Anaerobic reactor of multi-stage filler biological membrane

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and discloses an anaerobic reactor of a multi-stage filler biological membrane. Comprising an anaerobic reactor main body, a sludge settling zone, a reaction zone, a gas chamber, a gas-water separation zone, a gas outlet pipe arranged at the upper end of the anaerobic reactor main body, a sewage inlet pipe arranged at the lower end of the anaerobic reactor main body, and a three-phase separator arranged in the gas-water separation zone, wherein the sludge settling zone, the reaction zone, the gas chamber and the gas-water separation zone are sequentially arranged in the anaerobic reactor main body; wherein a plurality of filler layers are arranged in the reaction zone in a layered manner, and the plurality of filler layers provide attachment positions for microorganisms in the reaction zone; the sludge settling zone is positioned below the reaction zone and is used for collecting and discharging settled sludge. According to the invention, organic pollutants in water are treated in a grading and staged manner, and different types of microorganisms are enriched on different levels of fillers, so that the problems of low treatment efficiency and long reaction time when a traditional anaerobic reactor is used for treating high-concentration organic wastewater are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an anaerobic reactor with a multi-stage filler biofilm. Background Art

[0002] As the composition of industrial wastewater becomes more complex, traditional anaerobic processes face severe challenges. For example, the widely used UASB reactor has the following technical limitations: 1. Long startup cycle: granular sludge with a particle size greater than 0.5 mm must be cultivated, which usually takes 3-6 months; 2. Poor resistance to shock load: when COD fluctuations are greater than 30%, the inhibition rate of methanogen activity reaches 40-60%; 3. Low mass transfer efficiency: volumetric load greater than 15 kg COD / (m 3 d) When the three-phase separation efficiency decreases, the sludge loss rate will be greater than 8%. 4. Imbalance of functional bacteria: hydrolytic bacteria and methanogens compete and inhibit each other. When the acidification rate exceeds 30%, the system will collapse.

[0003] On this basis, biofilm immobilization technology has been gradually applied to anaerobic reactors. Compared with the activated sludge method, the biofilm method has advantages such as high biomass concentration, strong resistance to shock loads, stratified distribution of functional bacteria, and high synergistic metabolic efficiency. However, certain technical bottlenecks still exist. For example, in traditional biofilm-filled reactors, the internal microporous structure of the filler is easily clogged by extracellular polymers produced by microorganisms, and the effective bioattachment area decreases after a period of operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention is made to solve the above technical problems, and its purpose is to provide an anaerobic reactor with a multi-stage filler biofilm, which can effectively solve the problems of low treatment efficiency and long reaction time in traditional anaerobic reactors when treating high-concentration organic wastewater.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an anaerobic reactor with a multi-stage filler biofilm, comprising: an anaerobic reactor body, a sludge sedimentation zone, a reaction zone, a gas chamber, and a gas-water separation zone sequentially arranged inside the anaerobic reactor body, an air outlet pipe arranged at the upper end of the anaerobic reactor body, a sewage inlet pipe arranged at the lower end of the anaerobic reactor body, and a three-phase separator arranged in the gas-water separation zone; wherein,

[0006] Partitions are layered in the reaction zone, and the partitions are used to provide attachment sites for microorganisms in the reaction zone;

[0007] The sludge sedimentation zone is located below the reaction zone and is used to collect and discharge settled sludge.

[0008] Preferably, each of the filler layers comprises: a partition plate, a horizontal rod arranged on the partition plate, and a filler arranged on the horizontal rod, wherein,

[0009] The width of the horizontal rod is 9-11 mm.

[0010] The horizontal rod is used for fixing the filler and reinforcing the partition plate.

[0011] Preferably, a clamping groove is arranged on the inner wall of the reaction zone, wherein,

[0012] The partition plate is inserted into the clamping groove.

[0013] Preferably, the cross section of the clamping groove is L-shaped, the depth of the clamping groove is 29-31 mm, and the width of the clamping groove is 29-31 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the filler is dense Pall ring filler.

[0015] Preferably, the filler is fixed on the horizontal rod by a fiber rope.

[0016] Preferably, a vertical rod is arranged between adjacent partition plates, wherein,

[0017] The vertical rod is arranged perpendicularly at the center of the partition plate.

[0018] The vertical rod is used for reinforcing the partition plate.

[0019] Preferably, a flange is arranged on each of the sludge precipitation zone, the reaction zone, the gas chamber and the gas-water separation zone, a bolt is arranged on the flange, and adjacent sludge precipitation zones, reaction zones, gas chambers and gas-water separation zones are connected by the flanges.

[0020] Preferably, the partition plate is a polyethylene partition plate.

[0021] Preferably, the gas-water separation zone and the gas chamber are communicated by the three-phase separator, and one end of the three-phase separator extends to the top outlet of the gas chamber.

[0022] According to the above description and practice, the anaerobic reactor with multi-stage filler biofilm described in the present invention forms a multi-stage filler layer by arranging partitions in layers, which can effectively increase the amount of microbial attachment in the reactor. By treating organic pollutants in water in a graded and staged manner, different types of microorganisms are enriched on fillers at different levels, thereby solving the problems of low treatment efficiency and long reaction time when treating high-concentration organic wastewater in traditional anaerobic reactors. The layered partitions can play a good rectifying role on the water flow in the reactor, greatly improving the hydraulic conditions, while reducing the clogging and structural phenomena of the fillers, improving the degradation efficiency of organic pollutants in sewage, improving the treatment effect, and reducing operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an anaerobic reactor with multi-stage filler biofilm involved in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a plan view of a partition involved in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the AA section.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a card slot involved in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] The reference numerals in the figures are:

[0028] 1. Anaerobic reactor body; 2. Flange; 3. Air chamber; 4. Gas-water separation zone; 5. Reaction zone; 6. Sludge sedimentation zone; 7. Slot; 8. Partition; 9. Vertical rod; 10. Three-phase separator; 11. Sewage inlet pipe; 12. Outlet pipe; 13. Horizontal rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0030] In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar parts, and their repeated description will be omitted. It should be noted that in the present disclosure, the terms "including", "configured with", and "set on" are used to express open-ended inclusion and mean that in addition to the listed elements / components / etc., there may be additional elements / components / etc.; the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only as labels and are not intended to limit the number or order of their objects; the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, removable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The anaerobic reactor with multi-stage filler biofilm in the present invention includes: the anaerobic reactor body 1 is composed of a sludge sedimentation zone 6, a reaction zone 5, an air chamber 3, and an air-water separation zone 4 connected in sequence from top to bottom, and each zone is modularly assembled by respectively setting flanges 2. The sludge sedimentation zone 6 is located below the reaction zone 5, and its bottom is designed as a conical structure to facilitate the collection and regular discharge of settled sludge; the reaction zone 5 is a cylindrical cavity, and the interior is provided with a multi-stage filler layer arranged in layers, and the multiple filler layers provide attachment sites for microorganisms in the reaction zone 5; each filler layer includes a partition 8, a cross bar 13 arranged on the partition 8, and a filler arranged on the cross bar 13. A cross bar 13 with a width of 9 to 11 mm is fixed horizontally on the partition 8, and dense ball ring filler is fixed to the cross bar 13 by knotting fiber ropes, which significantly increases the amount of microbial attachment. The sewage enters the reaction zone 5 through the sewage inlet pipe 11 at the bottom. After being treated by the multi-stage packing layer, the top outlet pipe 12 discharges the biogas. A three-phase separator 10 is installed in the gas-water separation zone 4, which extends to the top outlet of the gas chamber 3 to achieve efficient separation of gas, liquid and solid phases.

[0033] Furthermore, an annular groove 7 with an L-shaped cross-section is installed on the inner wall of the reaction zone 5 by welding or bolting. The depth and width of the groove 7 are both 29 to 31 mm, which precisely matches the L-shaped edge of the polyethylene partition 8. After the partition 8 is inserted into the groove 7, its height is consistent with the groove depth, ensuring that the partition 8 is horizontally fixed in the reaction zone 5. The material of the groove 7 is preferably corrosion-resistant stainless steel or high-strength plastic, with a smooth surface to reduce water flow resistance. At the same time, the L-shaped structural design of the groove 7 enhances the impact resistance of the partition 8 and prevents displacement caused by water flow fluctuations.

[0034] Furthermore, the L-shaped cross-section design of the slot 7 not only provides stable support, but also optimizes the installation accuracy of the partition 8. The depth and width tolerances of the slot 7 are controlled within ±1mm to ensure that the partition 8 fits tightly against the inner wall of the reaction zone 5 after insertion. For example, when the depth of the slot 7 is 30mm, the thickness of the L-shaped edge of the partition 8 is also designed to be 30mm. The two can form a gapless connection after cooperation, avoiding short-circuiting of water from the gap. In addition, the slots 7 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the reaction zone 5, and the spacing is adjusted according to the number of partition layers, usually 200 to 300mm apart per layer, to balance the biological attachment area and hydraulic retention time of the filler layer.

[0035] Furthermore, on each layer of partition 8, a cross bar 13 with a width of 9 to 11 mm is arranged horizontally. The cross bar 13 is made of polyethylene, the same material as the partition 8, and is fixed to the surface of the partition by hot melting or bolts. The cross bars 13 are evenly distributed along the radial direction of the partition 8, with a spacing of 50 to 80 mm. Water flow channels are formed between adjacent cross bars 13 to optimize the hydraulic distribution in the reaction zone 5. The dense ball ring packing is fixed to the cross bar 13 by fiber rope. Each cross bar 13 can fix 3 to 5 rows of packing. The porosity of the packing is controlled at 80% to 85% to take into account both microbial attachment and water flow. The width of the cross bar 13 is designed to be slightly smaller than the width of the slot 7 to avoid interference with the inner wall of the slot during installation.

[0036] Furthermore, the dense ball ring packing is made of high-density polyethylene, with an outer diameter of 25-30 mm and an inner diameter of 10-15 mm. Its surface has a microporous structure to increase the specific surface area. The packing layer thickness is 100-150 mm. The packing amount on each layer of partition 8 is adjusted according to the processing load, typically 20-30 kg of packing per cubic meter of reaction zone volume. The packing is stacked in a staggered arrangement to prevent water from flowing straight through. At the same time, the packing is tied to the crossbar 13 with fiber ropes such as nylon rope or polyester rope, with a spacing of 50-100 mm to ensure that the packing remains stable under the impact of high-speed water flow.

[0037] Furthermore, the fiber rope has a diameter of 2-3 mm and a tensile strength of no less than 500 N. It is secured using a double knot: first, the fiber rope is wrapped around the crossbar 13 and tied, then the filler is connected to the rope in series, and finally, knotted at both ends to reinforce the filler. This method prevents the filler from falling out due to long-term operation or water erosion. The fiber rope material must be resistant to acid and alkali corrosion and avoid degradation in anaerobic environments. For example, using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-coated nylon rope can significantly extend its service life.

[0038] Furthermore, vertical rods 9 are vertically provided at the center of the adjacent partitions 8, and the vertical rods 9 are used to reinforce the partitions 8. The vertical rods 9 are stainless steel round rods with a diameter of 10 to 12 mm, and their two ends are fixed to the top and bottom frames of the reaction zone 5 by threaded connection or welding. A through hole is reserved at the center of each layer of partition 8, and the hole diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the vertical rod 9, such as a 12 mm hole with a 10 mm rod, to ensure that the partition 8 can slide up and down along the vertical rod 9 to adjust its position. During installation, the partitions 8 are sequentially inserted into the vertical rods 9 and fixed in the slots 7. Finally, the layers of partitions 8 are tightened by locking nuts or clamps to form an overall stable structure to prevent shaking between the partition layers.

[0039] Furthermore, the sludge sedimentation zone 6, the reaction zone 5, the air chamber 3 and the gas-water separation zone 4 are connected by a flange 2. The material of the flange 2 is carbon steel lined with plastic or fiberglass. The flange surface is provided with an annular sealing groove and embedded with a rubber gasket. The bolt hole spacing is 50 to 80 mm, and M12 to M16 stainless steel bolts are used for fastening. For example, the outer diameter of the flange 2 between the reaction zone 5 and the gas-water separation zone 4 is 800 mm to adapt to the reactor diameter. It is evenly tightened by 8 to 12 M14 bolts to ensure the sealing of the connection. The detachable design of the flange 2 allows the user to increase or decrease the number of modules of the reaction zone 5 according to the processing scale. For example, by adding 2 to 3 reaction zone modules, the volume can be increased from 50m 3 Extended to 150m 3 .

[0040] Furthermore, the partition 8 is made of high-density polyethylene HDPE sheet with a thickness of 8 to 10 mm. The surface is sandblasted to increase the roughness and promote the formation of microbial film. Polyethylene material has the characteristics of acid and alkali resistance and biological corrosion resistance, and is suitable for long-term immersion in anaerobic environment. The edge of the partition 8 is processed into an L-shaped structure, which matches the L-shaped cross-section of the slot 7. When installing, the partition 8 only needs to be slid into the slot 7 to complete the fixation. The number of grades of the partition 8 can be dynamically adjusted according to the COD load of the influent. For example, when the COD load is 15kg / (m 3 d), set up 4 to 5 layers of partitions; increase the load to 25kg / (m 3 d), the number of layers can be increased to 6 to 8 to prolong the contact time between sewage and filler.

[0041] Furthermore, the gas-water separation zone 4 is connected to the air chamber 3 through a three-phase separator 10. The three-phase separator 10 consists of an inclined guide plate, an air collecting hood and a sludge discharge pipe, and its top extends to the top outlet of the air chamber 3. The guide plate has an inclination angle of 55° to 60°, which guides the biogas to rise to the air chamber 3, while allowing the sludge particles to slide down along the guide plate to the sludge sedimentation area 6. The air collecting hood has a conical structure, and the diameter of the hood opening is consistent with the outlet of the air chamber 3 to ensure smooth discharge of biogas. The material of the three-phase separator 10 is 316L stainless steel, and the surface is coated with an anti-corrosion coating to resist erosion by corrosive gases such as hydrogen sulfide. For example, when treating pharmaceutical wastewater, the guide plate thickness of the three-phase separator 10 is designed to be 3mm, and the structural strength is improved by reinforcing ribs to cope with the impact load of high concentrations of organic matter.

[0042] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. An anaerobic reactor with multi-stage filler biofilm, characterized in that: include: An anaerobic reactor body, a sludge sedimentation zone, a reaction zone, a gas chamber, and a gas-water separation zone sequentially arranged inside the anaerobic reactor body, an air outlet pipe arranged at the upper end of the anaerobic reactor body, a sewage inlet pipe arranged at the lower end of the anaerobic reactor body, and a three-phase separator arranged in the gas-water separation zone; wherein, Multiple filler layers are layered in the reaction zone, and the multiple filler layers provide attachment locations for microorganisms in the reaction zone; The sludge sedimentation zone is located below the reaction zone and is used to collect and discharge settled sludge.

2. The anaerobic reactor with multi-stage filler biofilm according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each packing layer includes: a partition, a crossbar arranged on the partition, and a packing arranged on the crossbar, wherein: The width of the crossbar is 9 to 11 mm; The crossbar is used to fix the filler and maintain and reinforce the partition.

3. The anaerobic reactor with multi-stage filler biofilm as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A card slot is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the reaction zone, wherein: The partition is inserted into the card slot.

4. The anaerobic reactor with multi-stage filler biofilm as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the card slot is L-shaped, the depth of the card slot is 29-31 mm, and the width of the card slot is 29-31 mm.

5. The anaerobic reactor with multi-stage filler biofilm as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The packing is a dense ball ring packing.

6. The anaerobic reactor with multi-stage filler biofilm as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The filler is fixed to the crossbar by fiber ropes.

7. The anaerobic reactor with multi-stage filler biofilm as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A vertical rod is provided between adjacent partitions, wherein: The vertical rod is vertically arranged at the center of the partition; The vertical rods are used to reinforce the partitions.

8. The anaerobic reactor with multi-stage filler biofilm according to claim 1, characterized in that: Flanges are respectively provided on the sludge sedimentation zone, the reaction zone, the air chamber and the gas-water separation zone, and bolts are provided on the flanges. The adjacent sludge sedimentation zones, the reaction zone, the air chamber and the gas-water separation zones are connected through the flanges.

9. The anaerobic reactor with multi-stage filler biofilm as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The separator is a polyethylene separator.

10. The multi-stage filler biofilm anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-water separation zone is communicated with the gas chamber through the three-phase separator, and one end of the three-phase separator extends to the top outlet of the gas chamber.

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