locking device includes: a sixth power assembly, comprising a sixth servo motor and a sixth reducer at its output end; The sixth transmission assembly is docked with the output end of the sixth reducer, including a sixth torque sensor and a sixth assembly seat thereon; the sixth tightening fixture head is assembled on the sixth assembly seat; the sixth up and down floating assembly is arranged between the sixth assembly seat and the sixth tightening fixture head, including a coaxially arranged sixth fixed seat and a sixth floating seat, the sixth fixed seat is provided with a sixth spring groove, and a sixth spring is provided in the groove with one end fixed to the bottom of the groove and the other end fixedly connected to the top of the sixth floating seat.

[0015] In some embodiments, the nut locking detection device includes a nut locking assembly and a nut detection assembly; the nut locking assembly includes a seventh servo motor, a seventh reducer at its output end, a seventh torque sensor at the output end of the seventh reducer, a seventh nut tightening head at the output end of the seventh torque sensor, and a seventh up and down floating assembly arranged between the seventh torque sensor and the seventh nut tightening head; the seventh up and down floating assembly includes a coaxially arranged seventh fixed seat and a seventh floating seat, the seventh fixed seat is provided with a seventh spring groove, and the groove is provided with a seventh spring with one end fixed to the bottom of the groove and the other end fixedly connected to the top of the seventh floating seat; the nut detection assembly includes an eighth relaxation detection servo motor, an eighth reducer at its output end, and an eighth looseness detection head at the output end of the eighth reducer; the eighth looseness detection head includes an eighth base and an eighth detection clamp assembled thereon.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention realizes high precision, high efficiency and high reliability of piston rod assembly through the automated design of multi-device collaboration, and effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, poor precision and easy damage in traditional manual assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work, among which: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic assembly machine for assembling piston rods according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is an axial view of the connecting seat locking device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a front view of the connecting seat locking device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a back view of the connecting seat locking device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the connecting seat locking device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is an axial view of the piston rod clamping device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a top view of the piston rod clamping device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8It is a structural schematic diagram of the sealing assembly detection device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 It is a front view of the sealing assembly detection device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the limiting gasket locking device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 It is a front view of the limiting gasket locking device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the nut locking detection device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 13 It is a front view of the nut locking detection device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 15 It is a front view of the lifting device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the translation device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 17 It is a front view of the translation device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention includes an automatic assembly machine for piston rod assembly. Its core feature is the high-precision assembly of the piston rod with the lifting ring, stop washer, and nut through a multi-station collaborative automation device, with integrated detection functions to ensure that all components are properly assembled. The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific structures.

[0036] Frame 001 is the equipment's foundational support structure. Its bottom is equipped with a connecting seat locking device 100, which is used to secure and lock the lifting ring at the bottom of the piston rod. A lifting device 600 is installed on the rear sidewall of the inner chamber of frame 001. This device drives the lifting plate 003 up and down via a screw drive. A translation device 700 is installed on lifting plate 003. This device 700 drives the translation frame 004 left and right via dual push cylinders. Mounting frame 005 on translation frame 004 integrates a limited spacer locking device 400 and a nut locking detection device 500, which can be adjusted with the lifting plate 003 and translation frame 004 to adapt to the needs of different workstations. A mounting platform is installed on frame 001, behind the connecting seat locking device 100. A piston rod clamping device 200 (for clamping the piston rod body) and a mounting bracket are fixed to the platform. The bracket also houses a sealing assembly detection device 300, which is used to detect the assembly status of the sealing assembly in the middle of the piston rod.

[0037] like Figure 2-Figure 5 As shown, the connecting seat locking device 100 is divided into three layers: upper, middle and lower layers by the first base 110, the first partition a111 and the first partition b112. The transmission assembly is arranged on the bottom layer, the power assembly is arranged on the middle layer, and the floating assembly and the lifting ring fixing fixture are arranged on the top layer.

[0038] The first bearing seat a122 and the first bearing seat b123 are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction on the first partition a111, with their axes parallel and a spacing of 80 mm; the first bearing seat a122 is located on the left side of the first partition a111, and the first bearing seat b123 is located on the right side, which are used to assemble the lower bearing of the first torque sensor 121 and the output shaft bearing of the first reducer 152 respectively; the first conversion gear a125 and the first conversion gear b126 are both spur gears with a module of 2.5, a gear ratio of 1:1.2, and a meshing center distance of 60 mm, ensuring that the power of the first servo motor 151 is transmitted to the first torque sensor 121 through gear transmission without jamming.

[0039] Specifically: the first transmission assembly includes a first torque sensor 121, the upper end of which is fixed to the top layer through the first bearing seat c124, and the lower end is fixed to the bottom layer through the first bearing seat a122, and the first conversion gear a125 extends from the bottom; the first power assembly includes a first servo motor 151 and a first reducer 152, the output shaft of the first reducer 152 extends to the bottom layer and is connected to the first conversion gear b126, meshing with the first conversion gear a125 to transmit the motor power to the first torque sensor 121; the first bearing seat b123 is a deep groove ball bearing seat fixed on the first partition a111, and its axis is parallel to the first bearing seat a122, and is used to assemble the output shaft bearing of the first reducer 152; the first up and down floating assembly is composed of a first fixed seat 131, a first floating seat 132 and a first spring 134, and the first spring 134 can buffer the axial impact force when the lifting ring and the piston rod are locked. , to avoid rigid collision; the first spring groove 133 is an annular groove opened at the top of the first fixing seat 131, the groove depth is 15mm, the inner diameter matches the first spring 134, and is used to limit the axial displacement of the first spring 134; the first up and down floating assembly is located in the first upper layer, and its bottom is connected to the top of the first torque sensor 121 by a key, and the top is bolted to the first support 141 of the lifting ring fixing fixture; the lifting ring fixing fixture fixes the lifting ring through the first support 141 and the first lifting ring plug 143. The first lifting ring plug 143 can be replaced according to the specifications of the lifting ring and has strong adaptability; the first installation groove 142 is 3 M12 threaded holes evenly distributed along the circumference on the first support 141, with a hole depth of 20mm, which is used for detachable installation of first lifting ring plugs 143 of different specifications; the lifting ring fixing fixture is located at the top center of the connecting seat locking device 100 as a whole, and its axis coincides with the axis of the first torque sensor 121.

[0040] The first servo motor 151 drives the first torque sensor 121 to rotate through gear transmission, driving the threaded connection between the lifting ring and the piston rod; the first torque sensor 121 monitors the locking torque in real time to ensure that it stops after reaching the set value to avoid overtightening or loosening; the first spring 134 of the floating assembly can compensate for the axial position error between the lifting ring and the piston rod, thereby improving assembly accuracy.

[0041] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the piston rod clamping device 200 is based on the second base plate 210, and the second clamping arm a221 and the second clamping arm b222 that can be opened and closed are installed through the second hinge axis a211, and the second clamping sleeve a232 and the second clamping sleeve b242 are installed on the inner side of the clamping arm through the second slot a231 and the second slot b241 respectively (the clamping sleeve is made of flexible material to avoid clamping the surface of the piston rod); the second reset assembly is composed of a second reset block 251 and a second reset spring 252 to ensure that the clamping arm automatically resets when it is released; the second limiting assembly includes a second limiting cylinder a261 and a second limiting block 262. The arc design of the second limiting block 262 can avoid the clamping arm from getting stuck when it is closed; the second clamping power assembly drives the second clamping arm b222 to rotate around the hinge axis through the second clamping oil cylinder 272, and closes and clamps the piston rod with the second clamping arm a221; the second limiting cylinder a261 is fixed to the second base plate by bolts At the rear right side of 210, its output shaft extends forward in the horizontal direction, and the end is connected to the second limit block 262; when the second clamping arm a221 is closed, the arc corner of the second limit block 262 contacts the raised part on the rear side of the second clamping arm a221, limiting excessive rotation of the clamping arm. The arc radius is 15mm, ensuring the closing position accuracy of ±0.5mm; the second clamping sleeve a232 is made of polyurethane material and is embedded in the second slot a231 through interference fit. The slot depth of the second slot a231 is 20mm. The inner side of the clamping sleeve is processed with an arc groove (radius R30mm) that matches the outer circle of the piston rod, and is fixed to the side of the second clamping arm a221 by a countersunk screw (M6×12) to prevent it from falling off; the second cylinder fixing seat 271 is an L-shaped steel plate bracket welded to the second base plate 210, with a thickness of 10mm, and a waist-shaped hole is provided on it for adjusting the installation position of the second clamping cylinder 272.

[0042] The second clamping cylinder 272 pushes the second clamping arm b222 to close, and applies uniform pressure to the piston rod through the second clamping sleeve a232 and the second clamping sleeve b242 to ensure that it is stable and does not shift during the locking process; the design of the second return spring 252 and the second limit block 262 improves the reliability and repeatability of the device.

[0043] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the sealing assembly inspection device 300 includes at least two inspection assemblies (two are used in this embodiment as an example). Each inspection assembly consists of a third assembly column a310, a third inspection seat a320, and a third inspection head a330. The third inspection seat a320 is mounted on the third assembly column a310 through a third assembly hole a321. It can slide up and down along the column and rotate to adjust its angle to accommodate sealing assemblies of different heights and positions. The third inspection head a330 (optionally a photoelectric sensor or a contact sensor) is fixed to the front edge of the third inspection seat a320 via a third support plate a and is used to detect whether the sealing assembly is properly installed. The two inspection assemblies of the sealing assembly inspection device 300 are symmetrically distributed along the piston rod axis, located above and below the sealing assembly (with a spacing of 120 mm). The third assembly column a310 of each inspection assembly is vertically fixed to the horizontal beam of the mounting bracket. The third inspection head a330 (using a diffuse reflection photoelectric sensor) is oriented toward the center axis of the piston rod. The inspection distance is adjustable from 50 to 150 mm, ensuring coverage of sealing assemblies of varying diameters.

[0044] Multiple detection heads conduct simultaneous detection to avoid misjudgment of a single detection point; the adjustable design of the third detection seat a320 makes it adaptable to piston rods of different specifications and has strong versatility; the detection signal is fed back to the central control unit in real time. If it is not in place, the equipment will automatically alarm and shut down to prevent defective products from flowing into the next process.

[0045] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the lifting device 600 is fixed to the rear side wall of the frame 001 through the fourth support frame 610, and the fourth motor seat 620 (installing the fourth lifting motor 621), the fourth bearing seat a630 (assembling the fourth bearing a631) and the fourth bearing seat b640 (assembling the fourth bearing b641) are set on the fourth mounting plate 611; the two ends of the fourth screw rod 650 are respectively assembled with the fourth bearing a631 and the fourth bearing b641, and the top is connected to the output end of the fourth lifting motor 621. The fourth screw rod 650 is fitted with a fourth wire sleeve 651; the fourth guide rail 660 is parallel to the fourth screw rod 650. The fourth guide block 661 is provided on which the fourth guide rail 660 is slidably connected; two fourth guide rails 660 are provided, which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the fourth screw rod 650, and the three are parallel to each other and have equal spacing (the center of the fourth screw rod 650 is 100 mm away from the center of the guide rails on both sides); two fourth guide blocks 661 are assembled on each guide rail, and are rigidly connected to the back of the lifting plate 003 by bolts to ensure that the verticality error of the lifting plate 003 when moving up and down is ≤0.1 mm / m; the fourth wire sleeve 651 and the fourth guide block 661 are fixed on the back of the lifting plate 003 at the same time, and move up and down with the rotation of the fourth screw rod 650.

[0046] The screw-sleeve transmission structure has high precision and strong load capacity. The fourth guide rail 660 and the fourth guide block 661 are designed to avoid rotation of the lifting plate 003 and ensure vertical movement. The fourth lifting motor 621 can accurately control the lifting speed and displacement, meeting the height requirements of different stations.

[0047] As shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17 , the fifth translation rail 710 of the translation device 700 is fixed on the lifting plate 003, and the translation frame 004 is connected with the fifth translation rail 710 through the fifth sliding block 711. The fifth auxiliary rail 721 is arranged parallel above the fifth translation rail 710, and the fifth pushed block 722 is connected with the fifth auxiliary rail 721. The fifth pushed block 722 is fixed on the upper edge of the translation frame 004. The fifth translation push cylinder a 731 and the fifth translation push cylinder b 732 are arranged opposite to each other on the two sides of the fifth auxiliary rail 721, and drive the fifth pushed block 722 to move left and right through the piston rod. The limit switch 740 is arranged on the two sides of the lifting plate 003 to limit the movement range of the translation frame 004. The fifth translation push cylinder a 731 and the fifth translation push cylinder b 732 are double-acting cylinders with a cylinder diameter of 50 mm and a stroke of 200 mm. When the translation frame 004 needs to move left, the left cylinder retracts and the right cylinder extends to jointly push the fifth pushed block 722. When moving right, the two cylinders work together to realize stepless speed regulation of the translation frame 004, and the positioning accuracy is ±0.2 mm.

[0048] The fifth translation push cylinder a 731 and the fifth translation push cylinder b 732 work together to quickly push the translation frame 004 to move and accurately position. The limit switch 740 avoids overtravel of translation and protects the equipment. The sliding block-guide rail structure has small friction and long service life, ensuring the stability of the translation movement.

[0049] As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the limit gasket locking device 400 is integrated on the mounting frame 005. The sixth power assembly is composed of a sixth servo motor 410 and a sixth speed reducer 411, which provides rotary power. The sixth transmission assembly includes a sixth torsion sensor 420 and a sixth assembly seat 421. The sixth torsion sensor 420 monitors the locking torque. The sixth tightening jig head 430 is connected with the sixth assembly seat 421 through the sixth up-down floating assembly (sixth fixed seat 441, sixth floating seat 442, and sixth spring 443). The sixth spring 443 can buffer the impact force when the jig head is pressed down. The sixth spring 443 is a cylindrical helical compression spring with a free length of 50 mm, a compression stroke of 15 mm, and an elastic coefficient of 3 N / mm. When the sixth tightening jig head 430 contacts the limit gasket, the sixth floating seat 442 compresses the spring to go up, buffers the impact force (maximum buffer force 500 N), and avoids damaging the surface of the gasket.

[0050] The sixth servo motor 410 drives the sixth tightening fixture head 430 to rotate, locking the limit gasket and the piston rod thread; the sixth torque sensor 420 ensures that the torque stops after reaching the standard to avoid overtightening; the sixth spring 443 of the floating assembly can compensate for the axial position error between the limit gasket and the piston rod to prevent the gasket from being crushed.

[0051] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the nut locking detection device 500 includes a nut locking component and a nut detection component: Nut locking assembly: The seventh servo motor 510 drives the seventh torque sensor 512 through the seventh reducer 511. The output end of the seventh torque sensor 512 is connected to the seventh nut tightening head. The seventh vertical floating assembly (seventh fixed seat 531, seventh floating seat 532, seventh spring 533) is arranged between the seventh torque sensor 512 and the seventh nut tightening head to buffer the downward pressure impact. Nut detection assembly: The eighth looseness detection servo motor 520 drives the eighth tightness detection head through the eighth reducer 521. The eighth tightness detection head consists of an eighth base 541 and an eighth detection clamp 542 (the eighth detection clamp 542 can clamp the nut and rotate it slightly, and judge whether it is loose by the change in torque); the eighth detection clamp 542 is a pneumatic three-jaw chuck structure, and the inner side of the claw is processed with a groove matching the hexagonal surface of the nut, and the opening and closing direction is radial; during detection, the eighth detection clamp 542 first clamps the nut (clamping force 300±50N), and then the eighth looseness detection servo motor 520 drives the eighth detection clamp 542 to rotate 3° clockwise (torque threshold 0.5-1N·m). If the rotation angle exceeds 1°, it is judged that the nut is loose and an alarm is triggered.

[0052] After the locking assembly completes tightening the nut according to the set torque, the detection assembly dynamically detects the nut status through the eighth detection clamp 542 to ensure that there is no looseness; the seventh spring 533 of the floating assembly protects the nut surface to avoid crushing; the dual-component integrated design saves space and improves efficiency.

[0053] The overall workflow of this technical solution: Loading: Manually place the piston rod of the pre-assembled lifting ring (bottom) and sealing assembly (middle) on the lifting ring fixing fixture of the connecting seat locking device 100; Holding: The second holding cylinder 272 of the piston rod holding device 200 drives the clamping arm to close, holding the piston rod through the second holding sleeve a232 and the second holding sleeve b242; Detecting the sealing assembly: The third detection head a330 of the sealing assembly detection device 300 synchronously detects whether the sealing assembly is in place, and the signal is fed back to the central control unit. After confirmation, the next step is entered; Locking the lifting ring: The first servo motor 151 of the connecting seat locking device 100 is started, driving the first torque sensor 121 to rotate through the gear transmission, thereby locking the lifting ring and the piston rod (the torque is monitored by the first torque sensor 121); Locking the limit washer: The lifting device 600 drives the lifting plate 003 downward, and the translation device 700 drives the translation frame 004 to move, so that the limit washer locking device 400 is aligned with the top of the piston rod; the lifting plate 003 descends again, and after the sixth tightening fixture head 430 contacts the limit washer, the sixth servo motor 410 is started and completes the locking according to the set torque (the floating component cushions the impact); Tighten and inspect the nut: After the nut is manually pre-installed on the top of the piston rod, the translation device 700 drives the nut locking and inspection device 500 to align with the workstation. The lifting device 600 drives the locking assembly downward, and the seventh servo motor 510 is activated to complete the nut tightening (torque is monitored by the seventh torque sensor 512). The eighth inspection gripper 542 of the inspection assembly then clamps the nut and rotates it slightly to determine whether it is loose. Unloading: After passing the inspection, the connecting seat locking device 100 rotates in the opposite direction to reset, the piston rod clamping device 200 releases the clamping arm, and the assembled piston rod is manually removed, and the equipment enters the next cycle.

[0054] The advantages of this technical solution are: High precision: Each locking device is integrated with a torque sensor to monitor and control the locking torque in real time to avoid overtightening or loosening; High reliability: multiple inspections such as sealing assembly inspection and nut loosening inspection ensure assembly quality; High adaptability: the clamping sleeve, lifting ring column, detection seat and other components can be quickly replaced to adapt to piston rods of different specifications; High efficiency: The lifting and translation devices work together to shorten the switching time of workstations, and the automated process reduces manual intervention; Low damage: Each floating component uses springs to buffer axial impacts, avoiding component damage caused by rigid collisions.

[0055] In summary, the present invention achieves high precision, high efficiency and high reliability in piston rod assembly through the automated design of multi-device collaboration, effectively solving the problems of low efficiency, poor precision and easy damage in traditional manual assembly.

[0056] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic assembly machine for piston rod assembly, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (001) and a connecting seat locking device (100), a piston rod holding device (200), a sealing assembly detection device (300), a limit washer locking device (400), a nut locking detection device (500), a lifting device (600), a translation device (700) and a central control unit arranged thereon; The connecting seat locking device (100) is installed at the bottom of the frame (001), the lifting device (600) is provided on the rear side wall of the inner chamber of the frame (001) and is connected to the lifting plate (003), the translation device (700) is provided on the lifting plate (003) and is connected to the translation frame (004), and the mounting frame (005) on the translation frame (004) is provided with a limit gasket locking device (400) and a nut locking detection device (500); a mounting platform is provided on the frame (001) at the rear side of the connecting seat locking device (100), a piston rod clamping device (200) and a mounting bracket are provided on the mounting platform, and a sealing assembly detection device (300) is provided on the mounting bracket; and a central control unit controls all actions of each device.

2. The automatic assembly machine for piston rod assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting seat locking device (100) comprises: a first base (110), wherein the first base (110) is provided with a first partition a (111) and a first partition b (112), which divide the first base (110) into a first lower layer, a first middle layer and a first upper layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top; a first bearing seat a (122) and a first bearing seat b (123) are provided on the first partition a (111), and the first partition b (112) is provided with a first bearing seat c (124) located directly above the first bearing seat a (122); a first transmission assembly, comprising a first torque sensor (121), the upper part of which is assembled with the first bearing seat c (124) and the top end of which extends upward into the first upper layer, and the lower part of which is assembled with the first bearing seat a (122) and the bottom end of which extends downward into the first lower layer, and the bottom end of which is provided with a first conversion gear a (125); a first power assembly, comprising a first reducer assembled on the first bearing seat b (123) and located in the first middle layer (152), its output shaft passes downward into the first lower layer, the input shaft is connected to the first servo motor (151), and the end of the output shaft is provided with a first conversion gear b (126) located in the first lower layer; the first conversion gear a (125) and the first conversion gear b (126) are meshed with each other; a first up-down floating assembly is arranged on the top of the first torque sensor (121) and is located in the first upper layer, including a first fixed seat (131) and a first floating seat (132) arranged coaxially, the first fixed seat (131) is provided with a first spring groove (133), and a first spring (134) is provided in the groove, one end of which is fixed to the bottom of the groove and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the first floating seat (132); a lifting ring fixing fixture is arranged on the first floating seat (132), including a first support (141) and a first lifting ring column (143), and the first support (141) is provided with at least one first mounting groove (142) for assembling the first lifting ring column (143).

3. The automatic assembly machine for piston rod assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston rod clamping device (200) comprises: a second base plate (210), the front edge of which is provided with a second hinge shaft a (211); a second clamping clamp, comprising a second clamping arm a (221) and a second clamping arm b (222) assembled on the second hinge shaft a (211) and capable of opening and closing around the second clamping arm a (221); a second slot a (231) is provided on the inner side of the second clamping arm a (221), and a second clamping sleeve a (232) is provided in the slot; a second slot b (241) is provided on the inner side of the second clamping arm b (222), and a second clamping sleeve b (242) is provided in the slot; a second reset assembly is provided on the second base plate (210) and located on the outer side of the second clamping arm a (221), comprising a second reset block (251) and a second reset spring (252), one end of the second reset spring (252) is connected to the second reset block (251). The first end of the second clamping arm a (221) is fixed with a positioning block (251), and the other end is fixed with the outer edge of the second clamping arm a (221); the second limiting assembly is arranged on the second base plate (210) and is located at the rear side of the second reset assembly, comprising a second limiting cylinder a (261) and a second limiting block (262) at its output end, the front edge of the second limiting block (262) abuts against the rear side of the second clamping arm a (221), and its contact corner is in an arc shape; the second clamping power assembly is arranged on the second base plate (210) and is located at the rear side of the second limiting assembly, comprising a second cylinder fixing seat (271) and a second clamping cylinder (272) assembled thereon, the output end of the second clamping cylinder (272) is hinged to the end of the second clamping arm b (222), and the arm body of the second clamping arm b (222) and the output end of the second clamping cylinder (272) form a connecting rod structure.

4. The automatic assembly machine for piston rod assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly detection device (300) includes at least two detection components, the detection components including a third assembly column a (310) and a third detector a assembled on the third assembly column a (310); the third detector a including a third detection head a (330) and a third detection seat a (320) for supporting the third detection head a (330); the third detection seat a (320) is mounted on the third assembly column a (310) and can be adjusted in height and angle at will; the third detection seat a (320) is provided with a third assembly hole a (321) for mounting the third assembly column a (310), and a third support plate a is provided at the front edge for supporting the third detection head a (330).

5. The automatic assembly machine for piston rod assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device (600) includes: a fourth support frame (610), on which a fourth mounting plate (611) is provided; a fourth motor seat (620), which is arranged on the top of the fourth mounting plate (611) and is equipped with a fourth lifting motor (621); a fourth bearing seat a (630), which is arranged on the fourth mounting plate (611) and is located directly below the fourth motor seat (620) and is equipped with a fourth bearing a (631); a fourth bearing seat b (640), which is arranged on the fourth mounting plate (611) and is located directly below the fourth bearing seat a (630) and is equipped with a fourth bearing A fourth bearing b (641); a fourth screw rod (650), one end of which is assembled with the fourth bearing a (631) and the other end is assembled with the fourth bearing b (641), and the top is connected to the output end of the fourth lifting motor (621); a fourth threaded sleeve (651), which is assembled on the fourth screw rod (650); a fourth guide rail (660), which is arranged on the side of the fourth screw rod (650) and is arranged parallel to the fourth screw rod (650), and is provided with a fourth guide block (661) that can slide along the rail; the back of the lifting plate (003) is fixedly connected to the fourth threaded sleeve (651) and the fourth guide block (661).

6. The automatic assembly machine for piston rod assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The translation device (700) comprises: a fifth translation rail (710) on which a fifth slider (711) is mounted, and the translation frame (004) is mounted on the fifth slider (711); a fifth auxiliary rail (721) arranged on the upper edge of the lifting plate (003) and located above the fifth translation rail (710), and provided with a fifth push block (722) that can slide along the rail, the front edge of the fifth push block (722) being fixedly connected to the upper edge of the translation frame (004); a fifth translation push cylinder a (731) and a fifth translation push cylinder b (732) arranged on both sides of the fifth auxiliary rail (721), the output ends of which both press against the fifth push block (722) to move it; The limit switches (740) provided on both sides of the lifting plate (003) are used to limit the left and right translation of the translation frame (004).

7. The automatic assembly machine for piston rod assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limit gasket locking device (400) comprises: a sixth power assembly, comprising a sixth servo motor (410) and a sixth reducer (411) at its output end; a sixth transmission assembly, docked with the output end of the sixth reducer (411), comprising a sixth torque sensor (420) and a sixth assembly seat (421) thereon; a sixth tightening fixture head (430), assembled on the sixth assembly seat (421); a sixth up and down floating assembly, arranged between the sixth assembly seat (421) and the sixth tightening fixture head (430), comprising a coaxially arranged sixth fixed seat (441) and a sixth floating seat (442), wherein the sixth fixed seat (441) is provided with a sixth spring groove, wherein a sixth spring (443) is provided in the groove, one end of which is fixed to the bottom of the groove and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the top of the sixth floating seat (442).

8. The automatic assembly machine for piston rod assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nut locking detection device (500) includes a nut locking assembly and a nut detection assembly; the nut locking assembly includes a seventh servo motor (510), a seventh reducer (511) at the output end thereof, a seventh torque sensor (512) at the output end of the seventh reducer (511), a seventh nut tightening head at the output end of the seventh torque sensor (512), and a seventh up-down floating assembly arranged between the seventh torque sensor (512) and the seventh nut tightening head; the seventh up-down floating assembly includes a coaxially arranged seventh fixed seat (531) and a seventh floating seat (532), the seventh fixed seat (531) is provided with a seventh spring groove, and a seventh spring (533) is provided in the groove, one end of which is fixed to the bottom of the groove and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the seventh floating seat (532); The nut detection assembly comprises an eighth looseness detection servo motor (520), an eighth reducer (521) at its output end, and an eighth tightness detection head at the output end of the eighth reducer (521); the eighth tightness detection head comprises an eighth base (541) and an eighth detection gripper (542) assembled thereon.

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