Fish luring and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower station

Abstract

The invention provides a fish luring and ecological flow providing device suitable for a high dam hydropower station, and relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering metal structures, the fish luring and ecological flow providing device comprises a water diversion pressure steel pipe, the water diversion pressure steel pipe is provided with two branch pipes, the two branch pipes are connected with an ecological flow pipe and a stilling pool respectively, and an outlet of the stilling pool is connected with a fish luring water diversion pipe; outlets of the ecological flow pipe and the fish-luring water conduit are arranged on the downstream side of the hydropower station dam, and an outlet of the fish-luring water conduit is connected with the fish-luring fishway. A fish passing means is provided for high dams and hydropower stations with large reservoir water level changes, the ecological dam passing requirement of fishes is met, and breeding and survival of the fishes are facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal structure of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly relates to a fish-attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower stations. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a hydropower station construction project, in order to ensure the protection of fish resources and the balance of the downstream ecological system, fish-passing facilities and ecological flow discharge measures are usually configured in the hydropower station. The ecological flow refers to the minimum water flow necessary to maintain the downstream water ecological environment and the survival and reproduction of aquatic organisms, and the fish-attracting flow refers to a specific water flow set to attract fish. In the prior art, the hydropower station usually adopts a scheme of attracting fish by using the tail water flow of a water turbine, but the tail water flow speed is usually low and cannot meet the requirements of the fish-attracting water flow speed of different fish or different geographical environments; or a scheme of a bionic fishway is adopted, and a certain slope of the fishway is designed to realize the fish passing through the dam by the principle similar to a mountain road; however, such a fishway cannot be applied to high dams and hydropower stations with large reservoir water level amplitude. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a fish-attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower stations, which aims to at least solve the technical problems existing in the prior art mentioned in the background.

[0004] The present application provides the following technical solutions to achieve the above-mentioned purposes: A fish-attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower stations, comprising a water diversion pressure steel pipe, two branch pipes are formed in the water diversion pressure steel pipe, the two branch pipes are connected with an ecological flow pipe and a stilling basin respectively, the outlet of the stilling basin is connected with a fish-attracting water diversion pipe, the outlets of the ecological flow pipe and the fish-attracting water diversion pipe are arranged on the downstream side of a dam of a hydropower station, and the outlet of the fish-attracting water diversion pipe is connected with a fish-attracting fishway.

[0005] Further, an accident valve, a working flow regulating valve and a maintenance valve one are sequentially arranged on the ecological flow pipe in the direction of water flow.

[0006] Further, a fish-attracting accident valve, a stilling basin, a working valve, a stilling basin, a working flow regulating valve and a maintenance valve two are sequentially arranged on the fish-attracting water diversion pipe in the direction of water flow.

[0007] Further, a water diversion channel is arranged between the fish-attracting water diversion pipe and the fish-attracting fishway.

[0008] Further, an fish lifting machine and a fish collecting bucket are arranged at the connection between the water diversion channel and the fish-attracting fishway.

[0009] Further, the accident valve of the ecological flow pipe, the working flow regulating valve and the maintenance valve one of the ecological flow valve chamber, and the working flow regulating valve and the maintenance valve two of the fish luring water pipe are arranged in the ecological flow valve chamber, and the ecological flow valve chamber is arranged on the downstream side of the dam of the hydropower station.

[0010] Further, the end of the water channel is provided with a gate and a water supplement valve.

[0011] Further, the bottom elevation of the water channel is arranged above the gate installation elevation.

[0012] Further, the width of the water channel is greater than the width of the fish luring channel.

[0013] Further, the stilling basin is provided with a self-overflow.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: In view of the problem that the water flow speed is low when the tail water of the power station lures fish, and the required flow speed for luring fish cannot be met, the present application provides an effective solution by cooperating the ecological flow pipe and the fish luring flow pipe, especially for high dam and high water head hydropower stations, so as to meet the ecological dam passing demand of fish, and help the breeding and survival of fish, and maintain the ecological balance.

[0015] The present technical solution arranges a stilling basin and an energy dissipation valve between the water inlet of the dam and the fish luring flow valve at the end, and the high water head potential energy before the dam is dissipated in several times, so as to reduce the requirement of the valve energy dissipation coefficient, and greatly reduce the design and manufacturing difficulty of the valve.

[0016] The present technical solution additionally arranges a gate and a water supplement valve at the outlet of the water channel, the water channel is filled with water through the water supplement valve, the water head pressure when the valve is opened is effectively reduced, and the manufacturing difficulty of the valve is reduced.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present technical solution not only improves the utilization efficiency of water resources and saves water consumption, but also meets the ecological demand of fish passing the dam, promotes the breeding and survival of fish, maintains the ecological balance, and exhibits its obvious superiority. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural plan layout schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application (ecological flow valve chamber section view); Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the present application (ecological flow valve chamber section view); Figure 4 It is a detailed structural schematic diagram of the stilling basin of the present application; Fig. 1 is an ecological flow pipe; 2 is an emergency valve; 3 is a working flow regulating valve; 4 is a maintenance valve I; 5 is a fish luring water diversion pipe; 6 is a working valve; 7 is a maintenance valve II; 8 is a water diversion channel; 9 is a fish lifting machine and fish collecting bucket; 10 is a water replenishing valve; 11 is a gate; 12 is a fish luring fishway; 13 is a fish luring emergency valve; 14 is a stilling basin working valve; 15 is a stilling basin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the relevant drawings; the preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, but the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein; on the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs; the terms used herein in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0022] Embodiment 1. A fish luring and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower stations, comprising a water diversion pressure steel pipe, two branch pipes are opened on the water diversion pressure steel pipe, the two branch pipes are connected with an ecological flow pipe 1 and a stilling basin 15 respectively, the outlet of the stilling basin 15 is connected with a fish luring water diversion pipe 5, the outlets of the ecological flow pipe 1 and the fish luring water diversion pipe 5 are arranged on the downstream side of the dam of the hydropower station, and the outlet of the fish luring water diversion pipe 5 is connected with a fish luring fishway 12.

[0023] The ecological flow pipe 1 is sequentially provided with an emergency valve 2, a working flow regulating valve 3 and a maintenance valve I 4 in the direction of water flow; the fish luring water diversion pipe 5 is sequentially provided with a fish luring emergency valve 2, a stilling basin 15 working valve 6, a stilling basin 15, a working flow regulating valve 3 and a maintenance valve II 7 in the direction of water flow; Among them, the emergency valve 2, working flow regulating valve 3, and maintenance valve 1 4 are installed on the ecological flow pipe 1 to control the size and speed of the water flow, thereby providing a water flow that meets the requirements of ecological decentralization. The emergency valve 2 provides an emergency shutdown protection measure for the working valve 6 in the event of an accident. The maintenance valve 1 4 blocks water when the tailwater level is higher than the centerline of the pipeline, providing dry maintenance conditions. The working valve 6 on the fish attracting flow pipe reduces the high head water flow before the valve to a state that meets the flow rate and flow requirements of fish attracting. The maintenance valve 2 7 provides dry maintenance conditions for the working valve 6. The water diversion channel 8 effectively adjusts the water flow state, allowing the relatively concentrated water flow released by the ecological flow pipe 11 to gradually expand, so that the concentrated water flow beam matches the width of the fish attracting channel.

[0024] The diameters of the emergency valve 2, working flow regulating valve 3, maintenance valve 1 4, working valve 6 and maintenance valve 2 7 must be selected to meet the discharge flow requirements under the most unfavorable flow conditions at the lowest water head, and meet the flow rate and discharge coefficient requirements under the most unfavorable water retaining conditions at the highest water head.

[0025] A water diversion channel 8 is provided between the fish-attracting water diversion pipe 5 and the fish-attracting fishway 12; a fish elevator and a fish collecting bucket 9 are provided at the connection between the water diversion channel 8 and the fish-attracting fishway 12. The water diversion channel 8 provides a location for the fish elevator and the fish collecting bucket 9, making it convenient for the fish-attracting water diversion pipe 5 to lure fish upstream through the fish-attracting fishway 12, and then transfer the fish to the upstream of the dam through the fish elevator and the fish collecting bucket 9.

[0026] The end of the water diversion channel 8 is provided with a gate 11 and a water supply valve 10. The water supply valve 10 is used to fill the water diversion fishway with water, and the gate 11 blocks the water to make the water level accumulate to a certain height, reducing the water pressure difference before and after the valve is opened, and at the same time reducing the difficulty of valve manufacturing.

[0027] The stilling pool 15 is provided with a self-overflow outlet, and a drainage pipe is provided on the self-overflow outlet. The outlet of the drainage pipe is provided on the downstream side of the hydropower station dam. By providing the self-overflow outlet on the stilling pool 15, a discharge channel is provided for redundant water, thereby avoiding excessive water accumulation in the stilling pool 15 and causing interference to nearby facilities.

[0028] The working principle and usage of the present invention: The main application scenario of the present invention is a high-dam hydropower station. By opening a branch pipe on the water diversion pressure steel pipe on the downstream side of the hydropower station dam, the ecological flow pipe 1 and the fish-attracting water diversion pipe 5 are connected through the branch pipe to provide necessary water resources for the ecological environment and fish behind the dam. The layout of the present invention is flexible. According to the specific situation of the high-dam hydropower station, the location of the branch pipe opening and the location of the energy dissipation pool 15 can be flexibly adjusted. The location of the energy dissipation pool 15 can be combined with the power plant, and the energy dissipation pool 15 also serves as a fire water pool for the power plant. Embodiment 2. A fish-attracting and ecological flow providing device suitable for high dam hydropower stations, based on embodiment 1, the outlet inlet of the fish-attracting diversion pipe 5 is arranged at the same height, the diversion channel 8 is used as a reservoir at the outlet to provide a certain back pressure, reduce the water pressure difference before and after the gate 11, and reduce the difficulty of design and manufacture of the gate 11; when the water level exceeds the bottom elevation of the fishway 12, the fish-attracting flow is provided in the form of water overflow; compared with embodiment 1, the aforementioned arrangement can reduce a set of gate 11 equipment.

[0029] Embodiment 3. A fish-attracting and ecological flow providing device suitable for high dam hydropower stations, based on embodiment 1, an ecological flow valve chamber is additionally provided, the accident valve 2, the working flow regulating valve 3 and the maintenance valve one 4 of the ecological flow pipe 1 and the working flow regulating valve 3 and the maintenance valve two 7 of the fish-attracting diversion pipe 5 are jointly arranged in the ecological flow valve chamber, and the ecological flow valve chamber is arranged on the downstream side of the hydropower station dam. By arranging the ecological flow valve chamber, the accident valve 2, the working flow regulating valve 3 and the maintenance valve one 4 of the ecological flow pipe 1 and the working flow regulating valve 3 and the maintenance valve two 7 of the fish-attracting diversion pipe 5 are provided with a protection place, avoiding the submergence of the aforementioned structures when the water level behind the dam is too high, so as to affect the daily maintenance work of the ecological flow pipe 1 and the fish-attracting diversion pipe 5.

[0030] Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. The above embodiments are not used to limit the present application, and the present application can have various changes and variations for those skilled in the art. Any combination, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and other embodiments made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the present application should be within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fish-attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high-dam hydropower stations, comprising a water diversion penstock, characterized in that: The water diversion penstock is provided with two bifurcated pipes, the two bifurcated pipes being connected to the ecological flow pipe (1) and the stilling pool (15) respectively. The outlet of the stilling pool (15) is connected to the fish attracting water diversion pipe (5). The outlets of the ecological flow pipe (1) and the fish attracting water diversion pipe (5) are arranged on the downstream side of the hydropower station dam. The outlet of the fish attracting water diversion pipe (5) is connected to the fish attracting fishway (12).

2. The fish attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: An emergency valve (2), a working flow regulating valve (3) and a maintenance valve (4) are sequentially arranged on the ecological flow pipe (1) along the water flow direction.

3. The fish attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish attracting water pipe (5) is provided with a fish attracting accident valve (2), a stilling pool (15), a working valve (6), a stilling pool (15), a working flow regulating valve (3) and a second maintenance valve (7) in sequence along the water flow direction.

4. The fish attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water diversion channel (8) is provided between the fish-attracting water diversion pipe (5) and the fish-attracting fishway (12).

5. The fish attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fish lift and a fish collecting bucket (9) are provided at the connection between the water diversion channel (8) and the fish attracting fishway (12).

6. The fish attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower station according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that: The accident valve (2), the working flow regulating valve (3) and the first inspection valve (4) of the ecological flow pipe (1) and the working flow regulating valve (3) and the second inspection valve (7) of the fish attracting water pipe (5) are arranged together in the ecological flow valve chamber, and the ecological flow valve chamber is arranged on the downstream side of the hydropower station dam.

7. The fish attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower station according to claim 4, characterized in that: A gate (11) and a water supply valve (10) are provided at the end of the water diversion channel (8).

8. The fish-attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high-dam hydropower stations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom elevation of the water diversion channel (8) is set above the installation elevation of the gate (11).

9. The fish attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the water diversion channel (8) is greater than the width of the fish attracting fishway (12).

10. The fish attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stilling pool (15) is provided with a self-overflow outlet.

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