Safe ecological stilling pool for downstream of water conservancy facility

Abstract

The invention discloses a safe ecological stilling pool used for the downstream of a water conservancy facility, and relates to the technical field of water conservancy facilities, the safe ecological stilling pool used for the downstream of the water conservancy facility comprises a riverbed, side walls are arranged on the two sides of the riverbed, and a stilling pool structure is arranged at the position, located on the inner sides of the side walls, of the top of the riverbed; the stilling pool structure comprises a drop wall, a compound stilling sill and a short weir tail sill. The drop wall is arranged on one side of the top of the riverbed. Construction is carried out within a small range of three structural sill sections (a drop wall, a compound baffle sill and a short weir tail sill), a reinforced gabion soft structure and a dry rubble tiled structure are adopted for bottom protection, the absorption basin with a two-stage energy dissipation structure is formed, the structural stability and safety of an upstream main building of the absorption basin are guaranteed, the construction period is shortened, and meanwhile, the construction cost is reduced. A plurality of step-shaped water flow transition areas are arranged at the apron structure, so that the original riverbed ecology is protected to the maximum extent, the fishway construction difficulty and cost are reduced, the safety of an upstream main building is effectively guaranteed, and the ecological balance of a riverway is maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy facilities, and in particular to a safe and ecological stilling pool used downstream of a water conservancy facility. Background Art

[0002] my country's southwest region is rich in hydropower resources. With the rapid development of water conservancy projects and improvements in dam-building technology, an increasing number of high-dam hubs have been built and put into operation. However, rivers in this region generally develop deep overburden, a stratum with poor engineering properties. During the operation of the power station, the downstream riverbed overburden is constantly eroded by clear water, resulting in significant riverbed incision. Long-term sand mining and riverbed erosion in the main riverbed downstream of the power station, coupled with seasonal flooding and the interception of sediment supply by dams, have significantly altered the river's boundary conditions and flow patterns. This has led to an increased water level difference between upstream and downstream of the flood discharge gate, disrupting the smooth flow transition and forming a waterfall at the end of the floodplain. This prevents the formation of a submerged hydraulic jump energy dissipation flow pattern, resulting in inadequate energy dissipation. Operating conditions are worse than originally designed, potentially causing further severe erosion damage and even endangering the safety of the main structures.

[0003] The construction of the existing stilling pond requires pouring a large amount of concrete structure on the top of the riverbed, which poses a pumping problem. However, the construction pumping further aggravates the existing scouring and overhanging in the lower part of the stilling pond, seriously threatening the stability and safety of the stilling pond and the dam, and may even cause the dam to burst. In addition, the construction period is long, and it is difficult to complete the construction in one dry season. At the same time, the fish migration channel in the original downstream river channel is cut off, and the water level difference between the upstream and downstream ends of the stilling pond is increased, which is likely to affect the ecology of the river channel. Extending the fishway requires adding a long detour to a suitable fishway inlet position downstream of the stilling pond, resulting in a sharp increase in the difficulty of technical transformation of the fishway and a substantial increase in investment.

[0004] How to design a stilling pool technology that can ensure the stability and safety of upstream facilities and protect the original riverbed ecology to the greatest extent is the technical problem to be solved by the present invention. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a safe and ecological stilling pool for use downstream of water conservancy facilities, realizing a stilling pool with a two-stage energy dissipation structure. No interception and pumping operations are required during the construction process, thereby ensuring the structural stability and safety of the main building upstream of the stilling pool and shortening the construction period. At the same time, a convenient channel is provided for fish migration, thereby protecting the original riverbed ecology to the greatest extent, reducing the difficulty and cost of fishway construction, and effectively ensuring the safety of the main building upstream and maintaining the ecological balance of the river.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a safe and ecological stilling pool for use downstream of a water conservancy facility, comprising a riverbed, side walls being provided on both sides of the riverbed, and a stilling pool structure being provided on the top of the riverbed, located on the inner sides of the side walls; the stilling pool structure comprises a drop wall, a compound stilling sill and a low weir tail sill; the drop wall is provided on one side of the top of the riverbed, a compound stilling sill is provided on one side of the drop wall, and the low weir tail sill is provided on the side of the compound stilling sill away from the drop wall.

[0007] Preferably, a seepage channel structure is provided inside the drop wall; the seepage channel structure includes a vertical steel mesh, a seepage drainage mesh pad, a transverse steel mesh, a permeable concrete block and a geotextile; the vertical steel mesh is embedded in the drop wall, the seepage drainage mesh pad is provided inside the vertical steel mesh, the transverse steel mesh is provided at the bottom of the vertical steel mesh, the transverse steel mesh is embedded in the drop wall, the permeable concrete block is provided inside the transverse steel mesh, and the outside of the seepage drainage mesh pad and the permeable concrete block is covered with the geotextile.

[0008] Preferably, a drainage structure is provided on the side of the drop wall close to the compound stilling sill; the drainage structure includes drainage holes, concrete pipes, stainless steel mesh covers and fixed anchor bolts; a plurality of drainage holes are provided, which are equidistantly distributed on the side of the drop wall close to the compound stilling sill, a plurality of concrete pipes are provided, which are equidistantly embedded in the drop wall, one end of the concrete pipe close to the compound stilling sill is connected to the drainage hole, and the end of the concrete pipe away from the drainage hole passes through the vertical steel mesh, both ends of the concrete pipe are cooperatively connected with the stainless steel mesh cover, and the stainless steel mesh cover close to the compound stilling sill is fixed to the inner wall of the drainage hole by the fixed anchor bolt.

[0009] Preferably, a guide structure is provided at the top of the drop wall; the guide structure includes a sloped guide platform and a horizontal guide platform; the sloped guide platform is provided at the top of one side of the drop wall close to the compound stilling sill, and the horizontal guide platform is provided at the bottom of the sloped guide platform.

[0010] Preferably, the diversion structure further includes a multi-stage compound section; the multi-stage compound section is arranged on the top of the compound stilling sill.

[0011] Preferably, a stilling pool bottom plate structure is provided at the top of the riverbed; the stilling pool bottom plate structure includes a limiting steel mesh, a gabion mesh, a first dry masonry block stone and a first reinforced stone ridge; the limiting steel mesh is provided at the top of the riverbed on the side where the drop wall and the compound stilling sill are close to each other, the gabion mesh is equidistantly provided inside the limiting steel mesh, the first dry masonry block stone is provided at the top of the riverbed on the side where the compound stilling sill and the low weir tail sill are close to each other, and the first reinforced stone ridge is provided on the side of the first dry masonry block stone away from the compound stilling sill.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the riverbed is located on the side of the first reinforced stone embankment away from the first dry masonry block stone and is provided with an extended ambush structure; the extended ambush structure includes a second dry masonry block stone and a gentle slope; the second dry masonry block stone is arranged at the top of the riverbed on the side of the first reinforced stone embankment away from the first dry masonry block stone, and the top of the second dry masonry block stone is provided with a gentle slope.

[0013] Preferably, an anti-scour structure is provided at the bottom of the second dry masonry block; the anti-scour structure includes a crushed stone layer and a second reinforced stone ridge; the crushed stone layer is laid on the bottom of the first dry masonry block and the second dry masonry block, and a plurality of second reinforced stone ridges are provided, which are evenly distributed inside the second dry masonry block.

[0014] Preferably, stilling piers are equidistantly provided on the side where the compound stilling sill and the short weir tail sill are close to each other, and both ends of the stilling piers are provided with drainage arc surfaces.

[0015] Preferably, grooves are provided on both sides of the top of the energy dissipation pier, and the energy dissipation pier is located inside the grooves and has steel bar hanging rings embedded therein.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention has the following technical effects compared with the existing technology: by carrying out construction in a small range of the three structural sill sections (drop wall, compound energy dissipation sill and low weir tail sill) downstream of the main building, and using reinforced gabion soft structure and dry block stone flat structure for bottom protection, an energy dissipation pool with a two-level energy dissipation structure is formed, and there is no need to perform diversion and pumping operations during the construction process, which can ensure the structural stability and safety of the main building upstream of the energy dissipation pool and shorten the construction period. At the same time, by setting multiple stepped water flow transition zones at the seafloor structure, the drop between the riverbed and the end of the energy dissipation pool can be smoothly transitioned, and the water flow velocity is reduced, thereby providing a convenient channel for fish migration, maximizing the protection of the original riverbed ecology, and helping to reduce the difficulty and cost of fishway construction, which can effectively ensure the safety of the upstream main building and maintain the ecological balance of the river. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of a safe ecological stilling basin for downstream of water conservancy facilities according to the present application; Figure 2 It is an appearance sectional view of a safe ecological stilling basin for downstream of water conservancy facilities according to the present application; Figure 3 It is an appearance schematic diagram of a compound stilling ridge and a multi-stage compound section in a safe ecological stilling basin for downstream of water conservancy facilities according to the present application; Figure 4 It is an appearance schematic diagram of a stilling block, a drainage arc surface and a reinforcing hanging ring in a safe ecological stilling basin for downstream of water conservancy facilities according to the present application; Figure 5 It is Figure 1 A local enlarged view of area A in the figure; Figure 6 It is Figure 1 A local enlarged view of area B in the figure; Figure 7 It is Figure 2 A local enlarged view of area C in the figure; Figure 8 It is Figure 2 A local enlarged view of area D in the figure.

[0018] Reference signs: 1, riverbed; 2, side wall; 3, stilling basin structure; 31, drop wall; 32, compound stilling ridge; 33, low weir tail ridge; 4, water seepage passage structure; 41, vertical steel mesh; 42, drainage mesh mat; 43, horizontal steel mesh; 44, pervious concrete block; 45, geotextile; 5, drainage structure; 51, drainage hole; 52, concrete pipe; 53, stainless steel mesh cover plate; 54, fixed anchor bolt; 6, diversion structure; 61, inclined diversion platform; 62, horizontal diversion platform; 63, multi-stage compound section; 7, stilling basin bottom plate structure; 71, limiting steel mesh; 72, gabion mesh; 73, first dry-laid block stone; 74, first reinforced stone ridge; 8, extended apron structure; 81, second dry-laid block stone; 82, gentle slope; 9, scouring-resistant structure; 91, gravel layer; 92, second reinforced stone ridge; 10, stilling block; 101, drainage arc surface; 102, groove; 103, reinforcing hanging ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] As Figures 1-8 shown, the present application provides a safe ecological stilling basin for downstream of water conservancy facilities, which comprises a riverbed 1, side walls 2 are arranged on both sides of the riverbed 1, and a stilling basin structure 3 is arranged on the top of the riverbed 1 inside the side walls 2; the stilling basin structure 3 comprises a drop wall 31, a compound stilling ridge 32 and a low weir tail ridge 33; the drop wall 31 is arranged on one side of the top of the riverbed 1, one side of the drop wall 31 is provided with the compound stilling ridge 32, and the side of the compound stilling ridge 32 away from the drop wall 31 is provided with the low weir tail ridge 33.

[0020] During the specific implementation process, it is worth noting that, through the coordination between the riverbed 1 and the side wall 2, the side wall 2 adopts a reinforced concrete structure and can be constructed vertically according to the on-site construction environment, or can be constructed at a certain tilt angle according to the inclination angle of the riverbank to adapt to different terrain and water flow conditions. The height and thickness of the side wall 2 are set according to the design requirements and hydraulic calculations to ensure the stability and durability of the energy dissipation pool facilities. Through the coordination between the riverbed 1, the side wall 2, the drop wall 31 and the compound energy dissipation sill 32, the primary energy dissipation area of ​​the energy dissipation pool is formed, and a reinforced gabion soft structure is used for bottom protection. The water flows from the top of the drop wall 31 into the drop wall 32. 1 and the compound stilling sill 32, the water flows between the drop wall 31 and the compound stilling sill 32 to form vortexes and turbulences, consume energy and reduce the impact of the water flow. The top of the compound stilling sill 32 adopts a trapezoidal compound cross-section structure design, and the middle part is a low-area platform imitating the deep groove of the riverbed, which gradually increases and extends to both sides. Its main function is to raise the energy dissipation water cushion in the stilling pool, which can adapt to the water-blocking effect of various levels of flow, so as to raise the water level and form a water jump bottom flow energy dissipation flow state. At the same time, the main stream of the river channel is guided to the middle of the river channel, reducing the scouring of the side walls 2 on both sides. Through the cooperation between the riverbed 1, the side wall 2, the compound stilling sill 32 and the short weir tail sill 33, a stilling water system is formed. The secondary energy dissipation area of ​​the energy pool is formed by laying dry blocks of stone for bottom protection. The tail sill of the short weir 33 is located downstream of the compound energy dissipation sill 32. The water level is raised at the end of the secondary energy dissipation area through physical barriers, forcing the water flow to form a submerged water jump. The strong turbulent shearing effect of the water jump is used to consume the kinetic energy of the high-speed water flow, forming a bottom flow secondary energy dissipation flow state, further reducing the residual energy of the water flow, allowing the water flow to enter the downstream river channel smoothly, avoiding scouring and damage to the downstream river channel. At the same time, a certain distance is left between the two sides of the tail sill of the short weir 33 and the side wall 2, providing a convenient channel for fish migration, so that fish can smoothly cross the river section of the facility and protect aquatic life. The biodiversity is enhanced, thereby contributing to the maintenance of the ecological balance of the river channel. Through the coordination among the riverbed 1, the side wall 2, the waterfall wall 31, the compound stilling sill 32 and the low weir tail sill 33, and by carrying out construction within a small range of the three structural sill sections, a stilling pool with a two-stage energy dissipation structure is formed downstream of the main building. No interception and pumping operations are required during the construction process, thus avoiding aggravation of the existing scouring and overhanging in the lower part of the sea-flooded stilling pool, thereby ensuring the structural stability and safety of the main building upstream of the stilling pool, shortening the construction period, and achieving the relatively most effective flood discharge and energy dissipation with the simplest engineering measures while minimizing changes to the actual conditions of the river channel.

[0021] In one feasible embodiment, a seepage channel structure 4 is provided inside the drop wall 31; the seepage channel structure 4 includes a vertical steel mesh 41, a seepage drainage mesh pad 42, a transverse steel mesh 43, a permeable concrete block 44 and a geotextile 45; the vertical steel mesh 41 is embedded in the drop wall 31, a seepage drainage mesh pad 42 is provided inside the vertical steel mesh 41, a transverse steel mesh 43 is provided at the bottom of the vertical steel mesh 41, the transverse steel mesh 43 is embedded in the drop wall 31, a permeable concrete block 44 is provided inside the transverse steel mesh 43, and the outside of the seepage drainage mesh pad 42 and the permeable concrete block 44 is covered with a geotextile 45.

[0022] During the specific implementation process, it is worth noting that, through the cooperation between the drop wall 31, the vertical steel mesh 41, the seepage drainage mesh pad 42, the transverse steel mesh 43, the permeable concrete block 44 and the geotextile 45, the vertical steel mesh 41 and the transverse steel mesh 43 form a seepage flow channel inside and at the bottom of the drop wall 31. The permeable concrete block 44 can enhance the permeability of the bottom of the drop wall 31, so that the seepage water can enter the seepage drainage mesh pad 42 and be discharged to the side of the primary stilling pool through the drainage hole 51. The geotextile 45 can effectively prevent soil particles from clogging the drainage channel, thereby enhancing the drainage and seepage effects of the drop wall 31 and improving the structural stability and durability of the drop wall 31.

[0023] In one feasible embodiment, a drainage structure 5 is provided on the side of the drop wall 31 close to the compound stilling sill 32; the drainage structure 5 includes a drainage hole 51, a concrete pipe 52, a stainless steel mesh cover 53 and a fixed anchor bolt 54; a plurality of drainage holes 51 are provided, which are evenly distributed on the side of the drop wall 31 close to the compound stilling sill 32, a plurality of concrete pipes 52 are provided, which are evenly embedded in the drop wall 31, one end of the concrete pipe 52 close to the compound stilling sill 32 is connected to the drainage hole 51, and the end of the concrete pipe 52 away from the drainage hole 51 passes through the vertical steel mesh 41, and both ends of the concrete pipe 52 are cooperatively connected with the stainless steel mesh cover 53, and the stainless steel mesh cover 53 close to the compound stilling sill 32 is fixed to the inner wall of the drainage hole 51 by the fixed anchor bolt 54.

[0024] In the specific implementation process, it is worth pointing out that through the cooperation between the drop wall 31, the drain hole 51, the concrete pipe 52, the stainless steel mesh cover plate 53 and the fixing anchor bolt 54, the diameter of the drain hole 51 is 10cm-15cm, a plurality of groups are vertically distributed on the side of the drop wall 31 close to the compound stilling block 32, the concrete pipe 52 is embedded in the inside of the drop wall 31, one end is connected with the drain hole 51, and the other end is connected with the inside of the vertical steel mesh 41, so that the seepage water in the inside of the drop wall 31 is discharged to the inside of the primary stilling basin through the concrete pipe 52 and the drain hole 51, the continuously increasing hydrostatic pressure in the wall is avoided, the wall load is reduced, the structural deformation or wall cracking is prevented, the structural safety and stability of the drop wall 31 are improved, meanwhile, the stainless steel mesh cover plates 53 located at both ends of the concrete pipe 52 can effectively prevent external sundries from entering the concrete pipe 52, and the smoothness of the drainage system is ensured.

[0025] In an implementable mode, the top of the drop wall 31 is provided with a flow guide structure 6; the flow guide structure 6 includes a slope flow guide table 61 and a horizontal flow guide table 62; the slope flow guide table 61 is arranged at the top of the side of the drop wall 31 close to the compound stilling block 32, and the horizontal flow guide table 62 is arranged at the bottom of the slope flow guide table 61.

[0026] In the specific implementation process, it is worth pointing out that through the cooperation between the drop wall 31, the slope flow guide table 61 and the horizontal flow guide table 62, the water flow has a certain guiding effect on the direction of the water flow entering the primary stilling basin at the top of the drop wall 31, and the water flow is prevented from forming scouring on the drop wall 31 and the pool bottom.

[0027] In an implementable mode, the flow guide structure 6 further includes a multi-stage compound section 63; the multi-stage compound section 63 is arranged at the top of the compound stilling block 32.

[0028] In the specific implementation process, it is worth pointing out that the multi-stage compound section 63 forms a structure with a low middle and high sides at the top of the compound stilling block 32, which is a trapezoidal compound section structure simulating a riverbed, the middle part of the multi-stage compound section 63 is a low area platform simulating a deep groove of a riverbed, gradually extends higher to both sides, mainly functions to raise the energy dissipation cushion in the stilling basin, can adapt to the flow of all levels to achieve full energy dissipation effect, plays a regulating role, meanwhile, the middle bottom of the multi-stage compound section 63 guides the main flow of the river channel to the middle of the river channel, reduces the scouring of the two bank walls 2, the low position in the middle smoothly connects with the natural riverbed, even in the case of releasing ecological flow in the dry season, can create a natural migration channel for fish, and meets the requirements of fish migration.

[0029] In one feasible embodiment, a stilling pool bottom plate structure 7 is provided at the top of the riverbed 1; the stilling pool bottom plate structure 7 includes a limiting steel mesh 71, a gabion mesh 72, a first dry masonry block 73 and a first reinforced stone ridge 74; the limiting steel mesh 71 is provided at the top of the riverbed 1 on the side where the drop wall 31 and the compound stilling sill 32 are close to each other, and the gabion mesh 72 is equidistantly provided inside the limiting steel mesh 71, the first dry masonry block 73 is provided at the top of the riverbed 1 on the side where the compound stilling sill 32 and the low weir tail sill 33 are close to each other, and the first reinforced stone ridge 74 is provided on the side of the first dry masonry block 73 away from the compound stilling sill 32.

[0030] During the specific implementation process, it is worth noting that by laying a limiting steel mesh 71 and a gabion mesh 72 at the bottom of the first energy dissipation pool, the riverbed 1 at the bottom of the first energy dissipation pool is protected to avoid long-term scouring of the water flow and causing damage to the riverbed 1 at the bottom of the first energy dissipation pool; by laying a first dry masonry block 73 at the bottom of the second energy dissipation pool and setting a first reinforced stone ridge 74 at the end of the first dry masonry block 73, the riverbed 1 at the bottom of the second energy dissipation pool is protected to avoid long-term scouring of the water flow and causing damage to the riverbed 1 at the bottom of the second energy dissipation pool, thereby ensuring the stability and durability of the energy dissipation pool during long-term use; at the same time, compared with laying a concrete base plate on the top of the riverbed 1, there is no need to pump water in the construction area, and only the water flow needs to be reduced to meet the construction conditions, thereby avoiding safety hazards caused by frequent pumping to the stability of the dam body, shortening the construction period of the energy dissipation pool, and improving the convenience of construction.

[0031] In one practicable embodiment, an extended ambush structure 8 is provided at the top of the riverbed 1 on the side of the first reinforced stone ridge 74 away from the first dry masonry block 73; the extended ambush structure 8 includes a second dry masonry block 81 and a gentle slope 82; the second dry masonry block 81 is provided at the top of the riverbed 1 on the side of the first reinforced stone ridge 74 away from the first dry masonry block 73, and a gentle slope 82 is provided on the top of the second dry masonry block 81.

[0032] During the specific implementation process, it is worth noting that the second dry masonry block 81 and the gentle slope 82 form an extended seafloor structure 8 at the end of the secondary stilling pool, which can further dissipate the energy of the water flow, slow down the water flow speed, and avoid the water flow from scouring and damaging the riverbed 1 and the stilling pool facilities. By setting a gentle slope 82 on the top of the second dry masonry block 81, multiple stepped water flow transition zones are formed, so that the water flow can be decelerated more smoothly when flowing through the area, further reducing the scouring force of the water flow on the riverbed 1 and the stilling pool. At the same time, it avoids excessive drop between the riverbed 1 and the first dry masonry block 73, provides a convenient channel for fish migration, enables fish to smoothly cross the facility river section, protects the diversity of aquatic organisms, thereby helping to maintain the ecological balance of the river channel, and helps to reduce the difficulty and cost of fishway construction.

[0033] In an implementable mode, the bottom of the second dry masonry 81 is provided with an anti-scour structure 9; the anti-scour structure 9 comprises a gravel layer 91 and a plurality of second reinforced stone ridges 92; the gravel layer 91 is laid on the bottom of the first dry masonry 73 and the second dry masonry 81, and the second reinforced stone ridges 92 are equidistantly distributed inside the second dry masonry 81.

[0034] In the implementation process, it is worth pointing out that, by laying the gravel layer 91 on the bottom of the first dry masonry 73 and the second dry masonry 81, the gravel layer 91 is laid with gravel, which supports the first dry masonry 73 and the second dry masonry 81, prevents water flow from scouring the riverbed 1 and the stilling basin structure 3, and further improves the overall stability and durability; meanwhile, the second reinforced stone ridges 92 further fix and support the second dry masonry 81, enhance the anti-scouring ability of the second dry masonry 81, avoid displacement of the masonry under the scouring of water flow, and ensure the stability and safety of the stilling basin in the long-term use process.

[0035] In an implementable mode, equidistantly arranged on the side where the compound stilling ridge 32 and the low weir tail ridge 33 are close to each other are the stilling piers 10, and both ends of the stilling piers 10 are provided with the flow guiding arc surfaces 101.

[0036] In the implementation process, it is worth pointing out that the height of the stilling pier 10 is consistent with the height of the low weir tail ridge 33, and the stilling piers 10 are arranged in two rows and staggered; when the water flow flows from the compound stilling ridge 32 to the low weir tail ridge 33, the water flow is divided by the flow guiding arc surfaces 101, the turbulence of the water flow is increased, the impact force of the water flow is effectively reduced, the energy of the water flow is further reduced, and the energy dissipation effect is enhanced.

[0037] In an implementable mode, the top of the stilling pier 10 is provided with the grooves 102, and the steel wire lifting ring 103 is embedded inside the grooves 102.

[0038] In the implementation process, it is worth pointing out that the steel wire lifting ring 103 inside the grooves 102 is used for lifting the stilling pier 10, which facilitates moving the stilling pier 10 out of the river channel before the flood season, thereby reducing the resistance of the river channel to flood discharge and ensuring the safety of the river channel to flood discharge; meanwhile, in the dry season of the river channel, the stilling pier 10 can be placed back to the original position, so as to continue to play the energy dissipation effect of the stilling pier 10.

[0039] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A safe ecological stilling pool for use downstream of a water conservancy facility, comprising a riverbed (1), characterized in that: Side walls (2) are provided on both sides of the riverbed (1), and a stilling pool structure (3) is provided on the top of the riverbed (1) and inside the side walls (2); The stilling pool structure (3) includes a drop wall (31), a composite stilling sill (32) and a low weir tail sill (33); The drop wall (31) is arranged on one side of the top of the riverbed (1), a composite stilling sill (32) is provided on one side of the drop wall (31), and the short weir tail sill (33) is provided on the side of the composite stilling sill (32) away from the drop wall (31).

2. The safe and ecological stilling basin for use downstream of a water conservancy facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water seepage channel structure (4) is provided inside the drop wall (31); The seepage channel structure (4) includes a vertical steel mesh (41), a seepage drainage mat (42), a transverse steel mesh (43), a permeable concrete block (44) and a geotextile (45); The vertical steel mesh (41) is embedded in the drop wall (31), the drainage mesh pad (42) is arranged inside the vertical steel mesh (41), the transverse steel mesh (43) is arranged at the bottom of the vertical steel mesh (41), the transverse steel mesh (43) is embedded in the drop wall (31), the permeable concrete block (44) is arranged inside the transverse steel mesh (43), and the outside of the drainage mesh pad (42) and the permeable concrete block (44) is covered with the geotextile (45).

3. The safe and ecological stilling basin for use downstream of a water conservancy facility according to claim 2, characterized in that: A drainage structure (5) is provided on one side of the drop wall (31) close to the compound stilling sill (32); The drainage structure (5) comprises a drainage hole (51), a concrete pipe (52), a stainless steel mesh cover plate (53) and a fixing anchor bolt (54); A plurality of drainage holes (51) are provided and are equidistantly distributed on a side of the drop wall (31) close to the compound stilling sill (32). A plurality of concrete pipes (52) are provided and are equidistantly embedded in the drop wall (31). One end of the concrete pipe (52) close to the compound stilling sill (32) is connected to the drainage hole (51). One end of the concrete pipe (52) away from the drainage hole (51) passes through the vertical steel mesh (41). Both ends of the concrete pipe (52) are cooperatively connected with the stainless steel mesh cover plate (53). The stainless steel mesh cover plate (53) close to the compound stilling sill (32) is fixed to the inner wall of the drainage hole (51) by the fixing anchor bolt (54).

4. The safe and ecological stilling basin for use downstream of a water conservancy facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: A diversion structure (6) is provided on the top of the drop wall (31); The guide structure (6) includes an inclined guide platform (61) and a horizontal guide platform (62); The inclined guide platform (61) is arranged at the top of one side of the drop wall (31) close to the compound stilling sill (32), and the horizontal guide platform (62) is arranged at the bottom of the inclined guide platform (61).

5. The safe and ecological stilling basin for use downstream of a water conservancy facility according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diversion structure (6) further includes a multi-stage compound section (63); The multi-stage compound section (63) is arranged on the top of the compound energy dissipation sill (32).

6. The safe and ecological stilling basin for use downstream of a water conservancy facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stilling pool bottom plate structure (7) is provided on the top of the riverbed (1); The stilling pool bottom plate structure (7) includes a limiting steel mesh (71), a gabion mesh (72), a first dry masonry block (73) and a first reinforced stone ridge (74); The limiting steel mesh (71) is arranged on the top of the riverbed (1) on the side where the drop wall (31) and the compound stilling sill (32) are close to each other, and the gabion mesh (72) is arranged equidistantly inside the limiting steel mesh (71). The first dry masonry block (73) is arranged on the top of the riverbed (1) on the side where the compound stilling sill (32) and the short weir tail sill (33) are close to each other, and the first reinforced stone ridge (74) is arranged on the side of the first dry masonry block (73) away from the compound stilling sill (32).

7. The safe and ecological stilling basin for use downstream of a water conservancy facility according to claim 6, characterized in that: An extended seafloor structure (8) is provided on the top of the riverbed (1) on a side of the first reinforced stone ridge (74) away from the first dry masonry block stone (73); The extended seawall structure (8) includes a second dry masonry stone (81) and a gentle slope (82); The second dry masonry block (81) is arranged on the top of the riverbed (1) on the side of the first reinforcement stone ridge (74) away from the first dry masonry block (73), and a gentle slope (82) is provided on the top of the second dry masonry block (81).

8. The safe and ecological stilling basin for use downstream of a water conservancy facility according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the second dry masonry block (81) is provided with an anti-scouring structure (9); The anti-scour structure (9) includes a crushed stone layer (91) and a second reinforced stone ridge (92); The crushed stone layer (91) is laid on the bottom of the first dry masonry block stone (73) and the second dry masonry block stone (81), and a plurality of second reinforcement stone ridges (92) are provided and are evenly distributed inside the second dry masonry block stone (81).

9. The safe and ecological stilling basin for use downstream of a water conservancy facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stilling pier (10) is equidistantly provided on the side where the compound stilling sill (32) and the short weir tail sill (33) are close to each other, and both ends of the stilling pier (10) are provided with a drainage arc surface (101).

10. The safe and ecological stilling basin for use downstream of a water conservancy facility according to claim 9, characterized in that: Grooves (102) are provided on both sides of the top of the energy dissipation pier (10), and steel bar hanging rings (103) are embedded in the interior of the grooves (102) of the energy dissipation pier (10).

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