Laser cladding device for repairing columnar surface

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cladding device for cylindrical surface repair, and belongs to the field of laser cladding repair. The device comprises a clamping mechanism used for clamping a cylindrical workpiece, a laser head is connected to the clamping mechanism, a spherical shell is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a discharging pipe, a sphere is rotationally connected into the spherical shell, and a conical gradually-shrinking hole and a conical gradually-expanding hole are formed in the two ends of a through hole respectively; an annular nozzle is fixedly connected to the outer side of the laser emitting end of the body, a jet orifice of the annular nozzle is fixedly connected with a first conical ring, a second conical ring is slidably connected to the outside of the first conical ring, and a third conical ring is slidably connected to the outside of the second conical ring. The second conical ring and the third conical ring sequentially slide down along with the increase of the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece, so that the outlet diameter of the annular nozzle is increased; according to the device, the inert gas flow and the coverage range can be adaptively adjusted according to the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece, and the cladding repair effect is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of laser cladding repair, in particular to a laser cladding device for repairing a columnar surface. BACKGROUND

[0002] A mine hydraulic support is a core supporting device of a fully mechanized coal mining face, and components of the mine hydraulic support are subjected to high pressure, wear and corrosion for a long time in a harsh working condition. In particular, cracks and rust spots are prone to occur on the surface of a column, a jack piston rod and a cylinder barrel of the mine hydraulic support, and the damaged parts need to be polished and cleaned before laser cladding repair.

[0003] The laser cladding technology is widely used in the repair of wear, corrosion or cracks of columnar metal parts of the mine support due to its high efficiency in surface repair. Among them, the coaxial powder feeding laser cladding becomes a mainstream scheme for repairing columnar surfaces because of the advantages of coaxial output of powder and laser beam and adaptability to complex surface repair. The core is to form a stable inert gas atmosphere in the cladding area through the synergistic effect of the inner ring protective gas and the outer ring shielding gas, which can prevent the oxidation of metal powder and the molten pool and avoid defects (such as pores and incomplete fusion) caused by excessive disturbance of the molten pool by airflow.

[0004] However, the existing coaxial powder feeding laser cladding device has the following problems when repairing columnar bodies with different diameters:

[0005] The protective gas coverage range does not match the columnar body diameter

[0006] The diameter difference of the columnar body leads to significant differences in the surface curvature and the size of the cladding area. The small-diameter columnar body (such as a diameter of less than or equal to 50 mm) has a large curvature, and a focused airflow is needed to avoid disturbing the molten pool; the medium-diameter and large-diameter columnar body (such as 50-200 mm and above) needs to expand the gas coverage range to protect a larger cladding area. The outlet diameter of the protective gas nozzle of the existing device is mostly fixed, and cannot be dynamically adjusted with the diameter of the columnar body, which easily causes problems such as excessive diffusion of protective gas for small-diameter workpieces and insufficient coverage of protective gas for large-diameter workpieces, affecting the repair quality.

[0007] The protective gas flow rate is not well coordinated with the nozzle structure

[0008] The protective gas flow rate needs to be matched with the nozzle outlet structure (such as diameter and shape) to form a stable gas curtain. Although the flow rate of the existing device can be manually adjusted, the contraction / diffusion shape of the nozzle outlet is fixed, which makes it difficult to adjust the flow rate to adapt to the needs of columnar bodies with different diameters. For example, when a large outlet nozzle is used for a small-diameter workpiece, even if the flow rate is reduced, the airflow is still prone to form a turbulent flow; when a small outlet nozzle is used for a large-diameter workpiece, the flow rate cannot cover the entire cladding area even if it is increased, causing local oxidation.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a laser cladding device that can automatically adjust the structure and flow of the shielding gas nozzle according to the diameter of the column, so as to achieve efficient and high-quality repair of columnar surfaces of different specifications and improve the level of automation and repair consistency. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser cladding device for columnar surface repair, which solves the problem that the existing device is difficult to adjust the shielding gas spray state according to the diameter of the columnar workpiece.

[0011] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser cladding device for repairing a cylindrical surface, comprising a clamping mechanism for clamping a cylindrical workpiece, the clamping mechanism being connected to a laser head, the laser head comprising a body, a discharge pipe being provided in the middle of the body, a spherical shell being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the discharge pipe, a sphere being rotatably connected within the spherical shell, a through hole being provided in the middle of the sphere, and a tapered gradually shrinking hole and a tapered gradually expanding hole being provided at both ends of the through hole, respectively;

[0012] An annular nozzle is fixedly connected to the outer side of the laser emitting end of the body, and a first cone ring is fixedly connected to the injection port of the annular nozzle. A second cone ring is slidably connected to the outside of the first cone ring, and a third cone ring is slidably connected to the outside of the second cone ring. When the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece increases, the sphere rotates so that the conical gradually expanding hole faces the cylindrical workpiece, and the second cone ring and the third cone ring slide down in sequence as the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece increases, thereby increasing the outlet diameter of the annular nozzle.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of first cylinders arranged in a ring array are fixedly connected to the side wall of the annular nozzle, and output ends of the plurality of first cylinders are commonly connected to the second conical ring.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of second cylinders arranged in a ring array are fixedly connected to the side wall of the annular nozzle, and output ends of the plurality of second cylinders are commonly connected to the third conical ring.

[0015] Preferably, an annular boss is provided at the flared edge of the first cone ring and the second cone ring, and an annular groove cooperating with the annular boss on the first cone ring and the second cone ring is respectively provided on the second cone ring and the third cone ring, so that when the third cone ring moves downward, it can drive the second cone ring to move downward synchronously.

[0016] Preferably, the plurality of first cylinders are commonly connected to a first annular pipe, the plurality of second cylinders are commonly connected to a second annular pipe, and the first annular pipe and the second annular pipe are respectively connected to a first intake pipe and a second intake pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the second air inlet pipe is connected to a vertical pipe, and the vertical pipe and the first air inlet pipe are both connected to an external air compressor;

[0018] The first air inlet pipe is connected to a pressure relief pipe, and the pressure relief pipe is connected to the external space. When high-pressure gas is introduced into the vertical pipe, the first air inlet pipe is connected to the pressure relief pipe.

[0019] Preferably, a vertical rod is slidably connected in the vertical pipe, and the bottom end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected to a limit plate. A push-on three-way valve is provided at the connection portion between the pressure relief pipe and the first air intake pipe. When high-pressure gas is introduced into the vertical pipe, the vertical rod moves downward, so that the vertical pipe is connected to the second air intake pipe, and the limit plate applies pressure on the push-on three-way valve to connect the first air intake pipe with the pressure relief pipe, so that the multiple first cylinders can freely extend and retract.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom end of the vertical pipe is fixedly connected to a limiting ring, and a tension spring is connected between the limiting ring and the limiting plate.

[0021] Preferably, an N-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the second conical ring, a rack is fixedly connected to the N-shaped frame, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the sphere, and a gear meshing with the rack is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0022] Preferably, the limit plate and the pressure-bearing portion of the three-way push valve are both connected with magnets, and the two magnets are magnetically attracted to each other.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention pre-sets diameter reference values ​​D1 and D2 by obtaining the diameter D of the clamped cylindrical workpiece; when D is less than D1, neither the second cone ring nor the third cone ring moves downward, at which time the diameter of the annular nozzle is equal to the maximum diameter of the first cone ring, and at the same time the tapered hole in the sphere faces the workpiece, the inner ring protective gas is ejected through the tapered hole, and the outer ring shielding gas is ejected through the annular nozzle, at which time the flow rate of the inert gas is low; when D is greater than D1 and less than D2, only the second cone ring moves downward, at which time the diameter of the annular nozzle is equal to the maximum diameter of the second cone ring, and at the same time the inner ring shielding gas is ejected through the tapered hole. The tapered gradually expanding hole faces the cylindrical workpiece, and the inner ring shielding gas is ejected through the tapered gradually expanding hole. At this time, the flow rate of the inert gas is moderate; when D is greater than D2, the tapered gradually expanding hole in the sphere faces the cylindrical workpiece, and the second cone ring and the third cone ring both move downward. At this time, the diameter of the annular nozzle is equal to the maximum diameter of the third cone ring, and the outer ring shielding gas is ejected through the tapered gradually expanding hole to adapt to the cylindrical workpiece with a larger diameter. At this time, the flow rate of the inert gas is higher; the device can adaptively adjust the inert gas flow rate and coverage range according to the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece to ensure the effect of cladding repair. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting frame of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the sphere of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the body of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vertical rod of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 100, bottom plate; 110, mounting frame; 120, hydraulic rod; 130, roller; 140, mounting hole; 200, robotic arm; 210, body; 300, discharge pipe; 310, spherical shell; 320, sphere; 330, through hole; 331, tapered gradually shrinking hole; 332, tapered gradually expanding hole; 340, rotating shaft; 350, gear; 400, annular nozzle; 410, first cone ring; 420, Second conical ring; 421, first cylinder; 422, first annular tube; 423, N-shaped frame; 424, rack; 430, third conical ring; 431, second cylinder; 432, second annular tube; 440, second air intake pipe; 441, vertical tube; 442, vertical rod; 443, limit plate; 444, limit ring; 445, tension spring; 450, first air intake pipe; 451, pressure relief pipe; 452, press three-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Reference Figures 1-6The embodiment provides a technical scheme: a kind of laser cladding device for cylindrical surface repair, it includes the clamping mechanism for clamping columnar workpiece, clamping mechanism is connected with laser head, laser head includes body 210, the middle part of body 210 is provided with discharge pipe 300, the bottom end of discharge pipe 300 is fixedly connected with spherical shell 310, spherical shell 310 is rotatably connected with sphere 320 in, the middle part of sphere 320 is provided with through hole 330, and the both ends of through hole 330 are provided with tapered hole 331 and tapered hole 332 of gradually expanding respectively;The outside of the laser emission end of body 210 is fixedly connected with annular nozzle 400, and the injection port of annular nozzle 400 is fixedly connected with first tapered ring 410, first tapered ring 410 is slidably connected with second tapered ring 420 outside, second tapered ring 420 is slidably connected with third tapered ring 430 outside, when the diameter of columnar workpiece increases, sphere 320 rotates to make tapered hole 332 of gradually expanding towards columnar workpiece, and second tapered ring 420 and third tapered ring 430 slide down in turn with the diameter of columnar workpiece increases, to increase the outlet diameter of annular nozzle 400.

[0034] The clamping mechanism includes a base plate 100, two mounting brackets 110 are symmetrically connected to the base plate 100, mounting holes 140 are formed in the two mounting brackets 110, the two mounting holes 140 are coaxially arranged, three hydraulic rods 120 are annularly arranged around the mounting holes 140 on the mounting brackets 110, rollers 130 are rotatably connected to the output ends of the three hydraulic rods 120, the axes of the rollers 130 are parallel to the axes of the mounting holes 140, displacement sensors are further arranged on the hydraulic rods 120, a mechanical arm 200 is installed on the base plate 100, and the body 210 is installed on the mechanical arm 200.

[0035] The columnar workpiece to be repaired by laser cladding is inserted into the two mounting holes 140, the control system controls all the hydraulic rods 120 to synchronously shorten the same distance, so that the columnar workpiece is clamped in the mounting holes 140 and coaxially arranged with the mounting holes 140, when the hydraulic rods 120 are elongated, the control system obtains the elongation distance of the hydraulic rods 120 through the displacement sensors, and then the diameter D of the clamped columnar workpiece can be obtained by subtracting the elongation distance of the hydraulic rods 120 from the radius of the mounting holes 140, and the diameter reference values D1 and D2 are set in advance.

[0036] When D is less than D1, the second tapered ring 420 and the third tapered ring 430 are not moved downward, at this time, the diameter of the annular nozzle 400 is equal to the maximum diameter of the first tapered ring 410, and the tapered hole 331 in the sphere 320 faces the workpiece, the inner circle of the protective gas is sprayed out through the tapered hole 331, and the outer circle of the shielding gas is sprayed out through the annular nozzle 400, at this time, the flow rate of the inert gas is low.

[0037] When D is greater than D1 and less than D2, only the second tapered ring 420 moves downward. At this time, the diameter of the annular nozzle 400 is equal to the maximum diameter of the second tapered ring 420. At the same time, the tapered gradually expanding hole 332 in the sphere 320 faces the cylindrical workpiece, and the inner ring shielding gas is ejected through the tapered gradually expanding hole 332. At this time, the flow rate of the inert gas is moderate.

[0038] When D is greater than D2, the tapered gradually expanding hole 332 in the sphere 320 faces the cylindrical workpiece, and the second tapered ring 420 and the third tapered ring 430 both move downward. At this time, the diameter of the annular nozzle 400 is equal to the maximum diameter of the third tapered ring 430, and the outer ring shielding gas is ejected through the tapered gradually expanding hole 332 to accommodate the cylindrical workpiece with a larger diameter. At this time, the flow rate of the inert gas is higher;

[0039] In the above, when D is less than D1, the inner ring protective gas flow rate is 4-6L / min, and the outer ring shielding gas flow rate is 4-6L / min; when D is greater than D1 and less than D2, the inner ring protective gas flow rate is 6-10L / min, and the outer ring shielding gas flow rate is 6-10L / min; when D is greater than D2, the inner ring protective gas flow rate is 7-10L / min, and the outer ring shielding gas flow rate is 8-15L / min;

[0040] Among them, the diameter of the tapered gradually shrinking hole 331 can be set to 6-8mm, and the diameter of the tapered gradually expanding hole 332 can be set to 10-15mm. The diameters of the first cone ring 410, the second cone ring 420 and the third cone ring 430 used to expand the outer ring shielding gas are expanded in sequence. The diameters of the three cone rings can be set according to welding requirements.

[0041] In this embodiment, the metal powder used for cladding can be output through the discharge pipe 300, and the laser is set at the periphery of the discharge pipe 300 and refracted to converge on the position where the metal powder is released onto the cylindrical workpiece (it should be noted here that the fact that the laser emitter is not shown in the figure does not mean that the device does not have a laser emitter. The improvement of the device lies in automatically adjusting the appropriate protector flow rate and coverage range according to the size of the cylindrical workpiece. The remaining unmentioned components are the same as those of the existing device, or their positions are slightly adjusted to adapt to the installation of the various components mentioned in the device).

[0042] Through the above settings, when the workpiece diameter is small, a lower gas flow rate and range are used to avoid turbulence after airflow diffusion. When the workpiece diameter is moderate, a medium gas flow rate and range are used to balance the protection range and impact force. When the workpiece diameter is large, a larger gas flow rate and range are used to focus on strengthening the coverage of the outer ring air curtain to ensure the welding effect of different cylindrical workpieces.

[0043] A plurality of first cylinders 421 arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the side wall of the annular nozzle 400 , and output ends of the plurality of first cylinders 421 are commonly connected to the second cone ring 420 .

[0044] By controlling the synchronous and equidistant extension and contraction of the plurality of first cylinders 421 , the second cone ring 420 can be controlled to rise and fall, so as to change the nozzle diameter of the annular nozzle 400 .

[0045] A plurality of second cylinders 431 arranged in an annular array are fixedly connected to the side wall of the annular nozzle 400 , and output ends of the plurality of second cylinders 431 are commonly connected to the third cone ring 430 .

[0046] By controlling the synchronous and equidistant extension and contraction of the plurality of second cylinders 431 , the third cone ring 430 can be controlled to rise and fall, so as to change the nozzle diameter of the annular nozzle 400 .

[0047] Annular bosses are provided at the flared edges of the first cone ring 410 and the second cone ring 420, and annular grooves that cooperate with the annular bosses on the first cone ring 410 and the second cone ring 420 are respectively opened on the second cone ring 420 and the third cone ring 430, so that when the third cone ring 430 moves downward, it can drive the second cone ring 420 to move downward synchronously.

[0048] The setting of the annular boss ensures that each cone ring will not move down after it abuts against the corresponding boss after moving down, ensuring that the inert gas will not leak out of the connection between the cone rings, so that the inert gas can be blown correctly to the cladding part of the cylindrical workpiece;

[0049] In addition, when it is detected that the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece is large, the second cylinder 431 extends and drives the third cone ring 430 to move downward. The third cone ring 430 can drive the second cone ring 420 to move downward synchronously through the boss, thereby eliminating the need to control the extension of the first cylinder 421.

[0050] The first cylinders 421 are connected to a first annular pipe 422 . The second cylinders 431 are connected to a second annular pipe 432 . The first annular pipe 422 and the second annular pipe 432 are connected to a first intake pipe 450 and a second intake pipe 440 , respectively.

[0051] The first annular pipe 422 and the second annular pipe 432 are branch pipes of the first intake pipe 450 and the second intake pipe 440 respectively. Diverter valves are provided at the connection parts between the first annular pipe 422 and the second annular pipe 432 and the corresponding cylinders to ensure that the amount of gas flowing in each cylinder is equal, thereby ensuring that multiple cylinders can be expanded and contracted synchronously and equidistantly.

[0052] The second air inlet pipe 440 is connected to a vertical pipe 441, and both the vertical pipe 441 and the first air inlet pipe 450 are connected to an external air compressor; the first air inlet pipe 450 is connected to a pressure relief pipe 451, and the pressure relief pipe 451 is connected to the external space. When high-pressure gas is introduced into the vertical pipe 441, the first air inlet pipe 450 is connected to the pressure relief pipe 451.

[0053] When the third cone ring 430 is controlled to move downward, the second cylinder 431 extends. At this time, the high-pressure gas flows into the second air intake pipe 440 through the vertical pipe 441. At the same time, the pressure relief pipe 451 is connected to the first air intake pipe 450, so that the first cylinder 421 can freely expand and contract, thereby ensuring that the third cone ring 430 can drive the second cone ring 420 to move downward when it moves downward.

[0054] A vertical rod 442 is slidably connected in the vertical pipe 441, and the bottom end of the vertical rod 442 is fixedly connected to a limit plate 443. A pressing three-way valve 452 is provided at the connection between the pressure relief pipe 451 and the first air inlet pipe 450. When high-pressure gas is introduced into the vertical pipe 441, the vertical rod 442 moves downward, so that the vertical pipe 441 is connected to the second air inlet pipe 440, and the limit plate 443 applies pressure on the pressing three-way valve 452 to make the first air inlet pipe 450 connected to the pressure relief pipe 451, so that the multiple first cylinders 421 can freely expand and contract.

[0055] When high-pressure gas is introduced into the vertical pipe 441, the air pressure drives the vertical rod 442 to move downward. At this time, the limit plate 443 at the bottom end of the vertical rod 442 can contact and apply pressure to the pressing three-way valve 452, so that the pressing three-way valve 452 is operated, so that the first air inlet pipe 450 is connected with the pressure relief pipe 451. The pressing three-way valve 452 can be set to an electromagnetic drive type, and the pressure-sensitive switch that controls the pressing three-way valve 452 is set at the pressure position after the limit plate 443 moves downward. When the limit plate 443 applies pressure on the pressure-sensitive switch, the pressing three-way valve 452 is operated, and the first air inlet pipe 450 can be connected with the pressure relief pipe 451.

[0056] The bottom end of the vertical tube 441 is fixedly connected to a limit ring 444 , and a tension spring 445 is connected between the limit ring 444 and the limit plate 443 .

[0057] In the initial state, the tension spring 445 applies tension to the limit plate 443, so that the vertical rod 442 can move upward in the vertical tube 441, so that the limit plate 443 does not press the three-way valve 452 at this time, ensuring that the first cylinder 421 is driven by the air compressor to retract normally.

[0058] The second cone ring 420 is fixedly connected to an N-shaped frame 423 , the N-shaped frame 423 is fixedly connected to a rack 424 , the sphere 320 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 340 , and the rotating shaft 340 is fixedly connected to a gear 350 meshing with the rack 424 .

[0059] When the diameter of the workpiece increases, the spray range of the inner ring protective gas and the outer ring shielding gas needs to be expanded synchronously. When the second conical ring 420 moves downward to expand the range of the outer ring shielding gas, the second conical ring 420 drives the rack 424 to move downward synchronously through the N-shaped frame 423. At this time, the rack 424 drives the gear 350 to rotate, and then the rotating shaft 340 rotates and causes the sphere 320 to rotate. At this time, the conical gradually expanding hole 332 in the sphere 320 can face the workpiece.

[0060] The limiting plate 443 and the pressure-bearing portion of the pressing three-way valve 452 are both connected with magnets, and the two magnets are magnetically attracted to each other.

[0061] To ensure that the second cylinder 431 can be driven to shorten subsequently, when the gas in the second cylinder 431 flows out through the second air inlet pipe 440 and the vertical pipe 441, the limit plate 443 will not move up due to the magnetic force of the magnet. At this time, the second air inlet pipe 440 and the vertical pipe 441 remain connected. When the second cylinder 431 is completely shortened, the negative pressure attracts the vertical rod 442 to move upward, which can enable the limit plate 443 to disengage from the pressing three-way valve 452, and then the first cylinder 421 can be controlled to shorten separately to reset the device.

[0062] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser cladding device for repairing a cylindrical surface, comprising a clamping mechanism for clamping a cylindrical workpiece, wherein a laser head is connected to the clamping mechanism, and wherein: The laser head comprises a body (210), a discharge pipe (300) is provided in the middle of the body (210), a spherical shell (310) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the discharge pipe (300), a spherical body (320) is rotatably connected inside the spherical shell (310), a through hole (330) is provided in the middle of the spherical body (320), and a tapered gradually shrinking hole (331) and a tapered gradually expanding hole (332) are respectively provided at both ends of the through hole (330); An annular nozzle (400) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the laser emitting end of the body (210), a first cone ring (410) is fixedly connected to the injection port of the annular nozzle (400), a second cone ring (420) is slidably connected to the outside of the first cone ring (410), and a third cone ring (430) is slidably connected to the outside of the second cone ring (420). When the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece increases, the sphere (320) rotates so that the tapered gradually expanding hole (332) faces the cylindrical workpiece, and the second cone ring (420) and the third cone ring (430) slide down in sequence as the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece increases, thereby increasing the outlet diameter of the annular nozzle (400).

2. The laser cladding device for columnar surface repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first cylinders (421) arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the side wall of the annular nozzle (400), and the output ends of the plurality of first cylinders (421) are commonly connected to the second cone ring (420).

3. The laser cladding device for columnar surface repair according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of second cylinders (431) arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the side wall of the annular nozzle (400), and the output ends of the plurality of second cylinders (431) are commonly connected to the third cone ring (430).

4. The laser cladding device for columnar surface repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular boss is provided at the flared edge of the first cone ring (410) and the second cone ring (420), and an annular groove that cooperates with the annular boss on the first cone ring (410) and the second cone ring (420) is respectively opened on the second cone ring (420) and the third cone ring (430), so that when the third cone ring (430) moves downward, it can drive the second cone ring (420) to move downward synchronously.

5. The laser cladding device for columnar surface repair according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of first cylinders (421) are commonly connected to a first annular pipe (422), the plurality of second cylinders (431) are commonly connected to a second annular pipe (432), and the first annular pipe (422) and the second annular pipe (432) are respectively connected to a first intake pipe (450) and a second intake pipe (440).

6. The laser cladding device for columnar surface repair according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second air inlet pipe (440) is connected to a vertical pipe (441), and both the vertical pipe (441) and the first air inlet pipe (450) are connected to an external air compressor; The first air inlet pipe (450) is connected to a pressure relief pipe (451), and the pressure relief pipe (451) is connected to the external space. When high-pressure gas is introduced into the vertical pipe (441), the first air inlet pipe (450) is connected to the pressure relief pipe (451).

7. The laser cladding device for columnar surface repair according to claim 6, characterized in that: A vertical rod (442) is slidably connected in the vertical pipe (441), and the bottom end of the vertical rod (442) is fixedly connected to a limiting plate (443). A pressing three-way valve (452) is provided at the connection portion between the pressure relief pipe (451) and the first air intake pipe (450). When high-pressure gas is introduced into the vertical pipe (441), the vertical rod (442) moves downward, thereby connecting the vertical pipe (441) with the second air intake pipe (440), and the limiting plate (443) applies pressure to the pressing three-way valve (452), so that the first air intake pipe (450) is connected to the pressure relief pipe (451), so that the plurality of first cylinders (421) can freely expand and contract.

8. The laser cladding device for columnar surface repair according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom end of the vertical pipe (441) is fixedly connected to a limiting ring (444), and a tension spring (445) is connected between the limiting ring (444) and the limiting plate (443).

9. The laser cladding device for columnar surface repair according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The second cone ring (420) is fixedly connected to an N-shaped frame (423), the N-shaped frame (423) is fixedly connected to a rack (424), the sphere (320) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (340), and the rotating shaft (340) is fixedly connected to a gear (350) meshing with the rack (424).

10. The laser cladding device for columnar surface repair according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting plate (443) and the pressure-bearing parts of the pressing three-way valve (452) are both connected to magnets, and the two magnets are magnetically attracted to each other.

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