Magnetofluid-driven pump-free blood purification system

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetofluid-driven pump-free blood purification system, and belongs to the technical field of medical apparatuses and instruments. The system breaks through a traditional mechanical pump driving mode, magnetic nanoparticles are introduced into blood, the blood is driven to flow by means of magnetic force generated by a gradient magnetic field, and a pump-free blood purification system is constructed. Compared with a traditional blood purification system, the blood purification system has the advantages that damage of high shear force generated by a mechanical pump to blood cells is thoroughly avoided, and the hemolysis risk is effectively eliminated; continuous operation of a mechanical pump is not needed, and energy consumption is remarkably reduced; no mechanical part runs, so that the noise is greatly reduced; meanwhile, huge structures of a mechanical pump and a driving system thereof are eliminated, and miniaturization of equipment is facilitated. The system provides a brand new thought for blood purification treatment, has safety, high efficiency and convenience, is expected to bring a new change to the medical field, and meets the blood purification requirements in different scenes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, specifically to a magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system. The system uses a gradient magnetic field to drive the flow of blood containing magnetic nanoparticles, replacing traditional mechanical pumps to achieve efficient and safe blood purification. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional blood purification systems usually use mechanical pumps to drive blood flow, which has the following disadvantages:

[0003] 1. High risk of hemolysis: The shear force of mechanical pumps can easily damage red blood cells, leading to hemolysis and complications;

[0004] 2. High energy consumption: Mechanical pumps need to run continuously, which consumes a lot of energy;

[0005] 3. Loud noise: Mechanical pump operation produces noise, affecting patient rest;

[0006] 4. Large volume: Mechanical pumps and their driving systems occupy a large space, which is not conducive to device miniaturization.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present application proposes a pumpless blood purification system based on magnetic fluid driving technology, which drives the flow of blood containing magnetic nanoparticles through a gradient magnetic field, eliminating the risk of hemolysis, reducing energy consumption, and achieving device miniaturization. SUMMARY

[0008] 1. Technical problem core

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to provide a magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system to solve the problems of high risk of hemolysis, high energy consumption, loud noise, and large volume in traditional blood purification systems.

[0010] 2. Technical solution

[0011] The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system provided by the present application comprises:

[0012] (1) Blood purifier: used to remove toxins and waste from blood;

[0013] (2) Magnetic nanoparticles: injected into blood and mixed uniformly with blood;

[0014] (3) Gradient magnetic field generator: generates a gradient magnetic field to drive the flow of blood containing magnetic nanoparticles;

[0015] (4) Control system: controls the output of the gradient magnetic field generator to adjust the flow rate and direction of the blood.

[0016] 3. Working principle

[0017] 3.1 Injection and mixing of magnetic nanoparticles:

[0018] Before the treatment begins, surface-modified magnetic nanoparticles (e.g., Fe3O4) are injected into the patient's blood through an intravenous injection. These nanoparticles have high biocompatibility and good dispersibility, allowing them to mix uniformly with the blood without causing significant immune reactions or toxicity. The concentration of magnetic nanoparticles is typically controlled at 0.1-1 mg / mL to ensure uniform distribution in the blood and to avoid additional burden on blood circulation. The particle size of the nanoparticles ranges from 10-100 nm, which ensures their flowability in the blood and generates sufficient magnetic force under the action of a gradient magnetic field.

[0019] 3.2 Generation and action of gradient magnetic field:

[0020] A gradient magnetic field generator is started to generate a gradient magnetic field that is distributed along the direction of blood flow. The gradient magnetic field is characterized by a non-uniform distribution of magnetic field strength in space, i.e., the magnetic field strength gradually changes along a certain direction. This gradient magnetic field can exert a net force on the magnetic nanoparticles, driving them to move along the direction of the magnetic field gradient.

[0021] The gradient magnetic field generator is typically composed of electromagnets or permanent magnet arrays, with a magnetic field strength ranging from 0.1-1 T and a gradient size ranging from 1-10 T / m. By adjusting the current or the arrangement of the magnets, the magnetic field strength and gradient size can be precisely controlled, allowing for precise regulation of blood flow rate.

[0022] 3.3 Blood flow driven by magnetic fluid:

[0023] Under the action of the gradient magnetic field, the magnetic nanoparticles are driven by the magnetic force, driving the surrounding blood to flow together. Since the nanoparticles are uniformly mixed with the blood, this driving method can achieve smooth blood flow without causing mechanical shear force on blood cells, thereby avoiding the risk of hemolysis that may be caused by traditional mechanical pumps. The blood flow rate is typically controlled at 100-300 mL / min, with the specific value adjusted according to the patient's condition and treatment needs. The control system monitors the blood flow rate and pressure in real time, dynamically adjusting the output of the gradient magnetic field to ensure the stability and safety of blood flow.

[0024] 3.4 Blood purification process:

[0025] Under the drive of the magnetic fluid, blood flows from the arterial end of the patient into the system and passes through the blood purifier. The blood purifier usually uses hollow fiber membranes or adsorption materials as purification media, with a membrane pore size of 0.1-1 μm, which can effectively remove toxins, metabolic waste and inflammatory mediators in the blood while retaining blood cells and beneficial components. When the blood flows through the purifier, toxins and waste are removed by diffusion, adsorption or filtration, and the purification efficiency is usually greater than 90%. The purified blood flows out of the purifier and returns to the venous end of the patient, completing a cycle.

[0026] 3.5 Real-time monitoring and adjustment of the system:

[0027] During the entire treatment process, the control system monitors key parameters such as blood flow rate, pressure, and magnetic field strength in real time through sensors. According to the preset program or real-time feedback signals, the control system automatically adjusts the output of the gradient magnetic field to ensure the stability of blood flow rate and pressure. If abnormal conditions (such as excessive flow rate or high pressure) are detected, the system will automatically alarm and take appropriate adjustment measures, and if necessary, automatically shut down to ensure the safety of treatment.

[0028] 3.6 Treatment completion and nanoparticle removal:

[0029] After treatment, the strength of the gradient magnetic field is gradually reduced to stop blood flow. Then, the patient is disconnected from the system, and the system is cleaned and disinfected. The magnetic nanoparticles injected into the patient's body will be gradually removed through natural metabolism or hemodialysis, avoiding long-term retention in the body. The biological half-life of the nanoparticles is usually greater than 6 hours, ensuring that they can stably play a role during treatment.

[0030] Advantages of the working principle:

[0031] Mechanical pump-free design: using magnetic fluid drive technology, completely avoiding the shear damage of traditional mechanical pumps to blood cells, eliminating the risk of hemolysis, significantly improving treatment safety;

[0032] Low energy consumption: magnetic fluid drive efficiency is high, energy consumption is reduced by more than 65% compared with traditional mechanical pumps, reducing energy consumption and treatment cost;

[0033] Quiet operation: no mechanical moving parts, system runs quietly, noise level below 30 decibels, improving patient treatment experience;

[0034] Precise control: through real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment, precise control of blood flow rate and direction is achieved to ensure treatment effectiveness;

[0035] Miniaturized design: no mechanical pump and its driving system, small and portable device, suitable for various medical scenarios.

[0036] 4. System components and functions

[0037] 4.1 Blood purification device

[0038] Function: Remove toxins, metabolic waste, inflammatory mediators and other harmful substances from blood.

[0039] Specific implementation: Use hollow fiber membranes or adsorbent materials as purification media. When blood flows through the purification device, toxins and waste are removed by diffusion, adsorption or filtration. Purified blood is returned to the patient's body.

[0040] Parameter settings:

[0041] Membrane pore size: 0.1-1 μm, to ensure that blood cells are not trapped;

[0042] Blood flow rate: 100-300 mL / min, adjusted according to patient condition;

[0043] Purification efficiency: toxin removal rate > 90%.

[0044] 4.2 Magnetic nanoparticles

[0045] Function: As a driving medium for magnetic fluid, it generates magnetic force under the action of a gradient magnetic field to drive blood flow.

[0046] Specific implementation: Use biocompatible magnetic materials (such as Fe3O4, γ-Fe2O3) and modify the surface of nanoparticles with hydrophilic groups (such as polyethylene glycol PEG) to improve dispersibility and stability.

[0047] Magnetic nanoparticles are injected into the patient's blood through intravenous injection, with a concentration of 0.1-1 mg / mL.

[0048] Parameter settings:

[0049] Particle size: 10-100 nm, to avoid blocking blood vessels or causing immune reactions.

[0050] Magnetization: > 50 emu / g, to ensure sufficient driving force under a gradient magnetic field.

[0051] Biological half-life: > 6 hours, to ensure the continuity of system operation.

[0052] 4.3 Gradient magnetic field generator

[0053] Function: Generate a gradient magnetic field to drive blood containing magnetic nanoparticles to flow.

[0054] Specific implementation: Use an electromagnet or permanent magnet array to generate a gradient magnetic field by adjusting the current or magnet arrangement, making the magnetic field direction consistent with the blood flow direction to ensure one-way blood flow. In addition, the magnetic field strength gradually changes along the flow direction, forming a gradient to drive the movement of magnetic nanoparticles.

[0055] Parameter settings:

[0056] Magnetic field strength: 0.1-1T, adjusted according to blood flow rate requirements;

[0057] Gradient size: 1-10T / m, to ensure sufficient driving force;

[0058] Magnetic field frequency: 0.1-10Hz, to avoid adverse effects on blood components.

[0059] 4.4 Control system

[0060] Function: Real-time adjustment of the output of the gradient magnetic field generator to control blood flow rate and direction.

[0061] Specific implementation: Use a microprocessor or PLC controller to receive sensor feedback signals (such as blood flow velocity, pressure, magnetic field strength), adjust the magnetic field strength and gradient according to the preset program or real-time data, and accurately control the blood flow rate; in addition, equip with a human-machine interface for convenient operation and monitoring by medical staff.

[0062] Parameter settings:

[0063] Control accuracy: flow rate error <5%;

[0064] Response time: <1 second to ensure system stability;

[0065] Safety protection: set threshold, automatically shut down when flow rate is abnormal or magnetic field is too strong.

[0066] 5. Detailed technical route

[0067] 5.1 Preparation and characterization of magnetic nanoparticles

[0068] Technical route: Use co-precipitation or thermal decomposition method to prepare Fe3O4 nanoparticles; surface modification with PEG to improve biocompatibility and dispersibility; characterize particle size and dispersibility by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS); measure magnetization by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).

[0069] Objective: Obtain magnetic nanoparticles with uniform particle size, high magnetization, and good biocompatibility.

[0070] 5.2 Design and optimization of gradient magnetic field generator

[0071] Technical route: Design an electromagnet or permanent magnet array to simulate the magnetic field distribution; optimize the arrangement of the magnets to ensure that the gradient magnetic field is distributed along the direction of blood flow; verify the magnetic field strength and gradient through finite element analysis (FEA); in addition, make a prototype machine to test the performance of the magnetic field.

[0072] Objective: Achieve an adjustable magnetic field with a strength of 0.1-1T and a gradient of 1-10T / m.

[0073] 5.3 Design and testing of blood purification device

[0074] Technical route: Choose hollow fiber membranes or adsorption materials as the purification medium; design the blood flow channel and optimize the channel geometry to reduce flow resistance; test the purification efficiency, hemolysis rate, and biocompatibility through in vitro experiments.

[0075] Objective: Achieve a toxin removal rate of >90% and a hemolysis rate of <1%.

[0076] 5.4 System integration and performance testing

[0077] Technical route: Integrate the blood purification device, gradient magnetic field generator, and control system; test the system performance through in vitro circulation experiments, including blood flow rate, purification efficiency, energy consumption, etc.; optimize system parameters to ensure stable operation.

[0078] Objective: Achieve a blood flow rate of 100-300mL / min, a 65% reduction in energy consumption, and a hemolysis rate close to 0.

[0079] Technical advantages

[0080] Mechanical pump-free design: Eliminates the risk of hemolysis and improves safety;

[0081] Low energy consumption: Magnetic fluid driving efficiency is high, with energy consumption reduced by more than 65%;

[0082] Precise control: Achieve precise control of blood flow rate and direction through real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment;

[0083] Miniaturization: No mechanical pump and its driving system are needed, making the device smaller and easier to carry and use.

[0084] Through the above technical solutions, the present application provides a high-efficiency, safe, and low-energy-consumption magnetic fluid driving pump-free blood purification system with broad clinical application prospects.

[0085] Innovativeness and beneficial effects

[0086] 1. Innovativeness

[0087] 1.1 Innovative application of magnetic fluid driving technology

[0088] Innovative point: First application of magnetic fluid driving technology in blood purification field, using gradient magnetic field to drive blood flow containing magnetic nanoparticles, completely replacing traditional mechanical pump.

[0089] Technical breakthrough: Precise control of blood flow rate and direction through gradient magnetic field, realizing mechanical contact-free blood driving; magnetic nanoparticles as driving medium, avoiding mechanical pump shear damage to blood cells.

[0090] 1.2 Design and optimization of magnetic nanoparticles

[0091] Innovative point: Design and optimization of magnetic nanoparticles with high magnetization and good biocompatibility, ensuring their stability and safety in blood.

[0092] Technical breakthrough: Surface modification technology (such as PEG modification) is used to improve the dispersion and biocompatibility of nanoparticles; through particle size control and magnetization strength optimization, ensure the high efficiency driving performance of nanoparticles under gradient magnetic field.

[0093] 1.3 Intelligent control of gradient magnetic field generator

[0094] Innovative point: Development of intelligent control system based on real-time feedback, which can dynamically adjust gradient magnetic field output according to blood flow rate and pressure.

[0095] Technical breakthrough: Realize precise control of magnetic field strength and gradient, ensure blood flow rate stable at 100-300mL / min; through real-time monitoring of sensor system running state, automatically adjust magnetic field output, avoid abnormal situation.

[0096] 1.4 Integrated design of pump-free blood purification system

[0097] Innovative point: Integration of magnetic fluid driving technology, blood purification device and control system, forming a complete pump-free blood purification system.

[0098] Technical breakthrough: Compact system structure, small size, convenient to carry and use; no mechanical pump and its driving system, significantly reduce equipment complexity and manufacturing cost.

[0099] 2. Benefits

[0100] 2.1 Eliminate hemolysis risk, improve safety: Adopt magnetic fluid driving technology, completely avoid mechanical pump shear damage to blood cells, eliminate hemolysis risk;

[0101] Clinical significance: Reduce patient complication incidence, improve treatment safety, especially suitable for patients at high risk of hemolysis.

[0102] 2.2 Significantly reduce energy consumption: Magnetic fluid driving efficiency is high, energy consumption is reduced by more than 65% compared with traditional mechanical pump;

[0103] Clinical significance: Reduce energy consumption, lower treatment costs, suitable for resource-limited medical environments.

[0104] 2.3 Quiet operation, improve patient comfort: No mechanical moving parts, system runs quietly, noise level below 30 decibels;

[0105] Clinical significance: Improve patient treatment experience, especially for patients who need long-term blood purification.

[0106] 2.4 Precise control, improve treatment effect: Real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment to achieve precise control of blood flow rate and direction;

[0107] Clinical significance: Ensure blood purification efficiency, improve treatment effect, reduce treatment time.

[0108] 2.5 Miniaturized design, easy to carry and use: No mechanical pump and its driving system, small device size, light weight;

[0109] Clinical significance: Facilitate use in emergency, field rescue and other occasions, expand application range.

[0110] 2.6 Good biocompatibility and high safety: Magnetic nanoparticles are surface-modified with good biocompatibility and clearance;

[0111] Clinical significance: Avoid long-term retention of nanoparticles in the body, reduce potential toxic side effects.

[0112] 2.7 Wide range of applications: The system can be used for various blood purification treatments such as hemodialysis, plasma exchange, hemoperfusion, etc.

[0113] Clinical significance: Improve device versatility and utilization, meet the treatment needs of different patients.

[0114] The present invention provides a high-efficiency, safe, low-energy pump-free blood purification system through innovative magnetic fluid driving technology, optimized magnetic nanoparticle design and intelligent control system. Its originality lies in the comprehensive innovation and system integration design of the technical scheme, and the beneficial effects cover safety, energy consumption, comfort, treatment effect and device portability, etc. The popularization and application of the system will significantly improve the level of blood purification treatment, and has important clinical value and social significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0115] Figure 1 : Structure diagram of magnetic fluid-driven pump-free blood purification system

[0116] Figure: Connection relationship of blood purifier, magnetic nanoparticles, gradient magnetic field generator, control system; blood flow path and magnetic field direction Figure 2 : Preparation process of magnetic nanoparticles Figure: Steps of preparing Fe3O4 nanoparticles by co-precipitation or thermal decomposition method; surface modification and dispersion process. Conclusion The magnetic fluid driven pump-free blood purification system provided by the application realizes efficient, safe and low-energy blood purification through innovative magnetic fluid driving technology, optimized magnetic nanoparticle design and intelligent control system. The system has the advantages of eliminating hemolysis risk, reducing energy consumption, silent operation, precise control and miniaturization design, and has important clinical application value and social significance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0117] 1. Patient preparation

[0118] Magnetic nanoparticle injection: Before the start of treatment, surface-modified magnetic nanoparticles (such as Fe3O4) are injected into the patient's blood through intravenous injection. The concentration of nanoparticles is controlled at 0.1-1mg / mL to ensure uniform distribution in the blood and not to cause additional burden on blood circulation. The injection speed is usually controlled at 1-2mL / min to avoid discomfort to the patient;

[0119] Connect patient's blood vessels to the system: Use sterile catheters to connect the patient's arteries and veins to the input and output ports of the system respectively. Ensure that the connection is sealed well to avoid blood leakage. After the connection is completed, the system is self-checked to ensure that all components are working properly.

[0120] 2. System startup

[0121] Start the gradient magnetic field generator: Start the gradient magnetic field generator to generate a gradient magnetic field along the direction of blood flow. The magnetic field strength is initially set to 0.1T, the gradient size is 1T / m, and the blood flow rate is initially set to 100mL / min;

[0122] Control system adjustment: The control system adjusts the magnetic field strength and gradient size according to the preset program or real-time data to ensure that the blood flow rate is stable at 100-300mL / min. The control system monitors the blood flow rate, pressure and magnetic field strength in real time through sensors and dynamically adjusts the magnetic field output.

[0123] 3. Blood purification

[0124] Blood flow through the purifier: Under the drive of the gradient magnetic field, blood flows from the arterial end of the patient into the system, passing through the blood purifier. The blood purifier uses hollow fiber membranes or adsorbent materials as purification media, with membrane pore sizes ranging from 0.1 to 1 μm, effectively removing toxins, metabolic waste, and inflammatory mediators from the blood;

[0125] Purified blood returns: Purified blood flows out of the purifier and returns to the venous end of the patient. The purification efficiency is usually greater than 90%, ensuring treatment effectiveness.

[0126] 4. Real-time monitoring

[0127] Sensor data collection: The control system collects data in real time through flow sensors, pressure sensors, and magnetic field sensors, monitoring blood flow rate, pressure, magnetic field strength, and other parameters;

[0128] Feedback regulation: Based on sensor feedback signals, the control system automatically adjusts the output of the gradient magnetic field generator to ensure that the blood flow rate and pressure remain within a safe range. If abnormal conditions are detected (such as excessively high flow rate or pressure), the system will automatically alarm and take appropriate adjustment measures, and if necessary, automatically shut down.

[0129] 5. System shutdown

[0130] Stop the gradient magnetic field generator: After treatment, gradually reduce the output of the gradient magnetic field generator to gradually stop blood flow. The magnetic field strength gradually decreases from 1T to 0T to avoid impacting the blood;

[0131] Disconnect the patient: When the magnetic field strength decreases to 0T, blood flow stops. Use sterile procedures to disconnect the patient's blood vessels from the system, and disinfect and seal the catheter interface;

[0132] System cleaning and maintenance: Use sterile saline to flush the blood purifier and catheter, disinfect the system to ensure safety for the next use. Check the operation status of the gradient magnetic field generator, sensors, and control system, replace worn parts to ensure stable system performance.

[0133] Implementation method summary

[0134] Stage Step Implementation method

[0135] System preparation Magnetic nanoparticle injection Intravenous injection, concentration 0.1-1 mg / mL

[0136] System connection and initialization Connect blood vessels, set initial parameters

[0137] System operation Start the gradient magnetic field generator Generate a gradient magnetic field to drive blood flow

[0138] Blood purification: The blood flows through the purifier, removing toxins

[0139] Real-time monitoring and adjustment: Collect data and adjust the magnetic field output

[0140] System shutdown: Stop the gradient magnetic field generator and gradually reduce the magnetic field strength

[0141] Disconnect the patient connection: Sterile operation and disinfection

[0142] System cleaning and maintenance: Rinse and disinfect, and check and maintain

[0143] Precautions

[0144] Safety: Ensure the biocompatibility and clearability of magnetic nanoparticles, avoid long-term retention in the body;

[0145] Precision control: Real-time monitoring of blood flow rate and pressure to ensure stable operation of the system;

[0146] Sterile operation: All operations must be carried out in a sterile environment to avoid the risk of infection.

[0147] Through the above specific execution steps and implementation methods, the magnetic fluid driven pump-free blood purification system provided by the present application can efficiently and safely complete blood purification treatment, and has significant clinical advantages.

[0148] Parameter setting summary

[0149]

Claims

1. Magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system A magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system, characterized by comprising: (1) Blood purifier, used to remove toxins and waste from the blood; (2) Magnetic nanoparticles are injected into the blood and mixed evenly with the blood; (3) a gradient magnetic field generator for generating a gradient magnetic field to drive the flow of blood containing magnetic nanoparticles; (4) A control system used to control the output of the gradient magnetic field generator and adjust the blood flow rate and direction.

2. Magnetic nanoparticles The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The magnetic nanoparticles are surface-modified Fe3O4 or gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles with a particle size range of 10-100 nm and a magnetization intensity greater than 50 emu / g. The surface modification material is polyethylene glycol (PEG).

3. Concentration of magnetic nanoparticles The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The concentration of the magnetic nanoparticles in the blood is 0.1-1 mg / mL.

4. Gradient magnetic field generator The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gradient magnetic field generator includes an electromagnet or a permanent magnet array, and is capable of generating a gradient magnetic field with a magnetic field strength of 0.1-1 T and a gradient size of 1-10 T / m.

5. Adjustment of the gradient magnetic field The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The gradient magnetic field generator can dynamically adjust the magnetic field intensity and gradient size according to blood flow rate requirements.

6. Control system The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control system includes: Sensor module for real-time monitoring of blood flow rate, pressure and magnetic field strength; A control module, configured to adjust the output of the gradient magnetic field generator according to a sensor feedback signal; Human-computer interaction interface, used to set parameters and display system status.

7. Blood Purifier The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blood purifier adopts hollow fiber membrane or adsorption material as purification medium, the membrane pore size is 0.1-1 μm, and the toxin removal rate is greater than 90%.

8. Blood flow rate control The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The control system can accurately control the blood flow rate within 100-300 mL / min, with a control accuracy error of less than 5%.

9. System operation method A method for operating a magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Injecting magnetic nanoparticles into the patient's blood at a concentration of 0.1-1 mg / mL; (2) starting the gradient magnetic field generator to generate a gradient magnetic field to drive the blood flow containing magnetic nanoparticles; (3) Blood flows through a blood purifier to remove toxins and waste; (4) The purified blood is returned to the patient; (5) The gradient magnetic field output is adjusted in real time through the control system to ensure the stability of blood flow rate and pressure.

10. Methods for removing magnetic nanoparticles The operating method according to claim 9, characterized in that After treatment, the magnetic nanoparticles are cleared from the patient's body through hemodialysis or natural metabolism.

11. Scope of application of the system The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system is suitable for various blood purification treatments such as hemodialysis, plasma exchange, and hemoperfusion.

12. System energy consumption The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy consumption of the system is reduced by more than 65% compared with a traditional mechanical pump-driven blood purification system.

13. System Security The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system has no mechanical pump design, eliminating the risk of hemolysis, and the hemolysis rate is less than 1%.

14. Portability of the system The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system is small in size and light in weight, and is easy to carry and use.

15. Biocompatibility of the system The magnetic fluid driven pumpless blood purification system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The magnetic nanoparticles have good biocompatibility and a biological half-life of more than 6 hours. The point to be protected is that the achievable effect environment of this patent cannot be simulated by separating and disassembling the various functions of this patent in a separate manner. The implementation methods of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention. The specific implementation methods of the compound formula of the present invention are not exhaustive. Any transformation by those skilled in the art without creative work falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

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