Iterative polyester fabric dyeing method based on electrostatic spinning technology

Abstract

The invention discloses an iterative polyester fabric dyeing method based on an electrostatic spinning technology, and belongs to the field of spinning. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing an electrostatic spinning solution containing basic dye; uniformly spraying the color-loaded spinning solution to the surface of the iterative polyester fabric through an electrostatic spinning technology; and finally, carrying out color fixation treatment through open-width steaming to obtain the iterative polyester fabric dyed by the basic dye. The dyeing method greatly reduces the use of water resources and chemicals, is a novel dyeing and finishing technology with no dyeing and low dyeing, and has important significance for promoting the green and high-quality development of the textile printing and dyeing industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an iterative polyester fabric dyeing method based on electrostatic spinning technology, and belongs to the field of textiles. Background Art

[0002] With global environmental issues becoming increasingly serious, green and sustainable development has become a common focus across all industries. The traditional textile printing and dyeing industry generates significant amounts of wastewater, causing serious environmental pollution. Therefore, the development of new, "dye-free" and "low-dye" dyeing and finishing technologies holds great market potential, promising to minimize the use of water and chemicals.

[0003] Iterated polyester is an upgraded polyester product, primarily comprising two varieties: atmospheric pressure disperse dyeable iterated polyester and cationic dyeable iterated polyester. Cationic dyeable iterated polyester refers to a modified polyester dyeable with cationic dyes created by introducing sulfonic acid, carboxyl, and other groups during the conventional polyester polymerization process. This iterated polyester exhibits excellent flexibility, hydrophilicity, and dyeing properties, making it widely used in sportswear, home furnishings, industrial textiles, and other fields.

[0004] Currently, the main dyeing methods for cationic dyeable iterative polyester are traditional water-bath dyeing and organic solvent dyeing. Traditional water-bath dyeing uses water as the dyeing medium, dyeing the fiber under high temperature and high pressure. This process not only consumes a large amount of water resources but also produces a large amount of difficult-to-treat dye wastewater. Organic solvent dyeing uses organic solvents instead of water as the dyeing medium, dyeing the fiber by swelling the fiber and reducing dye aggregation. This method saves water significantly, but the solvent cost is high and requires supporting sophisticated recovery equipment, making industrialization difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0005] [Technical Issues]

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing iterative polyester dyeing technology process produces a large amount of dye wastewater, and has problems such as high solvent cost and difficulty in recovery.

[0007] [Technical solution]

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention first prepares an electrospinning solution containing basic dyes; then uses electrospinning technology to evenly spray the color-carrying spinning solution onto the surface of the iterative polyester fabric; finally, it is fixed by open-width steaming to obtain the iterative polyester fabric dyed with basic dyes.

[0009] The present invention provides an iterative polyester fabric dyeing method based on electrospinning technology, comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) Preparation of electrospinning solution:

[0011] Basic dye, polyvinyl pyrrolidone powder and glacial acetic acid are added into a solvent and stirred to obtain a color-carrying electrospinning solution;

[0012] (2) Iterative electrospinning dyeing process of polyester fabric:

[0013] The color-carrying electrospinning solution is uniformly sprayed onto the surface of an iterative polyester fabric by electrospinning technology to obtain a dyed iterative polyester fabric; wherein the iterative polyester fabric is a cationic dyeable polyester (CDP) or a low-temperature cationic dyeable polyester (ECDP);

[0014] (3) Color fixing treatment:

[0015] The dyed iterative polyester fabric is subjected to a color fixing treatment by open-width steaming to obtain the iterative polyester fabric dyed with basic dyes.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the color-carrying electrospinning solution described in step (1), the mass fraction of the basic dye is 1 to 10%; the mass fraction of polyvinyl pyrrolidone is 0.5 to 10%; the pH of the spinning solution is 1 to 6; and the solvent is one or more of water, methanol, ethanol, and N,N-dimethylformamide.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the basic dye described in step (1) is one or more of cationic yellow X-6G, basic violet 5BN, cationic red GTL, cationic blue X-GRRL, cationic yellow X-8GL, cationic red 6B, cationic blue RL, cationic yellow 28, cationic red 46, cationic blue FGL, cationic black X-2BL, cationic orange G, cationic violet 3R, cationic green 5GL, cationic brown A, and cationic red X-GRL.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the glacial acetic acid in step (1) can be replaced by one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, citric acid and buffer solutions thereof.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the molecular weight of the polyvinyl pyrrolidone in step (1) is 58,000 to 1.3 million.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the iterative polyester fabric in step (2) is a woven fabric, a knitted fabric or a non-woven fabric.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the iterative polyester fabric raw material in step (2) is 100% cationic dyeable polyester (CDP) or 100% low temperature cationic dyeable polyester (ECDP).

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the electrospinning process parameters described in step (2) are: temperature of 20-40°C, humidity of 30-80%, positive spinning voltage of 10-50kV, negative spinning voltage of -10-0kV, feed rate of 1-10mL / h, distance between spinneret and collecting device of 10-20cm, and mass ratio of amount of spinning solution to iterative polyester fabric of 0.1-1:1.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the open-width steaming process parameters in step (3) are: temperature of 100-130° C., and time of 30-90 min.

[0024] The present invention provides iterative polyester fabric dyed with basic dyes prepared by the above method.

[0025] [Beneficial Effects]

[0026] This invention proposes for the first time an iterative polyester dyeing method based on electrospinning technology. By spraying an electrospun fiber membrane containing alkaline dyes onto the iterative polyester surface, the dye is transferred from the fiber membrane to the polyester fiber, thereby minimizing the use of water and dyeing auxiliaries. This constructs a new "dye-free, low-dyeing" green dyeing and finishing technology, which is of great significance to promoting the green and high-quality development of the textile printing and dyeing industry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Test method:

[0028] 1. Dye uptake test:

[0029] The K / S value of the dyed polyester fabric sample was determined using a Datacolor 800 colorimeter. Four measurements were taken at different locations and the average value was taken. The standard curve of the cationic yellow X-6G solution (solvent: water) was measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer and was y = 0.0491x - 0.0126. Where x is the dye concentration (g / L) and y is the absorbance. The dyed polyester fabric was repeatedly soaked and washed with deionized water until the filtrate was clear. The filtrate was collected, the filtrate volume (V, L) was weighed, and the absorbance (A) of the filtrate was measured. The undyed dye mass (m1) was calculated using formula (1), and the dye uptake (e) was calculated using formula (2).

[0030]

[0031] Where: m0 is the mass of dye in the spinning solution (g); m1 is the mass of undyed dye (g).

[0032] 2. Color fastness test:

[0033] The color fastness to washing was tested in accordance with GB3921-2008 “Textiles—Tests for Color Fastness—Color Fastness to Washing with Soap”.

[0034] The color fastness to rubbing is tested in accordance with GB3920-2008 “Textiles—Tests for color fastness—Color fastness to rubbing”.

[0035] The molecular weight of polyvinyl pyrrolidone used in the following examples is 1.3 million.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] An iterative polyester dyeing method based on electrospinning technology comprises the following steps:

[0038] (1) Preparation of electrospinning solution:

[0039] Cationic yellow X-6G dye, polyvinyl pyrrolidone powder, and glacial acetic acid were added to deionized water and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours to obtain a color-carrying electrospinning solution; wherein the mass fractions of cationic yellow X-6G were 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5%, respectively; the mass fraction of polyvinyl pyrrolidone powder was 1%; and the pH of the spinning solution was 4.

[0040] (2) Iterative electrospinning dyeing process of polyester fabric:

[0041] 10g of iterative polyester fabric was fixed on a receiving roller, and the color-carrying spinning solution was evenly sprayed onto the surface of the iterative polyester fabric by adjusting the electrospinning parameters to obtain a dyed iterative polyester fabric; wherein the iterative polyester fabric used was cationic dyeable polyester (CDP); the electrospinning temperature was 25°C, the humidity was 40%, the positive voltage was 30kV, the negative voltage was 0kV, the feed rate was 8mL / h, and the distance between the spinneret and the receiving roller was 15cm; the mass ratio of the color-carrying spinning solution to the iterative polyester fabric was 0.2:1.

[0042] (3) Color fixing treatment:

[0043] The dyed iterative polyester fabric was steamed at 110° C. for 60 min for color fixation to obtain an iterative polyester fabric dyed with cationic yellow X-6G.

[0044] The obtained dyed polyester fabric was subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in Table 1:

[0045] Table 1 Dyeing properties of fabrics with different dye mass fractions

[0046]

[0047] Example 2

[0048] An iterative polyester dyeing method based on electrospinning technology comprises the following steps:

[0049] (1) Preparation of electrospinning solution:

[0050] Cationic yellow X-6G dye, polyvinyl pyrrolidone powder, and glacial acetic acid were added to deionized water and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours to obtain a color-carrying electrospinning solution; wherein the mass fraction of cationic yellow X-6G was 2%; the mass fractions of polyvinyl pyrrolidone powder were 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9%; and the pH of the spinning solution was 4.

[0051] (2) Iterative electrospinning dyeing process of polyester fabric:

[0052] 10g of iterative polyester fabric was fixed on a receiving roller, and the color-carrying spinning solution was evenly sprayed onto the surface of the iterative polyester fabric by adjusting the electrospinning parameters to obtain a dyed iterative polyester fabric; wherein the iterative polyester fabric used was cationic dyeable polyester (CDP); the electrospinning temperature was 25°C, the humidity was 40%, the positive voltage was 30kV, the negative voltage was 0kV, the feed rate was 8mL / h, and the distance between the spinneret and the receiving roller was 15cm; the mass ratio of the color-carrying spinning solution to the iterative polyester fabric was 0.2:1.

[0053] (3) Color fixing treatment:

[0054] The dyed iterative polyester fabric was steamed at 110° C. for 60 min for color fixation to obtain an iterative polyester fabric dyed with cationic yellow X-6G.

[0055] The obtained dyed polyester fabric was subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in Table 2:

[0056] Table 2 Effect of different polyvinyl pyrrolidone mass fractions on the dyeing properties of fabrics

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] Example 3

[0060] An iterative polyester dyeing method based on electrospinning technology comprises the following steps:

[0061] (1) Preparation of electrospinning solution:

[0062] Cationic yellow X-6G dye, polyvinyl pyrrolidone powder, and glacial acetic acid were added to deionized water and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours to obtain a color-carrying electrospinning solution; wherein the mass fraction of cationic yellow X-6G was 2%; the mass fraction of polyvinyl pyrrolidone powder was 1%; the spinning solution pH = 2, 4, 6.

[0063] (2) Iterative electrospinning dyeing process of polyester fabric:

[0064] 10 g of the iterative polyester fabric was fixed on the receiving roller, and the color-loaded spinning solution was uniformly sprayed onto the surface of the iterative polyester fabric by adjusting the electrospinning parameters to obtain the dyed iterative polyester fabric; wherein the used iterative polyester fabric was cationic dyeable polyester (CDP); the electrospinning temperature was 25℃, the humidity was 40%, the positive voltage was 30 kV, the negative voltage was 0 kV, the feeding speed was 8 mL / h, the distance between the spinneret and the receiving roller was 15 cm; the mass ratio of the amount of the color-loaded spinning solution to the mass of the iterative polyester fabric was 0.2:1.

[0065] (3) Fixation treatment:

[0066] The dyed iterative polyester fabric was subjected to fixation treatment by steaming at 110℃ for 60 min to obtain the iterative polyester fabric dyed with cationic yellow X-6G.

[0067] The obtained dyed polyester fabric was subjected to performance test, and the test results were as shown in Table 3:

[0068] Table 3: Effect of different pH on the dyeing performance of the fabric

[0069]

[0070] Example 4

[0071] An iterative polyester dyeing method based on electrospinning technology, comprising the following steps:

[0072] (1) Preparation of electrospinning solution:

[0073] Cationic yellow X-6G dye, polyvinylpyrrolidone powder and glacial acetic acid were added to deionized water and stirred at room temperature for 12 h to obtain the color-loaded electrospinning solution; wherein the mass fraction of cationic yellow X-6G was 2%; the mass fraction of polyvinylpyrrolidone powder was 1%; the pH of the spinning solution was 4.

[0074] (2) Electrospinning dyeing process of iterative polyester fabric:

[0075] 10 g of the iterative polyester fabric was fixed on the receiving roller, and the color-loaded spinning solution was uniformly sprayed onto the surface of the iterative polyester fabric by adjusting the electrospinning parameters to obtain the dyed iterative polyester fabric; wherein the used iterative polyester fabric was cationic dyeable polyester (CDP); the electrospinning temperature was 25℃, the humidity was 40%, the positive voltage was 30 kV, the negative voltage was 0 kV, the feeding speed was 8 mL / h, the distance between the spinneret and the receiving roller was 15 cm; the mass ratio of the amount of the color-loaded spinning solution to the mass of the iterative polyester fabric was 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5:1.

[0076] (3) Fixation treatment:

[0077] The dyed iterative polyester fabric was steamed at 110° C. for 60 min for color fixation to obtain iterative polyester fabric dyed with basic dyes.

[0078] The obtained dyed polyester fabric was subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in Table 4:

[0079] Table 4 Effect of different spinning solution and fabric mass ratio on fabric dyeing performance

[0080]

[0081] Example 5

[0082] An iterative polyester dyeing method based on electrospinning technology comprises the following steps:

[0083] (1) Preparation of electrospinning solution:

[0084] Cationic yellow X-6G dye, polyvinyl pyrrolidone powder, and glacial acetic acid were added to deionized water and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours to obtain a color-carrying electrospinning solution; wherein the mass fraction of cationic yellow X-6G was 2%; the mass fraction of polyvinyl pyrrolidone powder was 1%; and the pH of the spinning solution was 4.

[0085] (2) Iterative electrospinning dyeing process of polyester fabric:

[0086] 10g of iterative polyester fabric was fixed on a receiving roller, and the color-carrying spinning solution was evenly sprayed onto the surface of the iterative polyester fabric by adjusting the electrospinning parameters to obtain a dyed iterative polyester fabric; wherein, the iterative polyester fabric used was cationic dyeable polyester (CDP); the electrospinning temperature was 25°C, the humidity was 40%, the positive voltage was 30kV, the negative voltage was 0kV, the feed rate was 8mL / h, and the distance between the spinneret and the receiving roller was 15cm; the mass ratio of the color-carrying spinning solution to the iterative polyester fabric was 0.2:1.

[0087] (3) Color fixing treatment:

[0088] The dyed iterative polyester fabric was steamed at 110°C for 30, 60 and 90 min for fixation to obtain iterative polyester fabric dyed with cationic yellow X-6G.

[0089] The obtained dyed polyester fabric was subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in Table 5:

[0090] Table 5 Effect of different steaming times on the dyeing properties of fabrics

[0091]

[0092] Example 6

[0093] The solvent water of the spinning solution in Example 1 was replaced by ethanol, the mass fraction of cationic yellow X-6G was 2%, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 1 to obtain the dyed iterative polyester fabric.

[0094] Comparative Example 1

[0095] The polyvinylpyrrolidone in Example 1 was replaced by polyvinyl alcohol 1788, the mass fraction of cationic yellow X-6G was 2%, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 1 to obtain the dyed iterative polyester fabric.

[0096] Comparative Example 2

[0097] The iterative polyester fabric in Example 1 was replaced by ordinary polyester fabric, the mass fraction of cationic yellow X-6G was 2%, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 1 to obtain the dyed polyester fabric.

[0098] Example 7

[0099] The glacial acetic acid in Example 1 was replaced by hydrochloric acid, the mass fraction of cationic yellow X-6G was 2%, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 1 to obtain the dyed iterative polyester fabric.

[0100] The dyed polyester fabric was subjected to performance testing, and the test results are shown in Table 6.

[0101] Table 6 Performance of the iterative polyester fabric prepared in Examples 6-7 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] According to Table 6, after the polyvinylpyrrolidone in the spinning solution was replaced by polyvinyl alcohol, the dyeing effect of the iterative polyester was significantly reduced, because the polyvinyl alcohol molecular chain contains a large number of hydroxyl groups, which can combine with the basic dye molecules through electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding, thereby inhibiting the transfer of the dye to the fiber; after the cationic dyeable iterative polyester fabric was replaced by ordinary polyester fabric, the dyeing depth and color fastness of the fabric were significantly reduced, because the surface of the ordinary polyester fiber does not contain acidic groups such as sulfonic acid groups or carboxyl groups, and cannot combine with the basic dye molecules through electrostatic adsorption.

[0105] The above examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and the described steps are not intended to limit the execution order. Those skilled in the art can make obvious improvements to the present application based on existing common knowledge, which also falls within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for iteratively dyeing polyester fabrics, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: adding basic dyes and polyvinyl pyrrolidone into a solvent and adjusting the pH to obtain a color-carrying electrostatic spinning solution; uniformly spraying the color-carrying electrostatic spinning solution onto the surface of an iterative polyester fabric through an electrostatic spinning technique to obtain a dyed iterative polyester fabric; and performing a color fixing treatment through open-width steaming to obtain an iterative polyester fabric dyed with a basic dye.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The iterative polyester fabric is cation-dyable polyester or low-temperature cation-dyable polyester.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the color-carrying electrostatic spinning solution, the mass fraction of the basic dye is 1-10%; the mass fraction of polyvinyl pyrrolidone is 0.5-10%; and the pH value of the color-carrying electrostatic spinning solution is 1-6.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The solvent is one or more of water, methanol, ethanol and N,N-dimethylformamide.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The basic dye is one or more of cationic yellow X-6G, basic violet 5BN, cationic red GTL, cationic blue X-GRRL, cationic yellow X-8GL, cationic red 6B, cationic blue RL, cationic yellow 28, cationic red 46, cationic blue FGL, cationic black X-2BL, cationic orange G, cationic violet 3R, cationic green 5GL, cationic brown A, and cationic red X-GRL.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The molecular weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 58,000 to 1.3 million.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The electrospinning process parameters are: temperature of 20-40°C, humidity of 30-80%, positive spinning voltage of 10-50 kV, negative spinning voltage of -10-0 kV, feed rate of 1-10 mL / h, and distance between spinneret and collecting device of 10-20 cm.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the color-carrying electrospinning solution to the iterative polyester fabric is 0.1 to 1:

1.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The process parameters of open-width steaming are: temperature of 100-130°C and time of 30-90 minutes.

10. Iterative polyester fabric dyed with basic dyes prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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