Methods, apparatus, electronic devices, and storage media for estimating the state of charge of batteries.

Abstract

This invention discloses a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for estimating the state of charge (SOC) of a battery, relating to the field of battery technology. The method includes: determining the current operating state of the battery; if the current operating state is a charge-discharge alternation state, determining the previous depth of discharge and the previous state of health of the battery; calculating the current depth of discharge of the battery based on the current operating state and the previous depth of discharge; calculating the difference between the previous state of health and the current depth of discharge to obtain the initial SOC of the battery, and determining the previous state of health as the current state of health of the battery; and correcting the initial SOC based on the current state of health to obtain the current SOC of the battery. The technical solution of this invention enables real-time determination of the battery's SOC and effectively improves its determination accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for estimating the state of charge of a battery. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of battery technology, the State of Charge (SOC) is a core indicator reflecting the remaining capacity of a battery, and the accuracy of its estimation directly affects the energy management efficiency and safety performance of the battery system.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for estimating the state of charge of batteries are the open-circuit voltage method and the current integration method (Coulomb counting method). However, both of these methods have obvious limitations: the open-circuit voltage method requires the battery to be left undisturbed for a long time to eliminate polarization effects, making it difficult to adapt to dynamic charging and discharging scenarios and resulting in poor real-time performance; although the current integration method can achieve dynamic estimation, it is easily affected by battery aging factors, leading to significant long-term estimation deviations.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a new method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for estimating the state of charge of a battery, which can determine the state of charge of a battery in real time and effectively improve its determination accuracy.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for estimating the state of charge of a battery, the method comprising:

[0007] Determine the current operating status of the battery;

[0008] When the current operating state is a charge-discharge interaction state, determine the previous depth of discharge and the previous health state of the battery.

[0009] Based on the current operating state and the previous discharge depth, calculate the current discharge depth of the battery;

[0010] The difference between the previous health state and the current depth of discharge is calculated to obtain the initial state of charge of the battery, and the previous health state is determined as the current health state of the battery.

[0011] The initial state of charge is corrected based on the current health status to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0012] The technical solution of this invention first determines the current operating state of the battery, providing a basis for determining the specific estimation method of the battery's state of charge. Next, when the current operating state is a charge-discharge interaction state, the previous depth of discharge and previous health state of the battery are determined, providing a data foundation for determining the current depth of discharge and current health state. Then, based on the current operating state and the previous depth of discharge, the current depth of discharge of the battery is calculated, which can adapt to dynamic charge-discharge scenarios: different calculation logic is adopted for different operating states (accumulation during discharge, decrement during charging), which can reduce the error caused by a single formula calculation (such as ignoring the reverse influence of charging on the depth of discharge), making the result more closely reflect the actual power consumption, providing a data foundation for the subsequent calculation of the initial state of charge, and improving the accuracy of the initial state of charge calculation. Furthermore, using the "previous depth of discharge" as a benchmark, combined with the real-time current integral data of the current operating state, a dynamic connection between "historical state + real-time changes" can be achieved, avoiding calculation gaps caused by state switching and ensuring continuous updates of the depth of discharge value. Subsequently, the difference between the previous state of charge (SOH) and the current depth of discharge (DOH) is calculated to obtain the battery's initial state of charge (SOC). The previous SOH is then used as the current SOC, reducing the complexity of determining the initial SOC and minimizing latency caused by complex algorithms, thereby improving the real-time performance of estimating the current SOC. Simultaneously, using the previous SOH as the current SOC avoids error accumulation caused by high-frequency SOC estimation, maintains the continuity of state data (especially in the absence of real-time SOH detection), and provides a data foundation for subsequently obtaining the current SOC. Finally, the initial SOC is corrected based on the current SOC to obtain the current SOC, avoiding overestimation of the SOC caused by capacity decay due to battery aging and improving the accuracy of SOC estimation. Therefore, the technical solution of this invention solves the problems of poor real-time performance and large long-term estimation deviations in existing technologies.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a battery state of charge estimation device, the device comprising:

[0014] The first determining module is used to determine the current operating state of the battery;

[0015] The second determining module is used to determine the previous depth of discharge and the previous health state of the battery when the current working state is a charge-discharge interaction state.

[0016] The first calculation module is used to calculate the current depth of discharge of the battery based on the current working state and the previous depth of discharge.

[0017] The second calculation module is used to calculate the difference between the previous health state and the current depth of discharge to obtain the initial state of charge of the battery, and to determine the previous health state as the current health state of the battery.

[0018] The correction module is used to correct the initial state of charge based on the current health state to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0019] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0020] At least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the battery state-of-charge estimation method according to any of the first aspects.

[0021] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a computer processor, implement the battery state-of-charge estimation method described in any of the first aspects.

[0022] It should be noted that the aforementioned computer instructions may be stored, in whole or in part, on a computer-readable storage medium. This computer-readable storage medium may be packaged together with the processor of the battery state of charge estimation device, or it may be packaged separately from the processor of the battery state of charge estimation device; this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0023] The descriptions of the second, third, and fourth aspects in this application can be referenced to the detailed description of the first aspect; and the beneficial effects described in the second, third, and fourth aspects can be referenced to the analysis of the beneficial effects of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0024] In this application, the name of the aforementioned battery state of charge estimation device does not limit the device or functional module itself. In actual implementation, these devices or functional modules may appear under other names. As long as the function of each device or functional module is similar to that of this application, it falls within the scope of the claims of this application and its equivalents.

[0025] These or other aspects of this application will become more readily apparent in the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for estimating the state of charge of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating another method for estimating the state of charge of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a battery state of charge estimation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0032] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0033] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification and drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects or to distinguish different treatments of the same object, rather than to describe a specific order of objects.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in the description of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include other steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0035] Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be noted that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts describe the operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of these operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. Furthermore, the order of the operations can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operation is completed, but may also have additional steps not included in the figures. The process can correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subroutine, etc. Moreover, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0036] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0037] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating the state of charge (SOC) of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to situations requiring real-time estimation of the SOC of a battery. The method can be executed by a battery SOC estimation device, which can be implemented in software and / or hardware. For example, the device can be integrated into an electronic device. (Reference) Figure 1 The battery state of charge estimation method in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 110: Determine the current operating status of the battery.

[0040] Specifically, a battery refers to a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. The current operating state refers to the battery's operating condition at the current moment, such as: discharged state, fully charged state, idle state (i.e., open circuit state), or charge-discharge alternating state, etc.

[0041] In practice, the current current of the battery can be obtained first, and its amplitude can be determined as follows: if it is zero, the current working state is determined to be idle; if it is not zero, further judgment needs to be made based on the current voltage and the direction of the current current. Specifically, if the current current is flowing out of the battery, it is determined whether the current voltage is greater than the first preset voltage: if it is greater, the current working state is determined to be charge-discharge interaction state; if it is not greater, the current working state is determined to be discharged state. If the current current is flowing into the battery, it is determined whether the current voltage is equal to the second preset voltage and whether the current current is equal to the preset current amplitude: if both are satisfied, the current working state is determined to be fully charged state; otherwise, the current working state is determined to be charge-discharge interaction state.

[0042] The first preset voltage refers to the lowest operating voltage that the battery is allowed to reach in a discharge scenario (when the current flows out of the battery), determined in advance based on actual conditions or requirements. A voltage below this value indicates that the battery is fully discharged. The second preset voltage refers to the highest voltage threshold that the battery should reach when fully charged in a charging scenario (i.e., when the current flows into the battery), determined in advance based on actual conditions or requirements. The first preset voltage is lower than the second preset voltage. The preset current amplitude refers to the cutoff current amplitude that the battery should reach when fully charged in a charging scenario (when the current flows into the battery), determined in advance based on actual conditions or requirements.

[0043] In this embodiment, the above steps provide a basis for determining the specific estimation method for the battery state of charge.

[0044] Step 120: If the current working state is a charge-discharge interaction state, determine the previous depth of discharge and the previous health state of the battery.

[0045] Specifically, charge / discharge interaction refers to the energy interaction state of a battery (such as energy output or energy input), including the charging state and the discharging state. Depth of Discharge (DOD) refers to the proportion of discharged energy to the total usable energy, usually expressed as a percentage (%). State of Health (SOH) refers to the ratio of the current actual maximum usable capacity to the initial rated capacity (design capacity at the time of manufacture), usually expressed as a percentage (%). Previous depth of discharge refers to the depth of discharge at the time the battery's state of charge was last estimated. Previous state of health refers to the health state at the time the battery's state of charge was last estimated.

[0046] In practice, after determining that the current working state is a charge-discharge interaction state, the previous discharge depth and previous health state of the battery can be obtained from the database storing historical battery data.

[0047] In this embodiment, the above steps provide a data foundation for subsequently determining the current depth of discharge and current health status of the battery.

[0048] Step 130: Calculate the current depth of discharge of the battery based on the current operating state and the previous depth of discharge.

[0049] Specifically, the current depth of discharge refers to the battery's depth of discharge at the current moment. The charge / discharge interaction state includes both the discharge state and the charging state.

[0050] In the specific implementation, the battery current from the time corresponding to the previous discharge depth to the current time is first integrated over time to obtain the cumulative change in charge. Then, the ratio of this cumulative change in charge to the rated capacity is calculated to obtain the charge change ratio. After that, if the current operating state is the discharge state, the sum of the previous discharge depth and the charge change ratio is calculated to obtain the current discharge depth; if the current operating state is the charging state, the difference between the previous discharge depth and the charge change ratio is calculated to obtain the current discharge depth.

[0051] In this embodiment, the above steps enable adaptation to dynamic charging and discharging scenarios: Differentiated calculation logic (accumulation during discharge, decrementation during charging) is adopted for different operating states, reducing errors caused by a single formula (such as ignoring the reverse impact of charging on the depth of discharge), making the results more closely reflect the actual power consumption, providing a data foundation for subsequent initial state of charge calculation, and improving the accuracy of the initial state of charge calculation. Furthermore, using the "previous depth of discharge" as a benchmark, combined with real-time current integral data of the current operating state, a dynamic connection between "historical states + real-time changes" can be achieved, avoiding calculation gaps caused by state switching and ensuring continuous updates of the depth of discharge value.

[0052] Step 140: Calculate the difference between the previous health state and the current depth of discharge to obtain the initial state of charge of the battery, and determine the previous health state as the current health state of the battery.

[0053] Specifically, the initial state of charge (PSC) refers to the preliminary estimate of the battery's charge level at the current moment, calculated based on the previous state of health and the current depth of discharge. The current state of health refers to the battery's health status at the current moment.

[0054] In practice, the initial state of charge of the battery = the previous health state - the current depth of discharge; the current health state of the battery = the previous health state of the battery.

[0055] In this embodiment, the above steps reduce the complexity of determining the initial state of charge of the battery and reduce the delay caused by complex algorithms, thereby improving the real-time performance of estimating the current state of charge of the battery. At the same time, determining the previous health state as the current health state can avoid the accumulation of errors caused by high-frequency estimation of health state, maintain the continuity of state data (especially when real-time SOH detection is lacking), and provide a data foundation for obtaining the current state of charge of the battery in the future.

[0056] Step 150: Correct the initial state of charge based on the current health status to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0057] Specifically, the current state of charge (SBC) refers to the battery's current state of charge, obtained by correcting the initial SBC based on the current health status; it is the percentage of the battery's remaining charge at the current moment.

[0058] In practice, the battery's current operating parameters, current environmental parameters, current health state, and initial state of charge can be input into a pre-trained estimation model to obtain the battery's current state of charge. The pre-trained estimation model refers to a model trained based on the battery's historical operating parameters (such as historical voltage, historical current, and historical battery temperature), historical environmental parameters (such as ambient temperature and humidity), historical health states, historical initial states of charge, and the corresponding actual states of charge.

[0059] In this embodiment, the above steps avoid the problem of overestimation of state of charge caused by capacity decay due to battery aging, thereby improving the accuracy of state of charge estimation.

[0060] The battery state of charge estimation method provided in this invention first determines the current operating state of the battery, providing a basis for determining the specific estimation method of the battery state of charge. Next, if the current operating state is a charge-discharge interaction state, the previous depth of discharge and previous health state of the battery are determined, providing a data foundation for determining the current depth of discharge and current health state. Then, based on the current operating state and the previous depth of discharge, the current depth of discharge of the battery is calculated, which can adapt to dynamic charge-discharge scenarios: different calculation logic is adopted for different operating states (accumulation during discharge, decrement during charging), which can reduce the error caused by a single formula calculation (such as ignoring the reverse influence of charging on the depth of discharge), making the result more closely reflect the actual power consumption, providing a data foundation for the subsequent calculation of the initial state of charge, and improving the accuracy of the initial state of charge calculation. Furthermore, using the "previous depth of discharge" as a benchmark, combined with the real-time current integral data of the current operating state, a dynamic connection between "historical state + real-time changes" can be achieved, avoiding calculation gaps caused by state switching and ensuring continuous updates of the depth of discharge value. Subsequently, the difference between the previous state of charge (SOH) and the current depth of discharge (DOH) is calculated to obtain the battery's initial state of charge (SOC). The previous SOH is then used as the current SOC, reducing the complexity of determining the initial SOC and minimizing latency caused by complex algorithms, thereby improving the real-time performance of estimating the current SOC. Simultaneously, using the previous SOH as the current SOC avoids error accumulation caused by high-frequency SOC estimation, maintains the continuity of state data (especially in the absence of real-time SOH detection), and provides a data foundation for subsequently obtaining the current SOC. Finally, the initial SOC is corrected based on the current SOC to obtain the current SOC, avoiding overestimation of the SOC caused by capacity decay due to battery aging and improving the accuracy of SOC estimation. Therefore, the technical solution of this invention solves the problems of poor real-time performance and large long-term estimation deviations in existing technologies.

[0061] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for estimating the state of charge of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is a specific modification based on the above embodiment. In this embodiment, the method may further include:

[0062] Step 210: Determine the current operating status of the battery.

[0063] Optionally, the charge / discharge interaction state includes a discharge state and a charging state.

[0064] Optionally, the current operating state of the battery includes charge-discharge interaction state, empty state, fully charged state, and open circuit state.

[0065] Further, step 210 may specifically include: determining whether the amplitude of the current current of the battery is zero; if the amplitude of the current current is zero, then determining that the current operating state of the battery is an open circuit state; if the amplitude of the current current is not zero, then, if the direction of the current current of the battery is outflow from the battery, determining whether the current voltage of the battery is greater than a first preset voltage; if the current voltage is greater than the first preset voltage, then determining that the current operating state is a discharge state; if the current voltage is not greater than the first preset voltage, then determining that the current operating state is a depleted state; if the direction of the current current of the battery is inflow from the battery, determining whether the current voltage of the battery is equal to a second preset voltage and whether the amplitude of the current current is equal to a preset current amplitude; if the current voltage is equal to the second preset voltage and the amplitude of the current current is equal to the preset current amplitude, then determining that the current operating state is a fully charged state; otherwise, determining that the current operating state is a charging state.

[0066] Specifically, the first preset voltage is less than the second preset voltage. Discharge state refers to the battery's operating state where it outputs energy. Charging state refers to the operating state where an external power source inputs energy into the battery. Current current refers to the amplitude and direction of the current flowing through the battery at the current moment. Open circuit state refers to a state where no load is connected to the battery terminals and the circuit is disconnected. Outflow direction refers to the direction in which current flows from the positive terminal to the negative terminal. The first preset voltage is the minimum operating voltage that the battery is allowed to reach in a discharge scenario (when the current flows out of the battery), determined in advance based on actual conditions or requirements. Below this value, the battery is fully discharged. Empty state refers to a state where the battery is completely depleted. At this time, the current flows out of the battery (still attempting to discharge), but the current voltage is not greater than the first preset voltage, and it cannot continue to provide effective energy output. Inflow direction refers to the direction in which current flows into the battery from the positive terminal to the negative terminal. The second preset voltage is the maximum voltage threshold that the battery should reach when fully charged in a charging scenario (i.e., when the current flows into the battery), determined in advance based on actual conditions or requirements. The preset current amplitude refers to the cutoff current amplitude that the battery should reach when fully charged in a charging scenario (when the current flows into the battery), which is predetermined based on actual conditions or needs. "Fully charged" refers to the state where the battery is completely fully charged.

[0067] In practice, the current current of the battery can be obtained through a current sensor (such as a Hall current sensor or a fluxgate current sensor). Next, it is determined whether the amplitude of the current current is zero. If the amplitude is zero, it indicates that there is no energy flow in the battery, and the battery's current operating state can be determined to be open circuit. If the amplitude is not zero, further judgment is made based on the battery's current direction and voltage: first, the current voltage of the battery is obtained through a voltage sensor (such as a resistive voltage divider or a Hall voltage sensor). Then, when the current current of the battery is flowing out of the battery, it is determined whether the current voltage of the battery is greater than the first preset voltage. If the current voltage is greater than the first preset voltage, it means that the battery has not fallen below the minimum allowable discharge voltage, and the current working state of the battery can be determined as the discharge state. If the current voltage is not greater than the first preset voltage, it means that the battery can no longer provide effective energy output, and the current working state of the battery can be determined as the empty state. When the current current of the battery is flowing into the battery, it is determined whether the current voltage of the battery is equal to the second preset voltage and whether the amplitude of the current current of the battery is equal to the preset current amplitude. If the current voltage is equal to the second preset voltage and the amplitude of the current current is equal to the preset current amplitude, it means that the battery can no longer receive more energy, and the current working state of the battery can be determined as the fully charged state. Otherwise, the current working state of the battery is determined as the charging state.

[0068] In this embodiment, the above steps fully cover all typical operating states of the battery (open circuit, discharge, empty, charging, fully charged), improving the accuracy of determining the current operating state of the battery. At the same time, the determination process is simplified (only the current amplitude, direction and voltage / current threshold need to be compared), taking into account both real-time performance and reliability, and providing a precise basis for subsequently determining the current state of charge of the battery under different conditions.

[0069] Step 211: When the current working state is the charge-discharge interaction state, determine the previous discharge depth and the previous health state of the battery.

[0070] Further, determining the previous depth of discharge and the previous health state of the battery includes: determining whether the number of charge-discharge cycles of the battery is zero; if the number of charge-discharge cycles of the battery is zero, then determining the previous depth of discharge of the battery as a preset depth of discharge and determining the previous health state as a preset health state; if the number of charge-discharge cycles of the battery is not zero, then selecting the discharge depth with the largest timestamp from the historical discharge depths to determine the previous depth of discharge of the battery, and selecting the health state with the largest timestamp from the historical health states to determine the previous health state.

[0071] Specifically, charge / discharge cycle count refers to the cumulative number of complete cycles during which a battery starts discharging from a fully charged state, continues discharging until it is completely depleted, and then is fully recharged. Preset depth of discharge refers to the initial depth of discharge value preset according to actual conditions or needs before the battery's first use (when the charge / discharge cycle count is zero). Preset health status refers to the initial health status value preset according to actual conditions or needs before the battery's first use (when the charge / discharge cycle count is zero), for example, a preset health status of 100%. Historical depth of discharge refers to the set of depth of discharge data recorded each time during past use (when the charge / discharge cycle count is greater than zero), and this set usually includes a timestamp, indicating the specific time the data was recorded. Historical health status refers to the set of health status data recorded each time during past use (when the charge / discharge cycle count is greater than zero), and this set usually includes a timestamp.

[0072] In the specific implementation, the battery's charge-discharge cycle count is first obtained from the database storing battery operating data. Then, it is determined whether the cycle count is zero. If the charge-discharge cycle count is zero, it means that the current battery is a new battery. In this case, the preset discharge depth can be directly determined as the battery's previous discharge depth, and the preset health state can be determined as the previous health state. If the battery's charge-discharge cycle count is not zero, it means that the current battery is a used battery. In this case, the historical discharge depth and historical health state can be retrieved from the database storing battery historical data. The discharge depth and health state with the largest timestamp (i.e., the most recent record) are selected as the battery's previous discharge depth and previous health state.

[0073] Additionally, when the battery's charge-discharge cycle count is zero, the previous depth of discharge and previous state of health can be determined as follows: First, the previous state of health is set as a preset state. Then, the battery's open-circuit voltage is obtained, and the previous state of charge is obtained by looking up the open-circuit voltage in a table corresponding to the state of charge. Finally, the difference between the previous state of health and the previous state of charge is calculated to obtain the previous depth of discharge. The table corresponding to the open-circuit voltage and the state of charge is determined in advance based on actual conditions or requirements.

[0074] In this embodiment, the above steps can accommodate different scenarios for both new and old batteries, simplifying the state determination process. Simultaneously, it ensures that throughout the battery's entire lifecycle, from initial use to aging and eventual disposal, there is always a clear reference point for the "previous state," avoiding data gaps and guaranteeing data continuity. This provides a stable and accurate historical benchmark for subsequent dynamic estimation of battery state, helping to improve the overall accuracy of battery state estimation.

[0075] Step 212: Calculate the current depth of discharge of the battery based on the current operating state and the previous depth of discharge.

[0076] Further, step 212 may specifically include: integrating the battery current from the time corresponding to the previous discharge depth to the current time to obtain the cumulative change in charge; calculating the ratio of the cumulative change in charge to the rated capacity to obtain the discharge depth change rate; if the current operating state is a discharge state, calculating the product of the discharge depth change rate and the discharge efficiency to obtain the discharge correction depth increment; calculating the sum of the previous discharge depth and the discharge correction depth increment to obtain the current discharge depth; if the current operating state is a charging state, calculating the product of the discharge depth change rate and the charging efficiency to obtain the charging correction depth reduction; and calculating the difference between the previous discharge depth and the charging correction depth reduction to obtain the current discharge depth.

[0077] Specifically, cumulative change in charge refers to the total charge obtained by integrating the battery current from the time corresponding to the previous depth of discharge to the current time, reflecting the change in charge caused by charging and discharging from the "previous time" to the "current time". Rated capacity refers to the maximum amount of charge that the battery can discharge under standard design conditions (such as specific temperature and discharge rate). The rate of change in depth of discharge is the ratio of cumulative change in charge to rated capacity, used to quantify the proportion of the impact of charge change on the depth of discharge during this period. Discharge efficiency refers to the ratio of the actual usable charge to the theoretically released charge during battery discharge, used to correct for energy loss during discharge, and its value can be obtained experimentally. Discharge correction depth increment refers to the value of correcting the change in depth of discharge after considering the discharge efficiency factor. Charging efficiency refers to the ratio of the actual stored charge to the externally input charge during battery charging, used to correct for energy loss during charging. Charging correction depth reduction refers to the actual reduction in depth of discharge after considering charging efficiency.

[0078] In practice, the battery current from the time corresponding to the previous discharge depth (i.e., the time point when the previous discharge depth was recorded) to the current time can be integrated over time to obtain the cumulative change in charge. The specific calculation formula is as follows: Where C represents the cumulative change in charge, t1 is the time corresponding to the previous discharge depth, t2 is the current time, and I(t) is the instantaneous current value at time t. Then, the ratio of the cumulative change in charge to the rated capacity is calculated to obtain the discharge depth change rate, specifically calculated using the following formula: Where Cr is the rated capacity of the battery, and ΔD is the rate of change of depth of discharge.

[0079] Next, assuming the current operating state is discharge, the product of the discharge depth change rate and the discharge efficiency is calculated to obtain the discharge correction depth increment. The specific calculation formula is: DODz=ΔD·ηd Where DODz is the discharge correction depth increment, and η d The discharge efficiency of the battery is then calculated. Next, the sum of the previous discharge depth and the discharge correction depth increment is calculated to obtain the current discharge depth. The specific calculation formula is: DOD(t2) = DOD(t1) + DODz; where DOD(t1) is the previous discharge depth and DOD(t2) is the current discharge depth.

[0080] Given that the current operating state is charging, the product of the rate of change of discharge depth and the charging efficiency is calculated to obtain the charging correction depth reduction. The specific calculation formula is: DODj=ΔD·η c Where DODj is the charging correction depth reduction, and η c The charging efficiency of the battery is then calculated. Next, the difference between the previous discharge depth and the reduction in charging correction depth is calculated to obtain the current discharge depth. The specific calculation formula is as follows: DOD(t2) = DOD(t1) - DODj.

[0081] In this embodiment, the accuracy of the current discharge depth calculation result can be improved through the above steps.

[0082] Step 213: Calculate the difference between the previous health state and the current depth of discharge to obtain the initial state of charge of the battery, and determine the previous health state as the current health state of the battery.

[0083] In the specific implementation, after executing step 213, step 223 is executed to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0084] Step 214: When the current working state is empty, determine the initial state of charge of the battery as the preset state of charge, and determine the previous depth of discharge of the battery.

[0085] Specifically, the preset state of charge refers to the state of charge that is set in advance according to the actual situation or needs when the battery is in a depleted state. For example, the preset state of charge can be 0.

[0086] In practice, after determining that the current working state is an empty state, the initial state of charge of the battery can be determined as the preset state of charge, and the previous depth of discharge of the battery can be obtained from the database storing the battery's historical data.

[0087] In this embodiment, the above steps provide a data foundation for subsequently determining the current state of charge of the battery when the current working state is an empty state.

[0088] Step 215: Calculate the discharge correction depth increment based on the battery's rated capacity and discharge efficiency.

[0089] In practice, the battery current from the time corresponding to the previous discharge depth to the current time can be integrated over time to obtain the cumulative change in charge. The specific calculation formula is as follows: Next, the ratio of the cumulative change in charge to the rated capacity is calculated to obtain the discharge depth change rate. Finally, the product of the discharge depth change rate and the discharge efficiency is calculated to obtain the discharge correction depth increment.

[0090] In this embodiment, the energy loss during discharge is corrected through the above steps, thereby improving the accuracy of discharge depth calculation.

[0091] Step 216: Calculate the sum of the previous discharge depth and the discharge correction depth increment to obtain the current discharge depth.

[0092] In practice, when the current working state is an empty power state, the current discharge depth = the previous discharge depth + the discharge correction depth increment.

[0093] In this embodiment, the above steps provide a data foundation for obtaining the current health status of the battery.

[0094] Step 217: Determine the current depth of discharge as the current health status of the battery.

[0095] In practice, after obtaining the current depth of discharge, the current depth of discharge can be directly determined as the current state of health of the battery, i.e., the current state of health of the battery = the current depth of discharge. Next, step 223 is executed to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0096] In this embodiment, when the battery is currently in an empty state (i.e., fully discharged), the relationship between the depth of discharge and the state of health (SOH) can be used to accurately determine the health status: For a new battery (SOH = 100%), the actual amount of electricity discharged in its empty state is equal to the rated capacity, and the current depth of discharge is 100%, perfectly matching the SOH; for an aged battery (e.g., SOH = 80%), due to the decrease in actual capacity, the actual amount of electricity discharged in its empty state is only 80% of the rated capacity, and the current depth of discharge is 80%, which is exactly equal to the SOH. Therefore, through the above steps, there is no need to determine the health status through additional charge-discharge cycle tests as in traditional methods (traditional SOH calculation relies on a complete charge-discharge process). The current health status can be directly determined using only the depth of discharge, which improves the accuracy of determining the current health status and reduces the complexity of the process.

[0097] Step 218: If the current working state is fully charged, determine the previous depth of discharge and the previous health state of the battery.

[0098] In the specific implementation, when the current working state is fully charged, the method for determining the previous discharge depth and the previous health state of the battery is the same as the method in the charging and discharging interaction state, and will not be described again here.

[0099] In this embodiment, the above steps provide a data foundation for subsequent calculation of the battery's current state of charge.

[0100] Step 219: Calculate the depth-of-charge correction based on the battery's rated capacity and charging efficiency.

[0101] In practice, the battery current from the time corresponding to the previous discharge depth (i.e., the time point when the previous discharge depth was recorded) to the current time can be integrated over time to obtain the cumulative change in charge. The specific calculation formula is as follows: Next, the product of the rate of change of discharge depth and the charging efficiency is calculated to obtain the charging correction depth reduction.

[0102] In this embodiment, the above steps can accurately correct energy loss during the charging process and improve the accuracy of the depth of discharge calculation when fully charged.

[0103] Step 220: Calculate the difference between the previous discharge depth and the charge correction depth reduction to obtain the current discharge depth.

[0104] In practice, when the current working state is fully charged, the current discharge depth = the previous discharge depth - the charging correction depth reduction.

[0105] In this embodiment, the above steps provide a data foundation for obtaining the current health status of the battery.

[0106] Step 221: Calculate the difference between the previous healthy state and the current depth of discharge to obtain the initial state of charge of the battery.

[0107] In practice, the initial state of charge of the battery = previous healthy state - current depth of discharge.

[0108] In this embodiment, the above steps simplify the calculation process of the initial state of charge, improve real-time performance, and provide a data foundation for obtaining the current state of charge of the battery.

[0109] Step 222: Determine the initial state of charge as the current health state of the battery.

[0110] In practice, when the current operating state is fully charged, the initial state of charge can be directly determined as the current health state of the battery. Next, step 223 is executed to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0111] In this embodiment, when the battery is currently in a fully charged state (i.e., the battery is fully charged), the relationship between the state of charge (SOH) and the state of health can be used to accurately determine the health status: for a new battery (SOH = 100%), the initial state of charge (SOC) is 100%, which perfectly matches the SOH; for an aged battery (e.g., SOH = 80%), the initial state of charge (SOC) is 80%, which is exactly equal to the SOH. Therefore, through the above steps, there is no need to determine the health status through additional charge-discharge cycle tests as in traditional methods. The current health status can be directly determined using only the initial state of charge, which improves the accuracy of determining the current health status and reduces the complexity of the process.

[0112] In one embodiment, to improve the accuracy of current state of charge estimation when the battery is in an open-circuit state, the current open-circuit voltage of the battery can be obtained first, and the previous health state of the battery can be determined. Then, based on the current open-circuit voltage, a pre-calibrated open-circuit voltage-state of charge correspondence table is queried to obtain the initial state of charge. The previous health state is then determined as the current health state of the battery. Finally, the initial state of charge is corrected based on the current health state to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0113] Step 223: Correct the initial state of charge based on the current health status to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0114] In practice, after obtaining the current health state and initial state of charge, these two values ​​can be substituted into a pre-defined estimation formula to obtain the battery's current state of charge. The estimation formula is obtained by fitting the battery's historical health states, historical initial states of charge, and corresponding actual states of charge.

[0115] Furthermore, a neural network approach can be used to construct an estimation formula: Using historical operating parameters, environmental parameters, charge / discharge cycle counts, rated capacity, health status, initial state of charge (SBC), and the corresponding actual SBC as training data, a deep network model is trained to obtain an estimation formula that reflects the mapping relationship between the battery's multidimensional parameters and the current SBC. In practical applications, once the current health status and initial SBC are obtained, it is only necessary to collect the corresponding current operating parameters, environmental parameters, charge / discharge cycle counts, rated capacity, and other relevant parameters, and input these parameters into the trained estimation formula to obtain the battery's current SBC.

[0116] Further, step 223 may specifically include: obtaining the current operating parameters and current environmental parameters of the battery; inputting the current operating parameters, current environmental parameters, current health state and initial state of charge into a pre-trained state of charge estimation model to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0117] Specifically, current operating parameters refer to physical quantities directly related to the battery's operating state that are monitored in real time during the current operation. Examples include the battery's current voltage, current current, and current temperature. Current environmental parameters refer to the physical conditions of the external environment in which the battery operates during the current operation. Examples include ambient temperature, humidity, and air pressure. The state-of-charge (SOC) estimation model is a model trained based on the battery's historical operating parameters, historical environmental parameters, historical health states, historical initial SOC, and the corresponding actual SOC.

[0118] In practice, the current operating parameters of the battery can be obtained first through sensors installed on the battery itself, and the current environmental parameters can be obtained through sensors deployed in the battery's operating environment. Then, the current operating parameters, current environmental parameters, current health status, and initial state of charge are input into a pre-trained state of charge estimation model to obtain the battery's current state of charge. It should be noted that if the current operating parameters include the battery's current voltage and current, and these have already been acquired in the aforementioned step of determining the current operating state, this step does not need to repeat the data acquisition to reduce redundant operations.

[0119] In addition, to further improve the model estimation accuracy, parameters reflecting long-term use characteristics, such as the battery's historical charge-discharge cycle count and historical rated capacity, can be included in the training data. That is, the deep network model can be trained based on the battery's historical operating parameters, historical environmental parameters, historical charge-discharge cycle count, historical rated capacity, historical health status, historical initial state of charge, and the corresponding actual state of charge to obtain the required state of charge estimation model.

[0120] Furthermore, after obtaining the current state of charge (SBC), the deviation between the current SBC and the initial SBC can be calculated (e.g., deviation = |initial SBC - current SBC| / current SBC). If this deviation exceeds a preset deviation threshold (e.g., 0.1), it indicates an anomaly in the current SBC estimation result. In this case, a prompt message can be sent to the operator's terminal, such as: "SBC estimation abnormal; it is recommended to check or replace the measuring sensor (e.g., current sensor)." If, after replacing the sensor, the deviation between the recalculated current SBC and the initial SBC still exceeds the preset deviation threshold, the operational data for this stage is included in the training set, and the SBC estimation model is retrained to optimize the model's estimation accuracy.

[0121] In this embodiment, the above steps effectively integrate multi-dimensional parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of state of charge estimation.

[0122] It should be noted that step 210 above first determines the current operating state of the battery, and based on this, three branches are derived: steps 211-213 (charge-discharge interaction state branch), steps 214-217 (empty charge state branch), and steps 218-222 (fully charged state branch). These three branches operate independently, and after any branch is fully executed, step 223 is entered. This branching design allows for the adaptation of differentiated estimation logic under different battery operating states, accurately covering scenarios such as charge-discharge interaction, empty charge, and fully charged states, thereby making the estimation of the battery's state of charge under complex operating conditions more targeted and accurate.

[0123] The battery state of charge estimation method provided in this invention first determines the current operating state of the battery, providing a basis for determining the specific estimation method of the battery state of charge. Next, if the current operating state is a charge-discharge interaction state, the previous depth of discharge and previous health state of the battery are determined, providing a data foundation for determining the current depth of discharge and current health state. Then, based on the current operating state and the previous depth of discharge, the current depth of discharge of the battery is calculated, which can adapt to dynamic charge-discharge scenarios: different calculation logic is used for different operating states, which can reduce the error caused by a single formula calculation, making the result more consistent with the actual power consumption, providing a data foundation for the subsequent calculation of the initial state of charge, and improving the accuracy of the initial state of charge calculation. Furthermore, using the "previous depth of discharge" as a benchmark, combined with the real-time current integral data of the current operating state, a dynamic connection between "historical state + real-time changes" can be achieved, avoiding calculation gaps caused by state switching and ensuring continuous updates of the depth of discharge value. Next, the difference between the previous health state and the current depth of discharge is calculated to obtain the battery's initial state of charge (SOC). The previous SOC is then used as the current SOC, reducing the complexity of determining the initial SOC and minimizing latency caused by complex algorithms, thereby improving the real-time performance of estimating the current SOC. Simultaneously, using the previous SOC as the current SOC avoids error accumulation caused by high-frequency health state estimation, maintains the continuity of state data, and provides a data foundation for subsequently obtaining the current SOC. When the current operating state is depleted, the initial SOC is determined as a preset SOC, and the previous depth of discharge is determined, providing a data foundation for subsequently determining the current SOC when the current operating state is depleted. Based on the battery's rated capacity and discharge efficiency, the discharge correction depth increment is calculated to correct for energy loss during discharge and improve the accuracy of discharge depth calculation. The sum of the previous discharge depth and the discharge correction depth increment is calculated to obtain the current discharge depth, providing a data foundation for subsequently obtaining the current SOC. Determining the current depth of discharge as the battery's current state of health improves the accuracy of this determination while reducing the complexity of the process. When the battery is currently fully charged, determining the previous depth of discharge and previous state of health provides a data foundation for subsequent calculations of the current state of charge. Based on the battery's rated capacity and charging efficiency, calculating the charging correction depth reduction accurately corrects for energy losses during charging, improving the accuracy of depth of discharge calculations when fully charged. Calculating the difference between the previous depth of discharge and the charging correction depth reduction yields the current depth of discharge, providing a data foundation for obtaining the battery's current state of health.The initial state of charge (SOC) of the battery is obtained by calculating the difference between the previous health state and the current depth of discharge. This simplifies the calculation process, improves real-time performance, and provides a data foundation for obtaining the current SOC. Determining the initial SOC as the current health state improves the accuracy of the current health state determination and reduces the complexity of the process. Finally, the initial SOC is corrected based on the current health state to obtain the current SOC, avoiding the overestimation of SOC caused by capacity decay due to battery aging and improving the accuracy of SOC estimation. Therefore, the technical solution of this invention solves the problems of poor real-time performance and large long-term estimation deviations in existing technologies.

[0124] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a battery state of charge estimation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This device belongs to the same inventive concept as the battery state of charge estimation method in the above embodiments. For details not described in detail in the embodiments of the battery state of charge estimation device, please refer to the embodiments of the battery state of charge estimation method described above.

[0125] like Figure 3 As shown, the device includes:

[0126] The first determining module 310 is used to determine the current operating state of the battery;

[0127] The second determining module 320 is used to determine the previous depth of discharge and the previous health state of the battery when the current working state is a charge-discharge interaction state.

[0128] The first calculation module 330 is used to calculate the current depth of discharge of the battery based on the current working state and the previous depth of discharge.

[0129] The second calculation module 340 is used to calculate the difference between the previous health state and the current depth of discharge to obtain the initial state of charge of the battery, and to determine the previous health state as the current health state of the battery.

[0130] The correction module 350 is used to correct the initial state of charge based on the current health state to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0131] Based on the above embodiments, the charge-discharge interaction state includes a discharge state and a charging state. The first determining module 310 is specifically used for:

[0132] The system determines whether the amplitude of the current current of the battery is zero; if the amplitude of the current current is zero, the current operating state of the battery is determined to be open circuit; if the amplitude of the current current is not zero, and the direction of the current current is outflow from the battery, it determines whether the current voltage of the battery is greater than a first preset voltage; if the current voltage is greater than the first preset voltage, the current operating state is determined to be discharge state; if the current voltage is not greater than the first preset voltage, the current operating state is determined to be depleted state; if the direction of the current current is inflow from the battery, it determines whether the current voltage of the battery is equal to a second preset voltage and whether the amplitude of the current current is equal to a preset current amplitude; if the current voltage is equal to the second preset voltage and the amplitude of the current current is equal to the preset current amplitude, the current operating state is determined to be fully charged state; otherwise, the current operating state is determined to be charging state; the first preset voltage is less than the second preset voltage.

[0133] Based on the above embodiments, the device further includes:

[0134] The depletion correction module is used to, after determining the current operating state of the battery, and in the case that the current operating state is the depletion state, determine the initial state of charge of the battery as a preset state of charge and determine the previous depth of discharge of the battery; calculate the discharge correction depth increment based on the rated capacity and the discharge efficiency of the battery; calculate the sum of the previous discharge depth and the discharge correction depth increment to obtain the current discharge depth; determine the current discharge depth as the current health state of the battery, trigger the execution of correction of the initial state of charge based on the current health state to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0135] Based on the above embodiments, the device further includes:

[0136] A full charge correction module is used to determine the previous depth of discharge and the previous state of health of the battery when the current operating state is the fully charged state; calculate the charge correction depth reduction based on the rated capacity and the charging efficiency of the battery; calculate the difference between the previous depth of discharge and the charge correction depth reduction to obtain the current depth of discharge; calculate the difference between the previous state of health and the current depth of discharge to obtain the initial state of charge of the battery; determine the initial state of charge as the current state of health of the battery; and trigger the execution of correction of the initial state of charge based on the current state of health to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0137] Based on the above embodiments, the first calculation module 330 is specifically used for:

[0138] The battery current from the time corresponding to the previous discharge depth to the current time is integrated over time to obtain the cumulative change in charge. The ratio of the cumulative change in charge to the rated capacity is calculated to obtain the discharge depth change rate. When the current operating state is the discharge state, the product of the discharge depth change rate and the discharge efficiency is calculated to obtain the discharge correction depth increment. The sum of the previous discharge depth and the discharge correction depth increment is calculated to obtain the current discharge depth. When the current operating state is the charging state, the product of the discharge depth change rate and the charging efficiency is calculated to obtain the charging correction depth reduction. The difference between the previous discharge depth and the charging correction depth reduction is calculated to obtain the current discharge depth.

[0139] Based on the above embodiments, the second determining module 320 is specifically used for:

[0140] Determine whether the number of charge-discharge cycles of the battery is zero; if the number of charge-discharge cycles of the battery is zero, then determine the previous discharge depth of the battery as a preset discharge depth, and determine the previous health state as a preset health state; if the number of charge-discharge cycles of the battery is not zero, then select the discharge depth with the largest timestamp from the historical discharge depths to determine the previous discharge depth of the battery, and select the health state with the largest timestamp from the historical health states to determine the previous health state.

[0141] Based on the above embodiments, the correction module 350 is specifically used for:

[0142] Obtain the current operating parameters and current environmental parameters of the battery; input the current operating parameters, the current environmental parameters, the current health state, and the initial state of charge into a pre-trained state of charge estimation model to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0143] The battery state of charge estimation device provided in the embodiments of the present invention can execute the battery state of charge estimation method provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of executing the method.

[0144] It is worth noting that in the embodiments of the battery state of charge estimation device described above, the various units and modules included are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above division, as long as the corresponding functions can be achieved; in addition, the specific names of each functional unit are only for easy distinction between each other and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0145] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4A block diagram of an exemplary electronic device 4 suitable for implementing embodiments of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 The electronic device 4 shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0146] like Figure 4 As shown, electronic device 4 is represented in the form of a general-purpose computing electronic device. The components of electronic device 4 may include, but are not limited to: one or more processors or processing units 16, system memory 28, and bus 18 connecting different system components (including system memory 28 and processing unit 16).

[0147] Bus 18 represents one or more of several bus architectures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processor, or a local bus using any of the various bus architectures. For example, these architectures include, but are not limited to, the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, the Micro Channel Architecture (MAC) bus, the Enhanced ISA bus, the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0148] Electronic device 4 typically includes a variety of computer system readable media. These media can be any available media that can be accessed by electronic device 4, including volatile and non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media.

[0149] System memory 28 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) 30 and / or cache memory 32. Electronic device 4 may further include other removable / non-removable, volatile / non-volatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, storage system 34 may be used to read and write non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media (… Figure 4 Not shown; usually referred to as a "hard drive"). Although Figure 4 Not shown, a disk drive for reading and writing to a removable non-volatile disk (e.g., a "floppy disk") and an optical disk drive for reading and writing to a removable non-volatile optical disk (e.g., a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to bus 18 via one or more data media interfaces. System memory 28 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules configured to perform the functions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0150] A program / utility 40 having a set (at least one) of program modules 42 may be stored, for example, in system memory 28. Such program modules 42 include, but are not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data. Each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment. Program modules 42 typically perform the functions and / or methods described in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0151] Electronic device 4 can also communicate with one or more external devices 14 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display 24, etc.), and with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with electronic device 4, and / or with any device that enables electronic device 4 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.). This communication can be performed through input / output (I / O) interface 22. Furthermore, electronic device 4 can also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and / or public networks, such as the Internet) through network adapter 20. Figure 4 As shown, network adapter 20 communicates with other modules of electronic device 4 via bus 18. It should be understood that, although... Figure 4 Not shown, it can be combined with electronic device 4 to use other hardware and / or software modules, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0152] Processing unit 16 executes various functional applications and page displays by running programs stored in system memory 28, such as implementing the battery state of charge estimation method provided in this embodiment of the invention, which includes:

[0153] Determine the current operating status of the battery;

[0154] When the current operating state is a charge-discharge interaction state, determine the previous depth of discharge and the previous health state of the battery.

[0155] Based on the current operating state and the previous discharge depth, calculate the current discharge depth of the battery;

[0156] The difference between the previous health state and the current depth of discharge is calculated to obtain the initial state of charge of the battery, and the previous health state is determined as the current health state of the battery.

[0157] The initial state of charge is corrected based on the current health status to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0158] Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that the processor can also implement the technical solution of the battery state of charge estimation method provided in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0159] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements, for example, a battery state-of-charge estimation method provided in this invention, the method comprising:

[0160] Determine the current operating status of the battery;

[0161] When the current operating state is a charge-discharge interaction state, determine the previous depth of discharge and the previous health state of the battery.

[0162] Based on the current operating state and the previous discharge depth, calculate the current discharge depth of the battery;

[0163] The difference between the previous health state and the current depth of discharge is calculated to obtain the initial state of charge of the battery, and the previous health state is determined as the current health state of the battery.

[0164] The initial state of charge is corrected based on the current health status to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

[0165] The computer storage medium of this invention can be any combination of one or more computer-readable media. A computer-readable medium can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. For example, a computer-readable storage medium can be, but is not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this document, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0166] Computer-readable signal media may include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. Computer-readable signal media may also be any computer-readable medium other than computer-readable storage media, capable of sending, propagating, or transmitting programs for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0167] Program code contained on a computer-readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0168] Computer program code for performing the operations of this invention can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof. Programming languages ​​include object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages—such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0169] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Optionally, they can be implemented using computer-executable program code, thereby allowing them to be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0170] Furthermore, the acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution of this invention all comply with relevant laws and regulations.

[0171] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of estimating a state of charge of a battery, characterized by, The method comprises: determining the current working state of the battery; in the case that the current working state is a charge-discharge interaction state, determining the last discharge depth and the last health state of the battery; based on the current working state and the last discharge depth, calculating the current discharge depth of the battery; calculating the difference between the last health state and the current discharge depth to obtain the initial state of charge of the battery, and determining the last health state as the current health state of the battery; based on the current health state, correcting the initial state of charge to obtain the current state of charge of the battery; wherein the charge-discharge interaction state includes a discharge state and a charging state, and the determination of the current working state of the battery comprises: determining whether the amplitude of the current of the battery is zero; if the amplitude of the current is zero, it is determined that the current working state of the battery is an open circuit state; if the amplitude of the current is not zero, in the case that the direction of the current of the battery is out of the battery, it is determined whether the current voltage of the battery is greater than a first preset voltage; wherein the first preset voltage is the minimum working voltage of the battery in the discharge scenario; if the current voltage is greater than the first preset voltage, it is determined that the current working state is the discharge state; if the current voltage is not greater than the first preset voltage, it is determined that the current working state is an empty state; in the case that the direction of the current of the battery is into the battery, it is determined whether the current voltage of the battery is equal to a second preset voltage and the amplitude of the current is equal to a preset current amplitude; wherein the second preset voltage is the maximum voltage threshold of the battery when fully charged in the charging scenario; the preset current amplitude is the cut-off current amplitude of the battery when fully charged in the charging scenario; if the current voltage is equal to the second preset voltage and the amplitude of the current is equal to the preset current amplitude, it is determined that the current working state is a full state; otherwise, it is determined that the current working state is the charging state; wherein the first preset voltage is less than the second preset voltage; in the case that the current working state is an empty state, determining that the initial state of charge of the battery is a preset state of charge, and determining the last discharge depth of the battery; based on the rated capacity of the battery and the discharge efficiency of the battery, calculating a discharge correction depth increment; calculating the sum of the last discharge depth and the discharge correction depth increment to obtain the current discharge depth; determining the current discharge depth as the current health state of the battery, triggering the correction of the initial state of charge based on the current health state to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

2. The method of estimating state of charge of a battery according to claim 1, characterized by, After determining the current working state of the battery, it further comprises: in the case that the current working state is the full state, determining the last discharge depth and the last health state of the battery; based on the rated capacity and the charging efficiency of the battery, calculating a charging correction depth decrement; calculating the difference between the last discharge depth and the charging correction depth decrement to obtain the current discharge depth; calculating a difference between the previous health state and the current discharge depth to obtain an initial state of charge of the battery, determining the initial state of charge as a current health state of the battery, and triggering correction of the initial state of charge based on the current health state to obtain a current state of charge of the battery.

3. The method of estimating state of charge of a battery according to claim 2, characterized by, calculating a current discharge depth of the battery based on the current working state and the previous discharge depth, including: time-integrating a current of the battery from a time point corresponding to the previous discharge depth to a current time point to obtain an accumulated change amount of electricity, calculating a ratio of the accumulated change amount of electricity to the rated capacity to obtain a discharge depth change rate; in a case where the current working state is the discharge state, calculating a product of the discharge depth change rate and the discharge efficiency to obtain a discharge correction depth increment, and calculating a sum of the previous discharge depth and the discharge correction depth increment to obtain the current discharge depth; in a case where the current working state is the charge state, calculating a product of the discharge depth change rate and the charge efficiency to obtain a charge correction depth decrement, and calculating a difference between the previous discharge depth and the charge correction depth decrement to obtain the current discharge depth.

4. The method of estimating state of charge of a battery according to claim 1, characterized by, determining a previous discharge depth and a previous health state of the battery, including: determining whether a number of charge-discharge cycles of the battery is zero; if the number of charge-discharge cycles of the battery is zero, determining the previous discharge depth of the battery as a preset discharge depth, and determining the previous health state as a preset health state; if the number of charge-discharge cycles of the battery is not zero, selecting a discharge depth with a maximum time stamp from historical discharge depths to determine the previous discharge depth of the battery, and selecting a health state with a maximum time stamp from historical health states to determine the previous health state.

5. The method of estimating state of charge of a battery according to claim 1, characterized by, correcting the initial state of charge based on the current health state to obtain a current state of charge of the battery, including: obtaining a current working parameter and a current environmental parameter of the battery; inputting the current working parameter, the current environmental parameter, the current health state and the initial state of charge into a pre-trained state of charge estimation model to obtain the current state of charge of the battery.

6. A device for estimating a state of charge of a battery, characterized by The apparatus includes: a first determination module configured to determine a current working state of a battery; a second determination module configured to, in a case where the current working state is a charge-discharge interactive state, determine a previous discharge depth and a previous health state of the battery; a first calculation module configured to calculate a current discharge depth of the battery based on the current working state and the previous discharge depth; a second calculation module configured to calculate a difference between the previous health state and the current discharge depth to obtain an initial state of charge of the battery, and determine the previous health state as a current health state of the battery; a correction module configured to correct the initial state of charge based on the current health state to obtain a current state of charge of the battery; wherein the charge-discharge interactive state includes a discharge state and a charge state, and the first determination module is specifically configured to: determining whether a magnitude of a current of the battery is zero; if the magnitude of the current is zero, determining that a current state of the battery is an open circuit state; if the magnitude of the current is not zero, determining whether a current voltage of the battery is greater than a first preset voltage in a case that a direction of the current of the battery is a direction flowing out of the battery, wherein the first preset voltage is a minimum operating voltage of the battery in a discharging scenario; if the current voltage is greater than the first preset voltage, determining that the current state is the discharging state; if the current voltage is not greater than the first preset voltage, determining that the current state is an empty state; determining whether the current voltage is equal to a second preset voltage and whether the magnitude of the current is equal to a preset current magnitude in a case that the direction of the current of the battery is a direction flowing into the battery, wherein the second preset voltage is a maximum voltage threshold of the battery in a charging scenario, and the preset current magnitude is a current magnitude reached by the battery in the charging scenario when the battery is fully charged; if the current voltage is equal to the second preset voltage and the magnitude of the current is equal to the preset current magnitude, determining that the current state is a full state; otherwise, determining that the current state is the charging state, wherein the first preset voltage is less than the second preset voltage; an empty correction module configured to: determine that an initial state of charge of the battery is a preset state of charge and determine a last discharge depth of the battery in a case that the current state is the empty state; calculate a discharge correction depth increment based on a rated capacity of the battery and a discharge efficiency of the battery; calculate a sum of the last discharge depth and the discharge correction depth increment to obtain the current discharge depth; determine the current discharge depth as a current health state of the battery, and trigger correction of the initial state of charge based on the current health state to obtain a current state of charge of the battery.

7. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory connected to the at least one processor in communication; wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the battery state of charge estimation method of any one of claims 1-5.

8. A storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that, The computer executable instructions, when executed by a computer processor, are used to execute the battery state of charge estimation method of any one of claims 1-5. The computer executable instructions, when executed by a computer processor, are used to execute the battery state of charge estimation method of any one of claims 1-5.

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