Efficient energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine

Abstract

The application discloses a high-efficiency energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine, and belongs to the technical field of biomass pellet fuel, which comprises a speed reducer, a driving motor installed on an input shaft of the speed reducer, a main shaft driven by the speed reducer, a machine body located outside the main shaft and limiting the main shaft, and a machine cover arranged on the top of the machine body, a compression roller is rotatably installed at the top end of the main shaft, a positioning plate limiting the compression roller is installed between the top of the compression roller and the top end of the main shaft, oblique teeth are uniformly arranged on the surface of the compression roller, and honeycomb grooves are arranged between the tooth roots of adjacent oblique teeth. The structure of the compression roller is optimized, oblique teeth and honeycomb grooves are arranged on the surface of the compression roller, the contact area and the friction coefficient of the compression roller and raw materials are greatly increased, the oblique teeth can enhance the shearing and extruding effect on the raw materials, the honeycomb grooves can temporarily store part of the raw materials to form "secondary friction", the total amount of heat generated by friction in unit time is improved, and the initial dependence on external heating is reduced, so that the energy consumption is reduced from the source.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a molding machine, in particular to a high-efficiency energy-saving biomass pellet fuel molding machine, belonging to the technical field of biomass pellet fuel. BACKGROUND

[0002] Biomass pellet fuel, as an important substitute for fossil energy, its molding process relies on molding machine to extrude and bond loose raw materials (such as sawdust, straw, etc.) into high-density pellets. In this process, lignin in raw materials needs to be heated to 160~180℃ softening point to play a bonding role, so the heating link is the core component of the energy consumption of the molding machine.

[0003] At present, only external heating method is used to realize lignin softening in the industry. In the molding process, the extrusion contact of raw materials and pressure roller and the forced movement of raw materials in the mold hole will inevitably generate friction heat, which can assist lignin softening, but the traditional equipment cannot realize the recovery due to the design defects of the structure:

[0004] The surface of the pressure roller is mostly smooth or simple tooth structure, and the friction strength with the raw material is low, and the heat generation efficiency is insufficient;

[0005] The mold hole adopts straight hole design, the movement path of the raw material is short, the friction time is insufficient, the total amount of heat generation is limited, and the heat distribution is dispersed, which cannot be focused on the key area of lignin melting;

[0006] Lack of heat recovery mechanism, the excess heat generated in the middle section of the mold is lost through natural heat dissipation, and the raw materials at the inlet section cannot be preheated, forming a double energy loss of "continuous energy consumption of external heating and waste of friction heat".

[0007] The above problems lead to the utilization rate of friction heat of the traditional molding machine being only about 10%, and the energy is wasted seriously, which is contrary to the energy saving requirement under the current "double carbon" target. Therefore, it is a key technical requirement to develop a molding machine structure that can efficiently recover friction heat and reduce the dependence on external heating, which is a key technical requirement to reduce the energy consumption of biomass pellet production and improve the economic efficiency of the industry SUMMARY

[0008] The main purpose of the present application is to provide an efficient energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine, by optimizing the structure of the compression roller, a slope tooth and a honeycomb groove are arranged on the surface thereof, which greatly increases the contact area and friction coefficient of the compression roller and the raw materials, the slope tooth can enhance the shearing and extruding effect on the raw materials, and the honeycomb groove can temporarily store part of the raw materials to form "secondary friction", so that the total amount of heat generated by friction in unit time is improved, which reduces the initial dependence on external heating and reduces energy consumption from the source, by arranging a spiral guide rib in the extrusion hole of the ring mold, the raw materials move along the spiral path during extrusion, which not only prolongs the friction time, but also allows the heat to concentrate towards the center of the hole through the spiral guide, so that the temperature concentration of the lignin softening area is improved, at the same time, the spiral structure reduces the probability of raw material blockage, ensures that the heat acts stably on the lignin, reduces the invalid energy consumption, and the heat circulation loop formed by the heat conducting ring, the intermediate collecting groove, the inlet shunt groove, the through pipe, the one-way valve, the intermediate guide groove and the front end guide groove arranged between the top and the bottom of the ring mold can collect the excess heat in the middle section of the ring mold and deliver it to the inlet section to preheat the raw materials, cooperate with the through mechanism composed of the bimetallic strip, the push rod and the sealing plug, and only when the heat in the middle section exceeds 180℃, the through loop is opened, which not only ensures the quality of the pellet forming, but also reduces the heat loss of the middle section to the outside, realizes the efficient recovery of friction heat, and through the rotation mechanism composed of the vertical rod, the outer gear ring, the first gear, the shaft, the second gear, the inner gear ring, the fixed ring and the protective sleeve arranged in the inside of the machine cover, the rotation of the material pushing plate is automatically controlled through mechanical transmission and rotation with the main shaft, the fixed-length pellet is scraped off, no additional motor is needed, the equipment energy consumption is reduced, and the operation convenience and energy saving are improved.

[0009] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

[0010] An efficient energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine, comprising a speed reducer, a driving motor mounted on the input shaft of the speed reducer, a main shaft driven by the speed reducer, a machine body located outside the main shaft and limiting the main shaft, and a machine cover arranged on the top of the machine body;

[0011] The top end of the main shaft is rotatably installed with a compression roller, a positioning plate limiting the compression roller is installed between the top of the compression roller and the top end of the main shaft, and the surface of the compression roller is uniformly provided with a slope tooth, and a honeycomb groove is arranged between the tooth roots of adjacent slope teeth;

[0012] The top of the machine body is fixedly installed with a ring mold matched with the compression roller, the surface of the ring mold is uniformly provided with extrusion holes, and the inner side of the extrusion holes is provided with a spiral guide rib;

[0013] A heat circulation loop is arranged between the top and the bottom of the ring mold for delivering the excess heat in the middle section of the ring mold to the inlet section;

[0014] The outer side of the top of the machine body is rotatably provided with a rotating disc, the top of the rotating disc is fixedly provided with a stirring plate, and the inner side of the cover is provided with a rotating mechanism for rotating the rotating disc in linkage with the rotation of the main shaft.

[0015] The top of one side of the cover is provided with an exhaust mechanism for discharging steam.

[0016] Preferably, the angle between the inclined direction of the inclined prongs and the rotation direction of the compression roller is 30-60°, and the height of the inclined prongs is 5-10 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the spiral flow guide ribs extend spirally along the inner wall of the extrusion hole, the number of the spiral flow guide ribs is 3-6, and the height of the spiral flow guide ribs is 0.5-1 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the heat circulation loop comprises a heat conduction ring, an intermediate collecting groove, an inlet branch groove, a through pipe, a one-way valve, a through structure, an intermediate guide groove and a front end guide groove, the heat conduction ring is fixed at the top and the bottom of the ring die, the intermediate collecting groove is formed in the middle section of the ring die, the intermediate guide groove is vertically and uniformly formed in the middle section of the ring die, the inlet branch groove is formed in the heat conduction ring near the inlet section of the extrusion hole, the front end guide groove is vertically and uniformly formed in the ring die near the inlet section, the through pipe is uniformly arranged between the intermediate collecting groove and the inlet branch groove in the heat conduction ring, the one-way valve is arranged on the through pipe, the one-way valve at the top of the heat conduction ring of the ring die is a one-way liquid inlet valve, the one-way valve at the bottom of the heat conduction ring of the ring die is a one-way liquid outlet valve, the intermediate collecting groove, the inlet branch groove, the through pipe, the intermediate guide groove and the front end guide groove are filled with heat conduction oil, and the through structure for controlling the on-off of the through pipe is arranged in the intermediate collecting groove at the top of the ring die.

[0019] Preferably, the through structure comprises a bimetallic strip, a push rod and a sealing plug, the bimetallic strip is vertically and uniformly fixed at the top of the intermediate collecting groove, the push rod is arranged on the side of the bimetallic strip near the through pipe, the end of the push rod is fixedly provided with the sealing plug, and the end of the sealing plug is inserted into the through pipe.

[0020] Preferably, the rotating mechanism comprises a vertical rod, an outer gear ring, a first gear, a shaft, a second gear and an inner gear ring, the vertical rod is uniformly fixed at the top of the positioning plate, the top end of the vertical rod is horizontally fixedly provided with the outer gear ring, the top of the outer gear ring is attached to the middle section of the cover, the shaft is vertically and uniformly rotatably arranged in the cover, the top end of the shaft is provided with the first gear meshing with the outer gear ring, the bottom end of the shaft is provided with the second gear, the inner bottom of the cover is horizontally provided with the inner gear ring, the inner side of the inner gear ring is meshed with the second gear, and the top of the stirring plate is fixedly connected with the inner gear ring.

[0021] Preferably, the top end and the bottom end of the stirring plate are both provided with a waist-shaped groove, and the stirring plate is fixedly connected with the rotating disc and the inner gear ring through bolts.

[0022] Preferably, the inner bottom of the cover is provided with a protective sleeve, the top end of the protective sleeve is attached to the bottom of the outer gear ring, a fixing ring is fixed between the inner side of the cover and the protective sleeve, and the shaft rod passes through the fixing ring and is rotationally connected to the fixing ring through a bearing.

[0023] Preferably, the exhaust mechanism comprises a funnel cover, an exhaust pipe and a filter screen, the funnel cover is fixed to the inner top end of the cover, the bottom end of the funnel cover extends to the inside of the protective sleeve, the top of the outer side of the cover is provided with the exhaust pipe, and the inner end of the exhaust pipe is fixed with the filter screen.

[0024] Preferably, the top end of the outer gear ring is vertically fixed with a brush plate, and the outer side of the brush plate is attached to the inner wall of the cover.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0026] The present application provides a high-efficiency energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine, which optimizes the structure of the compression roller, and is provided with inclined ribs and honeycomb grooves on the surface thereof, thereby greatly increasing the contact area and friction coefficient of the compression roller and the raw materials. The inclined ribs can enhance the shearing and extruding effect on the raw materials, and the honeycomb grooves can temporarily store part of the raw materials to form "secondary friction", so that the total amount of heat generated by friction per unit time is improved. This improvement reduces the initial dependence on external heating and reduces energy consumption from the source.

[0027] By providing a spiral guide rib in the extrusion hole of the ring mold, the raw materials move along a spiral path during extrusion, not only prolonging the friction time, but also allowing heat to concentrate towards the center of the hole through the spiral guide, thereby improving the temperature concentration of the lignin softening area. At the same time, the spiral structure reduces the probability of raw material blockage, ensures that heat is stably applied to lignin, and reduces invalid energy consumption.

[0028] The heat circulation loop formed by the heat-conducting ring, the intermediate flow collector, the inlet flow divider, the through pipe, the one-way valve, the intermediate guide groove and the front end guide groove between the top and bottom of the ring mold can collect excess heat in the middle section of the ring mold and deliver it to the preheated raw materials in the inlet section. In cooperation with the through mechanism composed of the bimetallic strip, the push rod and the sealing plug, the through loop is only opened when the middle section temperature exceeds 180 DEG C, which not only ensures the quality of pellet forming, but also reduces the heat loss of the middle section to the outside, realizes the efficient recovery of friction heat, and improves the operation convenience and energy saving.

[0029] By providing a rotating mechanism composed of a vertical rod, an outer gear ring, a first gear, a shaft rod, a second gear, an inner gear ring, a fixing ring, a protective sleeve in the inside of the cover, the rotating of the material pushing plate is automatically controlled by the rotation of the main shaft through mechanical transmission, the fixed-length scraping of the formed pellets is realized, no additional motor is needed, the energy consumption of the equipment is reduced, and the operation convenience and energy saving are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1The internal section view of the machine body of a preferred embodiment of the high-efficiency energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine;

[0031] Figure 2 The surface structure diagram of the compression roller of a preferred embodiment of the high-efficiency energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine;

[0032] Figure 3 The section view of the ring die of a preferred embodiment of the high-efficiency energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine;

[0033] Figure 4 The top view of the ring die of a preferred embodiment of the high-efficiency energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine;

[0034] Figure 5 The section view of the heat-conducting ring of a preferred embodiment of the high-efficiency energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine;

[0035] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the material pushing plate of a preferred embodiment of the high-efficiency energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine;

[0036] Figure 7 The rotation mechanism diagram of a preferred embodiment of the high-efficiency energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine;

[0037] Figure 8 The internal structure diagram of the machine cover of a preferred embodiment of the high-efficiency energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine;

[0038] Figure 9 The front view of a preferred embodiment of the high-efficiency energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine.

[0039] In the figure: 1, speed reducer; 101, driving motor; 102, main shaft; 103, machine body; 104, machine cover;

[0040] 2, compression roller; 3, oblique prong; 4, honeycomb groove; 5, positioning plate; 6, ring die; 7, extrusion hole; 8, spiral flow guide rib; 9, heat-conducting ring; 10, intermediate busbar; 11, inlet shunt groove; 12, through pipe; 13, one-way valve;

[0041] 14, through structure; 1401, bimetallic strip; 1402, push rod; 1403, sealing plug;

[0042] 15, intermediate guide groove; 16, front end guide groove; 17, rotating disc;

[0043] 18, material pushing plate; 1801, waist-shaped groove;

[0044] 19. Rotating mechanism; 1901. Vertical rod; 1902. External gear ring; 1903. First gear; 1904. Shaft; 1905. Second gear; 1906. Internal gear ring; 1907. Fixed ring; 1908. Protective sleeve;

[0045] 20. Exhaust mechanism; 2001. Funnel cover; 2002. Exhaust pipe; 2003. Filter screen; 2004. Brush plate. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] like Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine, including a reducer 1, a drive motor 101 mounted on the input shaft of the reducer 1, a main shaft 102 driven by the reducer 1, a machine body 103 located outside the main shaft 102 and limiting the main shaft 102, and a machine cover 104 provided on the top of the machine body 103.

[0049] The drive motor 101 drives the main shaft 102 to rotate through the reducer 1, providing power to the equipment;

[0050] A pressure roller 2 is rotatably mounted on the top end of the main shaft 102. A positioning plate 5 for limiting the pressure roller 2 is installed between the top end of the pressure roller 2 and the top end of the main shaft 102. The surface of the pressure roller 2 is uniformly provided with oblique teeth 3, and honeycomb grooves 4 are provided between the roots of adjacent oblique teeth 3.

[0051] After the raw material enters the equipment from the top of the cover 104, the main shaft 102 drives the pressure roller 2 at the top to rotate synchronously. The raw material is squeezed in the gap between the pressure roller 2 and the ring die 6. The oblique teeth 3 on the surface of the pressure roller 2 rotate with the pressure roller 2, generating shearing and squeezing action on the raw material, increasing the friction intensity. The honeycomb grooves 4 of adjacent teeth temporarily store some raw material, forming "secondary friction", which greatly increases the total amount of frictional heat generated per unit time and reduces the dependence on external heating.

[0052] The top of the machine body 103 is fixedly installed with a ring die 6 that cooperates with the pressure roller 2. The surface of the ring die 6 is evenly provided with extrusion holes 7, and the inner side of each extrusion hole 7 is provided with a spiral guide rib 8.

[0053] The raw material is continuously squeezed into the extrusion hole 7 of the ring die 6. The spiral guide rib 8 inside the extrusion hole 7 guides the raw material to move along the spiral path, prolonging the friction time and causing heat to accumulate in the center of the channel, increasing the temperature concentration of the lignin softening area, promoting lignin bonding, and the spiral structure reduces the probability of raw material blockage and ensures heat stability.

[0054] The heat circulation loop is arranged between the top and the bottom of the ring die 6, and is used to transport the excess heat in the middle section of the ring die 6 to the inlet section;

[0055] The heat circulation loop of the ring die 6 actively collects the excess heat (exceeding 180℃ required for lignin softening) in the middle section, and transports the excess heat to the inlet section, preheats the raw material just entering, and reduces the heat loss in the middle section;

[0056] The outer side of the top of the machine body 103 is rotatably provided with a rotating disc 17, the top of the rotating disc 17 is fixedly provided with a poking plate 18, and the inner side of the machine cover 104 is provided with a rotating mechanism 19 which is linked to rotate the rotating disc 17 along with the rotation of the main shaft 102;

[0057] When the main shaft 102 rotates, the rotating disc 17 and the poking plate 18 are linked to rotate through the rotating mechanism 19, and the formed particles discharged from the extrusion hole 7 are automatically scraped off, without the need of additional power;

[0058] The top of one side of the machine cover 104 is provided with an exhaust mechanism 20 for discharging steam;

[0059] The steam generated in the process of heating the raw material is discharged in time through the exhaust mechanism 20, so as to avoid the accumulation of the steam affecting the particle forming quality.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] The scheme in Embodiment 1 will be further introduced in combination with a specific working mode, and details are described as follows:

[0062] In this embodiment, the included angle between the inclined direction of the oblique prongs 3 and the rotation direction of the compression roller 2 is 30-60°, and the height of the oblique prongs 3 is 5-10mm;

[0063] For the wood raw material (such as wood chips), the inclined angle is 45-60°, and the height is 8-10mm, because the wood fiber is tough, stronger shearing force is needed;

[0064] For the raw material of the straw type fiber which is soft, the inclined angle is 30-45°, and the height is 5-7mm, so as to avoid excessive crushing leading to fiber breakage.

[0065] Partial working principle: when the compression roller 2 rotates, the prongs cut into the raw material at the inclined angle, which not only enhances the shearing force on the raw material, but also guarantees the contact area with the raw material through the height of 5-10mm. The honeycomb groove 4 at the tooth root of the adjacent prongs temporarily stores part of the raw material, and the raw material in the groove is rubbed with the subsequent raw material to further improve the friction heat generation efficiency and reduce the external heating energy consumption.

[0066] In this embodiment, the spiral guide ribs 8 extend along the inner wall of the extrusion hole 7, the number of spiral guide ribs 8 is 3-6, the height of the spiral guide ribs 8 is 0.5-1mm, the guide ribs 8 and the inner wall of the extrusion hole 7 adopt circular arc transition (fillet radius 0.1-0.2mm), avoid raw material jam, the end of the guide rib 8, close to the outlet of the extrusion hole 7, gradually narrow to 0.2mm, reduce the surface scratch of the particles.

[0067] Local working principle: after the raw material is pressed into the extrusion hole 7, it moves along the spiral path under the guidance of the spiral guide rib 8, which can prolong the friction time of the raw material in the hole, increase the total amount of heat generation, and the height of 0.5-1mm can guide the spiral movement of the raw material, avoid excessive obstruction of the raw material flow, reduce the probability of blockage, and ensure that the heat acts on the lignin stably.

[0068] In this embodiment, the heat circulation loop includes heat conducting ring 9, intermediate collecting groove 10, inlet shunt groove 11, through pipe 12, one-way valve 13, through structure 14, intermediate guide groove 15 and front end guide groove 16, the heat conducting ring 9 is fixed on the top and bottom of the ring die 6, the intermediate collecting groove 10 is arranged in the middle section of the ring die 6, the intermediate guide groove 15 is vertically and uniformly arranged on the circumference of the middle section of the ring die 6, the inlet shunt groove 11 is arranged near the inlet section of the ring die 6, the front end guide groove 16 is vertically and uniformly arranged on the circumference of the ring die 6 near the inlet section, the through pipe 12 is uniformly arranged between the intermediate collecting groove 10 and the inlet shunt groove 11 in the heat conducting ring 9, the one-way valve 13 is arranged on the through pipe 12, the one-way valve 13 on the top of the heat conducting ring 9 of the ring die 6 is a one-way inlet valve, the one-way valve 13 on the bottom of the heat conducting ring 9 of the ring die 6 is a one-way outlet valve, the opening pressure of the one-way inlet valve is 0.1-0.2MPa, the opening pressure of the one-way outlet valve is 0.05-0.1MPa, which can avoid the uneven distribution of heat caused by the reverse flow of heat conducting oil, the inside of the intermediate collecting groove 10, the inlet shunt groove 11, the through pipe 12, the intermediate guide groove 15 and the front end guide groove 16 is filled with heat conducting oil, and the through structure 14 is arranged in the intermediate collecting groove 10 on the top of the ring die 6 to control the on-off of the through pipe 12.

[0069] Local working principle: the middle section of the ring die 6 generates excess heat (more than 180℃) due to friction of the raw material, the heat is transmitted by heat conducting oil, collected to the intermediate collecting groove 10 through the intermediate guide groove 15, when the temperature in the intermediate collecting groove 10 reaches the standard, the through structure 14 opens the through pipe 12, the heat conducting oil circulates through the through pipe 12 under the control of the top one-way inlet valve and the bottom one-way outlet valve, the inlet shunt groove 11 uniformly distributes the heat to the inlet section of the ring die 6 through the front end guide groove 16, preheats the raw material just entering, reduces the external heating demand.

[0070] In this embodiment, the conduction structure 14 includes bimetallic strips 1401, push rods 1402, and sealing plugs 1403, the bimetallic strips 1401 are uniformly and vertically fixed at the top of the middle busbar 10, the bimetallic strips 1401 are provided with the push rods 1402 near one side of the conduction pipe 12, the end of the push rod 1402 is fixed with the sealing plug 1403, and the end of the sealing plug 1403 is inserted into the inside of the conduction pipe 12.

[0071] Local working principle: the bimetallic strips 1401 are composed of iron-nickel alloy and copper-zinc alloy, with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm, the sealing plug 1403 blocks the conduction pipe 12 at room temperature, when the middle section temperature of the ring mold 6 exceeds 180℃ (lignin softening critical temperature), the bimetallic strips 1401 bend due to the difference in thermal expansion, push the push rod 1402 to make the sealing plug 1403 separate from the conduction pipe 12, and the conduction heat circulation loop is formed, the sealing plug 1403 is completely pushed away at 200℃, ensuring the accurate triggering of heat circulation, when the temperature is lower than 180℃, the bimetallic strips 1401 reset, and the sealing plug 1403 blocks the conduction pipe 12 again, ensuring that the middle section temperature is not lower than the lignin softening point, and ensuring the pellet forming quality.

[0072] In this embodiment, the rotating mechanism 19 includes vertical rods 1901, outer tooth rings 1902, first gears 1903, shaft rods 1904, second gears 1905, and inner tooth rings 1906, the vertical rods 1901 are uniformly fixed at the top of the positioning plate 5, the top end of the vertical rod 1901 is horizontally fixed and installed with the outer tooth ring 1902, the top of the outer tooth ring 1902 is attached to the middle section of the machine cover 104, the inside of the machine cover 104 is uniformly and vertically installed with the shaft rod 1904 along the circumference, the top end of the shaft rod 1904 is installed with the first gear 1903 meshing with the outer tooth ring 1902, the bottom end of the shaft rod 1904 is installed with the second gear 1905, the inner bottom of the machine cover 104 is horizontally installed with the inner tooth ring 1906, the inner side of the inner tooth ring 1906 is meshed with the second gear 1905, and the top of the material pushing plate 18 is fixedly connected with the inner tooth ring 1906.

[0073] Local working principle: the main shaft 102 drives the positioning plate 5 to rotate, the vertical rod 1901 on the positioning plate synchronously drives the outer tooth ring 1902 to rotate, the outer tooth ring 1902 is meshed with the first gear 1903, drives the shaft rod 1904 to rotate, the second gear 1905 at the bottom end of the shaft rod 1904 rotates with it, the second gear 1905 is meshed with the inner tooth ring 1906, drives the inner tooth ring 1906 and the material pushing plate 18 fixed thereon to rotate slowly, the whole process does not need an additional motor, and the power of the main shaft 102 is used to realize the synchronous slow rotation of the material pushing plate 18, accurately scrapes off the formed particles, and reduces energy consumption.

[0074] In this embodiment, the top end and the bottom end of the material pushing plate 18 are provided with waist-shaped grooves 1801, and the material pushing plate 18 is fixedly connected with the rotating disc 17 and the inner tooth ring 1906 through bolts.

[0075] Local working principle: the waist-shaped groove 1801 allows fine adjustment of the position of the material pushing plate 18 to produce granular raw materials of appropriate length.

[0076] In this embodiment, the inner bottom of the machine cover 104 is provided with a protective sleeve 1908, the top end of the protective sleeve 1908 is attached to the bottom of the outer tooth ring 1902, a fixing ring 1907 is fixed between the inner side of the machine cover 104 and the protective sleeve 1908, the shaft rod 1904 passes through the fixing ring 1907, and the shaft rod 1904 is rotationally connected with the fixing ring 1907 through a bearing.

[0077] Local working principle: the top end of the protective sleeve 1908 is attached to the bottom of the outer tooth ring 1902, which isolates the raw materials from the rotating mechanism 19 and prevents raw material dust from entering the mechanism to affect the transmission accuracy, the fixing ring 1907 fixes the shaft rod 1904 through a bearing to ensure the stability of the shaft rod 1904 during rotation, reduce friction loss caused by radial shaking, and prolong the service life of the mechanism.

[0078] In this embodiment, the exhaust mechanism 20 includes a funnel cover 2001, an exhaust pipe 2002, and a filter screen 2003, the funnel cover 2001 is fixed to the inner top end of the machine cover 104, the bottom end of the funnel cover 2001 extends to the inside of the protective sleeve 1908, the top of the outer side of the machine cover 104 is provided with the exhaust pipe 2002, and the inner end of the exhaust pipe 2002 is fixed with the filter screen 2003.

[0079] Local working principle: the steam generated during the heating and extrusion process of the raw materials rises in the machine cover 104, is collected by the funnel cover 2001, and is discharged from the equipment through the exhaust pipe 2002, avoiding the accumulation of steam in the machine cover 104, which can cause the moisture of the raw materials to rise and affect the strength of the granular particles, the filter screen 2003 in the exhaust pipe 2002 intercepts the raw material dust to prevent dust leakage and pollution of the environment, and also avoids the entry of external impurities into the machine cover 104.

[0080] In this embodiment, the top end of the outer tooth ring 1902 is vertically fixed with a brush plate 2004, and the outer side of the brush plate 2004 is attached to the inner wall of the machine cover 104.

[0081] Local working principle: during rotation, the brush plate 2004 continuously sweeps the raw material dust attached to the inner wall of the machine cover 104, preventing dust accumulation from affecting the heat dissipation efficiency of the machine cover 104, reducing the frequency of equipment cleaning caused by dust sticking, reducing maintenance costs, and also being able to clean the inner wall of the filter screen 2003.

[0082] Embodiment 3

[0083] The schemes in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 will be further introduced in combination with specific working modes, as described below:

[0084] Device start: the driving motor 101 starts, the main shaft 102 is driven to rotate through the speed reducer 1, and the top compression roller 2 is driven to rotate synchronously.

[0085] Raw material enters and preliminary extrusion generates heat: the raw material enters the device from the top of the cover 104, is extruded in the gap between the compression roller 2 and the ring die 6, and the inclined teeth 3 on the surface of the compression roller 2 generate shearing and extruding effects on the raw material as the compression roller 2 rotates, thereby enhancing the friction intensity. The honeycomb groove 4 at the adjacent inclined tooth 3 tooth root temporarily stores part of the raw material, and forms “secondary friction” as the compression roller 2 rotates, thereby improving the total amount of friction heat generated per unit time and reducing the initial dependence on external heating.

[0086] Raw material extrusion and spiral guide heat generation: the raw material is continuously extruded into the extrusion hole 7 of the ring die 6, and the spiral guide rib 8 inside the extrusion hole 7 guides the raw material to move along a spiral path, thereby prolonging the friction time to increase the total amount of heat generated, simultaneously causing the heat to concentrate towards the hole center, improving the temperature concentration of the lignin softening area, reducing the probability of raw material blockage, and ensuring that heat stably acts on the lignin.

[0087] Heat circulation and recovery: when the temperature exceeds 180℃ (critical temperature of lignin softening) due to the excess heat generated by friction in the middle section of the ring die 6, the bimetallic strip 1401 in the intermediate collecting groove 10 bends due to thermal expansion, pushes the push rod 1402 to make the sealing plug 1403 separate from the through pipe 12, and guides the heat circulation loop. The heat-conducting oil carries heat, is transported to the inlet section of the ring die 6 through the through pipe 12, the inlet shunt groove 11, and the front end guide groove 16, preheats the raw material just entering, and when the temperature is lower than 180℃, the bimetallic strip 1401 resets, the sealing plug 1403 reblocks the through pipe 12, and the middle section temperature is ensured to be not lower than the lignin softening point.

[0088] Molded particles are scraped off: the main shaft 102 rotates to drive the positioning plate 5 to rotate, the vertical rod 1901 at the top of the positioning plate 5 drives the outer gear ring 1902 to rotate, the outer gear ring 1902 is engaged with the first gear 1903 at the top end of the shaft rod 1904, the shaft rod 1904 is driven to rotate, the second gear 1905 at the bottom end of the shaft rod 1904 is engaged with the inner gear ring 1906, the inner gear ring 1906 and the scraper plate 18 are driven to rotate slowly, and the molded particles discharged from the extrusion hole 7 are scraped off at a fixed length by the scraper plate 18 without additional power.

[0089] Steam discharge and cleaning: the steam generated during the heating of the raw material rises in the cover 104, is collected by the hopper cover 2001, and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 2002. The filter screen 2003 in the exhaust pipe 2002 intercepts the raw material dust, at the same time, the brush plate 2004 at the top end of the outer gear ring 1902 rotates to clean the raw material dust attached to the inner wall of the cover 104, and can also clean the inner wall of the filter screen 2003, thereby reducing the maintenance cost.

[0090] The above merely illustrates the further embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and concepts of the present application within the disclosed scope, which shall all fall into the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine, comprising a reducer (1), a drive motor (101) mounted on the input shaft of the reducer (1), a main shaft (102) driven by the reducer (1), a machine body (103) located outside the main shaft (102) and limiting the main shaft (102), and a machine cover (104) provided on the top of the machine body (103). Its features are: A pressure roller (2) is rotatably mounted on the top of the main shaft (102). A positioning plate (5) for limiting the pressure roller (2) is installed between the top of the pressure roller (2) and the top of the main shaft (102). The surface of the pressure roller (2) is uniformly provided with oblique teeth (3), and a honeycomb groove (4) is provided between the tooth roots of adjacent oblique teeth (3). The top of the machine body (103) is fixedly installed with a ring die (6) that cooperates with the pressure roller (2). The surface of the ring die (6) is evenly provided with extrusion holes (7), and the inner side of the extrusion holes (7) is provided with spiral guide ribs (8). A heat circulation loop is provided between the top and bottom of the ring die (6) to transfer excess heat from the middle section of the ring die (6) to the inlet section; A turntable (17) is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the top of the machine body (103). A feeding plate (18) is fixedly mounted on the top of the turntable (17). A rotating mechanism (19) is provided on the inner side of the machine cover (104) to control the rotation of the turntable (17) in conjunction with the rotation of the main shaft (102). An exhaust mechanism (20) is provided on the top of one side of the cover (104) for discharging steam.

2. The high-efficiency and energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the inclined direction of the oblique teeth (3) and the rotation direction of the pressure roller (2) is 30-60°, and the height of the oblique teeth (3) is 5-10mm.

3. The high-efficiency and energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral guide ribs (8) extend spirally along the inner wall of the extrusion hole (7), and the number of spiral guide ribs (8) is 3-6, and the height of the spiral guide ribs (8) is 0.5-1mm.

4. The high-efficiency and energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat circulation loop includes a heat-conducting ring (9), an intermediate manifold (10), an inlet diversion groove (11), a connecting pipe (12), a one-way valve (13), a connecting structure (14), an intermediate guide groove (15), and a front guide groove (16). The heat-conducting ring (9) is fixed to the top and bottom of the ring mold (6). An intermediate manifold (10) is provided inside the heat-conducting ring (9) at the middle section of the ring mold (6). An intermediate guide groove (15) is provided vertically and evenly along the circumference of the middle section of the ring mold (6) to connect the intermediate manifolds (10). An inlet diversion groove (11) is provided inside the heat-conducting ring (9) near the inlet section of the extrusion hole (7). An inlet diversion groove (11) is provided vertically and evenly along the circumference of the ring mold (6) near the inlet section to connect the inlet diversion groove (16). The front guide groove (16) of the flow channel (11) is interconnected. The middle confluence groove (10) inside the heat conduction ring (9) and the inlet diversion groove (11) are evenly arranged with a guide pipe (12). The guide pipe (12) is equipped with a one-way valve (13). The one-way valve (13) of the top heat conduction ring (9) of the ring mold (6) is a one-way liquid inlet valve. The one-way valve (13) of the bottom heat conduction ring (9) of the ring mold (6) is a one-way liquid outlet valve. The middle confluence groove (10), the inlet diversion groove (11), the guide pipe (12), the middle guide groove (15) and the front guide groove (16) are all filled with heat conduction oil. The top of the ring mold (6) is located inside the middle confluence groove (10) and is equipped with a conduction structure (14) to control the opening and closing of the guide pipe (12).

5. The high-efficiency and energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conductive structure (14) includes a bimetallic strip (1401), a push rod (1402) and a sealing plug (1403). The bimetallic strip (1401) is uniformly and vertically fixed on the top of the intermediate manifold (10). The side of the bimetallic strip (1401) near the conductive tube (12) is provided with a push rod (1402). The end of the push rod (1402) is fixed with a sealing plug (1403). The end of the sealing plug (1403) is inserted into the inside of the conductive tube (12).

6. The high-efficiency and energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (19) includes a vertical rod (1901), an external gear ring (1902), a first gear (1903), a shaft (1904), a second gear (1905), and an internal gear ring (1906). The vertical rod (1901) is evenly fixed on the top of the positioning plate (5). The external gear ring (1902) is horizontally fixed on the top of the vertical rod (1901). The top of the external gear ring (1902) fits against the middle section of the cover (104). The inner circumference of the cover (104) is... A shaft (1904) is mounted vertically and uniformly. The top of the shaft (1904) is equipped with a first gear (1903) that meshes with the external gear ring (1902). The bottom of the shaft (1904) is equipped with a second gear (1905). An internal gear ring (1906) is horizontally mounted on the inner bottom of the cover (104). The inner side of the internal gear ring (1906) meshes with the second gear (1905). The top of the feed plate (18) is fixedly connected to the internal gear ring (1906).

7. The high-efficiency and energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the feeding plate (18) are provided with waist-shaped grooves (1801), and the feeding plate (18) is fixedly connected to the turntable (17) and the internal toothed ring (1906) by bolts.

8. The high-efficiency and energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner bottom of the cover (104) is provided with a protective sleeve (1908). The top of the protective sleeve (1908) fits against the bottom of the outer toothed ring (1902). A fixing ring (1907) is fixed between the inner side of the cover (104) and the protective sleeve (1908). The shaft (1904) passes through the fixing ring (1907) and the shaft (1904) is rotatably connected to the fixing ring (1907) through a bearing.

9. A high-efficiency and energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The exhaust mechanism (20) includes a funnel cover (2001), an exhaust pipe (2002), and a filter screen (2003). The funnel cover (2001) is fixed to the inner top of the cover (104). The bottom end of the funnel cover (2001) extends into the interior of the protective sleeve (1908). An exhaust pipe (2002) is provided on the top of the outer side of the cover (104). A filter screen (2003) is fixed to the inner end of the exhaust pipe (2002).

10. A high-efficiency and energy-saving biomass pellet fuel forming machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top of the external toothed ring (1902) is vertically fixed with a brush plate (2004), and the outer side of the brush plate (2004) is in contact with the inner wall of the cover (104).

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