Anti-blocking dredging pump for wide-flow-channel riverbed dredging

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering equipment, and discloses a wide-flow-channel river bottom dredging anti-blocking dredge pump, which comprises a supporting frame, a pump body, an impeller, a main shaft, a discharge pipe, a connecting flange, a suction pipe, a filter cartridge and other components. The suction pipe is designed in a wide-flow-channel mode and is internally nested with the filter cartridge; the suction pipe and the filter cartridge are reversely and synchronously rotated through a gear transmission mechanism; the inner wall of the suction pipe is provided with a spiral deslagging plate; the upper portion of the suction pipe is provided with an annular deslagging groove with a spring sealing mechanism; the suction pipe bottom is provided with a lower filter screen and inner-outer double-layer stirring blades; the suction pipe can automatically deslag and break the sludge and intercept sundries. The pump is self-cleaning through the filter cartridge, reversely rotates to deslag and is provided with an automatic deslagging mechanism, so that the problem of easy blocking of the filter screen of the wide-flow-channel dredge pump is solved, and the dredging efficiency and continuity are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering equipment technology, and in particular to an anti-clogging dredging pump for dredging the bottom silt of wide-channel rivers. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional dredging pumps generally suffer from low efficiency, high energy consumption, and susceptibility to clogging when handling high-concentration, large-particle sludge. In particular, to improve dredging efficiency, wide-channel designs have emerged in existing technologies, aiming to reduce clogging risks and adapt to the demands of high-density sludge treatment. However, the pursuit of high flow rates also introduces the risk of filter clogging. When a filter is installed at the suction end of the dredging pump to prevent large debris from entering the pump body, fine particles and fibrous materials in the sludge easily adhere to the filter surface, forming a filter cake. This reduces the effective filtration area of ​​the filter, increases suction resistance, and drastically reduces pump efficiency, sometimes even causing complete clogging. Frequent shutdowns for manual cleaning are required, severely impacting the continuity and economy of dredging operations. Current technology lacks an innovative solution that can effectively solve the filter clogging problem of wide-channel dredging pumps and achieve continuous, efficient sludge discharge. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing wide-channel dredging pumps have the disadvantages of easy clogging of the filter screen and low dredging efficiency when dealing with high concentration of silt. To this end, we propose an anti-clogging dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed silt dredging.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation that prevents blockage, comprising: a support frame, which is welded from Q355B low-alloy high-strength structural steel, and rigidly fixed to the pump body at the bottom by 8.8 grade high-strength bolts with bolt specifications of M20-M24, with spring washers provided at the bolt connection points to prevent loosening; the pump body has a double volute structure, integrally cast from gray cast iron HT300, with the inner wall precision machined to ensure a surface roughness Ra≤3.2μm; an impeller is rotatably connected to the pump body through a double-row self-aligning roller bearing, the impeller being... Made of wear-resistant high-manganese steel ZGMn13, the blades are water-cooled to a hardness of HB200-250. The blade inlet angle is designed to be 25°-30° to optimize suction performance. The main shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing housing at the top of the support frame by two face-to-face tapered roller bearings. The main shaft is made of 42CrMo alloy structural steel and is heat-treated. The shaft diameter tolerance grade is h6. The upper end of the main shaft is connected to the motor output shaft through a flexible pin coupling. The motor power is adapted to a range of 55-200kW. The lower end of the main shaft is circumferentially fixed to the impeller through a key connection and axially positioned by a combination of shaft shoulder and round nut.

[0005] A discharge pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the pump body via an integral flange. The discharge pipe is made of seamless steel pipe and has a nominal diameter of DN200-DN400. The connection with the pump body flange is made of metal-clad gasket. A connecting flange is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pump body via ring-shaped bolts. The connecting flange is made of Q235B material and the sealing surface is machined to IT7 grade. The connecting flange and the suction pipe form a rotatable connection. The suction pipe is made of thick-walled seamless steel pipe with a wall thickness of ≥10mm. Its internal flow channel diameter is 30%-50% larger than that of traditional designs, forming a wide flow channel structure.

[0006] The suction tube contains a filter cartridge made of 316L stainless steel through rolling and welding. The filter cartridge has evenly distributed filter holes on its wall, with a filtration area of ​​≥0.5m². An extension shaft runs through the filter cartridge and is rigidly fixed to the filter cartridge by radial bolts. The extension shaft is connected to the main shaft by a tapered sleeve with a coaxiality error of ≤0.05mm / m.

[0007] The suction pipe and the filter cartridge rotate in opposite directions via a gear transmission mechanism with a transmission efficiency of ≥95%. The speed ratio of the suction pipe to the filter cartridge is 1:1, and their rotation directions are opposite. A spiral slag discharge plate is welded to the inner wall of the suction pipe. The slag discharge plate is made of wear-resistant welding rods, with a spiral helix angle of 15°-20° and a lead of 300-500mm. An annular slag discharge trough is provided at the top of the suction pipe. The slag discharge trough has a U-shaped cross-section, and slag discharge holes are opened along the circumference of the slag discharge trough. A spring sealing mechanism is provided above the slag discharge holes. The response pressure threshold of this mechanism is set to 0.05-0.1MPa to ensure that the slag discharge is automatically opened when the filter slag accumulates to a certain amount.

[0008] Furthermore, a deep groove ball bearing is used to achieve a rotatable connection between the connecting flange and the suction pipe. This bearing has the combined ability to bear radial and axial loads and can adapt to the multi-directional stress conditions generated when the suction pipe rotates. At the same time, a cartridge mechanical seal assembly is configured at the connection between the connecting flange and the suction pipe. This assembly includes a dynamic ring, a stationary ring, an elastic compensation mechanism, and an auxiliary sealing ring. Through the dynamic sealing mode of the dynamic ring rotating synchronously with the suction pipe and the stationary ring being fixed to the connecting flange, zero leakage of the medium can be achieved under a working pressure of 0-0.6MPa, effectively blocking the seepage path of mud into the bearing cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the mating surface between the filter cartridge and the pump body adopts a double-end mechanical seal structure. The sealing cavity is filled with high-viscosity silicone-based grease as a sealing medium. The inner seal blocks the mud from entering the pump body, and the outer seal prevents the grease from leaking out. The two seals form redundant protection, which is suitable for the dynamic sealing requirements of the filter cartridge at a speed of 150-300r / min. The sealing surface is made of silicon carbide and graphite, which has the characteristics of wear resistance and particle erosion resistance.

[0010] Furthermore, a lower filter screen is fixed to the bottom of the suction pipe by a tenon and mortise structure. The filter screen is made of high manganese steel and is processed by water cutting. The mesh is distributed in a regular hexagonal array with a pore size of 8-15mm and an opening rate of not less than 60%. The edge of the filter screen is rigidly connected to the bottom flange of the suction pipe by high-frequency welding. It can withstand the impact load of hard particles at the bottom of the river and perform primary interception of large-sized debris.

[0011] Furthermore, the extension shaft extends from the central shaft hole at the lower end of the filter cylinder, and a labyrinth-type sealing structure is provided between the shaft hole and the extension shaft; the lower end of the extension shaft is circumferentially fixed to the first stirring blade by a key connection, and axially positioned by a nut at the shaft end; the first stirring blade adopts a three-bladed swept-back structure, with the blades at an angle of 30° to the axis, located in the central area of ​​the inner cavity of the lower filter screen, and can form a stirring range with a radius of 0.5-1.2m at a rotation speed of 180-350r / min, thereby destroying the flocculation structure of the sludge through a combination of shearing and swirling action, plasticizing it into a fluidized slurry with an apparent viscosity ≤500cP, and reducing suction resistance.

[0012] Furthermore, four sets of second stirring blades are distributed at equal angles along the circumference of the bottom outer periphery of the suction pipe. Each set of stirring blades is rigidly connected to the bottom flange of the suction pipe by high-strength bolts. The second stirring blades are located in the outer area of ​​the lower filter screen, forming an outer stirring ring with a diameter of 1.5-2.5m. Together with the inner first stirring blades, they form a concentric dual-zone stirring system. Through the shear turbulence generated by the reverse rotation, the hardened sludge outside the lower filter screen is broken and dispersed, improving the migration efficiency of the sludge to the suction zone, while reducing the risk of external clogging of the lower filter screen.

[0013] Furthermore, the second stirring blade consists of a stirring shaft and a triangular stirring blade. The stirring shaft is fixed to the mounting base at the bottom of the suction pipe by a bolt assembly with anti-loosening washers, and its axial perpendicularity deviation is ≤0.5mm / m. The triangular stirring blade is made of wear-resistant cast iron and is welded to the stirring shaft to form a T-shaped structure. The working surface of the blade is hardened. When the stirring process encounters an impact load exceeding the design threshold, the connecting bolts between the stirring shaft and the suction pipe will undergo elastic deformation, causing the stirring blade to deflect by a maximum of 15°. The overload protection mechanism prevents damage to the stirring system structure.

[0014] Furthermore, a first toothed ring is bolted to the inner side of the upper end of the suction pipe. This toothed ring is made of 40Cr material and has undergone carburizing and quenching treatment. A second toothed ring is fixed to the outer side of the upper end of the filter cylinder through a heat-shrinking process. The tooth surface accuracy meets the GB / T10095.2 grade 6 standard. Four connecting gears are rotatably connected to the bearing seat at the bottom of the pump body through pins. The four gears are evenly distributed at 90° along the circumference of the second toothed ring, and the module is consistent with that of the toothed ring. The connecting gears simultaneously form an external meshing transmission with the first and second toothed rings. The transmission ratio is 1:1, which realizes the synchronous counter-rotation of the filter cylinder and the suction pipe. The transmission efficiency is ≥96%, and the tooth side clearance is controlled within the range of 0.15-0.3mm during operation.

[0015] Furthermore, the spring sealing mechanism includes a spring cylinder, a telescopic shaft, a pressure spring, and a movable sealing cover. The spring cylinder is rigidly connected to the upper steel structure of the slag discharge trough via a flange, and the deviation of its axis from the center axis of the slag discharge hole is ≤0.2mm. The telescopic shaft is made of 45# steel with heat treatment and passes through the guide hole of the spring cylinder to form a sliding fit. The pressure spring is a cylindrical helical compression spring made of steel wire, with an initial preload set at 50-80N and a working stroke of 5-15mm. The movable sealing cover adopts a nitrile rubber composite metal skeleton structure and is connected to the lower end of the telescopic shaft via a thread. Under the preload of the pressure spring, the sealing surface of the sealing cover forms a line contact seal with the flange surface of the slag discharge hole, with a sealing specific pressure ≥0.3MPa.

[0016] Furthermore, the slag discharge holes and corresponding spring sealing mechanisms are distributed at equal angles of 30° along the circumference of the slag discharge trough, totaling twelve groups; each group of slag discharge holes is a circular through hole with rounded edges; the inner wall of the slag discharge trough is protected with wear-resistant ceramic patches with a surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm, ensuring that the filter residue can be smoothly discharged through the slag discharge holes under centrifugal force. The total flow area of ​​the twelve slag discharge units is ≥0.15m², meeting the design requirements for maximum slag discharge.

[0017] Furthermore, the filter cartridge is made of 316L austenitic stainless steel plate with a thickness of 3-5mm. After being rolled into shape by a CNC rolling machine, it is welded around the circumference using argon arc welding. The weld joint is tested for penetration to ensure that there are no defects such as pores or cracks. The filter holes on the filter cartridge wall are circular through holes with a diameter of 6-10mm and a center-to-center distance of 12-18mm. The holes are processed using laser drilling technology, and the cylindricity error of the holes is ≤0.05mm. The edges of the holes are burr-free and rounded. The ratio of the total area of ​​the filter holes to the outer surface area of ​​the filter cartridge is 35%-45%.

[0018] Furthermore, the width of the annular flow channel formed between the filter cylinder and the suction pipe is 1 / 8 to 1 / 5 of the outer diameter of the filter cylinder, wherein the outer diameter of the filter cylinder is 200-400 mm, and the corresponding width of the annular flow channel is 25-80 mm; the ratio of the width of the annular flow channel to the diameter of the filter holes in the filter cylinder wall is 5-8:1, ensuring that the mud flow velocity in the flow channel is controlled within the range of 1.5-3 m / s, which not only meets the mud transport efficiency requirements, but also reduces the deposition of filter residue in the flow channel.

[0019] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. By designing the suction pipe with a wide flow channel structure and increasing the filtration area of ​​the filter cartridge, the mud suction resistance is significantly reduced, the dredging efficiency is improved, and the problem of easy clogging of traditional dredging pumps is effectively reduced.

[0021] 2. An innovative design connects the filter cartridge to the pump body's main shaft, enabling the filter cartridge to rotate synchronously at high speed with the main shaft. Utilizing the centrifugal force generated by this rotation, filter residue adhering to the outer surface of the filter cartridge is effectively removed, achieving a self-cleaning function for the filter screen, preventing clogging, and ensuring continuous and stable pump operation.

[0022] 3. The gear transmission mechanism enables the suction pipe and the filter cylinder to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. In conjunction with the spiral slag discharge plate on the inner wall of the suction pipe, the filter slag that is thrown off the outer surface of the filter cylinder by centrifugal force can be efficiently scraped off and conveyed upward, further enhancing the anti-clogging effect.

[0023] 4. A spring-loaded sealing mechanism with a response pressure threshold is set. When the filter cake accumulates to a certain amount in the suction pipe, the pressure generated can automatically trigger the opening of the discharge hole. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the suction pipe is used to discharge the filter cake, realizing automatic and continuous discharge of the filter cake without manual intervention, which greatly improves the automation level and operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0024] 5. The bottom filter screen and the inner and outer double-layer stirring blades at the bottom of the suction pipe work together to effectively break up the hardened sludge, plasticize it into a fluidized slurry that is easy to pump out, and prevent large-sized debris from entering, further improving the suction efficiency and anti-clogging ability of the sludge. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The disclosure of this invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inhalation tube structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inhalation tube of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the impeller structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gear transmission structure between the inhalation tube and the filter cartridge of the present invention.

[0035] Legend: 1. Support frame; 2. Pump body; 3. Impeller; 4. Main shaft; 5. Discharge pipe; 6. Connecting flange; 7. Suction pipe; 8. Filter cylinder; 9. Extension shaft; 10. First gear ring; 11. Second gear ring; 12. Connecting gear; 13. Spiral slag discharge plate; 14. Lower filter screen; 15. First stirring blade; 16. Second stirring blade; 1601. Stirring shaft; 1602. Triangular stirring blade; 17. Slag discharge trough; 18. Slag discharge hole; 19. Spring sealing mechanism; 1901. Spring cylinder; 1902. Telescopic shaft; 1903. Pressure spring; 1904. Movable sealing cover. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of this application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] like Figures 1-9 As shown, support frame 1 is the skeleton of the dredging pump, welded from Q355B low-alloy high-strength structural steel, possessing excellent strength and toughness, capable of withstanding various loads during dredging pump operation. The bottom of support frame 1 is rigidly fixed to the pump body 2 using 8.8 grade high-strength bolts with specifications M20-M24, ensuring a firm and reliable connection. To prevent bolts from loosening under vibration conditions, spring washers are specially installed at the bolt connection points for anti-loosening.

[0039] Pump body 2 is the core component of the dredging pump, employing a double volute structure. This design helps improve pump efficiency and reduce radial forces. Pump body 2 is made of gray cast iron HT300, integrally cast to ensure strength and wear resistance. The inner wall of pump body 2 is precision machined, with a surface roughness Ra≤3.2μm. This extremely low roughness helps reduce fluid resistance, improve pump efficiency, and reduce wear from silt. The impeller 3 is rotatably connected to the pump body 2 via double-row self-aligning roller bearings. These bearings can withstand large radial and axial loads and have an automatic self-aligning function, adapting to pump operation under complex conditions. The impeller 3 is the pump's working component, made of wear-resistant high-manganese steel ZGMn13. This material undergoes work hardening under impact loads, increasing surface hardness and providing excellent wear resistance. After water toughening treatment, the impeller 3 achieves a hardness of HB200-250, further enhancing its wear resistance. The blade inlet angle is designed to be 25°-30°. This optimized design can improve the suction performance of mud, reduce cavitation, and increase pump efficiency.

[0040] The main shaft 4 is rotatably connected to the bearing housing at the top of the support frame 1 via two face-to-face tapered roller bearings. The tapered roller bearings can withstand large combined radial and axial loads, and the face-to-face mounting further improves the rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the shaft system. The main shaft 4 is made of 42CrMo alloy structural steel, which has undergone quenching and tempering treatment to give it high strength and good toughness. The shaft diameter tolerance grade is h6, ensuring the fitting accuracy between the main shaft 4 and the bearings and reducing vibration and wear during operation. The upper end of the main shaft 4 is connected to the motor output shaft via a flexible pin coupling. The flexible pin coupling can compensate for the relative displacement of the two shafts and has a certain buffering and shock absorption effect, protecting the motor and pump body. The motor power range is 55-200kW, and the appropriate power can be selected according to the actual dredging needs to meet the suction capacity under different working conditions. The lower end of the main shaft 4 is circumferentially fixed to the impeller 3 via a key connection, ensuring that the impeller 3 rotates synchronously with the main shaft 4 and transmits torque. Meanwhile, axial positioning is achieved by combining the shaft shoulder and the round nut to prevent the impeller 3 from moving axially.

[0041] A discharge pipe 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the pump body 2 via an integral flange. The discharge pipe 5 is made of seamless steel pipe and has good pressure resistance and wear resistance. The nominal diameter is DN200-DN400, which can be selected according to the dredging volume requirements. The connection between the discharge pipe 5 and the pump body flange uses a metal-clad gasket. This gasket has good sealing performance and corrosion resistance, ensuring no leakage at the connection.

[0042] The bottom of the pump body 2 is fixedly connected to a connecting flange 6 via a ring of bolts. The connecting flange 6 is made of Q235B material, possessing good weldability and strength. The sealing surface is machined to IT7 grade precision, ensuring sealing and coaxiality when connected to the suction pipe 7. The connecting flange 6 and the suction pipe 7 form a rotatable connection. The suction pipe 7 is made of thick-walled seamless steel pipe with a wall thickness ≥10mm, possessing extremely high strength and wear resistance, capable of withstanding the scouring of high-concentration mud. Its internal flow channel diameter is 30%-50% larger than traditional designs, forming a wide flow channel structure, significantly reducing mud flow resistance, decreasing the possibility of blockage, and improving mud conveying efficiency.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the connecting flange 6 and the suction pipe 7 are rotatably connected by a deep groove ball bearing. The deep groove ball bearing has the combined capacity to bear radial and axial loads, adapting to the multi-directional stress conditions generated during the rotation of the suction pipe 7, ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the suction pipe 7's rotation. Simultaneously, a cartridge-type mechanical seal assembly is configured at the connection between the connecting flange 6 and the suction pipe 7. This assembly includes a rotating ring, a stationary ring, an elastic compensation mechanism, and an auxiliary sealing ring. Through a dynamic sealing mode where the rotating ring rotates synchronously with the suction pipe 7 and the stationary ring is fixed to the connecting flange 6, zero leakage of the medium can be achieved at working pressures of 0-0.6 MPa, effectively blocking the penetration path of mud into the bearing cavity, protecting the bearing from mud erosion, and extending the equipment's lifespan.

[0044] A filter cylinder 8 is nested inside the suction pipe 7. The filter cylinder 8 is made of 316L stainless steel through rolling and welding. 316L stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance, making it suitable for mud environments. Filter holes are evenly distributed on the cylinder wall, with a filtration area ≥0.5m², increasing the effective filtration area, reducing the mud flow rate per unit area, and minimizing the risk of clogging. In a preferred embodiment, the filter cylinder 8 is made of 316L austenitic stainless steel plate with a thickness of 3-5mm. After being rolled by a CNC rolling machine, it undergoes circumferential welding using argon arc welding. The weld joint is subjected to penetration testing to ensure the absence of defects such as pores and cracks, guaranteeing the structural integrity and durability of the filter cylinder. The filter holes on the cylinder wall of the filter cylinder 8 are circular through holes with a diameter of 6-10mm and a center-to-center distance of 12-18mm. The holes are machined using laser drilling technology, with a cylindricity error ≤0.05mm. The hole edges are burr-free and rounded. These meticulous processing techniques ensure the unobstructed flow of the filter holes and effective filtration of mud particles. The ratio of the total area of ​​the filter holes to the outer surface area of ​​the filter cartridge 8 is 35%-45%, ensuring sufficient filtration efficiency.

[0045] An extension shaft 9 runs through the filter cartridge 8. The extension shaft 9 is rigidly fixed to the filter cartridge 8 by radial bolts, ensuring that the two rotate synchronously. The extension shaft 9 is connected to the main shaft 4 by a tapered sleeve expansion connection. The tapered sleeve expansion connection has good coaxiality and torque transmission capability, with a coaxiality error ≤0.05mm / m, ensuring precise alignment between the filter cartridge 8 and the main shaft 4 and reducing vibration.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the mating surface between the filter cartridge 8 and the pump body 2 adopts a double-end mechanical seal structure. The sealing cavity is filled with high-viscosity silicone-based grease as the sealing medium. The inner seal prevents slurry from entering the pump body 2, while the outer seal prevents grease leakage. These two seals provide redundant protection, meeting the dynamic sealing requirements of the filter cartridge 8 at speeds of 150-300 r / min, ensuring the cleanliness of the pump body and the lubrication of the bearings. The sealing surface uses a combination of silicon carbide and graphite. Silicon carbide has extremely high hardness and wear resistance, while graphite has self-lubricating properties. The combination of these materials provides wear resistance and resistance to particle erosion, significantly extending the service life of the seal.

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] like Figure 9 As shown, a key innovation of this invention lies in the fact that the suction pipe 7 and the filter cylinder 8 rotate in opposite directions via a gear transmission mechanism. This transmission mechanism has a transmission efficiency of ≥95%, and the speed ratio of the suction pipe 7 to the filter cylinder 8 is 1:1, with opposite rotational directions. This reverse rotation is the basis for achieving automatic removal of filter residue.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, a first gear ring 10 is bolted to the inner side of the upper end of the suction pipe 7. The first gear ring 10 is made of 40Cr material and has undergone carburizing and quenching treatment, giving it high surface hardness and wear resistance, ensuring the reliability of the gear transmission. A second gear ring 11 is fixed to the outer side of the upper end of the filter cylinder 8 through a heat-shrinking process. The heat-shrinking process ensures a firm connection between the second gear ring 11 and the filter cylinder 8. The tooth surface accuracy reaches the 6th grade standard of GB / T10095.2. The high-precision tooth surface can reduce transmission noise and wear, and improve transmission efficiency. Four connecting gears 12 are rotatably connected to the bearing seat at the bottom of the pump body 2 through pins. The four connecting gears 12 are evenly distributed at 90° along the circumference of the second gear ring 11, and the module is consistent with that of the gear ring. The connecting gears 12 simultaneously form external meshing transmission with the first gear ring 10 and the second gear ring 11, with a transmission ratio of 1:1, thereby realizing the synchronous counter-rotation of the filter cylinder 8 and the suction pipe 7. The transmission mechanism has a transmission efficiency of ≥96%, and the tooth backlash is controlled within the range of 0.15-0.3mm during operation, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the transmission.

[0050] A spiral slag discharge plate 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the suction pipe 7 by welding. The spiral slag discharge plate 13 is welded using wear-resistant welding rods. This welding process gives the surface of the slag discharge plate extremely high wear resistance, effectively resisting the erosion of mud and sand. The spiral helix angle is 15°-20°, and the lead is 300-500mm. The optimized design of these parameters allows the spiral slag discharge plate 13 to efficiently convey the filter residue that has been detached from the outer surface of the filter cylinder 8 by centrifugal force upward when the suction pipe 7 rotates in the opposite direction.

[0051] An annular discharge trough 17 is provided at the upper part of the suction pipe 7. The discharge trough 17 has a U-shaped cross-section to facilitate the collection and discharge of filter residue. A discharge hole 18 is provided along the circumference of the discharge trough 17. A spring sealing mechanism 19 is provided above the discharge hole 18. The response pressure threshold of this mechanism is set to 0.05-0.1 MPa to ensure that the discharge is automatically opened when the filter residue accumulates to a certain amount, thus realizing the automatic discharge of filter residue.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, the spring sealing mechanism 19 includes a spring cylinder 1901, a telescopic shaft 1902, a pressure spring 1903, and a movable sealing cover 1904. The spring cylinder 1901 is rigidly connected to the upper steel structure of the slag discharge trough 17 via a flange. The deviation between its axis and the central axis of the slag discharge hole 18 is ≤0.2mm, ensuring precise alignment of the sealing mechanism. The telescopic shaft 1902 is made of 45# steel with heat treatment, possessing good strength and wear resistance. A sliding fit is formed through the guide hole of the spring cylinder 1901, ensuring smooth movement of the telescopic shaft 1902. The pressure spring 1903 is a cylindrical helical compression spring made of wound steel wire, possessing good elasticity and fatigue life. The initial preload is set to 50-80N, and the working stroke is 5-15mm. These parameters ensure that the discharge hole 18 remains closed under normal working pressure. Only when the pressure generated by the accumulation of filter residue reaches a preset threshold can the spring preload be overcome, pushing the movable sealing cover 1904 to open the discharge hole 18. The movable sealing cover 1904 adopts a nitrile rubber composite metal skeleton structure. Nitrile rubber has good oil resistance and wear resistance, while the metal skeleton provides sufficient rigidity. The movable sealing cover 1904 is threaded to the lower end of the telescopic shaft 1902. Under the preload action of the pressure spring 1903, the sealing surface of the sealing cover forms a line contact seal with the flange surface of the discharge hole 18, with a sealing specific pressure ≥0.3MPa, ensuring reliable sealing of the discharge hole in the closed state and preventing mud leakage.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the discharge holes 18 and the corresponding spring sealing mechanisms 19 are distributed at equal angles of 30° along the circumference of the discharge trough 17, totaling twelve groups. This arrangement of multiple discharge units enables more uniform and efficient discharge of filter residue. Each discharge hole 18 is a circular through hole with rounded edges to reduce resistance during discharge. The inner wall of the discharge trough 17 is protected with wear-resistant ceramic patches, with a surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm. This extremely low roughness ensures that the filter residue can be smoothly discharged through the discharge holes 18 under centrifugal force, reducing the accumulation of filter residue in the discharge trough 17. The total flow area of ​​the twelve discharge units is ≥0.15m², meeting the design requirements for maximum discharge capacity and ensuring the continuous discharge capability of the dredging pump when handling high-concentration sludge.

[0054] Example 3: Bottom stirring and primary filtration mechanism of the suction tube

[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, the bottom of the suction pipe 7 is fixed with a lower filter screen 14 via a tenon and mortise structure. This tenon and mortise structure provides a secure connection and facilitates disassembly and maintenance. The lower filter screen 14 is made of high-manganese steel and machined by water jet cutting. High-manganese steel has excellent wear resistance, while water jet cutting ensures the filter screen's precision and prevents thermal deformation. The mesh is arranged in a regular hexagonal array with a aperture of 8-15mm and an opening rate of no less than 60%. This design effectively intercepts large-sized debris while ensuring sufficient flow area. The filter screen edge is rigidly connected to the bottom flange of the suction pipe 7 via high-frequency welding, capable of withstanding the impact load of hard particles from the riverbed, providing primary interception of large-sized debris, and protecting the pump body 2 and impeller 3 from damage.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the extension shaft 9 extends from the central shaft hole at the lower end of the filter cylinder 8. A labyrinth seal structure is provided between the shaft hole and the extension shaft 9. The labyrinth seal can effectively prevent mud from entering the shaft hole and protect the bearing. The lower end of the extension shaft 9 is circumferentially fixed to the first stirring blade 15 by a key connection and axially positioned by a shaft end nut to ensure that the first stirring blade 15 rotates synchronously with the extension shaft 9. The first stirring blade 15 adopts a three-bladed swept-back structure with a blade angle of 30° to the axis. This structural design helps to generate strong shear force during rotation. The first stirring blade 15 is located in the central area of ​​the inner cavity of the lower filter screen 14. At a rotation speed of 180-350 r / min, it can form a stirring range with a radius of 0.5-1.2 m. Through the combined action of shearing and swirling, it breaks down the flocculation structure of the sludge and plasticizes it into a fluidized slurry with an apparent viscosity ≤500 cP, significantly reducing the suction resistance of the mud and improving the suction efficiency of the pump.

[0057] In a more preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, four sets of second stirring blades 16 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the bottom of the suction pipe 7. Each set of stirring blades is rigidly connected to the bottom flange of the suction pipe 7 by high-strength bolts to ensure the connection is firm. The second stirring blades 16 are located in the outer region of the lower filter screen 14, forming an outer stirring ring with a diameter of 1.5-2.5m, which, together with the inner first stirring blades 15, forms a concentric dual-zone stirring system. The shear turbulence generated by the reverse rotation breaks up and disperses the hardened sludge outside the lower filter screen 14, improving the migration efficiency of the slurry to the suction zone, while reducing the risk of external clogging of the lower filter screen 14, further enhancing the anti-clogging capability.

[0058] In a more preferred embodiment, such as Figure 8As shown, the second stirring blade 16 consists of a stirring shaft 1601 and a triangular stirring blade 1602. The stirring shaft 1601 is fixed to the mounting base at the bottom of the suction pipe 7 by a bolt assembly with anti-loosening washers, and its axial perpendicularity deviation is ≤0.5mm / m, ensuring the installation accuracy of the stirring shaft 1601. The triangular stirring blade 1602 is made of wear-resistant cast iron and forms a T-shaped structure with the stirring shaft 1601 by welding. The working surface of the blade is hardened to improve wear resistance. When an impact load exceeding the design threshold is encountered during the stirring process, the connecting bolts between the stirring shaft 1601 and the suction pipe 7 will undergo elastic deformation, causing the stirring blade to deflect by a maximum of 15°. This overload protection mechanism prevents damage to the stirring system structure, improving the reliability and safety of the equipment.

[0059] Working principle:

[0060] This invention discloses an anti-clogging dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation. During operation, a motor drives the main shaft 4 to rotate via a flexible pin coupling. The main shaft 4, connected by a key, drives the impeller 3 to rotate synchronously at high speed. The rotation of the impeller 3 generates a strong suction force on the slurry. The slurry first undergoes primary filtration through the lower filter screen 14 at the bottom of the suction pipe 7, intercepting large-sized debris. Subsequently, the slurry is drawn into the annular flow channel between the widened suction pipe 7 and the filter cylinder 8. The uniformly spaced filter holes on the wall of the filter cylinder 8 intercept large particles of filter residue on the outer surface of the filter cylinder 8, while extractable fine particles of slurry enter the interior of the filter cylinder 8 through the filter holes. Under the continuous drive of the impeller 3, the filtered slurry is discharged upwards from the discharge pipe 5.

[0061] During the mud suction process, as the impeller 3 rotates, it drives the extension shaft 9 through the main shaft 4 and the tapered sleeve expansion connection, which in turn drives the filter cylinder 8 to rotate synchronously at high speed. The rotation of the filter cylinder 8 generates a strong centrifugal force, which throws off the filter residue attached to its outer surface, achieving self-cleaning of the filter screen.

[0062] Meanwhile, the rotation of the filter cylinder 8, through the gear transmission mechanism consisting of the second gear ring 11, the connecting gear 12, and the first gear ring 10, drives the suction pipe 7 to rotate in the opposite direction at the same speed. The spiral slag discharge plate 13, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the suction pipe 7, scrapes and conveys the filter slag thrown off by centrifugal force when the suction pipe 7 rotates in the opposite direction, pushing the filter slag upward along the inner wall of the suction pipe 7.

[0063] As filter residue accumulates in the annular discharge trough 17 at the top of the suction pipe 7, the pressure gradually increases. When the pressure generated by the accumulated filter residue reaches the preset response pressure threshold of the spring sealing mechanism 19, this pressure overcomes the preload of the pressure spring 1903, pushing the movable sealing cover 1904 upward, thereby opening the discharge hole 18. At this time, since the suction pipe 7 is still rotating at high speed, the filter residue accumulated in the discharge trough 17 is automatically thrown out of the sludge pump through the opened discharge hole 18 under the action of centrifugal force, realizing continuous and automatic discharge of filter residue and effectively preventing clogging of the filter cylinder 8 and the suction pipe 7.

[0064] Furthermore, the first stirring blade 15 and the second stirring blade 16 at the bottom of the suction pipe 7 form a concentric dual-zone stirring system. The first stirring blade 15, through a combination of shearing and swirling action, plasticizes the sludge inside the lower filter screen 14 into a fluidized slurry, reducing suction resistance. The second stirring blade 16, through shear turbulence generated by its reverse rotation, breaks up and disperses the hardened sludge outside the lower filter screen 14, improving the migration efficiency of the slurry to the suction zone and further reducing the risk of external clogging of the lower filter screen 14.

[0065] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A clogging-resistant dredging pump for dredging silt from wide-channel riverbeds, characterized in that, include: A support frame (1) is provided. A pump body (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame (1) by bolts. An impeller (3) is rotatably connected inside the pump body (2). A main shaft (4) is rotatably connected inside the support frame (1) by bearings. A motor is connected to the upper end of the main shaft (4). The lower end of the main shaft (4) is fixedly connected to the impeller (3). A discharge pipe (5) is fixedly connected to one side of the pump body (2) by a flange. A connecting flange (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pump body (2) by bolts. A suction pipe (7) is rotatably connected to the connecting flange (6). A filter cylinder (8) is nested inside the suction pipe (7). An extension shaft (9) passes through the filter cylinder (8). The extension shaft (9) is fixedly connected to the filter cylinder (8). The upper end of the extension shaft (9) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (4). The suction pipe (7) and the filter cylinder (8) are connected by gear transmission, and the suction pipe (7) and the filter cylinder (8) rotate in opposite directions. A spiral slag discharge plate (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the suction pipe (7). A slag discharge groove (17) is provided on the upper part of the suction pipe (7). A slag discharge hole (18) is opened at the slag discharge groove (17). A spring sealing mechanism (19) that responds to the pressure threshold is provided above the slag discharge hole (18).

2. The anti-clogging dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting flange (6) and the suction pipe (7) are connected by a bearing rotation, and a cartridge mechanical seal assembly is provided at the connection between the connecting flange (6) and the suction pipe (7).

3. The anti-clogging dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mating surface between the filter cartridge (8) and the pump body (2) adopts a double-end mechanical seal structure.

4. The anti-clogging dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the inhalation tube (7) is fixedly connected to a lower filter screen (14).

5. The anti-clogging dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The extension shaft (9) extends out of the filter cylinder (8) from the lower end, and the lower end of the extension shaft (9) is fixedly connected to a first stirring blade (15), which is located inside the lower filter screen (14).

6. The anti-clogging dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom outer periphery of the suction pipe (7) is provided with four sets of second stirring blades (16) at equal angles along the circumferential direction, and each set of second stirring blades (16) is rigidly connected to the bottom flange of the suction pipe (7) by high-strength bolts.

7. The anti-clogging dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second stirring blade (16) includes a stirring shaft (1601), which is fixed to the mounting base at the bottom of the suction pipe (7) by a bolt assembly with anti-loosening washers, and a triangular stirring blade (1602) is fixedly connected to the stirring shaft (1601).

8. The anti-clogging dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper inner side of the suction tube (7) is fixedly connected to a first toothed ring (10), and the upper outer side of the filter cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to a second toothed ring (11). A connecting gear (12) is rotatably connected to the pump body (2). The connecting gear (12) is located in the gap between the suction tube (7) and the filter cylinder (8). The connecting gear (12) meshes with the first toothed ring (10) and meshes with the second toothed ring (11). Four connecting gears (12) are evenly spaced around the second toothed ring (11), and the four connecting gears (12) are evenly distributed at 90° along the circumference of the second toothed ring (11). The module of the connecting gear (12) is consistent with that of the first toothed ring (10) and the second toothed ring (11).

9. The anti-clogging dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring sealing mechanism (19) includes a spring cylinder (1901), which is rigidly connected to the upper steel structure of the slag discharge trough (17) via a flange. The installation position of the spring cylinder (1901) is opposite to the slag discharge hole (18). A telescopic shaft (1902) passes through the spring cylinder (1901). A pressure spring (1903) is also provided inside the spring cylinder (1901). The pressure spring (1903) is located at the upper end of the telescopic shaft (1902). A movable sealing cover (1904) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the telescopic shaft (1902).

10. A clogging-resistant dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation according to claim 9, characterized in that, The slag discharge holes (18) and the corresponding spring sealing mechanisms (19) are distributed at equal angles of 30° along the circumference of the slag discharge channel (17), totaling twelve groups.

11. The anti-clogging dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter holes on the wall of the filter cylinder (8) are circular through holes with a diameter of 10-30 mm and a center-to-center distance of 40-60 mm. The ratio of the total area of ​​the filter holes to the outer surface area of ​​the filter cylinder (8) is 2:

5.

12. The anti-clogging dredging pump for wide-channel riverbed siltation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the annular flow channel formed between the filter cylinder (8) and the suction pipe (7) is 1 / 6 of the outer diameter of the filter cylinder (8).

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