Mechanical unlocking device for emergency separation of battery pack

Abstract

The mechanical unlocking device comprises a base plate, a battery pack main body, a double-head air cylinder, two side clamping pieces, two powerful push springs and a pushing piece, a mounting groove and two rows of side clamping grooves are formed in the base plate, the two rows of side clamping grooves are located in the two sides of the mounting groove correspondingly and communicate with the mounting groove, and the two rows of side clamping grooves communicate with the battery pack main body. The battery pack main body is arranged in the mounting groove, and the two side clamping pieces are movably mounted on the chassis. According to the device, the pushing piece is arranged to be matched with the mounting groove designed to be longer than the battery pack main body, so that the battery pack main body is quickly pushed to translate while being loosened, the battery pack main body is safely separated from a high-voltage wiring harness connector, damage to a vehicle structure when the battery pack main body is separated is reduced, and the device has the advantages that after the battery pack is damaged, the battery pack can be conveniently and quickly disassembled; the battery pack can be automatically and emergently separated by the vehicle, and meanwhile, a circuit is normally disconnected during separation, so that the damage to the vehicle structure is reduced, and the overall safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power batteries, and more particularly to a mechanical unlocking device for emergency release of a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] Power batteries are the power source for tools, primarily those used in electric vehicles, electric trains, electric bicycles, and golf carts. They are a core component of new energy vehicles and a key component of future energy transformation.

[0003] Thermal runaway of new energy batteries refers to the rapid release of energy and generation of large amounts of heat under the influence of internal or external factors, which causes the battery temperature to rise uncontrollably. Thermal runaway is a cascade failure process of lithium-ion batteries. Its essence is the uncontrolled release of energy caused by an electrochemical chain reaction, which can cause fire and explosion within tens of seconds, posing a serious threat to the lives of drivers and passengers.

[0004] At present, the power battery modules of new energy vehicles are generally installed under the vehicle chassis, and the surface of the battery module is armored to reduce the risk of thermal runaway after collision. However, due to uncontrollable factors such as car accidents, the power battery is often damaged and causes thermal runaway after a collision. Usually, the battery and the vehicle body cannot be separated after thermal runaway. After a fire occurs, the vehicle body will burn, increasing losses. Especially after the battery is damaged by a collision, if the battery module can be separated in time, the combustion risk and overall losses of the vehicle can be reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanical unlocking device for emergency release of a battery pack to solve the background technology problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0007] The mechanical unlocking device for emergency disengagement of the battery pack includes a chassis, a battery pack main body, a double-headed cylinder, two side clamps, two strong push springs and a pushing member, wherein the chassis is provided with a mounting slot and two rows of side clamps, the two rows of side clamps are respectively located on both sides of the mounting slot and are connected thereto, the battery pack main body is arranged inside the mounting slot, the two side clamps are movably mounted on the chassis, and the side clamps are movably matched with the side clamps, the double-headed cylinder is horizontally mounted on the chassis to drive the two side clamps to move longitudinally to clamp the battery pack main body, the two strong push springs are respectively mounted to the inside of the side clamps located at one end on both sides, the strong push spring is used to push the side clamps to reset and release the lock of the battery pack main body, the pushing member is mounted on the chassis, a high-voltage wire harness connector is installed on the chassis, the double-headed cylinder drives the side clamps to move synchronously to clamp the battery pack main body, and causes one end of the battery pack main body to move along the inside of the mounting slot and compress the pushing member, the battery pack main body moves and docks with the high-voltage wire harness connector for power supply, and the input end of the double-headed cylinder is connected to the vehicle control system; The side clamp includes a guide rod, three sliding blocks, a driving block and a pushing block. The outer side of the guide rod is slidably connected to the chassis, and the ends of the guide rod sequentially pass through the inside of the side slot on the same side. The inside of the sliding block is fixedly installed to the outer side of the guide rod. One side of the sliding block is engaged and positioned with the docking structure of the battery pack body. One end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to a strong push spring, and the other end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the driving block. The pushing block is fixedly installed to the movable end of the double-headed cylinder, and the double-headed cylinder drives the driving block to move linearly to squeeze the pushing block to move longitudinally.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the pushing member includes two T-shaped sliding rods, two strong springs and a push plate, the T-shaped end of the T-shaped sliding rod passes through and is slidably connected to the interior of the chassis, the other end of the T-shaped sliding rod is fixedly connected to the push plate, and the other side of the push plate is in contact with the battery pack body, the strong spring is sleeved on the outside of the T-shaped sliding rod, one end of the strong spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the chassis, and the other end of the strong spring is fixedly connected to the push plate.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: one side of the sliding block is fixedly connected to a conical protrusion, and both sides of the battery pack body are fixedly connected to vertically arranged connecting blocks, and the connecting blocks are provided with a locking groove that fits with the conical protrusion.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the longitudinal length of the mounting groove is greater than the longitudinal length of the battery pack body, and the difference between the two is greater than the plug docking depth between the high-voltage wiring harness connector and the battery pack body.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: an inclined guide surface is provided on the side of the pushing block facing the double-headed cylinder, and the contact end between the driving block and the pushing block is configured as an arc shape.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: two positioning grooves for fitting the arc-shaped end heads of the driving blocks are provided on the chassis.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: a buffer pad is provided at one end of the mounting groove close to the double-headed cylinder.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: a vibration-absorbing pad is provided inside the mounting groove and contacts and cooperates with the surface of the battery pack body.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: (1) This solution connects the double-headed cylinder to the vehicle control system. When the vehicle detects that the battery pack is damaged and there is a risk of thermal runaway, it quickly drives the double-headed cylinder to drive the side clamps to detach the battery pack body, so that it can be detached from the vehicle body, reducing the risk of the vehicle being burned by the battery and reducing thermal runaway losses.

[0016] (2) This solution sets a pusher to match the installation slot designed to be longer than the length of the battery pack body, so that when the battery pack body is loose, it can quickly push it to move horizontally, so that it can be safely separated from the high-voltage wiring harness connector, reducing the damage to the vehicle structure caused by the battery pack body being detached. In this way, the device has the advantage of being able to automatically detach the battery pack in an emergency after the battery pack is damaged, and at the same time, the circuit is normally disconnected at the same time, reducing damage to the vehicle structure and improving overall safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention when viewed from above; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of part A in the middle; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the battery pack of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the side clamp of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pushing member of the present invention.

[0018] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. Chassis; 2. Battery pack body; 21. Connecting block; 22. Engaging slot; 3. Double-headed cylinder; 4. Side clamp; 41. Guide rod; 42. Sliding clamp; 421. Conical protrusion; 43. Drive block; 44. Push block; 441. Inclined guide surface; 5. Powerful push spring; 6. Pushing member; 61. T-shaped slide bar; 62. Powerful spring; 63. Push plate; 7. Mounting slot; 71. Buffer pad; 72. Anti-vibration pad; 8. Side clamp; 9. High-voltage wiring harness connector; 10. Positioning slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; See also Figures 1 to 6 In the present invention, the mechanical unlocking device for emergency disengagement of the battery pack includes a chassis 1, a battery pack body 2, a double-headed cylinder 3, two side clamps 4, two strong push springs 5 ​​and a pusher 6. The chassis 1 is provided with a mounting slot 7 and two rows of side clamps 8. The two rows of side clamps 8 are respectively located on both sides of the mounting slot 7 and are connected thereto. The battery pack body 2 is arranged inside the mounting slot 7. The two side clamps 4 are movably mounted on the chassis 1, and the side clamps 4 are movably matched with the side clamps 8. The double-headed cylinder 3 is horizontally mounted on the chassis 1 to drive the two side clamps 4 to move longitudinally to the battery pack body 2. To clamp, two strong push springs 5 ​​are respectively installed in the side clamping groove 8 at one end on both sides. The strong push spring 5 is used to push the side clamping member 4 to reset and release the lock on the battery pack body 2. The pushing member 6 is installed on the chassis 1. The high-voltage wire harness connector 9 is installed on the chassis 1. The double-headed cylinder 3 drives the side clamping member 4 to move synchronously to clamp the battery pack body 2, and makes one end of the battery pack body 2 move along the inside of the installation groove 7 and compress the pushing member 6. The battery pack body 2 moves and docks with the high-voltage wire harness connector 9 for power supply. The input end of the double-headed cylinder 3 is connected to the vehicle control system.

[0020] The side clamp 4 includes a guide rod 41, three sliding blocks 42, a driving block 43 and a pushing block 44. The outer side of the guide rod 41 is slidably connected to the chassis 1, and the ends of the guide rod 41 pass through the inside of the side slot 8 on the same side in sequence. The inside of the sliding block 42 is fixedly installed to the outer side of the guide rod 41, and one side of the sliding block 42 is engaged and positioned with the docking structure of the battery pack main body 2. One end of the guide rod 41 is fixedly connected to the strong push spring 5, and the other end of the guide rod 41 is fixedly connected to the driving block 43. The pushing block 44 is fixedly installed to the movable end of the double-headed cylinder 3. The double-headed cylinder 3 drives the driving block 43 to move linearly and squeeze the pushing block 44 to move longitudinally.

[0021] In the present invention, the mounting groove 7 on the chassis 1 is used to install the battery pack main body 2. First, the battery pack main body 2 is fit into the interior of the mounting groove 7, and the connecting structures on both sides of the battery pack main body 2 are inserted into the interior of the side slots 8 on both sides, and the top of the battery pack main body 2 is fitted with the inner wall of the mounting groove 7. Then, the double-headed cylinder 3 is started to synchronously push the driving blocks 43 on both sides to move to both sides. The driving blocks 43 contact and squeeze the pushing blocks 44 to move longitudinally, driving the guide rod 41 and the sliding block 42 to move synchronously along the inside of the side slots 8. The connecting structures on both sides of the battery pack main body 2 are docked and pressed into position, and while pushing the battery pack main body 2 to be pressed, the battery pack main body 2 will move linearly with the thrust of the side clamps 4 to contact and squeeze the pushing member 6, keeping the pushing member 6 in a compressed state. At the same time, during the linear movement of the moving battery pack main body 2, its wiring harness connector gradually docks and clamps with the high-voltage wiring harness connector 9 to achieve circuit connectivity. At this time, the battery pack main body 2 is installed.

[0022] When the battery pack body 2 is damaged due to a collision, the vehicle control system will control the double-headed cylinder 3 to respond quickly and retract when it determines that the battery pack has a risk of thermal runaway, driving the drive block 43 to reset and slide. At this time, under the action of the strong push spring 5, the guide rod 41 is pushed to reset and the sliding block 42 is separated from the side connection structure of the battery pack body 2. At the same time, since the pusher 6 always remains in a compressed state, when the side clamp 4 is reset to release the positioning state of the battery pack body 2, the thrust of the pusher 6 is greater than the movement resistance of the battery pack body 2, which will push the battery pack body 2 to follow the side clamp 4 along the installation groove 7 for a distance, just disconnecting it from the high-voltage wiring harness connector 9, and then The rear clamp 4 is completely separated from the battery pack body 2. The battery pack body 2 now completely loses its support and falls to the ground under the action of gravity to be separated from the vehicle body. At this time, the vehicle body is moved using tools to move the vehicle body before the battery pack body 2 completely thermally runs away, thereby reducing the risk of vehicle combustion. The device thus achieves the advantage that after the battery pack is damaged, the vehicle can automatically and urgently disengage the battery pack. At the same time, the circuit is normally disconnected at the same time, reducing damage to the vehicle structure and improving overall safety. This solves the problem in the prior art that when the battery pack is damaged and there is a risk of thermal runaway, the battery and the vehicle body are difficult to separate, resulting in battery combustion and burning the vehicle, causing large losses.

[0023] See also Figure 2 and Figure 6 , wherein: the pushing member 6 includes two T-shaped sliding rods 61, two strong springs 62 and a push plate 63, the T-shaped end of the T-shaped sliding rod 61 passes through and is slidably connected to the interior of the chassis 1, the other end of the T-shaped sliding rod 61 is fixedly connected to the push plate 63, and the other side of the push plate 63 contacts and cooperates with the battery pack body 2, the strong spring 62 is sleeved on the outside of the T-shaped sliding rod 61, one end of the strong spring 62 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the chassis 1, and the other end of the strong spring 62 is fixedly connected to the push plate 63.

[0024] In the present invention, two strong springs 62 provide thrust to the push plate 63 on the T-shaped slide bar 61. When the battery pack body 2 is detached, the strong spring 62 pushes the push plate 63 to push the battery pack body 2 to reset and move along with the sliding block 42 until it is separated from the high-voltage wire harness connector 9 and then falls, thereby reducing damage to the vehicle body structure, reducing losses and subsequent maintenance costs.

[0025] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5 , wherein: one side of the sliding block 42 is fixedly connected to a conical protrusion 421, and both sides of the battery pack body 2 are fixedly connected to vertically arranged connecting blocks 21, and the connecting blocks 21 are provided with a locking groove 22 that fits with the conical protrusion 421.

[0026] In the present invention, the tapered protrusion 421 cooperates with the engaging groove 22 to make the contact and positioning effect of the sliding block 42 on the connecting block 21 more stable, thereby ensuring a stable installation structure.

[0027] See also Figure 2 , wherein: the longitudinal length of the mounting groove 7 is greater than the longitudinal length of the battery pack body 2, and the difference between the two is greater than the plug docking depth of the high-voltage wire harness connector 9 and the battery pack body 2.

[0028] In the present invention, the longitudinal length of the mounting groove 7 is greater than the longitudinal length of the battery pack body 2, and the difference between the two is greater than the plug docking depth of the high-voltage wire harness connector 9 and the battery pack body 2, so that the push plate 63 pushes the battery pack body 2 to move a distance limited by the length of the mounting groove 7, which can ensure that the battery pack body 2 is separated from the high-voltage wire harness connector 9, and can also ensure that the connecting block 21 on the battery pack body 2 is completely separated from the sliding block 42, ensuring that the battery pack body 2 is smoothly detached.

[0029] See also Figure 2 , wherein: the pushing block 44 is provided with an inclined guide surface 441 on one side facing the double-headed cylinder 3, and the contact end between the driving block 43 and the pushing block 44 is set to be arc-shaped.

[0030] In the present invention, the inclined guide surface 441 allows the driving block 43 to squeeze the pushing block 44 to move, resulting in less resistance and smoother operation of the structure.

[0031] See also Figure 2 , wherein: two positioning grooves 10 are opened on the chassis 1 for fitting the arc-shaped end heads of the driving block 43.

[0032] In the present invention, the arc-shaped end of the driving block 43 is inserted into the positioning groove 10. At this time, the vertical pressure exerted by the pushing block 44 on the driving block 43 can just improve the stability of the driving block 43 and enhance the structural stability.

[0033] See also Figure 2 , wherein: a buffer pad 71 is provided at one end of the mounting groove 7 close to the double-headed cylinder 3.

[0034] In the present invention, the buffer pad 71 allows the battery pack body 2 to be pushed by the push plate 63 to perform contact buffering, thereby reducing collisions between the vehicle body and the battery pack body 2 and improving safety.

[0035] See also Figure 1 , wherein: a vibration-absorbing pad 72 is provided inside the mounting groove 7 and contacts and cooperates with the surface of the battery pack body 2.

[0036] In the present invention, the anti-vibration pad 72 is used to provide shock absorption protection between the battery pack body 2 and the chassis 1, thereby reducing structural friction and abnormal noise.

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or modifications based on the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical unlocking device for emergency release of the battery pack, characterized by: The invention comprises a chassis (1), a battery pack body (2), a double-headed cylinder (3), two side clamps (4), two strong push springs (5) and a pusher (6), wherein the chassis (1) is provided with a mounting groove (7) and two rows of side clamps (8), the two rows of side clamps (8) are respectively located on both sides of the mounting groove (7) and are connected thereto, the battery pack body (2) is arranged inside the mounting groove (7), the two side clamps (4) are both movably mounted on the chassis (1), and the side clamps (4) and the side clamps (8) are movably matched, the double-headed cylinder (3) is horizontally mounted on the chassis (1) to drive the two side clamps (4) to move longitudinally to clamp the battery pack body (2), and the two side clamps (4) are arranged inside the mounting groove (7). The strong push spring (5) is respectively installed inside the side clamping groove (8) at one end on both sides. The strong push spring (5) is used to push the side clamping member (4) to reset and release the lock on the battery pack body (2). The pushing member (6) is installed on the chassis (1). A high-voltage wire harness connector (9) is installed on the chassis (1). The double-headed cylinder (3) drives the side clamping member (4) to move synchronously to clamp the battery pack body (2), and makes one end of the battery pack body (2) move along the inside of the installation groove (7) and compress the pushing member (6). The battery pack body (2) moves and docks with the high-voltage wire harness connector (9) for power supply. The input end of the double-headed cylinder (3) is connected to the vehicle control system. The side clamp (4) includes a guide rod (41), three sliding clamps (42), a driving block (43) and a pushing block (44). The outer side of the guide rod (41) is slidably connected to the chassis (1). The ends of the guide rod (41) sequentially pass through the inside of the side clamping groove (8) on the same side. The inside of the sliding clamp (42) is fixedly installed to the outer side of the guide rod (41). One side of the sliding clamp (42) is clamped and positioned with the docking structure of the battery pack body (2). One end of the guide rod (41) is fixedly connected to the strong push spring (5). The other end of the guide rod (41) is fixedly connected to the driving block (43). The pushing block (44) is fixedly installed to the movable end of the double-headed cylinder (3). The double-headed cylinder (3) drives the driving block (43) to move linearly and squeeze the pushing block (44) to move longitudinally.

2. The mechanical unlocking device for emergency release of the battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing member (6) includes two T-shaped slide bars (61), two strong springs (62) and a push plate (63). The T-shaped end of the T-shaped slide bar (61) passes through and is slidably connected to the inside of the chassis (1). The other end of the T-shaped slide bar (61) is fixedly connected to the push plate (63). The other side of the push plate (63) is in contact with the battery pack body (2). The strong spring (62) is sleeved on the outside of the T-shaped slide bar (61). One end of the strong spring (62) is fixedly connected to the inside of the chassis (1), and the other end of the strong spring (62) is fixedly connected to the push plate (63).

3. The mechanical unlocking device for emergency release of the battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the sliding block (42) is fixedly connected to a conical protrusion (421), and both sides of the battery pack body (2) are fixedly connected to vertically arranged connecting blocks (21), and the connecting blocks (21) are provided with engaging grooves (22) that fit with the conical protrusion (421).

4. The mechanical unlocking device for emergency release of the battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal length of the mounting groove (7) is greater than the longitudinal length of the battery pack body (2), and the difference between the longitudinal length and the longitudinal length is greater than the plug docking depth of the high-voltage wiring harness connector (9) and the battery pack body (2).

5. The mechanical unlocking device for emergency release of the battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing block (44) is provided with an inclined guide surface (441) on one side facing the double-head cylinder (3), and the contact ends of the driving block (43) and the pushing block (44) are configured in an arc shape.

6. The mechanical unlocking device for emergency release of the battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The chassis (1) is provided with two positioning grooves (10) for fitting with the arc-shaped ends of the driving block (43).

7. The mechanical unlocking device for emergency release of the battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer pad (71) is provided at one end of the mounting groove (7) close to the double-head cylinder (3).

8. The mechanical unlocking device for emergency release of the battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vibration-stopping pad (72) is provided inside the mounting groove (7) and contacts and cooperates with the surface of the battery pack body (2).

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