Vehicle-mounted multi-medium composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a vehicle-mounted multi-medium composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system and an operation method thereof, and belongs to the field of oil exploitation. The invention aims to solve the problems that heat source waste is caused by continuous heating during viscosity reduction of existing thickened oil; a catalyst reaction path is uncontrollable, and in-situ reaction conditions are lacked; and the hydrogen conveying risk is high. The system comprises a mixing subsystem, an injection subsystem, an in-situ reaction subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem, the mixing subsystem mixes and heats initial raw materials and then injects the mixed raw materials into the in-situ reaction subsystem through the injection subsystem, in-situ treatment of hydrogen can reduce contact with oxygen in air, and the system safety is effectively improved; carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated in the cracking reaction zone react in the synthesis reaction zone as reactants, so that partitioned activation and dynamic synergy of catalytic cracking and synthesis reaction in the stratum are realized, and reaction circulation is effectively realized; the arrangement of the heat feedback area can avoid heat waste, and has better economic value.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to a vehicle-mounted multi-medium composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system and a running method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to rich reserves, heavy oil and super heavy oil play an important role in the global energy structure. However, due to their high viscosity, low flowability, and low API degree, it is difficult to develop them effectively through conventional water injection or cold production methods, and thermal enhanced oil recovery (Thermal EOR) technology is often used to improve the recoverable degree. The currently widely used thermal recovery methods in the industry mainly include cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) and steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), which reduce the viscosity of the oil layer by injecting high-temperature steam, thereby enhancing the flowability of the crude oil and improving the recovery rate.

[0003] Although the above thermal technology has achieved certain results in the development of shallow heavy oil, it still has technical limitations when facing deep, low-permeability, heterogeneous or highly heat-sensitive heavy oil formations. In recent years, some research has attempted to introduce underground catalytic reaction paths into the thermal recovery process, generating hydrogen and CO by cracking hydrogen-containing compounds such as methanol, to drive in-situ heavy oil cracking or lightening reactions. This path combines thermal and chemical characteristics and is considered a key direction for the evolution of thermal recovery to "reactive enhanced oil recovery" (Reactive-EOR).

[0004] Chinese patent CN101297021A discloses a method for generating a mixed fluid from a hydrocarbon-containing formation through thermal treatment and performing catalytic cracking and rectification treatment on the ground. This technology obtains the original fluid through underground heating, and then improves the component quality through multi-stage cracking reactions on the ground, but it does not solve the problems of underground reaction activation and control.

[0005] Chinese patent CN101466914B proposes to use multiple horizontal or inclined segment heaters to heat the hydrocarbon formation in layers, and to improve heat transfer efficiency through isolation layers. This scheme is suitable for thermal cracking displacement processes, but does not include any technical features related to chemical reaction processes, catalyst injection or reaction path control.

[0006] It can be seen that the research focus of existing public schemes still remains at the level of "one-way heat input" or "ground reaction treatment". In terms of how to build a controllable reaction environment underground, realize chemical path coupling and reaction heat feedback, and optimize and control response behavior through artificial intelligence, the technical ability is severely insufficient, and it is difficult to meet the high integration and adjustability required for the development of deep complex heavy oil.

[0007] Specifically, the existing technology has the following key problems and defects related to the present application:

[0008] (1) The catalytic cracking pathway has not been in situ. The current scheme still relies on ground reactors for catalytic conversion, and fails to build a controllable and stable reaction environment in the formation, resulting in high energy consumption, low efficiency, and high system complexity.

[0009] (2) The catalyst placement method lacks segmented controllability. In the existing process, the catalyst is usually mixed with the fracturing proppant and injected, which makes it impossible to achieve selective activation in different formation temperature zones, and it is also difficult to maintain high-temperature stability and long-term activity.

[0010] (3) The internal cycle of heat and chemical energy is not realized. ) The reaction heat released is not systematically introduced into the cracking reaction zone. The endothermic demand of reactants such as methanol cannot be self-supplied. The system needs to continue to rely on external heating, and the thermal efficiency is low.

[0011] (4) The reaction path lacks dynamic perception capabilities. The existing technology is not equipped with formation status monitoring means and cannot monitor temperature and fluid composition (such as ) and other key variables, resulting in the reaction path being unable to be closed-loop adjusted according to the dynamic state.

[0012] (5) CO concentration changes cannot be predicted and compensated. When CO is insufficient, there is a lack of independent safety injection and leakage monitoring mechanisms, and the reaction chain is easily interrupted, resulting in yield fluctuations or thermal feedback failure, and poor system stability.

[0013] The fundamental reason for the above problems is that the existing thermal recovery systems usually adopt a one-way injection + fixed parameter control operation mode, which cannot adapt to the high sensitivity of formation heterogeneity and reaction dynamics, and has not introduced an artificial intelligence decision-making system with adaptive control capabilities.

[0014] The present invention aims to solve the following key technical problems existing in existing heavy oil thermal recovery technologies:

[0015] (1) Existing thermal oil recovery technologies have low thermal efficiency and limited coverage in deep or heterogeneous heavy oil reservoirs, resulting in uneven formation heating and low production rates.

[0016] (2) The ground catalytic cracking solution has problems such as hydrogen safety risks and large energy transmission losses, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of efficient and stable deep reactions;

[0017] (3) The catalytic reaction path in the formation is uncontrollable, the catalyst is difficult to stably deploy, and there is a lack of in-situ controllable cracking and synthesis reaction conditions, resulting in low chemical conversion rates;

[0018] (4) The lack of an effective thermal-chemical energy coupling mechanism makes it impossible to build a sustainable reaction heat feedback loop within the formation, affecting the sustainability of the cracking reaction;

[0019] (5) Traditional control systems have a delayed response and are difficult to adapt to dynamically changing formation conditions. They lack injection optimization and reaction control methods based on real-time data. Summary of the Invention

[0020] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are:

[0021] This is to solve the problems that the existing heavy oil viscosity reduction requires continuous heating, resulting in waste of heat sources; the catalyst reaction path is uncontrollable and there is a lack of in-situ reaction conditions; and the hydrogen transportation risk is high.

[0022] The present invention is to solve the above technical problems using the following technical solutions:

[0023] The present invention provides a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system, comprising a mixing subsystem, an injection subsystem and an in-situ reaction subsystem.

[0024] The mixing subsystem is a vehicle-mounted device and includes a methanol storage tank, a catalyst liquid tank, a deionized water storage tank, a primary mixing module, a heating module, and a secondary mixing module. Methanol, catalyst, and deionized water are proportionally fed into the primary mixing module for primary mixing, and the heated mixture is initially heated in the heating module. The heated mixture is then transported to the secondary mixing module for secondary mixing.

[0025] The in-situ reaction subsystem is located underground and includes, from top to bottom, a synthesis reaction zone, a heat feedback zone, and a cracking reaction zone. The cracking reaction zone is provided with a cracking heater for initially supplementing heating the cracking reaction zone, which is used to perform an endothermic cracking reaction. The product generated in the cracking reaction zone is transported to the synthesis reaction zone via the injection subsystem and then undergoes an exothermic reaction. The heat feedback zone is used to transfer heat released by the synthesis reaction zone to the cracking reaction zone, replacing the supplementary heating provided by the cracking heater.

[0026] The mixed liquid obtained by the mixing subsystem is transported to the in-situ reaction subsystem through the injection subsystem. The injection subsystem includes a main conveying pipeline and a branch conveying pipeline. The main conveying pipeline is connected to multiple branch conveying pipelines. Multiple segmented packers are provided on the main conveying pipeline to divide the main conveying pipeline into a synthesis reaction section, a heat feedback section and a cracking reaction section corresponding to the synthesis reaction section, the heat feedback section and the cracking reaction section. In the synthesis reaction section, a part of the branch conveying pipeline is connected to the synthesis reaction section, and in the cracking reaction section, another part of the branch conveying pipeline is connected to the cracking reaction section. Both the main conveying pipeline and the branch conveying pipeline are provided with a conveying pump and a control valve.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes a dosage pump group, which is arranged on the methanol storage tank, the catalyst liquid tank and the deionized water storage tank to control the intake of methanol, catalyst and deionized water.

[0028] Furthermore, the heat conduction process in the thermal feedback zone is calculated using a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model:

[0029]

[0030] in: is the temperature rise; is the heat release per unit area; is the distance between the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone; is the thermal conductivity of formation rock.

[0031] Furthermore, it also includes a CO supplement pipeline and a catalyst supplement pipeline, both of which are connected to the main delivery pipeline. The CO supplement pipeline is provided with a CO delivery pump, and the catalyst supplement pipeline is provided with a catalyst delivery pump. The CO supplement pipeline is used to supplement CO to the synthesis reaction zone, and the catalyst supplement pipeline is used to deliver the catalyst composite proppant to the cracks in the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone when the reaction has not started.

[0032] Furthermore, the catalyst composite proppant is a hollow or porous supporting material carrying a catalyst, the hollow or porous supporting material is ceramsite, quartz sand or magnetic spheres, and the catalyst is a Ni-Fe catalyst.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes an intelligent control subsystem, including a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a component sensor and a controller. The temperature sensor is arranged in the cracking reaction zone to monitor the temperature of the cracking reaction zone. The component sensor is arranged at the input port of the main delivery pipeline to monitor the concentration of each component at the wellhead. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure in the wellbore.

[0034] The input end of the controller is connected to the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the component sensor respectively;

[0035] As for the temperature control part, the output end of the controller is connected to the cracking heater, and the real-time temperature of the cracking reaction zone is monitored by a temperature sensor. In the initial stage, the cracking heater is turned on; after the temperature rise of the synthesis reaction zone is calculated by the controller's built-in algorithm using a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model to meet the reaction temperature, the cracking heater is turned off, and the heat generated by the synthesis reaction zone is used to supplement the heating of the cracking feedback zone;

[0036] For the component control part, the output end of the controller is respectively connected to the dosage pump group, the primary mixing module, the heating module, the secondary mixing module, the CO delivery pump, the catalyst delivery pump, the segmented packer, the control valve and the delivery pump located on the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipeline. In the preparation stage, the controller controls the dosage pump group to respectively extract methanol, catalyst and deionized water to the primary mixing module for mixing, and then heat and secondary mixing; and controls the catalyst delivery pump to deliver the catalyst composite proppant to the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone. In the initial stage, the controller controls the main delivery pipeline located in the synthesis reaction section, the heat feedback section and the cracking reaction section to be in a connected state, and closes the branch delivery pipeline in the synthesis reaction section and opens the branch delivery pipeline in the cracking reaction section, and injects the mixed and heated mixed liquid into the cracking reaction zone. After all the delivery is completed, the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipeline located in the cracking reaction zone are closed. After a period of reaction, the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipeline located in the synthesis reaction zone, the heat feedback zone and the cracking reaction zone are opened, and CO and H2 are pumped into the synthesis reaction zone by the delivery pumps on the branch delivery pipelines for continuous reaction.

[0037] Furthermore, when the component sensor detects the concentration of CO at this time Below the set threshold When CO is supplied to the synthesis reaction zone, the CO delivery pump is turned on by the controller to deliver CO to the synthesis reaction zone to replenish CO.

[0038] A method for operating a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system comprises the following steps:

[0039] In the preparation stage, the catalyst composite proppant is transported to the gap between the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone through a catalyst delivery pump, and methanol, catalyst and deionized water are initially mixed, heated and then secondary mixed in the mixing subsystem;

[0040] In the initial stage, the mixed liquid obtained by the mixing subsystem is transferred to the cracking reaction zone through the injection subsystem, and the cracking heater is turned on to allow the cracking reaction zone to react; after a period of reaction, the pipeline connecting the cracking reaction zone and the synthesis reaction zone is opened, so that the product generated in the cracking reaction zone is transported to the synthesis reaction zone for reaction, and the heat released during the reaction in the synthesis reaction zone is supplemented with heat to the cracking reaction zone through the heat feedback zone. When the supplemented heat can meet the reaction temperature of the cracking reaction zone, the cracking heater is turned off;

[0041] During the reaction stage, if the CO concentration is detected to be insufficient, CO will be transported to the synthesis reaction zone through the CO delivery pump to replenish the reactants; when H2 is detected to be insufficient, the mixed liquid obtained by the mixing subsystem will be re-input into the cracking reaction zone.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] (1) The initial raw materials used on the ground in the present invention only include methanol, catalyst and deionized water. Hydrogen is generated in situ in the target formation (cracking reaction zone) and is used to drive the heavy oil cracking or light oil reaction (synthesis reaction zone). It will not be transported back to the ground. Due to the flammable and explosive properties of hydrogen, the in-situ treatment of hydrogen can reduce the contact with oxygen in the air, greatly improving the safety of the system. At the same time, the carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated in the cracking reaction zone react as reactants in the synthesis reaction zone, realizing the partitioned activation and dynamic coordination of the catalytic cracking and synthesis reactions in the formation, effectively realizing the reaction cycle, and having economic value.

[0044] (2) The present invention constructs a composite reaction system with heat transfer capability. The heat released by the reaction in the synthesis reaction zone is transferred back to the cracking reaction zone through the formation medium, so that the heat required for the reaction is reached in the cracking reaction layer, thereby enhancing the thermal stability and sustainability of deep catalytic cracking.

[0045] (3) The catalyst is injected in the form of a composite proppant during fracturing and deposited in the cracks of the cracking reaction zone and the synthesis reaction zone to ensure its effective distribution and reaction activity in the target cracks and pores;

[0046] (4) The vehicle-mounted heating and mixing system enables rapid on-site deployment and remote control of injection parameters, making it suitable for oil production scenarios with limited well site resources or complex operating environments;

[0047] (5) An intelligent control system is introduced to adjust the injection temperature, flow rate and component ratio in real time based on the formation status, which improves the system's adaptability and operational safety and facilitates the overall control of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 The structure of a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a mixed injection subsystem in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the structure of the catalyst composite proppant according to an embodiment of the present invention and a schematic diagram of its deployment in a formation fracture;

[0051] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the composite reaction pathway in the formation and the temperature rise synergistic mechanism driven by reaction exothermicity in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a logic block diagram of the intelligent control subsystem in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Specific implementation plan 1: Combined Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system, including a mixing subsystem, an injection subsystem, an in-situ reaction subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem.

[0055] The mixing subsystem is a vehicle-mounted device and includes a methanol storage tank, a catalyst liquid tank, a deionized water storage tank, a primary mixing module, a heating module, and a secondary mixing module. Methanol, catalyst, and deionized water are proportionally fed into the primary mixing module for primary mixing. The mixed liquid is then heated to 100°C-200°C (not reaching the 220°C-280°C required for the cracking reaction) by the heating module. The heated mixed liquid is then transported to the secondary mixing module for secondary mixing to ensure uniform heat distribution in the mixed liquid. The heating module is a heater, and both the primary mixing module and the secondary mixing module are stirrers.

[0056] It also includes a dosage pump group, which is set on the methanol storage tank, the catalyst liquid tank and the deionized water storage tank to control the amount of methanol, catalyst and deionized water;

[0057] The in-situ reaction subsystem is located underground and includes, from top to bottom, a synthesis reaction zone, a heat feedback zone, and a cracking reaction zone. The cracking reaction zone is located at the deepest part of the wellbore and is equipped with a cracking heater for initially supplementing heating the cracking reaction zone to generate an endothermic cracking reaction.

[0058]

[0059] The synthesis reaction zone is located in the middle and upper section of the wellbore. The CO and H2 generated in the cracking reaction zone are transported to the synthesis reaction zone through the injection subsystem to cause an exothermic reaction:

[0060]

[0061] The methane generated in the synthesis reaction zone diffuses naturally and can quickly crack heavy oil into light oil;

[0062] The heat feedback zone is used to transfer the heat released by the synthesis reaction zone to the cracking reaction zone, and replaces the cracking heater for supplementary heating on the basis of the initial heating of the mixing submodule. When the heat transferred by the heat feedback zone can reach the heat of the cracking reaction zone reaction, the cracking heater stops operating;

[0063] The heat conduction process in the thermal feedback zone can be approximately calculated using a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model:

[0064]

[0065] in: is the temperature rise (K); is the heat release per unit area (kJ / m²); is the distance between the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone (m); is the thermal conductivity of formation rock (kJ / m·K);

[0066] Each mole of CO releases approximately 206 kJ of heat. Under the reaction conditions in the synthesis reaction zone, if 10 mol of CO participates in the reaction, a theoretical heat release of 2060 kJ is achieved. This heat is transferred to the cracking section below via the thermal feedback zone, raising the formation temperature by 30°C to 140°C (depending on the L and λ values), meeting the thermal requirements of the CH3OH cracking reaction.

[0067] The hot mixed mixed liquid obtained by the mixing subsystem is transported to the in-situ reaction subsystem through the injection subsystem, wherein the injection subsystem includes a main transport pipeline and a branch transport pipeline, wherein the main transport pipeline is connected to a plurality of branch transport pipelines, and a plurality of segmented packers are provided on the main transport pipeline for dividing the main transport pipeline into a synthesis reaction section, a heat feedback section, and a cracking reaction section corresponding to the synthesis reaction section, the heat feedback section, and the cracking reaction section. In the synthesis reaction section, a portion of the branch transport pipeline is connected to the synthesis reaction section, and in the cracking reaction section, another portion of the branch transport pipeline is connected to the cracking reaction section. The main transport pipeline and the branch transport pipeline are both provided with a transport pump and a control valve;

[0068] The catalyst supply pipeline is further comprised of a CO supply pipeline and a catalyst supply pipeline, both of which are connected to the main delivery pipeline. The CO supply pipeline is provided with a CO delivery pump, and the catalyst supply pipeline is provided with a catalyst delivery pump. The CO supply pipeline is used to supply CO, and the catalyst supply pipeline is used to deliver the catalyst composite proppant to the cracks of the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone before the reaction starts. Figure 3 As shown, the catalyst composite proppant is a hollow or porous support material carrying a catalyst. The support material is a granular material with high mechanical strength and heat resistance, such as ceramsite, quartz sand or magnetic spheres, which can deposit the catalyst in the cracks of the reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone to further accelerate the reaction. The catalyst is a Ni-Fe catalyst with a loading of 10wt%-15wt%;

[0069] It also includes an intelligent control subsystem, including a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a component sensor and a controller. The temperature sensor is arranged in the cracking reaction zone to monitor the temperature of the cracking reaction zone. The component sensor is arranged at the input port of the main delivery pipeline to monitor the concentration of each component at the wellhead, including the CO concentration. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure in the wellbore.

[0070] The input end of the controller is respectively connected to a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a component sensor. For the temperature control part, the controller is connected to a cracking heater, and the real-time temperature of the cracking reaction zone is monitored by the temperature sensor. In the initial stage, the cracking heater is turned on to allow the cracking reaction zone to reach the reaction temperature to generate CO and H2, which are input to the synthesis reaction zone for exothermic reaction. The heat is transferred back to the cracking reaction zone through the thermal feedback zone. After the temperature rise calculated by the built-in algorithm of the controller using the one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model meets the reaction temperature, the cracking heater is turned off.

[0071] For the component control part, the output end of the controller is respectively connected to the dosage pump group, the primary mixing module, the heating module, the secondary mixing module, the CO delivery pump, the catalyst delivery pump, the segmented packer, the control valve and the delivery pump located on the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipeline. In the preparation stage, the controller controls the dosage pump group to extract methanol, catalyst and deionized water to the primary mixing module for mixing, and then heat and secondary mixing; and controls the catalyst delivery pump to deliver the catalyst composite proppant to the cracks in the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone; in the initial stage, the controller controls the main delivery pipeline located in the synthesis reaction section, the heat feedback section and the cracking reaction section to be in a connected state, and controls the segmented packer to achieve the connection state, and closes the branch delivery pipeline in the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone. The branch delivery pipeline of the cracking reaction zone is opened by controlling the control valve on the branch delivery pipeline, and the mixed and heated mixed liquid is injected into the cracking reaction zone. After all the delivery is completed, the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipeline connected to the cracking reaction zone are closed, and the control valves on the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipeline are controlled. After a period of reaction, the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipeline located in the synthesis reaction zone, the heat feedback zone and the cracking reaction zone are opened, and the delivery pump on the branch delivery pipeline of the cracking reaction zone is used to pump CO and H2 into the synthesis reaction zone along the branch delivery pipeline of the cracking reaction zone, the main delivery pipeline located in the synthesis reaction zone, the heat feedback zone and the cracking reaction zone, and the branch delivery pipeline of the synthesis reaction zone, and continue the reaction; when the component sensor monitors the concentration of CO at this time Below the set threshold concentration When CO is supplied to the synthesis reaction zone, the CO delivery pump is turned on by the controller to deliver CO to the synthesis reaction zone to replenish CO.

[0072] Specific embodiment 2: The present invention provides an operating method of a vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system, comprising the following steps:

[0073] In the preparation stage, the catalyst composite proppant is transported to the gap between the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone through a catalyst delivery pump, and methanol, catalyst and deionized water are initially mixed, heated and then secondary mixed in the mixing subsystem;

[0074] In the initial stage, the mixed liquid obtained by the mixing subsystem is transferred to the cracking reaction zone through the injection subsystem, and the cracking heater is turned on to allow the cracking reaction zone to react; the pipeline connecting the cracking reaction zone and the synthesis reaction zone is opened to allow the product generated in the cracking reaction zone to be transported to the synthesis reaction zone for reaction, and the heat released during the reaction in the synthesis reaction zone is supplemented to the cracking reaction zone through the heat feedback zone. When the supplemented heat can meet the reaction temperature of the cracking reaction zone, the cracking heater is turned off;

[0075] During the reaction stage, if insufficient CO concentration is detected, CO will be transported to the synthesis reaction zone through the CO delivery pump to replenish the reactants; when insufficient H2 is detected, the mixed liquid obtained by the mixing subsystem will be re-input into the cracking reaction zone to avoid the use of H2 on the ground, greatly improving the safety factor of the system.

[0076] The other combinations and connection relationships of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0077] experiment

[0078] Experiment A: Deep, high-temperature, high-pressure heavy oil well adaptation (standard parameter working conditions)

[0079] This system was deployed in a heavy oil reservoir at a well depth of 2800 m, with a reservoir temperature of approximately 80°C and a formation pressure of 28 MPa. The vehicle-mounted platform prepared a composite thermal-chemical medium with a volume ratio of methanol: deionized water: catalyst solution of 3:1:0.2. The mixture was heated to approximately 180°C before injection. The Ni-Fe catalyst, supported by ceramsite, was injected into the cracking reaction zone in the lower part of the wellbore during the fracturing phase. The reaction temperature in the cracking zone was maintained between 220°C and 280°C. Through intelligent control, the reaction path was stabilized, significantly increasing the proportion of light components in the produced fluid.

[0080] Experiment B: Example of AI automatic compensation response when CO concentration is insufficient

[0081] During on-site production, monitoring data showed that the CO / H2 molar ratio in the synthesis section gradually decreased to 0.28. The intelligent control subsystem, through the data acquisition and logic judgment module, output control instructions, activating the CO delivery valve and injecting pre-stored CO gas into the synthesis reaction zone through a separate pipeline. This process was integrated with the nitrogen displacement device and leak monitoring system to ensure that the injection process was airtight and met safety parameters. After the adjustment, the CH4 content in the produced fluid returned to the expected level, and the formation temperature rise curve stabilized again.

[0082] Experiment C: Case study of catalyst structure adaptation using magnetic microspheres

[0083] To improve the controllability of catalyst deposition in the formation and subsequent visual tracking capabilities, magnetic porous ceramic microspheres with a particle size of 0.8 mm and a Ni-Fe catalyst loading of approximately 12 wt% were selected as catalyst carriers in a low-permeability reservoir. These particles maintain good dispersion in the fracturing fluid and are evenly distributed within the fractures after being pushed into the formation by the high-pressure fluid. Ground magnetic field detectors can be used to obtain information about their distribution range, assisting in determining the distribution of cracking reaction zones and improving the accuracy of reaction efficiency control.

[0084] Experiment D: Example of temperature zone segmentation adaptation in multi-temperature zone composite reservoirs

[0085] In a heterogeneous oil reservoir, the wellbore traversed a region with a significant temperature gradient. Based on geological logging data, the intelligent control subsystem configured the wellbore layout from bottom to top as follows: the bottom region was designated the cracking reaction zone (catalyst particle size 2.5 mm), the middle region was designated the thermal feedback zone (no catalyst injection), and the upper region was designated the synthesis reaction zone (particle size 0.6 mm, using a foam ceramic carrier). After actual injection, a stable heat conduction path was established, resulting in an approximately 42% increase in CH4 yield, demonstrating the successful performance of the thermal feedback mechanism.

[0086] The above embodiments show that the system of the present invention can flexibly adjust the structure and parameters according to different geological environments, injection parameters and operational requirements, and supports the wide range of technologies covered by the claims. The system of the present invention is a vehicle-mounted integrated design, and has the ability to be flexibly deployed in resource-limited or environmentally extreme areas such as plateaus, deserts, and permafrost. The vehicle chassis is adapted to the off-road platform, and the oil-electric hybrid power module can support independent energy supply in the field. The control systems of each module support remote control and parameter uploading, and are suitable for continuous operation in uninhabited areas, areas with long distances between well sites, or areas where human access is inconvenient. For highly heat-sensitive, irregular or multi-layered heavy oil formations, the system can regulate the injection rate and medium composition through the modeling and data prediction functions of the intelligent control subsystem, reduce the risk of irreversible damage to the formation, and realize visual prediction of the extension range of the cracks, further ensuring the safe and stable response of the formation.

[0087] Although the present application has been disclosed with reference to the above embodiments, the scope of the present application is not limited to the above. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system, characterized by: Including mixing subsystem, injection subsystem and in-situ reaction subsystem, The mixing subsystem is a vehicle-mounted device and includes a methanol storage tank, a catalyst liquid tank, a deionized water storage tank, a primary mixing module, a heating module, and a secondary mixing module. Methanol, catalyst, and deionized water are proportionally fed into the primary mixing module for primary mixing, and the heated mixture is initially heated in the heating module. The heated mixture is then transported to the secondary mixing module for secondary mixing. The in-situ reaction subsystem is located underground and includes, from top to bottom, a synthesis reaction zone, a heat feedback zone, and a cracking reaction zone. The cracking reaction zone is provided with a cracking heater for initially supplementing heating the cracking reaction zone, and the cracking reaction zone is used to perform an endothermic cracking reaction. The product generated in the cracking reaction zone is transported to the synthesis reaction zone through the injection subsystem and then undergoes an exothermic reaction. The heat feedback zone is used to transfer the heat released by the synthesis reaction zone to the cracking reaction zone to replace the supplementary heating of the cracking heater; The mixed liquid obtained by the mixing subsystem is transported to the in-situ reaction subsystem through the injection subsystem. The injection subsystem includes a main conveying pipeline and a branch conveying pipeline. The main conveying pipeline is connected to multiple branch conveying pipelines. Multiple segmented packers are provided on the main conveying pipeline to divide the main conveying pipeline into a synthesis reaction section, a heat feedback section and a cracking reaction section corresponding to the synthesis reaction section, the heat feedback section and the cracking reaction section. In the synthesis reaction section, a part of the branch conveying pipeline is connected to the synthesis reaction section, and in the cracking reaction section, another part of the branch conveying pipeline is connected to the cracking reaction section. Both the main conveying pipeline and the branch conveying pipeline are provided with a conveying pump and a control valve.

2. The vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a dosage pump group, which is arranged on the methanol storage tank, the catalyst liquid tank and the deionized water storage tank to control the intake of methanol, catalyst and deionized water.

3. The vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat conduction process in the thermal feedback zone is calculated using a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model: in: is the temperature rise; is the heat release per unit area; is the distance between the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone; is the thermal conductivity of formation rock.

4. The vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a CO supplement pipeline and a catalyst supplement pipeline, both of which are connected to the main delivery pipeline. The CO supplement pipeline is provided with a CO delivery pump, and the catalyst supplement pipeline is provided with a catalyst delivery pump. The CO supplement pipeline is used to supplement CO to the synthesis reaction zone, and the catalyst supplement pipeline is used to deliver the catalyst composite proppant to the cracks in the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone when the reaction has not started.

5. The vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The catalyst composite proppant is a hollow or porous supporting material carrying a catalyst, the hollow or porous supporting material is ceramsite, quartz sand or magnetic spheres, and the catalyst is a Ni-Fe catalyst.

6. The vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an intelligent control subsystem, including a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a component sensor and a controller. The temperature sensor is set at the cracking reaction zone to monitor the temperature of the cracking reaction zone. The component sensor is set at the input port of the main conveying pipeline to monitor the concentration of each component at the wellhead. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure in the wellbore. The input end of the controller is connected to the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the component sensor respectively; As for the temperature control part, the output end of the controller is connected to the cracking heater, and the real-time temperature of the cracking reaction zone is monitored by a temperature sensor. In the initial stage, the cracking heater is turned on; after the temperature rise of the synthesis reaction zone is calculated by the controller's built-in algorithm using a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model to meet the reaction temperature, the cracking heater is turned off, and the heat generated by the synthesis reaction zone is used to supplement the heating of the cracking feedback zone; For the component control part, the output end of the controller is respectively connected to the dosage pump group, the primary mixing module, the heating module, the secondary mixing module, the CO delivery pump, the catalyst delivery pump, the segmented packer, the control valve and the delivery pump located on the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipeline. In the preparation stage, the controller controls the dosage pump group to respectively extract methanol, catalyst and deionized water to the primary mixing module for mixing, and then heat and secondary mixing; and controls the catalyst delivery pump to deliver the catalyst composite proppant to the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone. In the initial stage, the controller controls the main delivery pipeline located in the synthesis reaction section, the heat feedback section and the cracking reaction section to be in a connected state, and closes the branch delivery pipeline in the synthesis reaction section and opens the branch delivery pipeline in the cracking reaction section, and injects the mixed and heated mixed liquid into the cracking reaction zone. After all the delivery is completed, the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipeline located in the cracking reaction zone are closed. After a period of reaction, the main delivery pipeline and the branch delivery pipeline located in the synthesis reaction zone, the heat feedback zone and the cracking reaction zone are opened, and CO and H2 are pumped into the synthesis reaction zone by the delivery pumps on the branch delivery pipelines for continuous reaction.

7. The vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the component sensor detects the concentration of CO Below the set threshold When CO is supplied to the synthesis reaction zone, the CO delivery pump is turned on by the controller to deliver CO to the synthesis reaction zone to replenish CO.

8. A method for operating the vehicle-mounted multi-media composite injection and formation catalytic reaction system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: In the preparation stage, the catalyst composite proppant is transported to the gap between the synthesis reaction zone and the cracking reaction zone through a catalyst delivery pump, and methanol, catalyst and deionized water are initially mixed, heated and then secondary mixed in the mixing subsystem; In the initial stage, the mixed liquid obtained by the mixing subsystem is transferred to the cracking reaction zone through the injection subsystem, and the cracking heater is turned on to allow the cracking reaction zone to react; after a period of reaction, the pipeline connecting the cracking reaction zone and the synthesis reaction zone is opened, so that the product generated in the cracking reaction zone is transported to the synthesis reaction zone for reaction, and the heat released during the reaction in the synthesis reaction zone is supplemented with heat to the cracking reaction zone through the heat feedback zone. When the supplemented heat can meet the reaction temperature of the cracking reaction zone, the cracking heater is turned off; During the reaction stage, if the CO concentration is detected to be insufficient, CO will be transported to the synthesis reaction zone through the CO delivery pump to replenish the reactants; when H2 is detected to be insufficient, the mixed liquid obtained by the mixing subsystem will be re-input into the cracking reaction zone.

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