High-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that five or more metal salt powder is added into absolute ethyl alcohol according to the amount-of-substance ratio of metal elements to the metal salt powder, magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment are conducted till the metal salt powder is dissolved, and a solution A with the total concentration of metal ions ranging from 0.0025 mol / L to 0.1 mol / L is obtained; performing double-sided activation on the carbon paper; uniformly attaching the solution A to the carbon paper in the step 2 through a pipette, and carrying out vacuum drying; placing the composite carbon fiber skeleton in a tube furnace filled with argon, heating from room temperature to 900-1100 DEG C, carrying out heat preservation for 0-2 hours, carrying out furnace cooling to room temperature to obtain the carbon fiber skeleton composite material loaded with the high-entropy alloy, placing the obtained loaded material and selenium powder in the tube furnace filled with argon, heating to 600-1200 DEG C, carrying out heat preservation for 0.5-2 hours, and carrying out cooling to obtain the high-entropy alloy-loaded carbon fiber skeleton composite material. The high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material has excellent cycling stability and rate capability while maintaining high specific capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of functional materials and relates to lithium-ion battery electrode materials, and specifically relates to a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As early as the 1970s, scientific research on lithium metal batteries (LiM batteries) began. These are rechargeable batteries that use metallic lithium as the negative electrode, and their positive electrode is usually made of high-voltage materials. Due to the ultra-high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh / g) and the lowest electrode potential (-3.04 V vs. SHE) of metallic lithium, LiM batteries are considered to be an ideal choice for the next generation of high-energy-density energy storage systems. Despite their great potential, LiM batteries still face some key challenges in their commercialization. These include uneven lithium deposition, which can cause dendrites to pierce the separator, triggering short circuits and even thermal runaway. LiM reacts with the electrolyte to form a brittle SEI film, which repeatedly breaks and regenerates, consuming active lithium and electrolyte and reducing Coulombic efficiency. LiM undergoes infinite volume changes during charge and discharge, leading to structural damage to the electrode. These problems have caused the technological development of LiM batteries to stagnate. However, with the rapid growth of the renewable energy and electric vehicle markets in recent years, the demand for high energy density and long cycle life has increased, and LiM batteries have once again attracted attention. Currently, research on LiM batteries is in the transition process from basic research to commercialization. In order to improve the safety and cycle life of lithium metal batteries, researchers have made a lot of innovations in electrolytes, negative electrode protective layers, and battery manufacturing processes to inhibit the growth and volume expansion of lithium dendrites. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material and its preparation method and application. The material combines the synergistic effect of the carbon fiber skeleton and the high-entropy selenide to effectively alleviate the volume expansion and accumulated mechanical stress of lithium during the charging and discharging process of lithium metal batteries, maintain the integrity of the electrode and construct a stable SEI film to achieve uniform lithium deposition. It is used as the negative electrode of lithium metal batteries, effectively improving the battery cycle stability.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for preparing a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: adding five or more metal salt powders to anhydrous ethanol according to the molar ratio of the metal elements, etc., and magnetically stirring and ultrasonically treating until dissolved to obtain a solution A having a total metal ion concentration of 0.0025 to 0.1 mol / L;

[0007] Step 2: Place the carbon paper in a plasma cleaning machine with an argon atmosphere and activate both sides for 5 to 30 minutes;

[0008] Step 3: Use a pipette to evenly adhere solution A to the carbon paper in step 2, and add it dropwise several times, with a total amount of 30-200 μl / cm 2 , obtaining a composite carbon fiber skeleton by vacuum drying;

[0009] Step 4: placing the fully dried composite carbon fiber skeleton in step 3 in a tubular furnace filled with argon and heating it from room temperature to 900-1100° C. at a heating rate of 1-12° C. / min for 0-2 h, and then cooling it to room temperature to obtain a carbon fiber skeleton composite material loaded with a high entropy alloy;

[0010] Step 5. Place the high-entropy alloy-loaded carbon fiber skeleton composite material obtained in step 4 and selenium powder together in a tubular furnace filled with argon and heat from room temperature to 600-1200°C at a heating rate of 1-12°C / min for 0.5-2h. After cooling to room temperature with the furnace, a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material is obtained, wherein the ratio of selenium powder to solution A is 2mg:1μl.

[0011] The present invention also has the following technical features:

[0012] Preferably, the metal elements described in step 1 include at least five of Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ta, W, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, In and Zn.

[0013] Preferably, the metal salt in step 1 comprises any one of metal nitrates, nitrites, chlorides, sulfates, fluorides or acetates, or a mixture of several of them.

[0014] Preferably, the magnetic stirring time in step 1 is 0.5 to 4 hours.

[0015] Preferably, the ultrasonic treatment time in step 1 is 0.2 to 2 hours.

[0016] Preferably, the vacuum drying in step 3 is performed by placing the product in a vacuum oven at 50-80° C. for 8-24 hours.

[0017] The present invention also protects a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material prepared by the method as described above and its use in the negative electrode of a lithium metal battery.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0019] The present invention loads high-entropy selenide on a carbon fiber skeleton. The three-dimensional conductive network of the carbon fiber skeleton not only provides a uniformly dispersed carrier for high-entropy selenide nanoparticles, but also significantly improves the electronic conductivity of the composite material. High-entropy selenide, by virtue of its unique lattice distortion effect and multi-metal synergy, not only provides abundant lithium storage active sites, but also effectively inhibits the loss of selenium through the entropy stabilization effect, thereby obtaining a uniform element distribution. The carbon fiber skeleton inhibits the volume expansion and accumulated mechanical stress of the electrode, maintaining the integrity of the electrode. The high-entropy selenide surface induces the formation of a stable LiF-rich SEI film to achieve uniform lithium deposition. The composite material, used as the negative electrode of a lithium metal battery, exhibits excellent cycle stability and rate performance while maintaining a high specific capacity. Its synergistic effect provides an innovative solution for the development of high-energy-density, long-life lithium battery systems.

[0020] The invention has low raw material cost, simple synthesis method, high yield, strong controllability, and uniform mixing of products, which is conducive to industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 These are the SEM and EDS images of the (VZrNbMoW)Se high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material prepared in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 2 These are the SEM and EDS images of the (VZrNbMoInTa)Se high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material prepared in Example 2;

[0023] Figure 3 This is an EDS graph of the (ZrNbMoTaInCuZn)Se high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material prepared in Example 3;

[0024] Figure 4 is the XRD pattern of the (ZrNbMoTaInCuZn)Se high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material prepared in Example 3;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a half-cell cycle performance diagram of the (VZrNbMoW)Se high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material prepared in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the battery cycle stability of the (VZrNbMoW)Se high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material prepared in Example 1 when applied to a lithium-ion battery;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a full-cell performance diagram of the (VZrNbMoW)Se high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material prepared in Example 1 applied to a lithium-ion battery at a 0.5C rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The specific contents of the present invention are further explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Add 0.01 mmol of MoCl5, NbCl5, WCl6, VCl3, and ZrCl4 to 5 ml of anhydrous ethanol solvent, stir magnetically for 4 h, and ultrasonicate for 0.2 h until dissolved to obtain solution A;

[0032] Step 2: Place the carbon paper in an argon plasma cleaning machine and activate both sides for 10 minutes;

[0033] Step 3: Use a pipette to draw solution A and evenly adhere it to the carbon paper in step 2. The amount of solution added is 50 μl / cm 2 , a composite carbon fiber skeleton was obtained and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C for 8 h;

[0034] Step 4: Place the composite carbon fiber skeleton dried in step 3 in a tube furnace filled with argon and heat it to 1100° C. at a heating rate of 2° C. / min and a holding time of 0 h. After cooling to room temperature, a carbon fiber skeleton composite material loaded with high entropy alloy is obtained;

[0035] Step 5. Place the high-entropy alloy-loaded carbon fiber skeleton composite material obtained in step 4 and selenium powder in a tube furnace, wherein the ratio of selenium powder to solution A is 2 mg:1 μl, and heat from room temperature to 800°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature in the furnace, a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material is obtained.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Step 1: Add 0.05 mmol of MoCl5, NbCl5, InCl3, VCl3, ZrCl4, and TaCl5 to 10 ml of anhydrous ethanol solvent, sonicate for 0.4 h, and magnetically stir for 3 h until dissolved to obtain solution A;

[0038] Step 2: Place the carbon paper in an argon plasma cleaning machine and activate both sides for 10 minutes;

[0039] Step 3: Use a pipette to draw solution A and evenly adhere it to the carbon paper in step 2. The amount of solution added is 70 μl / cm 2 , a composite carbon fiber skeleton was obtained and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C for 8 h;

[0040] Step 4: Place the composite carbon fiber skeleton dried in step 3 in a tube furnace filled with argon and heat it to 900°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, a carbon fiber skeleton composite material loaded with high entropy alloy is obtained;

[0041] Step 5. Place the high-entropy alloy-loaded carbon fiber skeleton composite material obtained in step 4 and selenium powder in a tube furnace, wherein the ratio of selenium powder to solution A is 2 mg:1 μl, and heat from room temperature to 750°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature with the furnace, a carbon fiber skeleton composite electrode material loaded with high-entropy selenide is obtained.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material, comprising the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Add 0.1 mmol of MoF5, NbF5, InF3, CuF2, TaF5, ZrF4, and ZnF2 to 20 ml of anhydrous ethanol solvent, sonicate for 0.5 h, and magnetically stir for 3 h until dissolved to obtain solution A;

[0045] Step 2: Place the carbon paper in an argon plasma cleaning machine and activate both sides for 10 minutes;

[0046] Step 3: Use a pipette to draw solution A and evenly adhere it to the carbon paper in step 2. The amount of solution added is 120 μl / cm 2 , a composite carbon fiber skeleton was obtained and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C for 12 h;

[0047] Step 4: Place the composite carbon fiber skeleton dried in step 3 in a tube furnace filled with argon and heat it to 1100° C. at a heating rate of 2° C. / min and a holding time of 0.2 h. After cooling to room temperature, a carbon fiber skeleton composite material loaded with high entropy alloy is obtained;

[0048] Step 5. Place the high-entropy alloy-loaded carbon fiber skeleton composite material obtained in step 4 and selenium powder in a tube furnace, wherein the ratio of selenium powder to solution A is 2 mg:1 μl, and heat from room temperature to 800°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min for 1.5 hours. After cooling to room temperature in the furnace, a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material is obtained.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Add 0.1 mmol of MoCl5, NbCl5, WCl6, VCl3, ZrCl4, and TaCl5 to 20 ml of anhydrous ethanol solvent, ultrasonicate for 1 hour, and magnetically stir for 5 hours until dissolved to obtain solution A;

[0052] Step 2: Place the carbon paper in an argon plasma cleaning machine and activate both sides for 10 minutes;

[0053] Step 3: Use a pipette to draw solution A and evenly adhere it to the carbon paper in step 2. The amount of solution added is 30 μl / cm 2 , a composite carbon fiber skeleton was obtained and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C for 12 h;

[0054] Step 4: Place the composite carbon fiber skeleton dried in step 3 in a tubular furnace filled with argon and heat it to 1000° C. at a heating rate of 2° C. / min and a holding time of 0 h. After cooling to room temperature, a carbon fiber skeleton composite material loaded with high entropy alloy is obtained;

[0055] Step 5. Place the high-entropy alloy-loaded carbon fiber skeleton composite material obtained in step 4 and selenium powder in a tube furnace, wherein the ratio of selenium powder to solution A is 2 mg:1 μl, and heat from room temperature to 800°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature in the furnace, a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material is obtained.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material, comprising the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Add 0.1 mmol of Cu(NO2)2, Nb(NO2)5, Ta(NO2)5, V(NO2)3, Fe(NO2)3, Co(NO3)2 and Ni(NO3)2 into 10 ml of anhydrous ethanol solvent, sonicate for 1.5 h, and magnetically stir for 4 h until dissolved to obtain solution A;

[0059] Step 2: Place the carbon paper in an argon plasma cleaning machine and activate both sides for 5 minutes;

[0060] Step 3: Use a pipette to draw solution A and evenly adhere it to the carbon paper in step 2. The amount of solution added is 50 μl / cm 2 , a composite carbon fiber skeleton was obtained and dried in a vacuum oven at 80 °C for 8 h;

[0061] Step 4: Place the composite carbon fiber skeleton dried in step 3 in a tubular furnace filled with argon and heat it to 1000°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min and a holding time of 0.2h. After cooling to room temperature, a carbon fiber skeleton composite material loaded with high entropy alloy is obtained;

[0062] Step 5. Place the high-entropy alloy-loaded carbon fiber skeleton composite material obtained in step 4 and selenium powder in a tube furnace, wherein the ratio of selenium powder to solution A is 2 mg:1 μl, and heat from room temperature to 800°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature in the furnace, a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material is obtained.

[0063] Example 6

[0064] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material, comprising the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: 0.2 mmol of C8H 12 Mo2O8, Nb(CH3COO)5, TaCl5, TiCl4, ZrCl4, and ZnCl2 were added to 50 ml of anhydrous ethanol solvent, ultrasonicated for 2 h, and magnetically stirred for 0.5 h until dissolved to obtain solution A;

[0066] Step 2: Place the carbon paper in an argon plasma cleaning machine and activate both sides for 5 minutes;

[0067] Step 3: Use a pipette to draw solution A and evenly adhere it to the carbon paper in step 2. The amount of solution added is 60 μl / cm 2 , a composite carbon fiber skeleton was obtained and dried in a vacuum oven at 80 °C for 8 h;

[0068] Step 4: Place the composite carbon fiber skeleton dried in step 3 in a tubular furnace filled with argon and heat it to 1000°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min and a holding time of 0.2h. After cooling to room temperature, a carbon fiber skeleton composite material loaded with high entropy alloy is obtained;

[0069] Step 5. Place the high-entropy alloy-loaded carbon fiber skeleton composite material obtained in step 4 and selenium powder in a tube furnace, wherein the ratio of selenium powder to solution A is 2 mg:1 μl, and heat from room temperature to 800°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature in the furnace, a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material is obtained.

[0070] Example 7

[0071] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: Add 0.0018 mmol of MoCl5, WCl6, InCl3, CuSO4, ZnSO4, TaCl5, and ZrCl4 to 5 ml of anhydrous ethanol solvent, sonicate for 0.5 h, and magnetically stir for 5 h until dissolved to obtain solution A;

[0073] Step 2: Place the carbon paper in an argon plasma cleaning machine and activate both sides for 5 minutes;

[0074] Step 3: Use a pipette to draw solution A and evenly adhere it to the carbon paper in step 2. The amount of solution added is 100 μl / cm 2 , a composite carbon fiber skeleton was obtained and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C for 12 h;

[0075] Step 4: Place the composite carbon fiber skeleton dried in step 3 in a tube furnace filled with argon and heat it to 900°C at a heating rate of 12°C / min and a holding time of 0.2h. After cooling to room temperature, a carbon fiber skeleton composite material loaded with high entropy alloy is obtained;

[0076] Step 5. Place the high-entropy alloy-loaded carbon fiber skeleton composite material obtained in step 4 and selenium powder in a tube furnace, wherein the ratio of selenium powder to solution A is 2 mg:1 μl, and heat from room temperature to 600°C at a heating rate of 1°C / min for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature in the furnace, a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material is obtained.

[0077] Example 8

[0078] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material, comprising the following steps:

[0079] Step 1: Add 0.1 mmol of MoCl5, WCl6, InCl3, CuSO4, ZnSO4, MnSO, ​​and CrCl2 to 7 ml of anhydrous ethanol solvent, sonicate for 0.5 h, and magnetically stir for 2 h until dissolved to obtain solution A;

[0080] Step 2: Place the carbon paper in an argon plasma cleaning machine and activate both sides for 30 minutes;

[0081] Step 3: Use a pipette to draw solution A evenly onto the carbon paper in step 2. The amount of solution added is 200 μl / cm 2 , a composite carbon fiber skeleton was obtained and dried in a vacuum oven at 50 °C for 24 h;

[0082] Step 4: Place the composite carbon fiber skeleton dried in step 3 in a tube furnace filled with argon and heat it to 900°C at a heating rate of 1°C / min for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a carbon fiber skeleton composite material loaded with high entropy alloy is obtained;

[0083] Step five, the carbon fiber framework composite material loaded with high-entropy alloy obtained in step four and selenium powder were heated in a tube furnace, wherein the ratio of selenium powder to solution A dropwise amount was 2 mg: 1 μl, the temperature was raised to 1200℃ at a rate of 12℃ / min from room temperature, the holding time was 0.5 h, and the high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material was obtained after the furnace was cooled to room temperature.

[0084] The summary is as follows:

[0085] 1 morphology

[0086] Figure 1 is the SEM and EDS images of the (VZrNbMoW)Se high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material prepared in Example 1; Figure 2 is the SEM and EDS images of the (VZrNbMoInTa)Se high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material prepared in Example 2; Figure 3 is the EDS image of the (ZrNbMoTaInCuZn)Se high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material prepared in Example 3; from Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be observed from the SEM images of Figure 1-Figure 3 that the high-entropy selenide is uniformly grown on the surface of the carbon fiber framework. It can be observed from the EDS images of that multiple metal elements and Se elements are uniformly distributed in the entire carbon fiber framework.

[0087] 2 composition

[0088] Figure 4 is the XRD pattern of the (ZrNbMoTaInCuZn)Se high-entropy selenide composite electrode material based on the carbon fiber framework prepared in Example 3, as shown in Figure 4 , the diffraction peaks of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the material correspond to the (003), (101), (104) and (107) planes of the R-3m space group, respectively.

[0089] 3 electrochemical performance

[0090] A full battery based on the negative electrode prepared in Example 1 and the LFP positive electrode and a half battery with Li as the positive electrode were assembled.

[0091] Figure 5 is the cycle performance graph of the half battery of the high-entropy selenide (VZrNbMoW)Se composite electrode material based on the carbon fiber framework prepared in Example 1 under the condition of a current density of 1 mA cm -2 and a capacity of 1 mAh cm -2 , as shown in Figure 5 , the battery still maintains stable performance after 800 cycles and can uniformly guide lithium deposition.

[0092] Figure 6 The cycling performance of a full cell with the carbon fiber skeleton based high-entropy selenide (VZrNbMoW)Se composite electrode material prepared in Example 1 at a current density of 0.5 C is shown in the graph. -2 The capacity is 1 mAh cm -2 under the condition.

[0093] Figure 7 The cycling performance of a full cell with the carbon fiber skeleton based high-entropy selenide (VZrNbMoW)Se composite electrode material prepared in Example 1 at a current density of 0.5 C is shown in the graph. As shown in Figure 7 , a full cell based on the negative electrode prepared in Example 3 and LFP positive electrode was assembled, and still had a high capacity retention rate of 88% after 130 cycles at a current density of 0.5 C.

[0094] Those skilled in the art will realize that the examples described herein are intended to help the reader understand the principles of the present application, and should be understood as not limiting the scope of protection of the present application to such specific recitations and examples. The metal elements in the high-entropy nitride of the present application can also be other combinations of the metal elements given in the technical solutions. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations according to the technical inspirations disclosed in the present application without departing from the essence of the present application, and these modifications and combinations are still within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: adding five or more metal salt powders to anhydrous ethanol according to the molar ratio of the metal elements, etc., and magnetically stirring and ultrasonically treating until dissolved to obtain a solution A having a total metal ion concentration of 0.0025 to 0.1 mol / L; Step 2: Place the carbon paper in a plasma cleaning machine with an argon atmosphere and activate both sides for 5 to 30 minutes; Step 3: Use a pipette to evenly adhere solution A to the carbon paper in step 2, and add it dropwise several times, with a total amount of 30-200 μl / cm 2 , obtaining a composite carbon fiber skeleton by vacuum drying; Step 4: placing the fully dried composite carbon fiber skeleton in step 3 in a tubular furnace filled with argon and heating it from room temperature to 900-1100° C. at a heating rate of 1-12° C. / min for 0-2 h, and then cooling it to room temperature to obtain a carbon fiber skeleton composite material loaded with a high entropy alloy; Step 5. Place the high-entropy alloy-loaded carbon fiber skeleton composite material obtained in step 4 and selenium powder together in a tubular furnace filled with argon and heat from room temperature to 600-1200°C at a heating rate of 1-12°C / min for 0.5-2h. After cooling to room temperature with the furnace, a high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material is obtained, wherein the ratio of selenium powder to solution A is 2mg:1μl.

2. The method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material according to claim 1, wherein: The metal elements described in step 1 include at least five of Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ta, W, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, In and Zn.

3. The method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material according to claim 1, wherein: The metal salt in step 1 includes any one of metal nitrates, nitrites, chlorides, sulfates, fluorides or acetates, or a mixture of several of them.

4. The method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material according to claim 1, wherein: The magnetic stirring time described in step 1 is 0.5 to 4 hours.

5. The method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material according to claim 1, wherein: The ultrasonic treatment time in step 1 is 0.2 to 2 hours.

6. The method for preparing a high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material according to claim 1, wherein: The vacuum drying in step 3 is performed by placing the product in a vacuum oven at 50-80° C. and drying for 8-24 hours.

7. A high entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. Use of the high-entropy selenide composite carbon fiber electrode material as claimed in claim 7 in the negative electrode of a lithium metal battery.

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