A geological surveying instrument with buffer protection

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of geological surveying technology, specifically to a geological surveying instrument with buffer protection. It includes a main measuring unit fixedly connected to the bottom of a handcart. The main measuring unit includes a protective assembly, which houses a core measuring element. The core measuring element is externally fitted with a pair of buffer assemblies. Since the initial position of the core measuring element is at the point of maximum distance between two sliding grooves, after relative sliding with the two grooves, the distance between the two grooves gradually decreases along the path of the core measuring element, causing the sliding rods to slide relative to the buffer seats, i.e., both sliding rods move closer to their corresponding buffer seats. Furthermore, because the two springs have the same amount of contraction, it ensures that the focusing position of the core measuring element is directly opposite the focusing aperture during its sliding along the grooves, preventing debris near the surveyed area from interfering with the acquisition of geographic information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological surveying technology, and more specifically, to a geological surveying instrument with buffer protection. Background Technology

[0002] When existing surveying instruments operate in complex geological environments (such as slopes, gravel, and mountains), the stability of the measurement data decreases due to bumps, collisions, and drops. Current geological surveying instruments integrate the main unit onto a vehicle platform. During platform movement, a laser scanner rotates at high speed, emitting hundreds of thousands to millions of laser points per second to rapidly acquire massive amounts of 3D point cloud data of the surrounding environment. A buffer structure then reduces the impact of external objects on the main unit.

[0003] During the movement of the measurement host following the vehicle platform, the most significant factors affecting its stability are bumps from the bottom of the vehicle platform (mainly along the forward direction) and impacts from falling objects on the top of the measurement host. While a buffer structure can reduce the impact of bumps and impacts, the core measurement structure inside the protective structure needs to be directly aligned with the focal point of the protective structure to isolate interference from nearby debris at the mapping location. Existing core measurement structures are typically suspended inside the protective structure. When subjected to bumps and impacts from above, they adjust their height and compress the buffer structure to absorb external forces. However, when the position of the core measurement structure changes, it cannot always be directly aligned with the focal point; that is, during force dissipation, obstruction of the field of view occurs, affecting the acquisition of geographic information at the mapping location.

[0004] In view of this, we propose a geological mapping instrument with buffer protection to improve the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a geological surveying instrument with a buffer protection system. It solves the problem that existing core measuring structures are typically suspended inside a protective structure. When subjected to bumps or top impacts, they adjust their height and compress the buffer structure to absorb external forces. However, when the position of the core measuring structure changes, it cannot always be directly aligned with the focal point; that is, during the stress relief period, the field of view is obstructed, thus affecting the acquisition of geographic information for the surveyed location.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the geological surveying instrument with buffer protection includes a measuring host fixedly connected to the bottom of a handcart. The measuring host includes a protective component, which houses a core measuring element inside itself. The core measuring element is externally equipped with a pair of buffer components that are specifically adapted to it. The buffer components are used to absorb and attenuate external impacts and vibrations to ensure the measurement accuracy of the core measuring element inside the protective component during field operations while moving with the handcart.

[0007] The protective assembly includes a mounting base integrally formed with the bottom of the handcart, a protective cover fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base, a focusing hole opened on the side of the core measuring element facing the forward direction, the core measuring element being directly opposite the center of the focusing hole, and the core measuring element being suspended in the mounting base by a pair of buffer components located above and below itself;

[0008] The buffer assembly includes springs, and the core measuring element is flexibly connected between the mounting base and the protective cover by two springs. The two springs have the same stiffness coefficient so that when the core measuring element slides relative to the mounting base in the forward direction, the two springs contract by the same amount.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the bottom of the mounting base and the top of the protective cover are provided with corresponding sliding grooves, which are parallel to the forward direction of the handcart. A central cavity is provided at the center of the mounting base, which is used to set the core measuring element. The mounting base has edge cavities on both sides of the central cavity, which are isolated from the central cavity. The central cavity allows the core measuring element to move inside, thereby buffering and unloading force. The edge cavities are used to install auxiliary components that are used in conjunction with the core measuring element for geological and geomorphological mapping.

[0010] The improvement is that the top of the protective cover is arc-shaped, and the axis of the protective cover is parallel to the forward direction of the handcart.

[0011] The thickness of the mounting base and protective cover at the center line gradually increases from the middle to both ends.

[0012] The inner surface of the groove is coated with a low-friction coefficient coating.

[0013] In another technical solution, the core measuring element is wrapped with a protective seat. The protective seat has an opening on the side facing the direction of travel of the trolley. A damper is provided between the inner wall of the protective seat and the side wall of the core measuring element so that the uneven parts of the surface of the core measuring element can be flexibly fitted with the inner wall of the protective seat. The damper can be a rubber block.

[0014] Furthermore, the two buffer components include buffer seats fixedly connected to the upper and lower sides of the protective seat, respectively. A slide rod is fixedly and slidably connected to the end of the buffer seat away from the protective seat. The buffer seat and the slide rod are elastically connected by a spring. The two slide rods are slidably connected in corresponding slide grooves. The slide rods are made of stainless steel so that the sliding friction between the slide rod and the slide groove is negligible.

[0015] In the above scheme, the buffer seat has an internal telescopic groove, and the slide rod is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod on the side near the protective seat.

[0016] Furthermore, the telescopic rod and the telescopic groove are shaped to match, the cross-section of the telescopic rod is circular, and the radius of the telescopic rod is smaller than that of the sliding rod. Both telescopic rods are slidably connected to the corresponding telescopic groove.

[0017] A focusing channel is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting base around the focusing hole. The focusing channel is used to block interference from the surrounding area of ​​the area to be measured that affects the accuracy of the measurement information.

[0018] Based on the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0019] If the trolley's movement is obstructed, the core measuring element slides forward in the forward direction; if the trolley suddenly starts moving, the core measuring element slides backward in the forward direction. Since the initial position of the core measuring element is at the point of maximum distance between the two slides, after relative sliding with the two slides, the distance between the two slides gradually decreases along the path the core measuring element traverses, causing the sliding rods to slide relative to the buffer seats, i.e., both sliding rods move closer to their corresponding buffer seats. Furthermore, because the two springs have the same stiffness coefficient, i.e., the same amount of spring contraction, it ensures that the core measuring element's focusing position is directly aligned with the focusing aperture during its sliding along the slides, preventing debris near the area to be surveyed from interfering with the geographic information acquisition. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional left view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the measuring host of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4This is a partial cross-sectional left view of the measuring host of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partially exploded cross-sectional view of the protective component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional left view of the protective component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a left view of the structure of the buffer component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the buffer assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional left view of the buffer component of the present invention.

[0030] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0031] 100. Handcart; 110. Core measuring element; 120. Focusing channel; 130. Protective base;

[0032] 200, Protective component; 210, Mounting base; 211, Central cavity; 212, Edge cavity; 213, Focusing hole; 220, Protective cover; 230, Slide groove;

[0033] 300, Buffer assembly; 310, Buffer seat; 311, Telescopic groove; 320, Slide rod; 321, Telescopic rod; 330, Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Existing core measurement structures are typically suspended within protective structures. When subjected to bumps or top impacts, they shift their height and compress the buffer structure to absorb external forces. However, when the core measurement structure's position changes, it cannot always remain directly aligned with the focal point, resulting in obstructed views during stress relief, thus affecting the acquisition of geographic information for the target location. Please refer to [link to details]. Figures 1-4 .

[0036] The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a geological surveying instrument with buffer protection, including a measuring host fixedly connected to the bottom of a handcart 100. The measuring host includes a protective component 200, which is used to set a core measuring element 110 inside itself. The core measuring element 110 is provided with a pair of buffer components 300 specially adapted to it. The buffer components 300 are used to absorb and attenuate external impacts and vibrations to ensure the measurement accuracy of the core measuring element 110 inside the protective component 200 during field operations while moving with the handcart 100.

[0037] The protective component 200 includes a mounting base 210 integrally formed with the bottom of the handcart 100. A protective cover 220 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base 210. The mounting base 210 has a focusing hole 213 on the side of the core measuring element 110 facing the forward direction. The core measuring element 110 is directly opposite the center of the focusing hole 213. The core measuring element 110 is suspended in the mounting base 210 by a pair of buffer components 300 located above and below itself.

[0038] The buffer assembly 300 includes springs 330. The core measuring element 110 is flexibly connected between the mounting base 210 and the protective cover 220 by two springs 330. The two springs 330 have the same stiffness coefficient so that when the core measuring element 110 slides relative to the mounting base 210 in the forward direction, the two springs 330 contract by the same amount.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the bottom of the mounting base 210 and the top of the protective cover 220 are respectively provided with sliding grooves 230. The sliding grooves 230 are parallel to the forward direction of the handcart 100. The mounting base 210 has a central cavity 211 at its center. The central cavity 211 is used to set the core measuring element 110. The mounting base 210 has edge cavities 212 on both sides of the central cavity 211. The edge cavities 212 are isolated from the central cavity 211. The central cavity 211 allows the core measuring element 110 to move inside, thereby buffering and unloading force. The edge cavities 212 are used to install auxiliary components that are used with the core measuring element 110 for geological and geomorphological mapping.

[0040] The improvement is that the top of the protective cover 220 is arc-shaped, and the axis of the protective cover 220 is parallel to the forward direction of the handcart 100.

[0041] Please see Figure 6 The thickness of the mounting base 210 and the protective cover 220 at the center line gradually increases from the middle to both ends.

[0042] The inner surface of the groove 230 is coated with a low coefficient of friction coating.

[0043] During implementation, when the core measuring element 110 follows the handcart 100 to map geological data, if it encounters potholes or bumps, the handcart 100's speed will drop sharply due to the wheels being stopped. However, the core measuring element 110, under the influence of inertial force, tends to continue moving forward at its original speed. As the core measuring element 110 slides forward along the inside of the slide groove 230 from the middle position, i.e., the lowest point, the distance between the upper and lower slide grooves 230 gradually decreases, thus compressing both springs 330. This converts the impact energy transmitted from the external environment through the handcart 100 to the core measuring element 110 into the elastic potential energy of the springs 330 and stores it. The spring 330 located below the core measuring element 110 is compressed upwards, while the spring 330 located above the core measuring element 110 is compressed downwards. Since the spring constants of the two springs 330 are the same, the amount of compression of the two is the same. That is to say, although the core measuring element 110 slides forward along the slope in the groove 230 to relieve force, the focusing position of the core measuring element 110 is always directly facing the center of the focusing hole 213, thereby ensuring that there is never any obstruction of the field of view within the field of view of the core measuring element 110.

[0044] When a falling rock or other object strikes the flat cover at an angle, the impact force acts almost perpendicularly at the point of contact. The flat structure can only rely on the strength and deformation of its own material to withstand the impact. The enormous impact force is directly transmitted to the inside of the instrument through the fixed point, which can easily damage the core measuring element 110 or cause it to shift and become inaccurate.

[0045] In this application, the arc-shaped design of the protective cover 220 transforms a forward collision into an oblique impact. The colliding object will first contact the arc surface, and its impact force F can be decomposed into two components:

[0046] The normal force F1 is perpendicular to the arc surface at the contact point, and is borne by the arc structure and distributed throughout the shell; the tangential force F2 is parallel to the arc surface, and this force will drive the colliding object to slide upwards and to both sides along the arc surface.

[0047] This ensures that most of the impact kinetic energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the colliding object, causing it to fly away, rather than being entirely converted into strain energy that damages the instrument structure. This significantly reduces the instantaneous impact acceleration experienced by the core measuring element 110.

[0048] The low-friction coefficient coating inside the slide groove 230 is polyoxymethylene. During the sliding process of the core measuring element 110, the frictional force generated inside the slide groove 230 is negligible. The reason is as follows:

[0049] If friction is generated within the groove 230 during the sliding process of the core measuring element 110, although friction can help dissipate the strain energy of the mounting base 210 and protective cover 220 caused by the impact of external objects, it is not an ideal energy dissipation method. This is because the energy dissipation effect of friction is uncontrollable and unstable, greatly affected by temperature, humidity, and wear, and can also cause sticking and slipping side effects. In this application, the strain energy of the mounting base 210 and protective cover 220 is dissipated by the deformation of the spring 330. The damping force provided by the spring 330, i.e., the deformation resistance of the spring 330, is controllable, predictable, and positively correlated with the travel speed of the handcart 100. After the spring 330 deforms, it can smoothly and linearly dissipate the energy generated by the impact of external objects on the mounting base 210 and protective cover 220, preventing the core measuring element 110 from oscillating during relative sliding with the mounting base 210, thereby allowing the core measuring element 110 to quickly stabilize after displacement within the mounting base 210.

[0050] Next, through Figure 7 and Figure 8 The specific structure of the buffer assembly 300 is disclosed. The core measuring element 110 is wrapped with a protective seat 130. The protective seat 130 has an opening on the side facing the direction of travel of the trolley 100. A damper is provided between the inner wall of the protective seat 130 and the side wall of the core measuring element 110 so that the uneven parts of the surface of the core measuring element 110 are flexibly fitted with the inner wall of the protective seat 130. The damper can be a rubber block.

[0051] Furthermore, the two buffer components 300 include buffer seats 310 fixedly connected to the upper and lower sides of the protective seat 130 respectively. A slide rod 320 is fixedly and slidably connected to the end of the buffer seat 310 away from the protective seat 130. The buffer seat 310 and the slide rod 320 are elastically connected by a spring 330. The two slide rods 320 are slidably connected in the corresponding slide grooves 230 respectively. The slide rods 320 are made of stainless steel so that the sliding friction between the slide rods 320 and the slide grooves 230 can be ignored.

[0052] In other words, when the trolley 100 is impacted by a falling object or its movement is obstructed during the surveying process, or when the trolley 100, which was initially stationary, suddenly starts moving, the core measuring element 110 slides relative to the mounting base 210 due to its own inertia. That is, if the movement of the trolley 100 is obstructed, the core measuring element 110 slides forward in the forward direction; if the trolley 100 suddenly starts moving, the core measuring element 110 slides backward in the forward direction. Since the initial position of the core measuring element 110 is located at the maximum distance between the two slide grooves 230, after relative sliding with the two slide grooves 230, the distance between the two slide grooves 230 gradually decreases along the path of the core measuring element 110, thereby causing the slide rod 320 to slide relative to the buffer seat 310, that is, both slide rods 320 move closer to the corresponding buffer seat 310. Furthermore, since the spring constants of the two springs 330 are the same, that is, the contraction of the two springs 330 is the same, it ensures that the core measuring element 110 is aligned with the focusing hole 213 during the sliding process along the slide groove 230, thus preventing debris near the location to be surveyed from interfering with the geographic information collection at that location.

[0053] Based on the above explanation, the following will further combine... Figure 9 To explain the optimal effect of the cooperation between the slide rod 320 and the slide groove 230, the buffer seat 310 has an internal telescopic groove 311, and the slide rod 320 has a telescopic rod 321 fixedly connected to the side near the protective seat 130.

[0054] Furthermore, the telescopic rod 321 and the telescopic groove 311 are shaped to match. The cross-section of the telescopic rod 321 is circular, and the radius of the telescopic rod 321 is smaller than that of the sliding rod 320. Both telescopic rods 321 are slidably connected to the corresponding telescopic groove 311.

[0055] A focusing channel 120 is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting base 210 around the focusing hole 213. The focusing channel 120 is used to block the interference from the surrounding area of ​​the area to be measured that affects the accuracy of the measurement information.

[0056] During operation, when the core measuring element 110 is between the two slide rails 230 and slides relative to the mounting base 210, driven by the two slide rods 320, the core measuring element 110 slides from the point where the distance between the two slide rails 230 is the largest to the point where the distance gradually decreases. As a result, on the one hand, the two slide rods 320 drive the telescopic rod 321 to slide into the telescopic groove 311 in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the distance between the slide rod 320 and the buffer seat 310, and the two springs 330 are compressed and store elastic potential energy. On the other hand, the telescopic rod 321 drives the core measuring element 110 inside the protective base 130 to slide along the slide rail 230 through the driving action of its own side wall and the inner wall of the telescopic groove 311.

[0057] It should be noted that the top of the protective base 130 is driven by the spring 330 above it and tends to move downwards, while the bottom of the protective base 130 is driven by the spring 330 below it and tends to move upwards. Since the deformation of the two springs 330 above and below the protective base 130 is the same, the protective base 130 is balanced by forces in the vertical direction and maintains a constant height within the mounting base 210. Its field of view intersection is always directly aligned with the center of the focusing channel 120.

[0058] In summary, the working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0059] When the trolley 100 is impacted by falling objects or its movement is obstructed during the surveying process, or when the trolley 100, which was initially stationary, suddenly starts moving, the core measuring element 110 slides relative to the mounting base 210 due to its own inertia. That is, if the movement of the trolley 100 is obstructed, the core measuring element 110 slides forward in the forward direction; if the trolley 100 suddenly starts moving, the core measuring element 110 slides backward in the forward direction. Since the initial position of the core measuring element 110 is located at the maximum distance between the two slide grooves 230, after relative sliding with the two slide grooves 230, the distance between the two slide grooves 230 gradually decreases along the path of the core measuring element 110, thereby causing the slide rod 320 to slide relative to the buffer seat 310, that is, both slide rods 320 move closer to the corresponding buffer seat 310.

[0060] Since the core measuring element 110 slides from the point where the distance between the two slide grooves 230 is at its maximum to the point where the distance gradually decreases, on the one hand, the two slide rods 320 drive the telescopic rod 321 to slide into the telescopic groove 311 in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the distance between the slide rod 320 and the buffer seat 310, and the two springs 330 are compressed and store elastic potential energy; on the other hand, the telescopic rod 321 drives the core measuring element 110 inside the protective seat 130 to slide along the slide groove 230 through the driving action of its own side wall and the inner wall of the telescopic groove 311.

[0061] The top of the protective base 130 is driven by the spring 330 above it and tends to move downwards, while the bottom of the protective base 130 is driven by the spring 330 below it and tends to move upwards. Since the deformation of the two springs 330 above and below the protective base 130 is the same, the protective base 130 is balanced by forces in the vertical direction and maintains a constant height within the mounting base 210. Its field of view intersection is always directly aligned with the center of the focusing channel 120.

[0062] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A geological surveying instrument with buffer protection, comprising a measuring host fixedly connected to the bottom of a handcart (100), the measuring host including a protective component (200), a core measuring element (110) disposed inside the protective component (200), and a pair of buffer components (300) disposed outside the core measuring element (110), characterized in that: The protective assembly (200) includes a mounting base (210) integrally formed with the bottom of the handcart (100). A protective cover (220) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base (210). The mounting base (210) has a focusing hole (213) on the side of the core measuring element (110) facing the forward direction. The core measuring element (110) is directly opposite the center of the focusing hole (213). The core measuring element (110) is suspended in the mounting base (210) by a pair of buffer assemblies (300) located above and below it. The buffer assembly (300) includes springs (330), and the core measuring element (110) is flexibly connected between the mounting base (210) and the protective cover (220) by two springs (330). The two springs (330) have the same stiffness coefficient so that when the core measuring element (110) slides relative to the mounting base (210) in the forward direction, the two springs (330) have the same amount of contraction. The thickness of the mounting base (210) and the protective cover (220) at the center line gradually increases from the middle to both ends; The mounting base (210) and the protective cover (220) are provided with corresponding positions of sliding grooves (230), which are parallel to the forward direction of the handcart (100). The mounting base (210) has a central cavity (211) at the center, which is used to set the core measuring element (110). The mounting base (210) has edge cavities (212) on both sides of the central cavity (211), which are isolated from the central cavity (211). The two buffer components (300) include buffer seats (310) fixedly connected to the upper and lower sides of the protective seat (130), respectively. A slide rod (320) is fixedly slidably connected to one end of the buffer seat (310) away from the protective seat (130). The buffer seat (310) and the slide rod (320) are elastically connected by a spring (330). The two slide rods (320) are slidably connected in corresponding slide grooves (230). The slide rods (320) are made of stainless steel.

2. The geological mapping instrument with buffer protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the protective cover (220) is arc-shaped, and the axis of the protective cover (220) is parallel to the forward direction of the handcart (100).

3. The geological surveying instrument with buffer protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the groove (230) is coated with a low coefficient of friction coating.

4. The geological surveying instrument with buffer protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core measuring element (110) is wrapped with a protective seat (130). The protective seat (130) has an opening on the side facing the direction of travel of the trolley (100). A damper is provided between the inner wall of the protective seat (130) and the side wall of the core measuring element (110) so that the uneven parts of the surface of the core measuring element (110) can be flexibly fitted with the inner wall of the protective seat (130). The damper can be made of rubber.

5. The geological surveying instrument with buffer protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer seat (310) has an internal telescopic groove (311), and the slide rod (320) has a telescopic rod (321) fixedly connected to the side near the protective seat (130).

6. The geological mapping instrument with buffer protection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (321) and the telescopic groove (311) are shaped to match. The cross-section of the telescopic rod (321) is circular, and the radius of the telescopic rod (321) is smaller than that of the slide rod (320). Both telescopic rods (321) are slidably connected to the corresponding telescopic groove (311).

7. The geological surveying instrument with buffer protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A focusing channel (120) is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting base (210) around the focusing hole (213).

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