A screw extruder for PBT melt spinning

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of screw extruder technology, specifically a screw extruder for PBT melt spinning. It includes a base, an extruder body fixed to the top of the base, and a hopper fixed to one end of the top of the extruder body. A nitrogen delivery mechanism is provided outside the hopper. Multiple evenly distributed connecting brackets (first and second) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hopper. A nozzle (first and second) is rotatably mounted on one end of each of the connecting brackets. A drive mechanism (first) and a cooperating adjustment mechanism (first) are provided outside the hopper. Multiple evenly distributed adjustment mechanisms (second) are also provided outside the hopper. The beneficial effect of this invention is to prevent air from entering the extruder body and reacting with the molten PBT, thereby preventing changes in the color and viscosity of the PBT melt and ensuring the quality of the final product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of screw extruder technology, specifically a screw extruder for PBT melt spinning. Background Technology

[0002] PBT melt spinning is a process in which polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is heated and melted and then extruded into fibers. In this process, a screw extruder is used. The screw extruder melts solid PBT (granules or powder) into a viscous flow state at high temperature, and then extrudes it into a fine stream through a spinneret. After cooling and solidification, it forms a continuous fiber.

[0003] PBT in its molten state (240-260℃) is prone to thermal oxidation with oxygen, leading to molecular chain breakage. Traditional screw extruders typically have open hoppers, which introduce air into the extruder during raw material feeding. The molten PBT inside the extruder reacts with this air oxygen, changing the color of the PBT melt to yellow or brown and reducing its viscosity. This results in lower extruded fiber strength and ultimately reduces the quality of the final product. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a screw extruder specifically for PBT melt spinning, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a screw extruder for PBT melt spinning, comprising a base, an extruder body fixed to the top of the base, and a hopper fixed to one end of the top of the extruder body. A nitrogen conveying mechanism is provided outside the hopper. Multiple evenly distributed connecting brackets I and multiple evenly distributed connecting brackets II are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hopper. A nozzle I and a nozzle II are rotatably mounted at one end of each of the multiple connecting brackets I and the multiple connecting brackets II. A driving mechanism I and an adjusting mechanism I cooperating with it are provided outside the hopper. Multiple evenly distributed adjusting mechanisms II are provided outside the hopper. A driving mechanism II and multiple evenly distributed connecting mechanisms cooperating with it are also provided outside the hopper.

[0006] Preferably, the nitrogen conveying mechanism includes two annular nitrogen nozzles, which are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hopper in an up-down arrangement. Each of the two annular nitrogen nozzles is connected to multiple evenly distributed flexible hoses on the side closest to the hopper. The ends of the multiple flexible hoses away from the annular nitrogen nozzles are respectively connected to their corresponding nozzles one and two. One end of the two annular nitrogen nozzles is connected to a conveying pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes a rotating disk rotatably mounted on the outside of the hopper. The rotating disk has multiple evenly distributed transmission grooves at its end. Each of the multiple transmission grooves has a transmission rod movably mounted inside it. Each of the transmission rods has an adjusting rod fixedly mounted on the outside of its top end. Each of the adjusting rods is slidably connected to the hopper. A connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the end of each adjusting rod away from the rotating disk. The top ends of each connecting rod are rotatably connected to their respective corresponding nozzles.

[0008] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a gear, and a gear ring. The drive motor is fixedly installed on one side of the hopper, and the output shaft end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the gear. The gear ring is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating disk, and the gear meshes with the gear ring.

[0009] Preferably, the second adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting rod, which is slidably connected to the hopper. One end of the adjusting rod near the plurality of nozzles is connected to a connecting rod, and the top end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the corresponding nozzle. A limiting ring plate is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the end of the adjusting rod away from the connecting rod, and a spring is sleeved on the outside of the end of the adjusting rod away from the connecting rod. The two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the outside of the adjusting rod and the outside of the hopper, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes a mounting block and a rectangular frame. The mounting block is fixedly installed at the bottom of the corresponding transmission rod one, and the mounting block is movably disposed inside the rectangular frame. The rectangular frame is fixedly connected to the corresponding adjustment rod two. A lifting rod is slidably installed inside the mounting block. Transmission rod two is fixedly installed at both ends of the bottom of the lifting rod. Push blocks are slidably installed at both ends of the bottom of the mounting block. A locking tooth assembly one is fixedly installed on the side of the two push blocks that are far apart from each other. Transmission groove two is opened inside the two push blocks. The two transmission rod two are slidably installed inside the two transmission groove two respectively. Locking tooth assemblies two are fixedly installed on both sides of the rectangular frame near the inner wall of the corresponding adjustment rod two. The two sets of locking tooth assemblies one cooperate with the two sets of locking tooth assemblies two respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the second driving mechanism includes an annular connecting plate and a cylinder. Two guide rods are slidably sleeved at both ends of the annular connecting plate. Multiple guide rods are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper. The cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper. The telescopic shaft end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the annular connecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, the annular connecting plate has multiple evenly distributed grooves at its end, and each groove has a limiting slider slidably installed inside it. The bottom of each limiting slider is fixedly connected to its corresponding transmission rod.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] The nitrogen delivery mechanism delivers nitrogen into the interiors of multiple nozzles (number one and number two) to replace the air inside the hopper. When the PBT raw material is poured in, the air carried in the PBT raw material can be expelled, preventing air from entering the extruder body and reacting with the molten PBT. This prevents changes in the color and viscosity of the PBT melt, ensuring the quality of the final product.

[0015] By cooperating with the set drive mechanism 1 and adjustment mechanism 1, when the PBT raw material is powder, the adjustment mechanism 1 can adjust the angle of multiple nozzles 1 so that the openings of multiple nozzles 1 tilt downwards, thereby reducing the possibility of multiple nozzles 1 being blocked by the powdery PBT raw material rising upwards.

[0016] Through the set drive mechanism 2 and multiple connecting mechanisms, the transmission rod 1 and the corresponding adjusting rod 2 can be connected. Then, through the operation of the drive mechanism 1, the rotating disk is rotated back and forth, the multiple adjusting rods 2 and the multiple adjusting rods 1 move synchronously, and the multiple nozzles 1 and the multiple nozzles 2 rotate repeatedly to achieve the oscillating effect. When the inside of the hopper is blocked by PBT raw materials, the inside of the hopper can be cleared. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the hopper of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between multiple nozzles and an annular nitrogen nozzle of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating disk and annular connecting plate structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the rotating disk of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between multiple nozzles and the annular nitrogen nozzle of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission rod structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting block of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting rod II structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a local structure.

[0029] The components represented by each number in the attached diagram are listed below: 1. Base; 2. Extruder body; 3. Hopper; 4. Annular nitrogen nozzle; 5. Hose; 6. Conveying pipe; 7. Nozzle 1; 8. Nozzle 2; 9. Rotary disc; 10. Transmission groove 1; 11. Transmission rod 1; 12. Adjusting rod 1; 13. Connecting rod 1; 14. Drive motor; 15. Gear; 16. Gear ring; 17. Adjusting rod 2; 18. Connecting rod 2; 19. Limiting ring plate; 20. Spring; 21. Mounting block; 22. Lifting rod; 23. Transmission rod 2; 24. Push block; 25. Gear assembly 1; 26. Transmission groove 2; 27. Rectangular frame; 28. Gear assembly 2; 29. ​​Annular connecting plate; 30. Cylinder; 31. Guide rod; 32. Slide groove; 33. Limiting slider; 34. Connecting bracket 1; 35. Connecting bracket 2. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] This invention provides a technical solution: such as Figures 1-12 The PBT melt spinning screw extruder shown includes a base 1, an extruder body 2 fixed to the top of the base 1, and a hopper 3 fixed to one end of the top of the extruder body 2. A nitrogen conveying mechanism is provided on the outside of the hopper 3. Multiple evenly distributed connecting brackets 1 34 and multiple evenly distributed connecting brackets 2 35 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hopper 3. A nozzle 1 7 and a nozzle 2 8 are rotatably installed on one end of the multiple connecting brackets 1 34 and the multiple connecting brackets 2 35, respectively. A drive mechanism 1 and an adjustment mechanism 1 that cooperate with it are provided on the outside of the hopper 3. Multiple evenly distributed adjustment mechanisms 2 are provided on the outside of the hopper 3. A drive mechanism 2 and multiple evenly distributed connecting mechanisms that cooperate with it are provided on the outside of the hopper 3.

[0032] The nitrogen delivery mechanism includes two annular nitrogen nozzles 4, which are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hopper 3 in an up-down arrangement. The side of each annular nitrogen nozzle 4 near the hopper 3 is connected to multiple evenly distributed flexible hoses 5. The ends of the multiple flexible hoses 5 away from the annular nitrogen nozzles 4 are respectively connected to their corresponding nozzles 7 and 8. One end of each annular nitrogen nozzle 4 is connected to a delivery pipe 6.

[0033] The adjustment mechanism includes a rotating disk 9, which is rotatably mounted on the outside of the hopper 3. The end of the rotating disk 9 is provided with multiple evenly distributed transmission grooves 10. Transmission rods 11 are movably mounted inside the multiple transmission grooves 10. Adjustment rods 12 are fixedly mounted on the outside of the top of the multiple transmission rods 11. The multiple adjustment rods 12 are slidably connected to the hopper 3. A connecting rod 13 is rotatably mounted on the end of the multiple adjustment rods 12 away from the rotating disk 9. The top of the multiple connecting rods 13 is rotatably connected to their respective nozzles 7.

[0034] The drive mechanism includes a drive motor 14, a gear 15, and a gear ring 16. The drive motor 14 is fixedly installed on one side of the hopper 3. The output shaft end of the drive motor 14 is fixedly connected to the gear 15. The gear ring 16 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating disk 9. The gear 15 and the gear ring 16 mesh with each other.

[0035] The second adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment rod 17, which is slidably connected to the hopper 3. One end of the adjustment rod 17 near the multiple nozzles 8 is connected to a connecting rod 18. The top end of the connecting rod 18 is rotatably connected to the corresponding nozzle 8. A limiting ring plate 19 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the end of the adjustment rod 17 away from the connecting rod 18. A spring 20 is sleeved on the outside of the end of the adjustment rod 17 away from the connecting rod 18. The two ends of the spring 20 are fixedly connected to the outside of the adjustment rod 17 and the outside of the hopper 3, respectively.

[0036] The connecting mechanism includes a mounting block 21 and a rectangular frame 27. The mounting block 21 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the corresponding transmission rod 11. The mounting block 21 is movably disposed inside the rectangular frame 27. The rectangular frame 27 is fixedly connected to the corresponding adjusting rod 17. A lifting rod 22 is slidably installed inside the mounting block 21. Transmission rods 23 are fixedly installed at both ends of the bottom of the lifting rod 22. Push blocks 24 are slidably installed at both ends of the bottom of the mounting block 21. A toothed set 25 is fixedly installed on the side of the two push blocks 24 that is far apart from each other. A transmission groove 26 is opened inside the two push blocks 24. The two transmission rods 23 are slidably installed inside the two transmission grooves 26 respectively. A toothed set 28 is fixedly installed on both sides of the rectangular frame 27 near the inner wall of the corresponding adjusting rod 17. The two sets of toothed sets 25 cooperate with the two sets of toothed sets 28 respectively.

[0037] The second drive mechanism includes an annular connecting plate 29 and a cylinder 30. Two guide rods 31 are slidably sleeved at both ends of the annular connecting plate 29. The multiple guide rods 31 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper 3. The cylinder 30 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper 3. The telescopic shaft end of the cylinder 30 is fixedly connected to the top of the annular connecting plate 29.

[0038] The end of the annular connecting plate 29 is provided with multiple evenly distributed sliding grooves 32. Each of the multiple sliding grooves 32 has a limiting slider 33 slidably installed inside it. The bottom of each limiting slider 33 is fixedly connected to its corresponding transmission rod 23.

[0039] Working principle: First, nitrogen gas is supplied to the two annular nitrogen nozzles 4 through the delivery pipe 6. Initially, the openings of multiple nozzles 1 7 are tilted upwards, and the openings of multiple nozzles 2 8 are tilted downwards. The nitrogen gas inside the two annular nitrogen nozzles 4 is transmitted through multiple hoses 5 to the corresponding nozzles 1 7 and nozzles 2 8 and sprayed into the hopper 3. The sprayed nitrogen gas replaces the air inside the hopper 3, expelling the air from the hopper 3. Subsequently, PBT raw material is poured into the hopper 3. The nitrogen gas sprayed from the multiple upward-tilted nozzles 1 7 diffuses upwards, forming an "airlock" effect, effectively preventing external air from seeping in from the feed inlet. The air in the PBT raw material is discharged from the outside of the hopper 3. The airflow from multiple downward-sloping nozzles 8 is concentrated above the feed inlet of the extruder body 2, thus prioritizing the protection of the high-temperature zone. Through the nitrogen delivery mechanism, nitrogen is delivered into the interior of multiple nozzles 7 and multiple nozzles 8 to replace the air inside the hopper 3. Furthermore, when the PBT raw material is poured in, the air carried in the PBT raw material can be discharged to prevent the air from entering the interior of the extruder body 2 and reacting with the molten PBT, thereby preventing changes in the color and viscosity of the PBT melt and ensuring the quality of the final product.

[0040] When the PBT raw material is powder, the drive motor 14 is started, which drives the gear 15 connected to it to rotate, thereby driving the gear ring 16 to rotate. The rotating disk 9 then rotates, which in turn drives the multiple transmission grooves 10 at its end to rotate. The multiple transmission rods 11 drive their respective adjusting rods 12 and the mounting block 21 at the bottom to move synchronously. In addition, the limiting sliders 33 at the top of the multiple lifting rods 22 slide inside their respective sliding grooves 32. The multiple adjusting rods 12 drive their respective connecting rods 13 to rotate. The multiple nozzles 7 rotate inside their respective connecting brackets 34, causing the openings of the multiple nozzles 7 to tilt downwards, thereby reducing the possibility of the multiple nozzles 7 being blocked by the powdery PBT raw material.

[0041] When the PBT raw material inside the hopper 3 becomes clogged, the openings of multiple nozzles 7 are first tilted upwards. Then, the cylinder 30 is activated to push the annular connecting plate 29 downwards. The annular connecting plate 29 descends steadily along multiple guide rods 31. The annular connecting plate 29 acts on multiple connecting mechanisms. The movement process of one of the connecting mechanisms is as follows: As the annular connecting plate 29 descends, it drives the limiting slider 33 and its bottom lifting rod 22 to descend. The transmission rods 23 at both ends of the bottom of the lifting rod 22 slide in their respective corresponding transmission grooves 26. The two push blocks 24 are simultaneously moved away from each other under force, thereby driving the two sets of locking teeth 25 to move synchronously. The two sets of locking teeth 25 respectively engage with the two sets of locking teeth 25. Inside the second 28, the mounting block 21 is connected to the rectangular frame 27; the movement process of the other multiple connecting mechanisms is the same as described above. At this time, multiple transmission rods 11 are connected to their respective corresponding adjusting rods 17. Then, through the operation of the drive mechanism, the rotating disk 9 is rotated back and forth, and multiple adjusting rods 17 and multiple adjusting rods 12 move synchronously. Multiple nozzles 7 and multiple nozzles 8 rotate repeatedly to achieve a swinging effect, thereby clearing the inside of the hopper 3. After clearing, the annular connecting plate 29 is raised, thereby causing multiple sets of locking teeth 25 to disengage from their respective corresponding locking teeth 28. Multiple adjusting rods 17 are reset under the action of their respective corresponding springs 20, thereby resetting the multiple nozzles 28.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A screw extruder for PBT melt spinning, comprising a base (1), an extruder body (2) fixed to the top of the base (1), and a hopper (3) fixed to one end of the top of the extruder body (2), characterized in that: The hopper (3) is provided with a nitrogen conveying mechanism on its exterior. The inner wall of the hopper (3) is fixedly equipped with a plurality of evenly distributed connecting brackets 1 (34) and a plurality of evenly distributed connecting brackets 2 (35). One end of each of the plurality of connecting brackets 1 (34) and the plurality of connecting brackets 2 (35) is respectively rotatably equipped with a nozzle 1 (7) and a nozzle 2 (8). The hopper (3) is provided with a drive mechanism 1 and an adjustment mechanism 1 that cooperates with it. The hopper (3) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed adjustment mechanisms 2. The hopper (3) is provided with a drive mechanism 2 and a plurality of evenly distributed connecting mechanisms that cooperate with it. The nitrogen delivery mechanism includes two annular nitrogen nozzles (4), which are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hopper (3) in an up-down distribution. The two annular nitrogen nozzles (4) are connected to multiple evenly distributed hoses (5) on the side of the two annular nitrogen nozzles (4) near the hopper (3). The ends of the multiple hoses (5) away from the annular nitrogen nozzles (4) are respectively connected to their corresponding nozzles 1 (7) and 2 (8). One end of the two annular nitrogen nozzles (4) is connected to a delivery pipe (6). The adjustment mechanism includes a rotating disk (9), which is rotatably mounted on the outside of the hopper (3). The end of the rotating disk (9) is provided with multiple evenly distributed transmission grooves (10). Transmission rods (11) are movably mounted inside the multiple transmission grooves (10). Adjustment rods (12) are fixedly mounted on the outside of the top of the multiple transmission rods (11). The multiple adjustment rods (12) are slidably connected to the hopper (3). A connecting rod (13) is rotatably mounted on the end of the multiple adjustment rods (12) away from the rotating disk (9). The top of the multiple connecting rods (13) is rotatably connected to their respective corresponding nozzles (7).

2. The screw extruder for PBT melt spinning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a drive motor (14), a gear (15) and a gear ring (16). The drive motor (14) is fixedly installed on one side of the hopper (3). The output shaft end of the drive motor (14) is fixedly connected to the gear (15). The gear ring (16) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating disk (9). The gear (15) and the gear ring (16) mesh with each other.

3. The screw extruder for PBT melt spinning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment rod (17), which is slidably connected to the hopper (3). One end of the adjustment rod (17) near the multiple nozzles (8) is connected to a connecting rod (18). The top end of the connecting rod (18) is rotatably connected to the corresponding nozzle (8). A limiting ring plate (19) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the end of the adjustment rod (17) away from the connecting rod (18). A spring (20) is sleeved on the outside of the end of the adjustment rod (17) away from the connecting rod (18). The two ends of the spring (20) are fixedly connected to the outside of the adjustment rod (17) and the outside of the hopper (3), respectively.

4. The screw extruder for PBT melt spinning according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism includes a mounting block (21) and a rectangular frame (27). The mounting block (21) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the corresponding transmission rod (11). The mounting block (21) is movably disposed inside the rectangular frame (27). The rectangular frame (27) is fixedly connected to the corresponding adjusting rod (17). A lifting rod (22) is slidably installed inside the mounting block (21). Transmission rods (23) are fixedly installed at both ends of the bottom of the lifting rod (22). The two ends of the bottom of the mounting block (21) are... Push blocks (24) are slidably installed on both sides of the two push blocks (24) that are far apart from each other. A first set of locking teeth (25) is fixedly installed on each side of the two push blocks (24). A second set of transmission grooves (26) is opened inside each of the two push blocks (24). The two second sets of transmission rods (23) are slidably installed inside the two second sets of transmission grooves (26). A second set of locking teeth (28) is fixedly installed on both sides of the rectangular frame (27) near the inner wall of the corresponding second set of adjustment rods (17). The two sets of first sets of locking teeth (25) cooperate with the two sets of second sets of locking teeth (28) respectively.

5. A screw extruder for PBT melt spinning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second driving mechanism includes an annular connecting plate (29) and a cylinder (30). Two guide rods (31) are slidably sleeved at both ends of the annular connecting plate (29). The multiple guide rods (31) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper (3). The cylinder (30) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper (3). The telescopic shaft end of the cylinder (30) is fixedly connected to the top of the annular connecting plate (29).

6. A screw extruder for PBT melt spinning according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the annular connecting plate (29) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed sliding grooves (32), and a limit slider (33) is slidably installed inside the plurality of sliding grooves (32). The bottom of the plurality of limit sliders (33) is fixedly connected to their respective corresponding transmission rods (23).

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