Diving bell air system for diving and air supply method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a diving bell air supply system for diving and an air supply method thereof.The air supply system comprises a diving bell body, a diving bell umbilical cord, a diver umbilical cord and a bell-borne air supply unit, the diving bell umbilical cord comprises an air supply pipeline and a breathing air pipeline, and high-pressure environment air is provided for the diving bell body, and breathing air is provided for operators; the clock-borne gas supply unit comprises a helium bottle, a liquid nitrogen Dewar bottle and a liquid oxygen Dewar bottle, high-pressure helium-oxygen mixed gas is stored in the helium bottle, gas outlet pipelines of the liquid nitrogen Dewar bottle and the liquid oxygen Dewar bottle are connected to the breathing gas supplementing pipe in parallel, and supplemented nitrogen and / or oxygen are / is adjusted based on the working depth of the diving clock body. The breathing air supply pipe and the breathing air supplementing pipe are connected to the inlet end of the busbar after being connected in parallel and converged, the inlet end of the busbar is further connected with a breathing air pipeline, and the outlet end of the busbar is connected with multiple diver umbilical cords. The proportion of helium, nitrogen and oxygen can be flexibly adjusted according to the current operation depth of the diving bell, and the breathing requirements of divers at different water depths are effectively met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of saturation diving, and particularly relates to a diving bell gas system for diving and a gas supply method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The mobile saturation diving system is mainly used for deep diving operations, such as rescue and lifesaving, emergency rescue and salvage tasks. The system is usually composed of multiple modules, including a living cabin module, a diving bell module, a hoisting module, a centralized operation control module, a life support equipment module, an emergency high-pressure escape cabin module, a support equipment module and a gas source module (optional). The diving bell module, as an important unit connecting the underwater working environment and the mother ship in the mobile saturation diving system, undertakes the important functions of transporting divers to and from water, supporting underwater operations and ensuring the safety of divers. The existing diving bell gas system usually transports a fixed proportion of helium-oxygen mixed gas from the mother ship through the main umbilical to provide breathing gas for divers; at the same time, a plurality of helium-oxygen high-pressure cylinders are arranged inside the diving bell body to provide emergency breathing gas in case of failure of the main umbilical. In addition, necessary decompression devices, gas regulating valves and monitoring instruments are also provided in the prior art to maintain the stability of the environment and the safety of the breathing gas during the operation of the divers.

[0003] However, the existing diving bell gas system has some deficiencies. First, the umbilical gas supply system of the mother ship is prone to gas supply interruption due to cable breakage or interface failure in complex sea conditions, and the traditional bell-mounted high-pressure cylinders are limited in gas storage capacity and mixing precision, making it difficult to meet the requirements of deep diving for a long time. Second, the conventional helium-oxygen mixed gas ratio is fixed, and the breathing gas composition cannot be flexibly adjusted according to different water depths and operation conditions, resulting in insufficient breathing gas density during shallow and medium water depth operations, which may cause problems such as communication difficulties, abnormal breathing load and high-pressure nervous system syndrome. Third, the existing gas system relies on high-pressure cylinders for gas storage, which is limited in capacity, and helium gas, as a rare gas, has high consumption cost, lacking of saving and dynamic optimization mechanism. In addition, when the main umbilical gas supply is interrupted, only emergency gas supply from the helium-oxygen cylinder can be switched to, and the breathing gas composition cannot be further supplemented or adjusted according to environmental changes during the emergency phase, which has the problems of single gas supply and insufficient adaptability. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application proposes a diving bell gas system for diving and a gas supply method thereof, aiming to solve the problems of fixed breathing gas composition of the existing diving bell gas system, inability to dynamically adjust the composition according to the operation depth, high consumption cost of helium gas, single emergency gas supply mode and lack of flexible adjustment capability.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical solutions of the present application are as follows:

[0006] A diving bell gas system, comprising a diving bell body, a diving bell umbilical, a diver umbilical and a bell-mounted gas supply unit, the diving bell umbilical is used to connect a mother ship and the diving bell body in a mobile saturation diving system, the diving bell umbilical comprises a gas supply pipeline and a breathing gas pipeline, which respectively provide high-pressure environment gas in the diving bell body and breathing gas for the operating personnel; the bell-mounted gas supply unit comprises a helium-oxygen cylinder and a liquid nitrogen Dewar flask and a liquid oxygen Dewar flask, the helium-oxygen cylinder stores a fixed proportion of high-pressure helium-oxygen mixed gas, the gas outlet pipelines of a plurality of the helium-oxygen cylinders are connected in parallel to a breathing gas supply pipeline, the gas outlet pipelines of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask and the liquid oxygen Dewar flask are connected in parallel to a breathing gas supplement pipeline, which is used to adjust and supplement nitrogen and / or oxygen based on the working depth of the diving bell body, the breathing gas supply pipeline and the breathing gas supplement pipeline are connected to the inlet end of a manifold after being connected in parallel, the inlet end of the manifold is also connected to the breathing gas pipeline, and the outlet end of the manifold is connected to a plurality of diver umbilicals.

[0007] Preferably, a first electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the breathing gas pipeline, a second electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the breathing gas supply pipeline, and a third electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the breathing gas supplement pipeline, a fourth electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the gas outlet pipeline of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask, and a fifth electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the gas outlet pipeline of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask.

[0008] Preferably, the top of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask is provided with a nitrogen gas outlet pipeline, and the bottom extends upward to a liquid nitrogen communication pipeline, the nitrogen gas outlet pipeline and the liquid nitrogen communication pipeline are connected to the breathing gas supplement pipeline through the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve, the top of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask is provided with an oxygen gas outlet pipeline, and the bottom extends upward to a liquid oxygen communication pipeline, the oxygen gas outlet pipeline and the liquid oxygen communication pipeline are connected to the breathing gas supplement pipeline through the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve.

[0009] Preferably, a liquid nitrogen heater is arranged on the liquid nitrogen communication pipeline, and a liquid oxygen heater is arranged on the liquid oxygen communication pipeline, the liquid nitrogen heater, the liquid oxygen heater, the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve are connected to a controller, and the controller adjusts the heating power of the liquid nitrogen heater and the liquid oxygen heater and the opening degree of the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve based on the working depth.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid nitrogen heater and the liquid oxygen heater adopt semiconductor refrigeration, the liquid nitrogen heater and the liquid oxygen heater are hot ends of semiconductor refrigeration, a first cold end corresponding to the liquid nitrogen heater is arranged on the nitrogen gas outlet pipeline, close to the junction of the liquid nitrogen communication pipeline, a second cold end corresponding to the liquid oxygen heater is arranged on the oxygen gas outlet pipeline, close to the junction of the liquid oxygen communication pipeline, and the cold end and the hot end are connected through a heat pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the breathing air supplement pipe is further provided with an intra-dome branch for supplementing nitrogen and / or oxygen into the diving bell body, and the intra-dome branch is provided with a sixth electromagnetic regulating valve.

[0012] S1, during normal operation of the diving bell body, supplying breathing gas to the diver's umbilical through the breathing air pipe of the main umbilical;

[0013] S2, when the breathing air pipe fails or cannot supply air normally, switching to the bell-mounted air supply unit to supply breathing gas to the diver's umbilical through the breathing air supply pipe;

[0014] S3, according to the operating depth of the diving bell body, controlling the breathing air supplement pipe to supplement nitrogen and / or oxygen to adjust the helium, nitrogen, and oxygen ratio of the breathing gas, generating helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas or other proportion of helium-oxygen mixed gas for the workers to breathe.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the process of supplementing nitrogen and / or oxygen includes heating the liquid nitrogen communication pipe and the liquid oxygen communication pipe through the liquid nitrogen heater and the liquid oxygen heater respectively to cause the liquid nitrogen and the liquid oxygen to gasify, and controlling the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve on the gas outlet pipe of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask and the liquid oxygen Dewar flask to adjust the gas outlet flow.

[0016] Preferably, in step S3, the operating depth is monitored in real time by the controller, and the controller automatically adjusts the amount of nitrogen and / or oxygen supplement and the composition ratio of the breathing gas based on the operating depth.

[0017] Preferably, it further includes step S4, dynamically changing the helium, nitrogen, and oxygen ratio during the decompression phase to adapt to the diver's breathing needs and prevent high pressure nervous syndrome or oxygen poisoning.

[0018] The present application has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) The present application supplements nitrogen and oxygen through the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask and the liquid oxygen Dewar flask, and combines the high-pressure helium-oxygen mixed gas output by the helium-oxygen cylinder, which can flexibly adjust the helium, nitrogen, and oxygen ratio according to the current operating depth of the diving bell, generate helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas or helium-oxygen mixed gas with different proportions, thereby effectively adapting to the breathing needs of divers at different water depths, improving the adaptability and scientificity of the air supply system. By dynamically controlling the density and oxygen partial pressure of the breathing gas, the breathing environment of the diver can be optimized at different depths, reducing the risk of high pressure nervous syndrome, nitrogen intoxication, and high pressure oxygen poisoning, while improving the quality of communication and work comfort of divers underwater, significantly improving the work efficiency and safety.

[0020] (2) The present application introduces nitrogen in an appropriate amount to partially replace the expensive helium component when operating in shallow water, which significantly reduces the consumption of helium, reduces the gas supply cost of saturation diving operation, improves the utilization efficiency of the gas source, and has good economic advantage.

[0021] (3) After the main umbilical gas supply is interrupted, the present application can automatically switch to the clock-mounted gas supply unit, supply gas through the helium-oxygen cylinder, and further supplement nitrogen and / or oxygen according to the needs of the cabin environment, avoiding the limitations of traditional single switching of the gas system, and improving the self-supplying gas capacity and survival guarantee capacity of the diving bell in emergency situations.

[0022] (4) The present application sets electromagnetic regulating valves, liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen heaters, and controllers, which can adjust the evaporation and supplement of liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen in real time based on the operating depth, realize intelligent switching of the gas supply path and fine control of the gas composition, improve the automation level and operation reliability of the diving bell gas system, reduce manual intervention, and improve the controllability and stability of the overall operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] One or more embodiments are exemplified by corresponding drawings, which do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments, and elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, unless otherwise specified. The drawings in the drawings do not constitute a proportional limit.

[0024] Figure 1 The present application is a whole schematic diagram of a diving bell gas system for diving;

[0025] Figure 2 The present application is a structure schematic diagram of a liquid nitrogen Dewar flask and a liquid oxygen Dewar flask;

[0026] Figure 3 The present application is a gas supply method flowchart schematic diagram of a diving bell gas system for diving.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1 - diving bell body; 2 - diving bell umbilical; 3 - diver umbilical; 4 - clock-mounted gas supply unit; 5 - gas supply pipeline; 6 - breathing gas pipeline; 7 - helium-oxygen cylinder; 8 - liquid nitrogen Dewar flask; 9 - liquid oxygen Dewar flask; 10 - breathing gas supply pipe; 11 - breathing gas supplement pipe; 12 - busbar; 13 - first electromagnetic regulating valve; 14 - second electromagnetic regulating valve; 15 - third electromagnetic regulating valve; 16 - fourth electromagnetic regulating valve; 17 - fifth electromagnetic regulating valve; 18 - controller; 19 - clock-in branch; 20 - sixth electromagnetic regulating valve; 81 - nitrogen gas outlet pipe; 82 - liquid nitrogen communication pipe; 83 - liquid nitrogen heater; 84 - first cold end; 91 - oxygen gas outlet pipe; 92 - liquid oxygen communication pipe; 93 - liquid oxygen heater; 94 - second cold end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] For the purpose of promoting the understanding and comprehension of the present application, the present application will be described in further detail by referring to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be noted that when an element is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or one or more intervening elements can be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or one or more intervening elements can be present. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and similar terms are used for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for the purpose of description and do not indicate relative importance or implicitly indicate the number of indicated technical features. Thus, unless otherwise stated, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features; the meaning of "plurality" is two or more. The term "include" and any variation thereof, means the inclusion of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components, and / or combinations thereof, without being exclusive.

[0029] In addition, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mount", "connected", "connection" should be construed broadlyly, for example, can be fixed connection, can be detachable connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can be electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements. All technical and scientific terms used in the present specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The term "and / or" used in the present specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0030] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1-2The embodiment provides a diving bell gas system for diving, which comprises a diving bell body 1, a diving bell umbilical 2, a diver umbilical 3 and a bell-mounted gas supply unit 4, the diving bell body 1 is used for accommodating working divers and serves as a transition space between underwater work and a mother ship, the diving bell umbilical 2 is used for connecting the mother ship and the diving bell body 1 in a mobile saturation diving system, the diving bell umbilical 2 serves as a lifeline for main gas supply and communication, and ensures that the diving bell body 1 can continuously receive environmental maintenance gas and communication instructions from the mother ship during underwater work, the diving bell umbilical 2 comprises a gas supply pipeline 5 and a breathing gas pipeline 6, the gas supply pipeline 5 is used for providing the diving bell body 1 with cabin high-pressure environmental gas to maintain the environmental pressure suitable for the working depth, and the breathing gas pipeline 6 is used for directly conveying breathable mixed gas to the working personnel to guarantee life support, the bell-mounted gas supply unit 4 comprises a helium-oxygen cylinder 7 and a liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 and a liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, the helium-oxygen cylinder 7 stores fixed-proportion high-pressure helium-oxygen mixed gas, the helium-oxygen cylinder 7 serves as a conventional gas storage device inside the diving bell, and is used for providing emergency breathing gas guarantee when the main umbilical 2 fails, gas outlet pipelines of a plurality of helium-oxygen cylinders 7 are connected in parallel to a breathing gas supply pipeline 10, the breathing gas supply pipeline 10 collects the output gas of all the helium-oxygen cylinders 7, realizes unified delivery of high-pressure helium-oxygen mixed gas, gas outlet pipelines of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 and the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9 are connected in parallel to a breathing gas supplement pipeline 11, and are used for adjusting and supplementing nitrogen and / or oxygen based on the working depth of the diving bell body 1, the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 and the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9 release nitrogen and oxygen in a gasification mode, so that the helium, nitrogen and oxygen proportions of the breathing gas are adjusted according to different water depth environments, thereby optimizing the density and composition of the breathing gas of the diver, the breathing gas supply pipeline 10 and the breathing gas supplement pipeline 11 are connected in parallel to an inlet end of a busbar 12 after being converged, the busbar 12 serves as a gas mixing and distribution node, uniformly distributes breathing gas of different sources to downstream, the inlet end of the busbar 12 is also connected with the breathing gas pipeline 6, through the connection with the breathing gas pipeline 6, the breathing gas supply of the main umbilical 2 can also be uniformly managed with the gas source of the bell-mounted gas supply unit 4, and the outlet end of the busbar 12 is connected with a plurality of diver umbilicals 3, the diver umbilicals 3 correspond to respective working divers, and the breathing gas supply of each diver is independent, controllable and safe.

[0032] The first electromagnetic regulating valve 13 is arranged on the breathing air pipeline 6, and is used for controlling the breathing air flow from the diving bell umbilical 2, adjusting the breathing air supply state as required in normal operation, and ensuring that the operator obtains stable breathing air supply. The second electromagnetic regulating valve 14 is arranged on the breathing supply pipeline 10, and is used for controlling the helium-oxygen mixed gas flow output by the helium-oxygen cylinder 7, and can timely open and adjust the gas supply of the helium-oxygen cylinder 7 when the main umbilical 2 is abnormal or the gas supply is insufficient, so as to realize the rapid switching of emergency gas supply. The third electromagnetic regulating valve 15 is arranged on the breathing makeup pipeline 11, and is used for adjusting the nitrogen and oxygen flow supplemented after the gasification of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 and the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, and supplementing appropriate nitrogen and oxygen according to the actual operation depth requirement of the diving bell body 1, so as to realize the dynamic optimization of the breathing gas composition. The fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16 is arranged on the gas outlet pipeline of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8, and is used for controlling the output amount of the nitrogen gas generated by the gasification of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8, which can independently adjust the nitrogen supplement amount, and can also cooperatively adjust the overall breathing gas ratio with the liquid oxygen gas flow. The fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17 is arranged on the gas outlet pipeline of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, and is used for controlling the output amount of the oxygen gas generated by the gasification of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, which can supplement oxygen in real time and accurately according to the operation depth and oxygen partial pressure requirement, and guarantee the safety and rationality of the diving environment.

[0033] The nitrogen gas outlet pipe 81 is arranged at the top of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8, and is used for releasing the nitrogen gas volatilized in the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8, so as to ensure that the gaseous nitrogen can be independently output under different operation requirements. The liquid nitrogen communication pipe 82 extends upward from the bottom of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8, and is used for leading out the liquid nitrogen, so as to quickly generate a large amount of gaseous nitrogen by subsequent heating or gasification treatment for system makeup. After the nitrogen gas outlet pipe 81 and the liquid nitrogen communication pipe 82 are merged, the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16 is communicated with the breathing makeup pipeline 11, the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16 regulates and controls the nitrogen flow output by the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 to the breathing makeup pipeline 11, and realizes intelligent control of the nitrogen supplement ratio. The oxygen gas outlet pipe 91 is arranged at the top of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, and is used for releasing the oxygen gas naturally gasified in the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, so as to meet the conventional oxygen supplement requirement of the diving bell body 1. The liquid oxygen communication pipe 92 extends upward from the bottom of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, and is used for conveying the liquid oxygen to a gasification or heating module, so as to ensure that the liquid oxygen can be quickly converted when a large amount of oxygen is required. After the oxygen gas outlet pipe 91 and the liquid oxygen communication pipe 92 are merged, the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17 is communicated with the breathing makeup pipeline 11, and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17 controls the oxygen flow output by the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, so that the oxygen supplement process can be flexibly adjusted according to the oxygen partial pressure requirement of the diving bell body 1 operation environment.

[0034] Further, the liquid nitrogen communication pipe 82 is arranged with a liquid nitrogen heater 83, which is used for heating treatment of the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen communication pipe 82, to accelerate the nitrogen gasification speed, so as to respond quickly when a large amount of nitrogen gas supplement is needed. The liquid oxygen communication pipe 92 is arranged with a liquid oxygen heater 93, which is used for heating the liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen communication pipe 92, to promote the rapid conversion of the liquid oxygen into gaseous oxygen, to improve the oxygen supply efficiency to adapt to the oxygen demand of the diving bell body 1 at different working depths. The liquid nitrogen heater 83, the liquid oxygen heater 93, the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16 and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17 are connected with the controller 18, which is used as an intelligent control core, to manage the working state of the heater and the electromagnetic regulating valve in real time, to ensure that the gas supplement amount and the gas composition meet the safety breathing requirements. The controller 18 adjusts the heating power of the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 and the opening degree of the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16 and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17 based on the working depth, which is used as a main control parameter, and is automatically set by the controller 18 according to the current underwater environmental conditions, so that the helium, nitrogen and oxygen three gas proportions always adapt to the physiological needs of the divers and the operation safety requirements.

[0035] In some embodiments, the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 can adopt semiconductor refrigeration technology, which can achieve fast response and precise temperature control of the liquid gas heating process, especially suitable for deep water environments with high requirements for oxygen gasification rate and temperature fluctuation control. The semiconductor refrigeration technology has the advantages of fast response speed and high temperature control precision, so that the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 can quickly respond under different working conditions, and improve the flexibility and accuracy of system temperature control. The hot end of the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 is used to directly heat the liquid medium inside the liquid nitrogen communication pipe 82 and the liquid oxygen communication pipe 92, ensuring controllable and stable gasification process and avoiding abnormal gasification rate caused by uneven heating. The first cold end 84 corresponding to the liquid nitrogen heater 83 is arranged on the nitrogen gas outlet pipe 81 near the junction with the liquid nitrogen communication pipe 82. The design of the first cold end 84 helps to form local cooling at the nitrogen gasification outlet position, prevents the heated gas from being returned to the inside of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 and causing abnormal gasification of the liquid nitrogen, and helps to reduce the local pressure fluctuation of the outlet end, reduce natural evaporation loss, prolong the storage time of liquid nitrogen and improve the utilization rate of gas source, improve the system safety and stability of gas supply. The second cold end 94 corresponding to the liquid oxygen heater 93 is arranged on the oxygen gas outlet pipe 91 near the junction with the liquid oxygen communication pipe 92. The arrangement of the second cold end 94 is also conducive to realizing local temperature control at the oxygen gas outlet end, avoiding the reverse interference of the gasified oxygen with the low-temperature balance inside the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, reducing natural evaporation loss, prolonging the storage time of liquid oxygen and improving the utilization rate of gas source. The cold end and the hot end are connected through a heat pipe, and the heat pipe structure can efficiently conduct cold energy, realize the miniaturization and integration of the overall temperature control system, and improve the energy efficiency ratio of the gas conversion process and the long-term reliability of the system.

[0036] The breathing air pipe 11 is also provided with an intra-helium chamber branch 19 which is branched from the breathing air pipe 11, forms an independent branch, and can directly introduce the gasified nitrogen and / or oxygen into the interior of the diving bell body 1 to adjust the cabin environment gas. The intra-helium chamber branch 19 is used for supplementing nitrogen and / or oxygen into the diving bell body 1, and the nitrogen and / or oxygen supplemented through the intra-helium chamber branch 19 can realize dynamic adjustment of the environmental gas composition in the diving bell body 1, which is not only used for coping with natural consumption and leakage of the cabin environment gas, but also can actively adjust the helium, nitrogen and oxygen gas proportion in the cabin according to the requirement of the current operation depth change of the diving bell body 1, optimizes the cabin pressure, density and oxygen partial pressure, and improves the adaptability and comfort of the diver operation environment. The intra-helium chamber branch 19 is provided with a sixth electromagnetic regulating valve 20 which is used for controlling the air supplementing amount and air supplementing time of the intra-helium chamber branch 19, can be comprehensively judged based on the real-time environmental parameters such as operation depth, cabin oxygen partial pressure and cabin pressure, dynamically adjusts the opening degree of the sixth electromagnetic regulating valve 20, so that the composition proportion of the environmental gas in the diving bell body 1 is always matched with the physiological respiratory requirement under different water depth conditions, thereby further improving the intelligent control level and overall operation safety of the diving bell gas system.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 3 In another embodiment, the application also discloses a gas supply method based on the above-mentioned diving bell gas system for diving, which relies on the structural configuration of the diving bell body 1, the diving bell umbilical cord 2, the diver umbilical cord 3 and the bell-mounted gas supply unit 4, can flexibly switch the gas source and dynamically adjust the gas composition under different operation states, ensures the safety of diver breathing, and comprises the following steps.

[0038] S1, during normal operation of the diving bell body 1, the breathing gas pipe 6 of the main umbilical cord 2 is used for supplying breathing gas to the diver umbilical cord 3; the main umbilical cord 2 serves as a conventional gas supply channel, stably transports the breathing gas on the mother ship to the interior of the diving bell body 1, and then distributes the breathing gas to each diver umbilical cord 3 through the current-carrying bar 12, so as to realize continuous gas supply guarantee for the operation personnel.

[0039] S2, when the breathing gas pipe 6 fails or cannot normally supply gas, the bell-mounted gas supply unit 4 is switched to, and the breathing gas supply pipe 10 is used for supplying breathing gas to the diver umbilical cord 3; the helium-oxygen cylinder 7 stored in the bell-mounted gas supply unit 4 serves as an emergency gas source when the main umbilical cord 2 is abnormal, so as to ensure that the diver can still obtain high-pressure breathing gas after losing external gas supply, and improve the redundancy and safety of the system.

[0040] S3, according to the working depth of the diving bell body 1, the breathing air supplement pipe 11 supplements nitrogen and / or oxygen respectively to adjust the helium, nitrogen and oxygen proportion of the breathing gas, generates helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas or other proportion of helium-oxygen mixed gas for the workers to breathe; the breathing air supplement pipe 11 outputs through the gasification of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 and the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, dynamically adjusts the nitrogen and oxygen according to the actual working depth, thereby realizing the precise control of the gas density and oxygen partial pressure, meeting the physiological needs of the divers in different water depth environments and reducing the helium consumption, and improving the operation efficiency and gas source utilization rate.

[0041] In step S3 of the embodiment, the process of supplementing nitrogen and / or oxygen includes that the liquid nitrogen communication pipe 82 and the liquid oxygen communication pipe 92 are heated by the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 respectively, the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 heat the liquid nitrogen and the liquid oxygen to rapidly gasify them into gaseous nitrogen and gaseous oxygen, thereby improving the timeliness and response speed of gas supply, promoting the gasification of the liquid nitrogen and the liquid oxygen, and enabling the nitrogen and the oxygen after gasification to be supplemented flexibly according to the working depth requirement, and improving the control precision of the gas composition. The fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16 and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17 on the gas outlet pipeline of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 and the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9 are controlled to adjust the gas outlet flow rate, the opening degree of the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16 and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17 is controlled to realize the precise control of the nitrogen and oxygen supplement rate, and ensure the balanced composition of the breathing gas in different working environments and meet the physiological needs of the divers. In step S3, the working depth is monitored in real time by the controller 18, the controller 18 continuously detects the current working depth through the pressure sensor or the depth measuring unit connected to the diving bell body 1, the controller 18 automatically adjusts the supplement amount of nitrogen and / or oxygen and the composition proportion of the breathing gas based on the working depth, automatically optimizes the proportion of the helium, nitrogen and oxygen mixed gas according to the water depth change law, avoids frequent manual intervention, and improves the system automation level and the stability of the breathing environment.

[0042] It should be noted that steps S1, S2 and S3 are not in a fixed sequence and are executed in sequence. During the normal operation of the diving bell body 1, that is, in step S1, when the working depth changes or the working requirement needs to adjust the composition of the breathing gas, step S3 can be directly executed according to the real-time monitoring result, the nitrogen and / or oxygen is supplemented through the breathing air supplement pipe 11 to dynamically adjust the proportion of helium, nitrogen and oxygen, and generate mixed gas suitable for the current working environment, thereby ensuring the safety and comfort of the breathing environment of the divers. The execution of step S3 is not a prerequisite for the failure or inability of the breathing gas pipeline 6 to normally supply gas, but can be performed individually or continuously according to the actual needs under the normal gas supply state. Therefore, steps S1 and S3 can be switched or executed in parallel to realize real-time optimization of the composition of the breathing gas in the diving bell body 1, and improve the adaptability and safety of the entire diving operation system.

[0043] Further, step S4 is further included, in the decompression phase, dynamically changing the helium, nitrogen, oxygen ratio to adapt to the diver's breathing needs and prevent high pressure nervous syndrome or oxygen poisoning, during the decompression process, the controller 18 adjusts the gas ratio according to the decompression curve, by gradually reducing the helium component, appropriately increasing the nitrogen or oxygen concentration, to prevent the diver from having abnormal reactions of the nervous system or oxygen poisoning due to improper decompression rate, and to improve the safety and physiological adaptability of the overall decompression operation.

[0044] In this embodiment, the controller 18 can also be communicated with the environmental monitoring system of the diving bell body 1, and dynamically optimize the breathing gas composition ratio according to the comprehensive judgment of the oxygen partial pressure, carbon dioxide concentration and humidity in the cabin and other environmental indicators, realize fine control, improve the comfort and health protection level of the diver's breathing environment. In a specific application scenario, the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 can also be provided with a multi-stage heating mode, which reduces the pressure fluctuation in the gasification process by slowly warming up in stages, avoids the impact on the gas path system caused by the instantaneous release of a large amount of gas, and ensures that the system runs more smoothly and reliably.

[0045] In summary, the present application discloses a diving bell gas system and a gas supply method for diving, the gas system includes a diving bell body 1, a diving bell umbilical 2, a diver umbilical 3 and a bell-mounted gas supply unit 4, by setting up helium-oxygen cylinders 7, liquid nitrogen dewar flasks 8 and liquid oxygen dewar flasks 9, and by communicating and controlling through breathing gas pipes 10, breathing air pipes 11 and a plurality of electromagnetic regulating valves (including first, second, third, fourth and fifth electromagnetic regulating valves 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17), the dynamic adjustment of the breathing gas composition of the diving bell at different operating depths is realized, and at the same time, in the event of abnormal supply of the main umbilical 2, it can quickly switch to the bell-mounted gas supply unit 4 to ensure the safety of the operating personnel; the gas supply method includes using the breathing gas pipeline 6 of the main umbilical 2 for gas supply under normal circumstances, switching to the breathing gas pipe 10 of the bell-mounted gas supply unit 4 for gas supply under abnormal circumstances, and supplementing nitrogen and / or oxygen in real time according to the operating depth of the diving bell body 1, dynamically adjusting the helium, nitrogen and oxygen ratio through the breathing air pipe 11, especially in the decompression phase, by changing the gas composition, effectively preventing high pressure nervous syndrome and oxygen poisoning. Through the above technical scheme, the present application can flexibly and reliably manage the gas source and gas composition during the whole diving bell operation process, not only improving the continuity and safety of the diving operation, but also optimizing the density and oxygen partial pressure matching of the breathing gas, significantly reducing the physiological load and risk of the diver; at the same time, by using the semiconductor refrigeration hot end technology, the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 are connected through the hot end and the first cold end 84, the second cold end 94 and the heat pipe, which improves the response speed and energy utilization efficiency of the gas supply system, and enhances the stability and self-adaptability of the system in extreme underwater environment.

[0046] The present application aims at the technical difficulties in the current mobile saturation diving system, such as single air supply of diving bell, lagging emergency response, and inability to dynamically adjust the composition of breathing gas, and provides a complete and efficient solution, which can significantly improve the safety guarantee level and operation efficiency of deep sea underwater operation, has important promoting significance and application value for the development of saturation diving, deep sea rescue, underwater engineering and other fields, and has a broad popularization prospect.

[0047] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; under the idea of the present application, the technical features in the above examples or different examples can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes of different aspects of the present application as described above, which are not provided in details for simplicity; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A diving bell air system for diving, characterized in that: The invention comprises a diving bell body (1), a diving bell umbilical cord (2), a diver umbilical cord (3), and a bell-borne gas supply unit (4). The diving bell umbilical cord (2) is used to connect a mother ship and the diving bell body (1) in a mobile saturation diving system. The diving bell umbilical cord (2) comprises a gas supply line (5) and a breathing gas line (6), which respectively provide high-pressure ambient gas to the diving bell body (1) and provide breathing gas to the operating personnel. The bell-borne gas supply unit (4) comprises a helium-oxygen cylinder (7), a liquid nitrogen dewar (8), and a liquid oxygen dewar (9). The helium-oxygen cylinder (7) stores a fixed ratio of The invention relates to a diving bell (1) for supplying high-pressure helium-oxygen mixed gas, wherein the outlet pipes of the plurality of helium-oxygen cylinders (7) are connected in parallel to the breathing air supply pipe (10), and the outlet pipes of the liquid nitrogen dewar (8) and the liquid oxygen dewar (9) are connected in parallel to the breathing air supply pipe (11), which is used to adjust the supplementary nitrogen and / or oxygen based on the working depth of the diving bell body (1). The breathing air supply pipe (10) and the breathing air supply pipe (11) are connected in parallel and then connected to the inlet end of the bus (12), the inlet end of the bus (12) is also connected to the breathing air pipe (6), and the outlet end of the bus (12) is connected to a plurality of divers' umbilical cords (3).

2. The diving bell air system for diving according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first electromagnetic regulating valve (13) is provided on the breathing air pipeline (6), a second electromagnetic regulating valve (14) is provided on the breathing air supply pipe (10), a third electromagnetic regulating valve (15) is provided on the breathing air supply pipe (11), a fourth electromagnetic regulating valve (16) is provided on the gas outlet pipe of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask (8), and a fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (17) is provided on the gas outlet pipe of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask (9).

3. The diving bell air system for diving according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask (8) is provided with a nitrogen outlet pipe (81), and a liquid nitrogen connecting pipe (82) extends upward from the bottom. After the nitrogen outlet pipe (81) and the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe (82) are merged, they are communicated with the breathing air supply pipe (11) through the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve (16). The top of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask (9) is provided with an oxygen outlet pipe (91), and a liquid oxygen connecting pipe (92) extends upward from the bottom. After the oxygen outlet pipe (91) and the liquid oxygen connecting pipe (92) are merged, they are communicated with the breathing air supply pipe (11) through the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (17).

4. The diving bell air system for diving according to claim 3, characterized in that: A liquid nitrogen heater (83) is arranged on the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe (82), and a liquid oxygen heater (93) is arranged on the liquid oxygen connecting pipe (92). The liquid nitrogen heater (83), the liquid oxygen heater (93), the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve (16) and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (17) are all connected to a controller (18). The controller (18) adjusts the heating power of the liquid nitrogen heater (83) and the liquid oxygen heater (93) and the opening of the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve (16) and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (17) based on the working depth.

5. The diving bell air system for diving according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid nitrogen heater (83) and the liquid oxygen heater (93) adopt semiconductor refrigeration. The liquid nitrogen heater (83) and the liquid oxygen heater (93) are hot ends of the semiconductor refrigeration. The first cold end (84) corresponding to the liquid nitrogen heater (83) is arranged on the nitrogen outlet pipe (81) and close to the confluence with the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe (82). The second cold end (94) corresponding to the liquid oxygen heater (93) is arranged on the oxygen outlet pipe (91) and close to the confluence with the liquid oxygen connecting pipe (92). The cold end and the hot end are connected by a heat pipe.

6. The diving bell air system for diving according to claim 5, characterized in that: The breathing air supply pipe (11) is further provided with an inner bell branch (19), and the inner bell branch (19) is used to supply nitrogen and / or oxygen into the diving bell body (1). The inner bell branch (19) is provided with a sixth electromagnetic regulating valve (20).

7. A method for supplying air to a diving bell air system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, during normal operation of the diving bell body (1), supplying breathing gas to the diver's umbilical cord (3) through the breathing gas line (6) of the main umbilical cord (2); S2, when the breathing air pipeline (6) fails or fails to supply air normally, switching to the bell-borne air supply unit (4) to supply breathing gas to the diver's umbilical cord (3) through the breathing air supply pipe (10); S3, according to the operating depth of the diving bell body (1), the breathing air supply pipe (11) is controlled to supply nitrogen and / or oxygen respectively, so as to adjust the ratio of helium, nitrogen and oxygen in the breathing gas, and generate a helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas or a helium-oxygen mixed gas of other ratios for the operator to breathe.

8. The air supply method for a diving bell air system according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the process of replenishing nitrogen and / or oxygen includes: heating the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe (82) and the liquid oxygen connecting pipe (92) by means of a liquid nitrogen heater (83) and a liquid oxygen heater (93) respectively, thereby promoting the gasification of liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen, and controlling the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve (16) and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (17) on the gas outlet pipelines of the liquid nitrogen dewar flask (8) and the liquid oxygen dewar flask (9) to adjust the gas outlet flow rate.

9. The air supply method for a diving bell air system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the operating depth is monitored in real time by the controller (18), and the controller (18) automatically adjusts the amount of nitrogen and / or oxygen added and the composition ratio of the breathing gas based on the operating depth.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The method further comprises step S4, in which the ratio of helium, nitrogen and oxygen is dynamically changed during the decompression phase to adapt to the breathing needs of the diver and prevent high-pressure neurological syndrome or oxygen poisoning.

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