Full-automatic flexible deburring workstation and method for forged steel piston

Abstract

The full-automatic flexible deburring workstation comprises a feeding channel used for feeding the pistons, a linear module is arranged on the feeding channel, a feeding position is arranged at the end of the linear module, a first polishing station is arranged on the inner side of the feeding channel, a first floating electric spindle is arranged on the first polishing station, and a second floating electric spindle is arranged on the first floating electric spindle. A first grinding robot is arranged on the outer side of the first grinding station, a first piston clamping device is installed at the tail end of the first grinding robot, a second grinding station is arranged on the inner side of the first grinding station, a floating carving and grinding machine and a second floating electric spindle are arranged on the second grinding station, and a second grinding robot is arranged on the outer side of the second grinding station. And a second piston holder is mounted at the tail end of the second grinding robot. The piston burr grinding device has the beneficial effects that the labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced, the grinding consistency and the removal rate of piston burrs can be guaranteed, meanwhile, the production efficiency is improved, and manpower and material resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of precise grinding of engine pistons, and in particular relates to a fully automatic flexible deburring workstation and method for forged steel pistons. Background Art

[0002] Sharp edges and burrs on engine pistons, especially forged steel pistons, significantly impact the overall engine performance. Currently, manual grinding is the primary method for deburring forged steel pistons. Due to the high strength and toughness of steel burrs, manual grinding is labor-intensive and carries a significant risk of scratching. Some automated grinding equipment is specialized and limited in flexibility, making it difficult to adapt to small-batch, high-variety production. Furthermore, the limited number of deburred areas requires manual intervention, significantly reducing efficiency. Deburring machines are generally expensive and offer limited savings in labor and resources. While there are many automated machines for rough grinding of steel workpieces (with millimeter-level accuracy), there are only a handful of fully automated systems for precision grinding of complex contours (with 0.1mm accuracy). In particular, there are currently no proven applications for fully automated, highly flexible deburring of high-precision forged steel pistons. With the increasing use of forged steel pistons, coupled with the high strength and toughness of steel burrs, the labor-intensive nature of manual grinding, and the significant risk of scratching, automated deburring of forged steel pistons has become an industry trend. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a fully automatic flexible deburring workstation and method for a forged steel piston.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A fully automatic flexible deburring workstation for forged steel pistons includes a feeding channel for loading pistons, and is characterized in that: a linear module is provided on the feeding channel, a loading position is provided at the end of the linear module, a first grinding station is provided on the inner side of the feeding channel, a first floating electric spindle is provided on the first grinding station, a first grinding robot is provided on the outer side of the first grinding station, a first piston clamp is installed at the end of the first grinding robot, a second grinding station is provided on the inner side of the first grinding station, a floating grinder and a second floating electric spindle are provided on the second grinding station, a second grinding robot is provided on the outer side of the second grinding station, and a second piston clamp is installed at the end of the second grinding robot.

[0005] A floating grinding head installed on the first grinding station is provided on the outer side of the first floating electric spindle.

[0006] A third floating electric spindle installed on the first grinding station is provided inside the first floating electric spindle.

[0007] The second precision positioning station is provided outside the second polishing station.

[0008] The second precision positioning station is provided outside the second polishing station.

[0009] The water removal air knife is provided inside the feeding station.

[0010] The rotating pressure disc is mounted on the feeding channel.

[0011] The first polishing station is provided with an electric spindle cooling water tank.

[0012] The first polishing robot and the second polishing robot are connected with the robot control cabinet.

[0013] The second polishing station is provided with an electric control cabinet.

[0014] A full-automatic flexible deburring method for forged steel pistons comprises the following steps: (1) a floating polishing head is used to polish the inner hole of the piston by using a pen-shaped steel wire brush or a spherical rotary file to remove metal burrs; (2) a first floating electric spindle is used to finely polish the outer side of the piston pin hole, the inner side of the piston pin hole, the piston stopper part and the edges of the piston pin seat on both sides by using a silicon carbide abrasive brush to completely remove burrs; (3) a third floating electric spindle is used to polish the intersection arc of the piston stopper edge and the inner edge of the piston pin seat by using a diamond abrasive wheel or a hard alloy rotary file to completely remove burrs; (4) a second floating electric spindle is used to polish the top surface valve, the ring groove blind hole and the edge of the valve pit by using a silicon carbide abrasive brush or a hard alloy rotary file to completely remove burrs; (5) a floating marking and grinding machine is used to polish the outer hole of the piston by using a pen-shaped steel wire brush to remove the outer edge burrs.

[0015] Preferably, in step (1), after the inner hole of the piston is polished, the floating polishing head is used to coarsely polish the piston stopper part and the edges of the piston pin seat on both sides by using a pen-shaped steel wire brush.

[0016] The piston can be automatically fed, burrs at the piston stopper part, the edges of the piston pin seat, the inner and outer sides of the piston pin hole and the edge of the valve pit are removed, the second precision positioning is performed relying on the piston pin hole, and the automatic feeding is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The application will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0018] Attachment Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Attachment Figure 2 For attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the top view structure; Attachment Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the piston of the present invention; Attachment Figure 4 For attachment Figure 3 It is a side view structural diagram; In the figure, 1 piston, 2 feeding channel, 3 linear module, 4 feeding position, 5 first grinding station, 6 first floating electric spindle, 7 first grinding robot, 8 first piston clamp, 9 second grinding station, 10 floating engraving machine, 11 second floating electric spindle, 12 second grinding robot, 13 second piston clamp, 14 floating grinding head, 15 third floating electric spindle, 16 secondary precision positioning station, 17 piston turning station, 18 pin hole precision positioning seat, 1 9 Blanking station, 20 Water removal air knife, 21 Rotating pressure plate, 22 Electric spindle cooling water tank, 23 Robot control cabinet, 24 Electric control cabinet, 25 Outside of piston pin hole, 26 Piston stop, 27 Piston pin seat edge, 28 Inside of piston pin hole, 29 Piston skirt, 30 Ring groove blind hole, 31 Piston head, 32 Valve pit edge, 33 Piston inner hole, 34 Piston stop edge intersection arc, 35 Inner edge of piston pin seat, 36 Top surface valve, 37 Piston outer hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The accompanying drawings illustrate a specific embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment includes a loading channel 2 for loading a piston 1, a linear module 3 disposed on the loading channel 2, a loading station 4 disposed at the end of the linear module 3, a first grinding station 5 disposed within the loading channel 2, a first floating electric spindle 6 disposed within the first grinding station 5, a first grinding robot 7 disposed outside the first grinding station 5, a first piston holder 8 mounted at the end of the first grinding robot 7, a second grinding station 9 disposed within the first grinding station 5, a floating grinder 10 and a second floating electric spindle 11 disposed within the second grinding station 9, a second grinding robot 12 disposed outside the second grinding station 9, and a second piston holder 13 mounted at the end of the second grinding robot 12.

[0020] A floating grinding head 14 mounted on the first grinding station 5 is provided on the outer side of the first floating electric spindle 6 , and a third floating electric spindle 15 mounted on the first grinding station 5 is provided on the inner side.

[0021] A secondary fine positioning station 16 is provided between the first grinding station 5 and the second grinding station 9 , and a piston turning station 17 and a pin hole fine positioning seat 18 are provided on the secondary fine positioning station 16 .

[0022] A blanking station 19 is provided outside the secondary fine positioning station 16 .

[0023] A dewatering air knife 20 is provided inside the material loading position 4 , and a rotating pressure plate 21 installed on the material loading channel 2 is provided outside the material loading position 4 .

[0024] An electric spindle cooling water tank 22 is provided outside the first grinding station 5. The first grinding robot 7 and the second grinding robot 12 are connected to a robot control cabinet 23. An electric control cabinet 24 is provided outside the second grinding station 9.

[0025] The multifunctional loading channel 2 enables automated loading and primary precision positioning of the piston 1. A first grinding robot 7, equipped with a first piston gripper 8, grips the piston head 31 and completes the grinding process for various areas, including the piston stop 26, the piston pin seat edge 27, the outer side 25 of the piston pin hole, and the inner side 28 of the piston pin hole. The first grinding station 5 is equipped with a floating grinding head 14, a first floating electric spindle 6, and a third floating electric spindle 15 to deburr various piston components. The secondary precision positioning station 16 enables piston 1 reversal and pin hole precision positioning. A second grinding robot 12, equipped with a second piston gripper 13, grips the piston skirt 29 and completes the grinding process for various areas, including the valve pit edge 32 and the ring groove blind hole 30. The second grinding station 9 is equipped with a floating engraving grinder 10 and a second floating electric spindle 11 to complete the deburring process for various piston components. The unloading station 19 enables piston 1 reversal and unloading.

[0026] The fully automatic flexible deburring workstation for forged steel pistons of the present invention is adopted. The feeding channel 2 executes a separate control system, and a linear module 3 is used to realize the transportation of the piston 1 from the receiving end to the feeding end of the first grinding robot 7. A multifunctional feeding position 4 is installed at the receiving end of the feeding channel 2. The multifunctional feeding position 4 can be adjusted according to the different postures of the receiving piston to meet the clamping requirements of the first grinding robot 7. The rotating pressure plate 21 presses the piston 1 after the piston 1 is loaded into place to prevent the position of the piston 1 from changing during the subsequent water removal process of the water removal air knife 20.

[0027] The first grinding robot 7 carries a first piston gripper 8 , grabs the piston 1 from the unloading end of the loading channel 2 , and performs burr grinding on the first grinding station 5 .

[0028] The first grinding station 5 is equipped with a floating grinding head 14, a first floating electric spindle 6, and a third floating electric spindle 15. The floating grinding head 14 uses a pen-shaped wire brush or a spherical rotary file to grind the piston inner bore 33, removing as much metal burrs as possible and achieving uniformity and no noticeable scratches. Furthermore, the floating grinding head 14 is responsible for rough grinding of burrs on the piston stop 26 and the piston pin seat edge 27. The first floating electric spindle 6 uses a silicon carbide abrasive brush for fine grinding of the piston stop 26 and the piston pin seat edge 27, as well as for grinding of burrs on the piston pin hole outer side 25 and the piston pin hole inner side 28, achieving complete burr removal and uniformity with no noticeable scratches. The third floating electric spindle 15 uses a diamond grinding wheel or a carbide rotary file to grind the harder burrs on the piston stop edge intersection arc 34 and the piston pin seat inner side 35, achieving complete burr removal and uniformity with no noticeable scratches. In addition, the third floating electric spindle 15 is also used to grind burrs on the outer side of the inclined oil hole of the piston product with the inclined oil hole.

[0029] The secondary fine positioning station 16 is provided with a piston turning station 17 and a pin hole fine positioning seat 18. After the first grinding station 5 completes the grinding task, the first grinding robot 7 places the piston 1 at the piston turning station 17, and the second grinding robot 12 carries the second piston clamper 13 to clamp the piston skirt 29 at the piston turning station 17 and places the piston 1 at the pin hole fine positioning seat 18 to perform secondary fine positioning of the piston 1.

[0030] The second grinding robot 12 carries the second piston holder 13 , grabs the piston 1 from the pin hole precision positioning seat 18 and performs burr grinding on the second grinding station 9 .

[0031] The second grinding station 9 is equipped with a floating grinder 10 and a second floating electric spindle 11. The second floating electric spindle 11 uses a silicon carbide abrasive brush or carbide rotary file to remove burrs from the four annular blind holes 30, the valve pit edge 32, and the top valve 36, ensuring complete, uniform, and scratch-free deburring of the valves. The annular blind holes 30 are also minimized from burrs. The floating grinder 10 uses a pen-shaped wire brush to grind the piston outer hole 37, minimizing burrs on the outer edge and ensuring uniformity and scratch-free finish.

[0032] After unloading station 19 completes the piston 1 unloading and reversing process, the second polishing robot 12 places the piston 1, which has been polished by second polishing station 9, on unloading station 19. Depending on the final unloading method of the piston 1 (piston head facing up or down), unloading station 19 can be used for reversing or the second polishing robot 12 can skip unloading station 19 and directly place the piston 1 on the unloading tray.

Claims

1. A fully automatic flexible deburring workstation for forged steel pistons, comprising a feeding channel (2) for feeding the pistons (1), characterized by: The feeding channel (2) is provided with a linear module (3), a feeding position (4) is provided at the end of the linear module (3), a first grinding station (5) is provided on the inner side of the feeding channel (2), a first floating electric spindle (6) is provided on the first grinding station (5), a first grinding robot (7) is provided on the outer side of the first grinding station (5), a first piston clamp (8) is installed at the end of the first grinding robot (7), a second grinding station (9) is provided on the inner side of the first grinding station (5), a floating grinder (10) and a second floating electric spindle (11) are provided on the second grinding station (9), a second grinding robot (12) is provided on the outer side of the second grinding station (9), and a second piston clamp (13) is installed at the end of the second grinding robot (12).

2. The fully automatic flexible deburring workstation for forged steel pistons according to claim 1 is characterized by: A floating grinding head (14) mounted on the first grinding station (5) is provided on the outside of the first floating electric spindle (6).

3. The fully automatic flexible deburring workstation for forged steel pistons according to claim 2 is characterized by: A third floating electric spindle (15) mounted on the first grinding station (5) is provided on the inner side of the first floating electric spindle (6).

4. The fully automatic flexible deburring workstation for forged steel pistons according to claim 1 is characterized by: A secondary fine positioning station (16) is provided between the first grinding station (5) and the second grinding station (9), and a piston turning station (17) and a pin hole fine positioning seat (18) are provided on the secondary fine positioning station (16).

5. The fully automatic flexible deburring workstation for forged steel pistons according to claim 4 is characterized by: A blanking station (19) is provided outside the secondary precision positioning station (16).

6. The fully automatic flexible deburring workstation for forged steel pistons according to claim 1 is characterized by: A water removal air knife (20) is provided inside the loading position (4).

7. The fully automatic flexible deburring workstation for forged steel pistons according to claim 6 is characterized by: A rotating pressure plate (21) mounted on the feeding channel (2) is provided outside the feeding position (4).

8. The fully automatic flexible deburring workstation for forged steel pistons according to claim 1 is characterized by: An electric spindle cooling water tank (22) is provided outside the first grinding station (5), the first grinding robot (7) and the second grinding robot (12) are connected to a robot control cabinet (23), and an electric control cabinet (24) is provided outside the second grinding station (9).

9. A deburring method using the fully automatic flexible deburring workstation for forged steel pistons according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) The floating grinding head (14) uses a pen-shaped wire brush or a spherical rotary file to grind the inner hole (33) of the piston to remove metal burrs; (2) The first floating electric spindle (6) uses a silicon carbide abrasive brush to finely grind the outer side of the piston pin hole (25), the inner side of the piston pin hole (28), the piston stop (26) and the edges of the piston pin seats on both sides (27) to completely remove burrs; (3) The third floating electric spindle (15) uses a diamond grinding wheel or a carbide rotary file to grind the intersection arc (34) of the piston stop edge and the inner edge (35) of the piston pin seat to completely remove burrs; (4) The second floating electric spindle (11) uses a silicon carbide abrasive brush or a carbide rotary file to grind the top surface valve (36), the annular groove blind hole (30) and the valve pit edge (32) to completely remove burrs; (5) The floating grinder (10) uses a pen-shaped wire brush to grind the outer hole (37) of the piston to remove burrs on the outer edge.

10. The deburring method according to claim 9, wherein: In step (1), after the grinding of the piston inner hole (33) is completed, the floating grinding head (14) uses a pen-shaped wire brush to roughly grind the piston stop portion (26) and the edges (27) of the piston pin seats on both sides.

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