Rail detection mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of railway detection, in particular to a rail detection mechanism which comprises a mounting seat, a high-speed camera and an ultrasonic flaw detection wheel, the mounting seat comprises a flaw detection wheel supporting plate, a camera supporting plate, a flaw detection wheel mounting seat and a camera mounting seat, and the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel is mounted on the flaw detection wheel supporting plate through the flaw detection wheel mounting seat. The high-speed camera is mounted on the camera supporting plate through the camera mounting base, the flaw detection wheel supporting plate and the camera supporting plate are arranged side by side in the advancing direction of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel, and the flaw detection wheel supporting plate and the camera supporting plate are detachably connected through a connecting plate. The ultrasonic flaw detection wheel and the high-speed camera are arranged in a split mode to form modularization. And when disassembly is needed, the connecting plate can be directly disassembled, so that subsequent disassembly and assembly are facilitated. And when ultrasonic flaw detection or visual detection is only needed, the connecting plate can be directly disassembled, so that the structure of the detection mechanism can more flexibly adapt to detection requirements of various changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of railway detection technology, and in particular to a railway track detection mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Railways, as a vital piece of transportation infrastructure, are directly linked to the safety of train operations and the lives and property of the people. Under the constant pressure of train loads and the erosion of the natural environment, rails are prone to defects such as cracks, wear, and deformation. If these defects are not discovered and addressed promptly, they can lead to serious accidents.

[0003] Currently, rail inspection primarily relies on two technologies: ultrasonic testing and visual inspection. Ultrasonic testing effectively detects internal rail defects such as cracks and inclusions, while visual inspection primarily identifies surface defects such as scratches, wear, and rust. Traditional rail inspection equipment typically integrates these two technologies into a single, complex device, making it difficult to maintain. Failure in a single inspection module often requires the entire system to be shut down for repair, significantly reducing inspection efficiency.

[0004] Furthermore, existing rail inspection equipment is often bulky and complex to operate, requiring specialized personnel. The inspection process often occupies the track, disrupting normal rail operations. In practice, inspection requirements vary across different railway lines and over time. Sometimes ultrasonic testing may be all that's needed, while other times, visual inspection may be all that's needed. Integrated equipment struggles to flexibly adapt to these changing requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application aims to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art to a certain extent. To this end, the embodiments of the present application provide a rail detection mechanism that can more flexibly adapt to various changing detection requirements.

[0006] A rail detection mechanism is used to be installed on an inspection vehicle. The rail detection mechanism includes a mounting seat, a high-speed camera and an ultrasonic flaw detection wheel. The mounting seat includes a flaw detection wheel support plate, a camera support plate, a flaw detection wheel mounting seat and a camera mounting seat. The ultrasonic flaw detection wheel is mounted on the flaw detection wheel support plate via the flaw detection wheel mounting seat. The ultrasonic flaw detection wheel is used to roll on the surface of the rail. The high-speed camera is mounted on the camera support plate via the camera mounting seat. A photographic area is provided on the camera support plate. The high-speed camera is used to photograph the rails in the photographic area. The flaw detection wheel support plate and the camera support plate are arranged side by side along the travel direction of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel. The flaw detection wheel support plate and the camera support plate are detachably connected via a connecting plate.

[0007] In an optional or preferred embodiment, the flaw detection wheel mounting seat includes a T-shaped block, a guide rod, a first elastic element, a second elastic element and a first baffle, the flaw detection wheel support plate is provided with a flaw detection wheel avoidance hole, four guide rods are vertically fixed on the flaw detection wheel support plate, the four guide rods are distributed in pairs on both sides of the flaw detection wheel avoidance hole, and the two guide rods on each side of the flaw detection wheel avoidance hole are parallel to each other, the T-shaped block is provided with two through holes, the T-shaped block cooperates with the guide rod on the same side of the flaw detection wheel avoidance hole through the through holes, the T-shaped block can slide along the length direction of the guide rod, the T-shaped blocks on both sides of the flaw detection wheel avoidance hole are rotatably connected to the connecting shaft of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel, the first baffle is provided on the top of the guide rod, the first elastic element is sleeved on the guide rod, and one end is pressed against the T-shaped block, and the other end is pressed against the first baffle, the second elastic element is sleeved on the guide rod, and one end is pressed against the T-shaped block, and the other end is pressed against the flaw detection wheel support plate.

[0008] In an optional or preferred embodiment, two camera support plates are provided, and the two flaw detection wheel support plates are arranged at intervals along the travel direction of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel, and the interval area between the two camera support plates is the photographing area, and the camera mounting seat includes a crossbeam, a connecting bracket, a guide column, and a third elastic element, and at least one guide column is vertically installed on each flaw detection wheel support plate, and the guide columns on each flaw detection wheel support plate are parallel to each other, and the crossbeam is provided above the two flaw detection wheel support plates, and the two ends of the crossbeam correspond to the two flaw detection wheel support plates, and assembly holes are provided at the two ends of the crossbeam, and the crossbeam cooperates with the guide columns on the two flaw detection wheel support plates through the assembly holes at both ends, and the third elastic element is sleeved on the guide column, and one end is pressed against the crossbeam, and the other end is pressed against the flaw detection wheel support plate, and two connecting brackets are provided, and the two connecting brackets are respectively fixed at the two ends of the crossbeam, and the high-speed camera is fixed on the two connecting brackets.

[0009] In an optional or preferred embodiment, a first auxiliary wheel is provided at the bottom of the flaw detection wheel support plate, and the first auxiliary wheel is located on both sides of the travel axis of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel.

[0010] In an optional or preferred embodiment, a second auxiliary wheel is provided at the bottom of the camera support plate, and the travel axis of the second auxiliary wheel is the same as the travel axis of the first auxiliary wheel.

[0011] In an optional or preferred embodiment, the detection mechanism also includes a clamping device, which is distributed on both sides of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel and both sides of the high-speed camera. The clamping device includes a connecting column, a fixed block, a clamping block, a fourth elastic element and a second baffle. The fixed block is installed on the flaw detection wheel support plate and the camera support plate. A guide hole is opened on the fixed block. The connecting column is vertically assembled in the guide hole. The connecting column can slide up and down relative to the fixed block in the guide hole. The second baffle is set on the top of the connecting column. The clamping block is fixed to the bottom of the connecting column. The fourth elastic element is sleeved on the connecting column. One end of the fourth elastic element is pressed against the fixed block, and the other end is pressed against the second baffle.

[0012] In an optional or preferred embodiment, the pressing block is a magnetic block.

[0013] In an optional or preferred embodiment, the connecting column on the camera support plate is coaxially arranged with the guide column, one end of the third elastic element is pressed against the crossbeam, and the other end is pressed against the second baffle.

[0014] In an optional or preferred embodiment, a coupling agent nozzle is provided in front of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel, and the coupling agent nozzle is connected to the flaw detection wheel support plate.

[0015] In an optional or preferred embodiment, the detection mechanism is further provided with a limiting structure, which includes a limiting wheel, a limiting wheel fixed cross arm, a connecting block, an adjusting rod and a fifth elastic element. The limiting wheel fixed cross arm extends along the travel direction of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel. A plurality of limiting wheels are provided, and each of the limiting wheels is arranged on the limiting wheel fixed cross arm at intervals along the length direction of the limiting wheel fixed cross arm. Each of the limiting wheels is used to press against the inner side of the rail. A plurality of connecting blocks are provided, and the connecting blocks are installed on both the camera support plate and the flaw detection wheel support plate. A connecting block, a transverse hole extending along the width direction of the inspection vehicle is provided on the connecting block, the adjusting rod is passed through the transverse hole and is gap-matched with the connecting hole, the two ends of the adjusting rod extend from the two ends of the transverse hole respectively, the adjusting rod can slide along the axial direction of the transverse hole, one end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the fixed crossbar of the limiting wheel, and an end cap is provided at the other end of the adjusting rod, the fifth elastic element is sleeved on the adjusting rod, one end of the fifth elastic element is pressed against the connecting block, and the other end is pressed against the end cap of the adjusting rod.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects: the present application installs the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel on the flaw detection wheel support plate via the flaw detection wheel mounting seat, and installs the high-speed camera on the camera support plate via the camera mounting seat, so that the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel and the high-speed camera are separately arranged, forming a modular structure. When disassembly is required, the connecting plate connecting the flaw detection wheel support plate and the camera support plate can be directly removed, thereby facilitating subsequent disassembly and assembly. When only ultrasonic flaw detection or only visual inspection is required, the connecting plate can be directly removed. Therefore, the structure of this detection mechanism can more flexibly adapt to various changing detection needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application on a rail; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the detection mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 7 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0018] Reference numerals: 100 - rail; 210 - high-speed camera; 220 - ultrasonic flaw detection wheel; 231 - flaw detection wheel support plate; 231a - flaw detection wheel avoidance hole; 231b - first auxiliary wheel; 231c - coupling agent nozzle; 232 - camera support plate; 232a - second auxiliary wheel; 233 - flaw detection wheel mounting seat; 233a - T-block; 233b - guide rod; 233c - first elastic element; 233d - second elastic element; 233e - first baffle; 234 - camera mounting seat; 234a - crossbeam; 2 34b-connecting bracket; 234c-guide column; 234d-third elastic element; 235-connecting plate; 236-photographing area; 240-pressing device; 241-connecting column; 242-fixing block; 243-pressing block; 244-fourth elastic element; 245-second baffle; 250-limiting structure; 251-limiting wheel; 252-limiting wheel fixing crossbeam; 253-connecting block; 254-adjusting rod; 254a-end cap; 255-fifth elastic element; 256-limiting wheel mounting seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0022] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0024] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0025] Railways, as a vital piece of transportation infrastructure, are directly linked to the safety of train operations and the lives and property of the people. Under the constant pressure of train loads and the erosion of the natural environment, rails are prone to defects such as cracks, wear, and deformation. If these defects are not discovered and addressed promptly, they can lead to serious accidents.

[0026] Currently, rail inspection primarily relies on two technologies: ultrasonic testing and visual inspection. Ultrasonic testing effectively detects internal rail defects such as cracks and inclusions, while visual inspection primarily identifies surface defects such as scratches, wear, and rust. Traditional rail inspection equipment typically integrates these two technologies into a single, complex device, making it difficult to maintain. Failure in a single inspection module often requires the entire system to be shut down for repair, significantly reducing inspection efficiency.

[0027] Furthermore, existing rail inspection equipment is often bulky and complex to operate, requiring specialized personnel. The inspection process often occupies the track, disrupting normal rail operations. In practice, inspection requirements vary across different railway lines and over time. Sometimes ultrasonic testing may be all that's needed, while other times, visual inspection may be all that's needed. Integrated equipment struggles to flexibly adapt to these changing requirements.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 7 The present application provides a rail inspection mechanism, including a mounting base, a high-speed camera 210 and an ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220.

[0029] The ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220 refers to a roller with a built-in ultrasonic sensor. It transmits ultrasonic signals through wheel-rail contact to detect internal cracks and structural abnormalities in the rail 100. The high-speed camera 210 is an imaging device with high frame rate shooting capabilities. It covers key areas on the surface of the rail 100 through a specific installation angle to capture surface microscopic defects.

[0030] The mounting seat includes a flaw detection wheel support plate 231, a camera support plate 232, a flaw detection wheel mounting seat 233 and a camera mounting seat 234. The ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220 is mounted on the flaw detection wheel support plate 231 through the flaw detection wheel mounting seat 233. The ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220 is used to roll on the surface of the rail 100. The high-speed camera 210 is mounted on the camera support plate 232 through the camera mounting seat 234. A photographic area 236 is provided on the camera support plate 232. The high-speed camera 210 is used to photograph the rail 100 in the photographic area 236. The flaw detection wheel support plate 231 and the camera support plate 232 are arranged side by side along the travel direction of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220. The flaw detection wheel support plate 231 and the camera support plate 232 are detachably connected by a connecting plate 235.

[0031] In this application, the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220 is installed on the flaw detection wheel support plate 231 via the flaw detection wheel mounting seat 233, and the high-speed camera 210 is installed on the camera support plate 232 via the camera mounting seat 234, so that the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220 and the high-speed camera 210 are separated and modularized. When disassembly is required, the connecting plate 235 connecting the flaw detection wheel support plate 231 and the camera support plate 232 can be directly disassembled, thereby facilitating subsequent disassembly and assembly. When only ultrasonic flaw detection or visual inspection is required, the connecting plate can be directly disassembled. Therefore, the structure of this detection mechanism can more flexibly adapt to various changing detection needs.

[0032] Bolt holes are provided at both ends of the connecting plate 235, and the two ends of the connecting plate 235 are detachably connected to the flaw detection wheel support plate 231 and the camera support plate 232 through bolts. Of course, the detachable connection method can also be a snap connection.

[0033] Reference Figure 7 The flaw detection wheel mounting seat 233 includes a T-shaped block 233a, a guide rod 233b, a first elastic element 233c, a second elastic element 233d and a first baffle 233e. The flaw detection wheel support plate 231 is provided with a flaw detection wheel avoidance hole 231a. Four guide rods 233b are vertically fixed on the flaw detection wheel support plate 231. The four guide rods 233b are distributed on both sides of the flaw detection wheel avoidance hole 231a in pairs, and the two guide rods 233b on each side of the flaw detection wheel avoidance hole 231a are parallel to each other. Two through holes are provided on the T-shaped block 233a. The T-shaped block 233a is connected to the flaw detection wheel avoidance hole 231a through the through holes. 1a cooperates with the guide rod 233b on the same side, and the T-block 233a can slide along the length direction of the guide rod 233b. The T-blocks 233a on both sides of the flaw detection wheel avoidance hole 231a are rotatably connected to the connecting shaft of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220. A first baffle 233e is set on the top of the guide rod 233b, and the first elastic element 233c is sleeved on the guide rod 233b, with one end pressed against the T-block 233a, and the other end pressed against the first baffle 233e. The second elastic element 233d is sleeved on the guide rod 233b, with one end pressed against the T-block 233a, and the other end pressed against the flaw detection wheel support plate 231.

[0034] The guide rod 233b is a vertical guide structure positioned on either side of the flaw detection wheel avoidance hole 231a. The guide rod 233b forms a sliding pair with the T-block 233a via a through-hole. The T-block 233a is a sliding component that supports the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220. The axis of the through-hole in the T-block 233a is parallel to the axis of the guide rod 233b, allowing the flaw detection wheel to move vertically. A first elastic element 233c, specifically a preloaded spring, is located above the guide rod 233b. This spring maintains the contact pressure between the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220 and the rail surface through a continuous elastic force. A second elastic element 233d, specifically a coil spring, is located below the guide rod 233b. This spring absorbs the upward impact of the bumps on the rail 100 through compression deformation. A first baffle 233e is secured to the top of the guide rod 233b via a nut, restraining the first elastic element 233c.

[0035] When a dent occurs on the rail 100, the first elastic element 233c pushes the T-block 233a downward to compensate for the height difference and maintain wheel-rail contact. When a bulge occurs on the rail 100, the second elastic element 233d is compressed to cushion the upward impact. This solution utilizes a dual elastic constraint mechanism, with independent buffer units located in both the upper and lower directions. This allows the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220 to both absorb the impact of bulges on the rail 100 and actively compensate for dents, maintaining contact pressure within the required detection threshold.

[0036] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, the present application realizes adaptive buffer adjustment of the flaw detection wheel under the condition of uneven rail 100, eliminating the detection pressure fluctuation caused by the geometric deformation of the rail 100. The flaw detection wheel support structure forms a bidirectional elastic constraint in the vertical direction, effectively absorbing the impact vibration of the rail 100 and avoiding distortion of the detection data. The guide rod 233b ensures the vertical accuracy of the flaw detection wheel movement trajectory and prevents lateral deviation from causing uneven contact surface. The synergistic effect of the first elastic element 233c and the second elastic element 233d maintains the continuous contact pressure between the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220 and the rail surface, ensuring the stability of the ultrasonic coupling effect and avoiding missed detection due to poor contact.

[0037] Reference Figure 4 、 Figure 6 There are two camera support plates 232, and the two flaw detection wheel support plates 231 are spaced apart along the length of the longitudinal tie rod 130. The space between the two camera support plates 232 is a photographing area 236. The camera mounting base 234 includes a crossbeam 234a, a connecting bracket 234b, a guide column 234c, and a third elastic element 234d. At least one guide column 234c is vertically mounted on each flaw detection wheel support plate 231. The guide columns 234c on the two flaw detection wheel support plates 231 are parallel to each other. The crossbeam 234a is set above the two flaw detection wheel support plates 231. The two ends of the crossbeam 234a correspond to the two flaw detection wheel support plates 231. The two ends of the crossbeam 234a are aligned with each other. Assembly holes are set at the ends, and the crossbeam 234a cooperates with the guide columns 234c on the two flaw detection wheel support plates 231 through the assembly holes at both ends. The third elastic element 234d is sleeved on the guide columns 234c, and one end is pressed against the crossbeam 234a, and the other end is pressed against the flaw detection wheel support plate 231. Two connecting brackets 234b are set, and the two connecting brackets 234b are respectively fixed at the two ends of the crossbeam 234a, and the high-speed camera 210 is fixed on the two connecting brackets 234b.

[0038] The sliding pair formed by the guide column 234c and the assembly hole on the beam 234a ensures that the beam 234a can only slide up and down in the vertical direction. When the vehicle body vibrates during movement, the third elastic element 234d absorbs the vibration energy to ensure the stability of the high-speed camera 210 on the beam 234a, effectively solving the problem of blurred camera imaging caused by vehicle body vibration.

[0039] A first auxiliary wheel 231b is set at the bottom of the flaw detection wheel support plate 231, and the first auxiliary wheel 231b is located on both sides of the travel axis of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220. A second auxiliary wheel 232a is set at the bottom of the camera support plate 232, and the travel axis of the second auxiliary wheel 232a is the same as the travel axis of the first auxiliary wheel 231b.

[0040] The first auxiliary wheel 231b is a rolling support component symmetrically arranged on both sides of the travel axis of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220. Specifically, the first auxiliary wheel 231b is installed at both ends of the bottom of the flaw detection wheel support plate 231. The first auxiliary wheel 231b plays the role of auxiliary support rolling, thereby improving the stability of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220 during travel.

[0041] Similarly, the second auxiliary wheels 232a are also rolling support components provided at both ends of the bottom of the camera support plate 232, which play a role in auxiliary support rolling and improve the stability of the high-speed camera 210 in shooting during the movement.

[0042] The first auxiliary wheel 231b and the second auxiliary wheel 232a can both be implemented by metal wheels with a rubber coating.

[0043] Reference Figure 6 、 Figure 7 The detection mechanism 200 also includes a clamping device 240, which is distributed on both sides of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220 and both sides of the high-speed camera 210. The clamping device 240 includes a connecting column 241, a fixed block 242, a clamping block 243, a fourth elastic element 244 and a second baffle 245. The fixed block 242 is installed on the flaw detection wheel support plate 231 and the camera support plate 232. A guide hole is provided on the fixed block 242. The connecting column 241 is vertically assembled in the guide hole. The connecting column 241 can slide up and down relative to the fixed block 242 in the guide hole. A second baffle 245 is provided on the top of the connecting column 241. The clamping block 243 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting column 241. The fourth elastic element 244 is sleeved on the connecting column 241. One end of the fourth elastic element 244 is pressed against the fixed block 242, and the other end is pressed against the second baffle 245.

[0044] Among them, the connecting column 241 is a guide component arranged in the vertical direction, which can be specifically made of a metal rod. The outer surface of the rod body of the connecting column 241 forms a clearance fit with the guide hole on the fixed block 242. The fourth elastic element 244 is a coil spring. The second baffle 245 is set on the top of the connecting column 241 to limit the fourth elastic element 244. When the inspection vehicle moves along the rail 100, the connecting column 241 on the fixed block 242 is pressed downward by the elastic force of the fourth elastic element 244, so that the clamping block 243 is pressed against the surface of the rail 100.

[0045] In some embodiments, the pressing block 243 is a magnetic block, specifically a permanent magnet, which is used to be adsorbed on the surface of the rail 100 .

[0046] As the inspection vehicle travels along the rail 100, the connecting post 241 on the fixed block 242 is pressed downward by the elastic force of the fourth elastic element 244, while the pressing block 243 is adsorbed onto the surface of the rail 100. This ensures that the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220, the first auxiliary wheel 231b on the flaw detection wheel support plate 231, and the second auxiliary wheel 232a on the camera support plate 232 are continuously pressed against the surface of the rail 100. When a localized bulge or depression appears on the surface of the rail 100, the connecting post 241 slides up and down along the guide hole in the fixed block 242, and the fourth elastic element 244 absorbs vibration energy through deformation. The pressing block 243 applies a magnetic attraction force in addition to the elastic pressure. This dual action ensures that the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220, the first auxiliary wheel 231b, and the second auxiliary wheel 232a all adhere to the rail 100 and roll along.

[0047] In some embodiments, the connecting column 241 on the camera support plate 232 is coaxially arranged with the guide column 234 c , and one end of the third elastic element 234 d is pressed against the beam 234 a , and the other end is pressed against the second baffle 245 .

[0048] This design allows the clamping device 240 on the camera support plate 232 to be combined with the guide column 234c on the beam 234a, that is, the guide column 234c and the connecting column 241 share the same rod, thereby making the overall structure more compact and improving space utilization.

[0049] The effectiveness of ultrasonic testing depends largely on the efficiency of ultrasonic wave transmission in the material. In order to improve this efficiency, refer to Figure 7 A couplant spray nozzle 231c is located in front of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel 220 and is connected to the flaw detection wheel support plate 231. The couplant spray nozzle 231c is connected to the couplant tank via a hose. As the inspection vehicle moves, the couplant is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the rail 100, forming a thin film that significantly increases the transmission efficiency of ultrasonic waves and enhances flaw detection quality.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5In some embodiments, the detection mechanism 200 is further provided with a limiting structure 250, which includes a limiting wheel 251, a limiting wheel fixed cross arm 252, a connecting block 253, an adjusting rod 254 and a fifth elastic element 255. The limiting wheel fixed cross arm 252 extends along the length direction of the longitudinal tie rod 130. A plurality of limiting wheels 251 are provided, and each limiting wheel 251 is arranged on the limiting wheel fixed cross arm 252 at intervals along the length direction of the limiting wheel fixed cross arm 252. Each limiting wheel 251 is used to press against the inner side of the rail 100. A plurality of connecting blocks 253 are provided. The camera support plate 232 and the flaw detection wheel support plate 23 1 are both installed with a connecting block 253, and a transverse hole extending along the width direction of the vehicle body is defined on the connecting block 253. An adjusting rod 254 is passed through the transverse hole and is clearance-matched with the transverse hole. Two ends of the adjusting rod 254 extend from two ends of the transverse hole respectively. The adjusting rod 254 can slide along the axial direction of the transverse hole. One end of the adjusting rod 254 is fixedly connected to the limiting wheel fixing crossbar 252, and the other end of the adjusting rod 254 is provided with an end cap 254a. The fifth elastic element 255 is sleeved on the adjusting rod 254, and one end of the fifth elastic element 255 is tightly pressed against the connecting block 253, and the other end is tightly pressed against the end cap 254a of the adjusting rod 254.

[0051] Specifically, the limiting wheel 251 is horizontally fixed to the limiting wheel fixing crossbar 252 via a limiting wheel mounting seat 256. In this application, a limiting wheel fixing crossbar 252 is provided on the inner side of the camera support plate 232 and the inner side of the flaw detection wheel support plate 231. The two limiting wheel fixing crossbars 252 are of the same height and aligned with each other. Connecting blocks 253 are provided at both ends of the bottom of the flaw detection wheel support plate 231. Each camera support plate 232 is provided with a connecting block 253 at both ends of the bottom. The adjustment rod 254 in the transverse hole of each connecting block 253 is connected to the limiting wheel fixing crossbar 252. The fifth elastic element 255 mounted on the adjusting rod 254 can play a buffering and adjusting role. This is equivalent to installing an independent limiting structure 250 on the inner side of the camera support plate 232 and the inner side of the flaw detection wheel support plate 231, thereby facilitating modular management.

[0052] Of course, in other embodiments, the limiting structure 250 can also be set as an integrated structure. Specifically, the inner side of the camera support plate 232 and the inner side of the flaw detection wheel support plate 231 are correspondingly provided with the same limiting wheel fixing crossbeam 252. The other settings are the same as the above-mentioned split setting direction and will not be repeated here.

[0053] During the inspection process, the limiting wheels 251 of the limiting structure 250 will synchronously roll along the inside of the rail 100, limiting the detection mechanism 200 and preventing lateral displacement of the detection mechanism 200 during operation. Furthermore, due to the provision of the fifth elastic element 255, the limiting structure 250 has a certain degree of lateral elastic adjustment capability, adapting to rails 100 of different widths and gauges. When the limiting structure 250 turns or crosses an obstacle on the rail 100, the expansion and contraction of the fifth elastic element 255 allows the limiting structure 250 to flexibly turn and cross obstacles on the rail 100.

[0054] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application.

Claims

1. A rail detection mechanism, characterized in that: Used to be installed on an inspection vehicle, the rail detection mechanism includes a mounting seat, a high-speed camera and an ultrasonic flaw detection wheel, the mounting seat includes a flaw detection wheel support plate, a camera support plate, a flaw detection wheel mounting seat and a camera mounting seat, the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel is mounted on the flaw detection wheel support plate through the flaw detection wheel mounting seat, the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel is used to roll on the surface of the rail, the high-speed camera is mounted on the camera support plate through the camera mounting seat, a photographic area is provided on the camera support plate, the high-speed camera is used to photograph the rails in the photographic area, the flaw detection wheel support plate and the camera support plate are arranged side by side along the travel direction of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel, and the flaw detection wheel support plate and the camera support plate are detachably connected by a connecting plate.

2. The rail detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheelbase is shortened and the strapping is retracted to allow the skid steer clear of the gear train and the skid steer clear of the gear train.

3. The rail detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two camera support plates are provided, and the two flaw detection wheel support plates are arranged at intervals along the travel direction of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel. The interval area between the two camera support plates is the photographing area. The camera mounting seat includes a crossbeam, a connecting bracket, a guide column, and a third elastic element. At least one guide column is vertically installed on each flaw detection wheel support plate, and the guide columns on each flaw detection wheel support plate are parallel to each other. The crossbeam is provided above the two flaw detection wheel support plates, and the two ends of the crossbeam correspond to the two flaw detection wheel support plates. Assembly holes are provided at the two ends of the crossbeam, and the crossbeam cooperates with the guide columns on the two flaw detection wheel support plates through the assembly holes at both ends. The third elastic element is sleeved on the guide column, and one end is pressed against the crossbeam, and the other end is pressed against the flaw detection wheel support plate. Two connecting brackets are provided, and the two connecting brackets are respectively fixed at the two ends of the crossbeam, and the high-speed camera is fixed on the two connecting brackets.

4. The rail detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first auxiliary wheel is provided at the bottom of the flaw detection wheel support plate, and the first auxiliary wheel is located on both sides of the travel axis of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel.

5. The rail detection mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second auxiliary wheel is provided at the bottom of the camera support plate, and the travel axis of the second auxiliary wheel is the same as the travel axis of the first auxiliary wheel.

6. The rail detection mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection mechanism also includes a clamping device, which is distributed on both sides of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel and both sides of the high-speed camera. The clamping device includes a connecting column, a fixed block, a clamping block, a fourth elastic element and a second baffle. The fixed block is installed on the flaw detection wheel support plate and the camera support plate. A guide hole is provided on the fixed block. The connecting column is vertically assembled in the guide hole. The connecting column can slide up and down relative to the fixed block in the guide hole. The second baffle is provided on the top of the connecting column. The clamping block is fixed to the bottom of the connecting column. The fourth elastic element is sleeved on the connecting column. One end of the fourth elastic element is pressed against the fixed block, and the other end is pressed against the second baffle.

7. The rail detection mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressing block is a magnetic block.

8. The rail detection mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting column on the camera support plate is coaxially arranged with the guide column, one end of the third elastic element is pressed against the crossbeam, and the other end is pressed against the second baffle.

9. The rail detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A coupling agent nozzle is arranged in front of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel, and the coupling agent nozzle is connected to the flaw detection wheel support plate.

10. The rail detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection mechanism is also provided with a limiting structure, which includes a limiting wheel, a limiting wheel fixed crossarm, a connecting block, an adjusting rod and a fifth elastic element. The limiting wheel fixed crossarm extends along the travel direction of the ultrasonic flaw detection wheel. There are multiple limiting wheels, and each limiting wheel is arranged on the limiting wheel fixed crossarm at intervals along the length direction of the limiting wheel fixed crossarm. Each limiting wheel is used to press against the inner side of the rail. There are multiple connecting blocks. The connecting blocks are installed on the camera support plate and the flaw detection wheel support plate. A transverse hole extending along the width direction of the inspection vehicle is provided on the connecting block. The adjusting rod is passed through the transverse hole and is gap-matched with the transverse hole. The two ends of the adjusting rod extend from the two ends of the transverse hole respectively. The adjusting rod can slide along the axial direction of the transverse hole. One end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the limiting wheel fixed crossarm. The other end of the adjusting rod is provided with an end cap. The fifth elastic element is sleeved on the adjusting rod. One end of the fifth elastic element is tightly pressed against the connecting block, and the other end is tightly pressed against the end cap of the adjusting rod.

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