Drainage device and method for haematemesis and mistaken aspiration prevention

Abstract

The invention relates to a drainage device and method for haematemesis and mistaken aspiration prevention, the device comprises a fixed headrest and a negative pressure adjusting drainage mechanism, the fixed headrest is used for fixing the head and adjusting the inclination angle of the head; the negative pressure drainage mechanism comprises a double-cavity drainage tube, a collecting assembly, a control module, and a sensor assembly, an oxygen supply assembly and a pressure regulating assembly which are connected with the control module; the double-cavity drainage tube comprises a drainage hose and an oxygen catheter, one end of the drainage hose is connected with the collecting assembly, and the pressure adjusting assembly is connected with the collecting assembly and used for adjusting the pressure in the collecting assembly; the sensor assembly is installed on the side, away from the collecting assembly, of the double-cavity drainage tube, is attached to the throat part and is used for detecting whether the patient has haematemesis actions or not and whether vomitus exists in the oral cavity or not; the control module controls the pressure adjusting assembly to adjust the pressure in the collecting assembly according to the detection result of the sensor assembly. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages of high cleaning timeliness, convenience in mounting, low cost, high safety and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of medical devices, in particular to a drainage device and method for preventing aspiration of vomited blood. BACKGROUND

[0002] In medical care, patients who vomit blood are special and critical. Vomiting blood may be caused by various reasons, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, gastric ulcer perforation, etc. If the vomit cannot be discharged in time, it is easy to cause suffocation and endanger life when such patients vomit.

[0003] In existing nursing measures, although medical staff will try to make the patient's head deviate to one side, the patient often cannot maintain a stable head position when vomiting, and there is also a lack of effective devices for collecting and draining the vomit, increasing the nursing difficulty and the risk of patients.

[0004] For example, the utility model discloses a vomit collecting device, including the pillowcase main part, the upper end of pillowcase main part is equipped with the opening, the side of pillowcase upper cloth is equipped with the collecting port, the inside fixedly connected with the one end of drainage tube one of collecting port, the other end of drainage tube one is fixedly connected with the one end of connecting pipe, the other end of connecting pipe is movably connected with the one end of drainage tube two, the other end of drainage tube two is fixedly connected with the drainage bag, the side of pillowcase main part is fixedly connected with pillowcase upper cloth layer, both sides of pillowcase upper cloth layer are fixedly connected with magic tape one, the upper end of magic tape one is movably connected with the upper end of magic tape two, the lower end of magic tape two is fixedly connected with pillowcase lower cloth layer.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned existing blood drainage device needs to manually judge the patient's condition, and adjusts the patient's posture and starts the drainage device according to the situation, which consumes manpower and material resources, has low automation degree, relies on manual inspection and operation, has the problem of not timely response, has high nursing difficulty and large safety risk of patients. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, i.e. the need for manual judgment of the patient's condition, adjustment of the patient's posture and starting of the drainage device, and to provide a drainage device and method for preventing aspiration of vomited blood.

[0007] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The scheme provides a drainage device for preventing misaspiration of hematemesis, comprising a fixed headrest and a negative pressure regulating drainage mechanism, the fixed headrest is used for fixing the head and adjusting the inclination angle of the head, the negative pressure drainage mechanism comprises a double-cavity drainage tube, a collection assembly, a control module, and a sensor assembly, an oxygen supply assembly and a pressure regulating assembly connected with the control module;

[0009] The double-cavity drainage tube comprises a drainage hose and an oxygen supply tube, the oxygen supply tube is sleeved outside the drainage hose, one end of the oxygen supply tube is connected with the oxygen supply assembly, one end of the drainage hose is connected with the collection assembly, the pressure regulating assembly is connected with the collection assembly and used for adjusting the pressure inside the collection assembly, and the other end is located at the posterior wall of the throat of the patient;

[0010] The sensor assembly is installed on the side of the double-cavity drainage tube away from the collection assembly and is attached to the throat, and is used for detecting whether the patient has a hematemesis action and whether there is vomitus in the oral cavity; the control module is communicatively connected with the sensor assembly, and adjusts the pressure in the collection assembly according to the detection result of the sensor assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the sensor assembly comprises an optical sensor, a motion sensor and a PH sensor, the optical sensor is used for detecting whether there is vomitus, the motion sensor is used for detecting whether the patient has a vomiting action, and the PH sensor is used for detecting the PH value change in the oral cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the drainage hose close to the collection assembly is provided with a one-way valve, the inlet end of the one-way valve is connected with the collection assembly, the outlet end is connected with the drainage hose, and the pressure regulating assembly is located at the inlet end of the one-way valve.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of air holes are formed in the outer side of the end of the oxygen supply tube away from the oxygen supply assembly, and the air holes are uniformly distributed around the oxygen supply tube.

[0014] Preferably, the collection assembly adopts a drainage bag, the drainage bag is prepared from transparent medical plastic, and the drainage bag is provided with a scale line.

[0015] Preferably, the end of the double-cavity drainage tube away from the collection assembly is provided with a fixed face mask, the double-cavity drainage tube is slidably installed on the fixed face mask, and the two sides of the fixed face mask are provided with fixing belts for fixing the double-cavity drainage tube.

[0016] Preferably, the fixed face mask is made of medical silica gel material, the shape of the fixed face mask is attached to the face contour of the patient and covers the oral and nasal regions, and the periphery of the fixed face mask is provided with an elastic soft sealing pad.

[0017] Preferably, the fixed headrest comprises a headrest body and an inclination adjusting mechanism, one side of the headrest body is provided with a fixed groove matched with the shape of the head, the headrest body is made of elastic material, both sides of the fixed groove are provided with a fixed belt, the inclination adjusting mechanism adopts a support plate, the support plate is rotatably fixed, and the headrest body is installed on the support plate.

[0018] Preferably, a pressure sore prevention air bag is arranged in the fixed groove, and an antibacterial layer is arranged on the pressure sore prevention air bag.

[0019] The scheme also provides a method for the drainage device for preventing misabsorption of hematemesis, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: fixing the head of the patient in the fixed headrest, and then inserting the double-lumen drainage tube through the nasal cavity, so that the sensor assembly at the end of the double-lumen drainage tube is attached to the nasopharynx of the patient, and the oxygen supply assembly is turned on;

[0021] S2: adjusting the fixed headrest to make the head of the patient tilt to one side;

[0022] S3: detecting the condition of the throat of the patient through the sensor assembly and transmitting to the control module;

[0023] S4: when the sensor assembly detects that the patient vomits blood, the pressure regulating assembly forms a negative pressure environment in the collection assembly, the drainage hose connected with the collection assembly sucks out the blood in the oral cavity, balances the pressure in the collection assembly after completion, and the sensor detection assembly continues to detect.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0025] (1) The scheme fixes the head of the patient through the fixed headrest and adjusts to a suitable angle, avoids that the vomitus in the oral cavity is choked into the patient, and the double-lumen drainage tube can deliver oxygen to the patient based on the outer pipeline. Based on the sensor assembly attached to the nasopharynx at the front end of the pipeline, the vomiting action and the vomitus of the patient are detected, and the control module forms a negative pressure environment in the inner pipeline according to the detection result, so that the vomitus is sucked out in time, the vomitus is prevented from causing the patient to suffocate, and the oxygen delivery tube can play an auxiliary role. The structure can suck out the vomitus in time, has higher safety and reliability, reduces the nursing difficulty of the staff, and the device structure is simple, convenient to operate and low in cost.

[0026] (2) The scheme adopts a composite sensor to prewarn and detect the vomiting action of the patient, comprehensively detects the change of PH in the oral cavity or the color of the blood contained when the vomitus appears, improves the accuracy of the sensor assembly in detecting hematemesis, so that the pressure regulating assembly can form a negative pressure in time, the vomitus in the oral cavity is sucked out through the drainage hose, and the reliability and accuracy of the device are improved.

[0027] (3) The scheme fixes the patient's head through the fixed groove and the fixed belt on the headrest body, and adjusts the inclination angle of the two sides of the headrest body based on the rotation of the adjusting plate, inclines the head to the two sides, and helps to avoid suffocation caused by vomitus. And according to the head weight and lying time of the patient, the gas amount in the air bag is automatically adjusted, the head pressure is effectively dispersed, and the skin damage and pressure ulcer caused by long-term compression are avoided. The surface of the air bag is also covered with antibacterial fabric, which can inhibit bacterial growth, keep the headrest clean and sanitary, reduce the risk of cross infection, and effectively improve the safety of the fixed headrest. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the negative pressure adjusting drainage mechanism provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0029] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the fixed headrest provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0030] In the figure: 1, fixed headrest, 2, double-lumen drainage tube, 3, collection assembly, 4, control module, 5, sensor assembly, 6, oxygen supply assembly, 7, pressure regulating assembly, 8, fixed mask, 9, fixing belt, 11, headrest body, 12, inclination adjusting mechanism, 13, fixed groove, 14, head fixing belt, 15, pressure ulcer prevention air bag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the application, not all. The components of the embodiments of the application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the application.

[0033] It should be noted that: similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product of the application is usually placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can include one or more of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0036] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or vertical, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that it is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] As shown in Figure 1 The present embodiment provides a drainage device for preventing misaspiration of hematemesis, which comprises a fixed headrest 1 and a negative pressure adjusting drainage mechanism, the fixed headrest 1 is used to fix the head and adjust the inclination angle of the head, the negative pressure drainage mechanism comprises a double-lumen drainage tube 2, a collection assembly 3, a control module 4, and a sensor assembly 5, an oxygen supply assembly 6 and a pressure regulating assembly 7 connected with the control module 4;

[0039] The double-lumen drainage tube 2 comprises a drainage hose and an oxygen supply tube, the oxygen supply tube is sleeved outside the drainage hose, one end of the oxygen supply tube is connected with the oxygen supply assembly 6, one end of the drainage hose is connected with the collection assembly 3, the pressure regulating assembly 7 is connected with the collection assembly 3 for adjusting the pressure inside the collection assembly 3, and the other end is located on the posterior wall of the throat of the patient;

[0040] The sensor assembly 5 is installed on the side of the double-lumen drainage tube 2 away from the collection assembly 3 and is attached to the throat for detecting whether the patient has a hematemesis action and whether there is vomitus in the oral cavity; the control module 4 is communicatively connected with the sensor assembly 5 and controls the pressure regulating assembly 7 to adjust the pressure in the collection assembly 3 according to the detection result of the sensor assembly 5.

[0041] Working principle: through the fixed headrest 1, the patient's head is fixed, and the angle is adjusted to the appropriate angle, the double lumen drainage tube 2 of the drainage device is inserted through the patient's nasal cavity with the sensor assembly 5, and the sensor assembly 5 is attached to the nasopharynx. Under normal circumstances, the pressure in the drainage hose is balanced, and the oxygen pipe delivers oxygen; when the patient vomits blood, the sensor assembly 5 detects, and the control module 4 adjusts the pressure in the collection assembly 3 according to the detection result, and the negative pressure environment in the drainage pipeline can suck out the vomit in the patient's oral cavity, and the pressure is balanced after completion, and only oxygen delivery is carried out.

[0042] Through the fixed headrest 1, the patient's head is fixed, and the angle is adjusted to the appropriate angle, the double lumen drainage tube 2 can deliver oxygen to the patient based on the outer pipeline. Based on the sensor assembly 5 attached to the nasopharynx at the front end of the pipeline, the patient's vomit action and vomit are detected, and the control module 4 cooperates with the pressure regulating assembly 7 to form a negative pressure environment in the inner pipeline according to the detection result, so that the vomit is sucked out in time, avoiding the patient from suffocating due to vomit, and the oxygen pipe can play an auxiliary role. The structure can suck out the vomit in time, has higher safety and reliability, reduces the nursing difficulty of the staff, and the device structure is simple, convenient to operate and low in cost.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the sensor assembly 5 includes an optical sensor, a motion sensor and a PH sensor, the optical sensor is used to detect whether there is vomit, the motion sensor is used to detect whether the patient has a vomiting action, and the PH sensor is used to detect the PH value change in the oral cavity.

[0044] By adopting the composite sensor, the vomiting action of the patient is prewarned and detected, and the PH change in the oral cavity or the color of the blood contained when the vomit appears is comprehensively detected, the accuracy of the sensor assembly 5 in detecting vomit is improved, so that the pressure regulating assembly 7 can form negative pressure in time, the vomit in the oral cavity is sucked out through the drainage hose, and the reliability and accuracy of the device are improved.

[0045] In this embodiment, the drainage hose is provided with a one-way valve at one end close to the collection assembly 3, the inlet end of the one-way valve is connected to the collection assembly 3, the outlet end is connected to the drainage hose, and the pressure regulating assembly 7 is located at the inlet end of the one-way valve. The drainage hose is made of transparent, soft and elastic medical plastic, which can withstand a certain pressure and prevent blockage. The drainage hose is close to the oral and nasal area of the patient, which is convenient for collecting body fluid. The outlet of the drainage hose is connected to the drainage bag.

[0046] The pressure regulating assembly 7 adopts a micro vacuum pump. The micro vacuum pump maintains the negative pressure environment in the drainage bag through continuous operation. This negative pressure environment not only helps drainage, but also effectively prevents the backflow of vomit or other body fluids under the action of patient body position change or cough through the design of the anti-backflow device. In combination with the one-way valve, the drainage liquid is allowed to flow from the patient's body to the drainage bag. Once reverse pressure occurs, the valve will be tightly closed to ensure safety.

[0047] In this embodiment, a plurality of air permeable holes are formed on the outer side of the end of the oxygen supply pipe away from the oxygen supply assembly 6, and each air permeable hole is uniformly distributed around the oxygen supply pipe. This ensures that oxygen can be uniformly output, reduces the impact of oxygen on the nasopharynx of the patient, and improves the comfort of use.

[0048] In this embodiment, the collection assembly 3 adopts a drainage bag made of transparent medical plastic, and the drainage bag is provided with a scale line. Specifically, the collection assembly 3 adopts a disposable drainage bag made of transparent material, which facilitates observation of the color, quantity and properties of the drainage liquid. The drainage bag is provided with a scale for recording the quantity of the drainage liquid. The capacity of the drainage bag is designed according to the specific needs of the patient and can accommodate a certain amount of drainage liquid.

[0049] Further, a liquid level sensor can be arranged in the drainage bag, which can monitor the liquid level of the drainage liquid in real time and transmit data to the monitoring module. The liquid level sensor adopts a non-contact design to avoid direct contact with the drainage liquid and reduce the risk of infection. The monitoring module can receive the data transmitted by the liquid level sensor and display the liquid level, flow volume and flow rate of the drainage liquid in real time. The monitoring module is provided with an alarm function, which automatically sends an alarm when the flow volume exceeds the set threshold or the flow rate is abnormal, reminding medical staff to handle it in time. The detection module has a data recording function, which can record the relevant data of the drainage liquid, including drainage time, flow volume, flow rate, etc., to facilitate medical staff to analyze the disease and record nursing.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the end of the double-lumen drainage tube 2 away from the collection assembly 3 is provided with a fixed mask 8, and the double-lumen drainage tube 2 is slidably installed on the fixed mask 8. The two sides of the fixed mask 8 are provided with fixing belts 9 for fixing the double-lumen drainage tube 2. The length of the double-lumen drainage tube 2 in the fixed mask 8 is adjusted by sliding to adjust and fix the double-lumen drainage tube 2.

[0051] Further, the fixed mask 8 is made of medical silicone material, the shape of the fixed mask 8 fits the face contour of the patient, and covers the oral and nasal areas. The periphery of the fixed mask 8 is provided with a flexible sealing pad.

[0052] Specifically, the mask body is made of soft and transparent medical silicone material, which conforms to the patient's facial contour, covers the oral and nasal areas, and ensures comfortable wearing and good sealing. The mask edge is provided with a soft sealing pad to further enhance the sealing effect and prevent body fluid leakage. It contains two grooves, which can be used for drainage while inhaling oxygen. The two sides of the mask are provided with adjustable fixing bands 9 for fixing on the patient's head, ensuring that the mask does not shift or fall off during drainage. The fixing band 9 is made of soft medical fabric and can adjust the tightness.

[0053] The preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 The fixed headrest 1 includes a headrest body 11 and an inclination adjustment mechanism 12. One side of the headrest body 11 is provided with a fixed groove 13 matched with the shape of the head. The headrest body 11 is made of elastic material, and the two sides of the fixed groove 13 are provided with fixing bands 9. The inclination adjustment mechanism 12 is a support plate that can be rotatably fixed, and the headrest body 11 is installed on the support plate.

[0054] Specifically, the fixed headrest 1 is made of soft material with certain supporting force, which matches the curve of human neck and head, and can comfortably support the patient's head and neck. The two sides of the headrest body 11 are provided with adjustable head fixing bands 14 for fixing the patient's head. The headrest body 11 is installed on the adjustable inclination adjustment mechanism 12, which can make the patient's head stable to one side. The inclination adjustment mechanism 12 can be a rotatable support plate, which can adjust the angle of the support plate to keep the patient's head in a suitable position for easy discharge of vomitus. Through the head fixing band 14 and the head position adjustment device, the patient's head can be stably fixed and tilted to one side, reducing the risk of vomitus entering the respiratory tract.

[0055] Further, the fixed groove 13 is provided with a pressure sore prevention air bag 15 for distributing head pressure. The pressure sore prevention air bag 15 is covered with an antibacterial layer.

[0056] The air bag of the pressure sore prevention air bag 15 is made of soft and breathable material, which is distributed in the key area of the headrest body 11 contacting the patient's head. The air bag is designed with a micro-pressure adjustment system, which can automatically adjust the amount of gas in the air bag according to the weight of the patient's head and the lying time, effectively distribute the head pressure, and avoid skin damage and pressure sores caused by long-term compression. The surface of the air bag is also covered with an antibacterial fabric, which can inhibit bacterial growth, keep the headrest clean and hygienic, and reduce the risk of cross infection.

[0057] In combination with the above preferred embodiment, the present embodiment also provides a method for the drainage device for preventing misabsorption of hematemesis, comprising the following steps:

[0058] S1: the head of the patient is fixed in the fixed groove 13 of the headrest body, the head is fixed in the fixed groove 13 through the head fixing belt 11; then the double-lumen drainage tube 2 is inserted through the nasal cavity, so that the sensor assembly 5 at the end of the double-lumen drainage tube 2 is attached to the nasopharynx of the patient, and the oxygen supply assembly 6 is opened; the fixed face mask 8 is attached to the face of the patient, and is fixed by the adjusting belt;

[0059] S2: the headrest body is rotated by rotating the adjusting plate, so that the head of the patient is inclined to one side;

[0060] S3: the condition of the throat of the patient is detected by the sensor assembly 5, and is transmitted to the control module 4;

[0061] S4: when the sensor assembly 5 detects that the patient vomits blood, the pressure regulating assembly 7 forms a negative pressure environment in the collection assembly 3, the drainage hose connected with the collection assembly 3 sucks out the blood in the oral cavity, and then the pressure in the collection assembly 3 is balanced, and the sensor detection assembly continues to detect.

[0062] The preferred embodiments of the application are described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes without creative labor based on the concept of the application. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiment based on the prior art according to the concept of the application shall be within the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A drainage device for preventing aspiration of hematemesis, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed headrest (1) and a negative pressure regulating drainage mechanism, wherein the fixed headrest (1) is used to fix the head and adjust the tilt angle of the head, and the negative pressure drainage mechanism comprises a double-lumen drainage tube (2), a collection component (3), a control module (4), a sensor component (5) connected to the control module (4), an oxygen supply component (6), and a pressure regulating component (7); The double-lumen drainage tube (2) comprises a drainage hose (21) and an oxygen supply tube (22), wherein the oxygen supply tube (22) is sleeved on the outside of the drainage hose (21), one end of the oxygen supply tube (22) is connected to the oxygen supply component (6), one end of the drainage hose (21) is connected to the collection component (3), the pressure regulating component (7) is connected to the collection component (3) and is used to regulate the pressure inside the collection component (3), and the other end is located at the back wall of the patient's throat; The sensor assembly (5) is mounted on a side of the double-lumen drainage tube (2) away from the collection assembly (3) and is attached to the throat, and is used to detect whether the patient has vomited blood and whether there is vomit in the oral cavity; the control module (4) is communicatively connected to the sensor assembly (5) and controls the pressure regulating assembly (7) to regulate the pressure in the collection assembly (3) based on the detection result of the sensor assembly (5).

2. A drainage device for preventing aspiration of hematemesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor assembly (5) comprises an optical sensor, a motion sensor and a pH sensor, wherein the optical sensor is used to detect whether vomitus exists, the motion sensor is used to detect whether the patient has vomiting movements, and the pH sensor is used to detect changes in pH values ​​in the oral cavity.

3. A drainage device for preventing aspiration of hematemesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve is provided at one end of the drainage hose (21) close to the collection assembly (3); the inlet end of the one-way valve is connected to the collection assembly (3), and the outlet end is connected to the drainage hose (21); and the pressure regulating assembly (7) is located at the inlet end of the one-way valve.

4. The drainage device for preventing aspiration of hematemesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the oxygen supply pipe (22) away from the oxygen supply assembly (6) is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes, and the ventilation holes are evenly distributed around the oxygen supply pipe (22).

5. The drainage device for preventing aspiration of hematemesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting component (3) adopts a drainage bag, which is made of transparent medical plastic and has scale lines on it.

6. The drainage device for preventing aspiration of hematemesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed mask (8) is provided at one end of the double-lumen drainage tube (2) away from the collecting assembly (3), and the double-lumen drainage tube (2) can be slidably mounted on the fixed mask (8). Fixing belts (9) are provided on both sides of the fixed mask (8) for fixing the double-lumen drainage tube (2).

7. The drainage device for preventing aspiration of hematemesis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed mask (8) is made of medical silicone material. The shape of the fixed mask (8) fits the patient's facial contour and covers the mouth and nose area. An elastic and soft sealing pad is provided around the edge of the fixed mask (8).

8. The drainage device for preventing aspiration of hematemesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed headrest (1) comprises a headrest body (11) and an inclination adjustment mechanism (12); a fixing groove (13) matching the shape of the head is provided on one side of the headrest body (11); the headrest body (11) is made of elastic material; head fixing belts (14) are provided on both sides of the fixing groove (13); the inclination adjustment mechanism (12) adopts a support plate, the support plate can be rotatably fixed, and the headrest body (11) is mounted on the support plate.

9. The drainage device for preventing aspiration of hematemesis according to claim 8, characterized in that: An anti-pressure-sore airbag (15) is provided in the fixing groove (13) for dispersing head pressure, and the anti-pressure-sore airbag is covered with an antibacterial layer.

10. A method for preventing aspiration of hematemesis based on a drainage device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Fix the patient's head in a fixed headrest (1), then insert the double-lumen drainage tube (2) through the nasal cavity, so that the sensor component (5) at the end of the double-lumen drainage tube (2) fits the patient's nasopharynx, and turn on the oxygen supply component (6); S2: Tilt the patient's head to one side by adjusting the fixed headrest (1); S3: Detecting the condition of the patient's throat through the sensor assembly (5) and transmitting the condition to the control module (4); S4: When the sensor component (5) detects that the patient has vomited blood, the pressure regulating component (7) forms a negative pressure environment in the collecting component (3), and the drainage hose (21) connected to the collecting component (3) sucks out the blood in the mouth. After completion, the pressure in the collecting component (3) is balanced, and the sensor detection component continues to detect.

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