Anti-spit anti-spray water distributor

Abstract

This invention discloses an anti-spray and anti-blowout water distributor, comprising a working cylinder, a main body, a connecting sleeve, and a lower connector. The main body is externally fitted with an upper magnetic ring, a lower magnetic ring, a piston, and an upper sealing gasket. The main body is threadedly connected to a limiting ring. The main body is placed inside the working cylinder, forming a sealed cavity with the working cylinder and piston. The upper and lower magnetic rings are located within the sealed cavity. The main body is welded to a centralizing body. A pressure relief rod is placed inside a deflection hole in the main body. A fixing ring is threadedly connected to the main body. The lower sealing gasket is placed inside the fixing ring and a spare cap. The working cylinder is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve, and the connecting sleeve is threadedly connected to the lower connector. A guide sleeve is screwed to the lower connector. This anti-spray and anti-blowout water distributor features a system where the pipe column does not spray backflow, and the anti-spray function remains effective, ensuring both operational safety and environmental protection requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oilfield production tools, specifically to a water distribution device for preventing spitting and blowouts. Background Technology

[0002] Water distributors are specialized downhole tools used in oil extraction for stratified water injection operations. When used in conjunction with packers, these tools can quantitatively inject water into different oil layers under the same bottom hole pressure, achieving stratified water distribution. By adjusting the size of the water nozzle, the injection volume of each water injection layer can be controlled, thereby improving oil recovery. However, when the water injection string is stopped, the well is flushed, or testing operations are conducted, the formation fluid contains sand and impurities, which flow back into the wellbore and tubing, easily clogging its core component—the water nozzle. This prevents the water distribution task from being completed when water is injected again. It can also cause erosion and wear on the precision components inside the water distributor (such as springs and valve cores), affecting its service life and reliability. Furthermore, it can disrupt the formation flow field, making subsequent testing and logging data inaccurate.

[0003] Chinese utility model patent CN205532529U, published on August 31, 2016, discloses a piston-controlled anti-backflow eccentric water distributor. It includes a water distribution body with an eccentric hole for installing a plug and a water injection hole connecting to the eccentric hole. A piston and spring are fitted around the outside of the water distribution body to control the opening and closing of the water injection hole. During water injection, the injected water passes through the plug nozzle and the water injection hole of the water distribution body, acting on the piston to push it downwards, compressing the spring. When the thrust exceeds the spring's upward force, the piston begins to descend, opening the water injection channel. The injected water enters the annulus and is injected into the formation. After depressurization or well shut-in, there is no pressure in the tubing. At this time, the piston is not subjected to downward thrust but only to the upward force of the spring. The piston returns to its original position, closing the water injection channel and sealing the water distributor to prevent formation backflow material from entering the water distributor or the tubing string.

[0004] The water distributor has an anti-backflow function, but when the piston moves upward to reset and closes the water injection channel, the oil casing is not connected, the tubing is filled with well fluid, and the pressure inside the tubing increases. When the tubing string is pulled up, the well fluid is carried to the surface with the tubing string, causing a blowout problem and resulting in environmental pollution. Another problem is that when the water distributor works in the well for a long time, the injection pressure is high, and the piston is always in a downward state, compressing the spring. During the water injection cycle, the spring fatigues due to compression, and the well fluid causes corrosion and scaling on the spring. As a result, after the water injection string stops, the spring's elasticity is insufficient, and it cannot push the piston upward to reset, causing the anti-backflow function to fail. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an anti-spray and anti-blowout water distributor that solves the problems of existing anti-backflow water distributors being unable to prevent the nozzle from being lifted and the anti-backflow function being prone to failure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A water distributor with anti-spitting and anti-spraying features a working cylinder, a main body, a connecting sleeve, and a lower connector. The main body is externally fitted with an upper magnetic ring, a lower magnetic ring, a piston, and an upper sealing gasket. The main body is threadedly connected to a limiting ring. The main body is placed inside the working cylinder, forming a sealed cavity with the working cylinder and piston. The upper and lower magnetic rings are located within the sealed cavity. The main body is welded to a centralizing body. A pressure relief rod is placed inside a deflection hole in the main body. A fixing ring is threadedly connected to the main body. The lower sealing gasket is placed inside the fixing ring and a spare cap. The working cylinder is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve. The connecting sleeve is threadedly connected to the lower connector. The guide sleeve is screwed to the lower connector.

[0008] Preferably, the main body is sealed to the working cylinder, piston, and upper sealing gasket by a sealing element; the working cylinder is sealed to the piston and upper sealing gasket by a sealing element; the main body is sealed to the pressure relief rod and fixing ring by a sealing element; the pressure relief rod and fixing ring are sealed by a lower sealing gasket; and the connecting sleeve and lower connector are sealed by a sealing element.

[0009] Preferably, the working barrel and the main body are provided with a liquid inlet hole in the middle. During water injection operations, the water is injected into the formation through two liquid inlets. The connecting sleeve is provided with a liquid inlet hole in the middle. The main body is provided with a liquid inlet hole at the bottom. When the tubing string is pulled up, the well fluid in the wellbore pushes the pressure relief rod upward through the two liquid inlets, connecting the oil sleeve and the tubing. The well fluid in the tubing flows back into the wellbore, solving the blowout problem.

[0010] Working principle of the invention:

[0011] During water injection operations, a plug is installed in the main body's offset hole. The lower end face of the plug pushes the pressure relief rod downwards. The pressure relief rod and the fixing ring are sealed by the lower sealing gasket, closing the passage between the connecting sleeve and the main body's fluid inlet. Well fluid is injected into the tubing, increasing the pressure inside the tubing. The well fluid pushes the piston upwards through the main body's fluid inlet, opening the working cylinder's fluid inlet. Well fluid is then injected into the formation through the working cylinder's fluid inlet, achieving water injection. When the water injection string is stopped, the well is flushed, or a test operation is performed, the well fluid pressure inside the tubing decreases, and the piston's thrust decreases. Utilizing the principle of like pole repulsion between the upper and lower magnetic rings, the lower magnetic ring moves downwards, pushing the piston down to the upper sealing gasket end face, closing the working cylinder's fluid inlet. Formation well fluid will not enter the water distributor, achieving an anti-backflow function.

[0012] During tubing string operation, the plug is first removed, and the well fluid in the wellbore enters the connecting sleeve and the main body inlet. The wellbore pressure pushes the pressure relief rod upward. When the pressure relief rod reaches the upper end face of the main body offset hole, the pressure relief rod and the fixing ring are no longer in a sealed state, and the oil sleeve is connected. As the tubing is pulled out, the well fluid in the tubing string flows into the wellbore. The well fluid in the tubing string will gradually decrease. After the tubing string is pulled out of the ground, there is no well fluid, which will not cause environmental pollution and realizes the function of the blowout preventer.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] In this invention, the anti-backflow function employs a structure where the main body and the working cylinder form a sealed cavity. This sealed cavity does not come into contact with the well fluid, preventing scaling and rust. An upper and lower magnetic ring are installed within the sealed cavity. Utilizing the principle of like pole repulsion of the magnetic rings, the piston is pushed to close the fluid inlet of the working cylinder. This solves the problem of conventional anti-backflow distributors, which use springs to push the piston for sealing, leading to scaling and corrosion that prevents the piston from returning to its original position and causes the anti-backflow function to fail. It also ensures the stable operation of the upper and lower magnetic rings and the piston, extending the distributor's downhole operating cycle. The blowout prevention function employs a pressure relief rod and a fixed ring sealing structure. During water injection operations, it closes the channels of the connecting sleeve and the main body fluid inlet, ensuring normal water injection operations of the water distributor. During tubing string tripping operations, the pressure relief rod is pushed upward by the wellbore pressure, connecting the oil sleeve and allowing the well fluid in the tubing string to flow into the wellbore. After the tubing string is pulled out of the ground, there is no well fluid, preventing environmental pollution and achieving the blowout prevention function. This function solves the problem of well fluid being pressured and causing blowouts during tubing string tripping operations, ensuring both operational safety and meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has significant practical effects and can produce obvious beneficial results. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the anti-spitting and anti-spraying water distributor of the present invention during water injection operation;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the anti-spray and anti-blowout water distributor during the pipe-raising operation of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the main body of an anti-spray and anti-jet water distributor according to the present invention;

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Working cylinder; 2. Straightening body; 3. Main body; 4. Limiting ring; 5. Pressure relief rod; 501. Fixing ring; 502. Lower sealing gasket; 503. Spare cap; 6. Connecting sleeve; 7. Guide sleeve; 8. Lower connector; 9. Upper magnetic ring; 10. Lower magnetic ring; 11. Piston; 12. Upper sealing gasket; 13. Screw. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, an anti-spitting and anti-spraying water distributor includes a working cylinder 1, a main body 3, a connecting sleeve 6, and a lower connector 8. The main body 3 is externally fitted with an upper magnetic ring 9, a lower magnetic ring 10, a piston 11, and an upper sealing gasket 12. The main body 3 is threadedly connected to a limiting ring 4. The main body 3 is placed inside the working cylinder 1, forming a sealed cavity with the working cylinder 1 and piston 11. The upper magnetic ring 9 and lower magnetic ring 10 are located within the sealed cavity. The main body 3 is welded to a centralizing body 2. A pressure relief rod 5 is placed inside an off-center hole in the main body 3. A fixing ring 501 is threadedly connected to the main body 3. A lower sealing gasket 502 is placed inside the fixing ring 501 and a spare cap 503. The working cylinder 1 is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve 6, and the connecting sleeve 6 is threadedly connected to the lower connector 8. A guide sleeve 7 is also included. The lower connector 8 is connected by screws 13. The main body 3 is sealed to the working cylinder 1, piston 11, and upper sealing gasket 12 by sealing elements. The working cylinder 1 is sealed to the piston 11 and upper sealing gasket 12 by sealing elements. The main body 3 is sealed to the pressure relief rod 5 and fixing ring 501 by sealing elements. The pressure relief rod 5 and fixing ring 501 are sealed by the lower sealing gasket 502. The connecting sleeve 6 is sealed to the lower connector 8 by sealing elements. The working cylinder 1 and the main body 3 are provided with liquid inlet holes in the middle. During water injection operations, the liquid is injected into the formation through the two liquid inlet holes. The connecting sleeve 6 is provided with a liquid inlet hole in the middle. The main body 3 is provided with a liquid inlet hole at the bottom. When the tubing is pulled up, the well fluid in the wellbore pushes the pressure relief rod 5 upward through the two liquid inlet holes, connecting the oil and casing. The well fluid in the tubing flows back into the wellbore, solving the blowout problem.

[0022] During water injection operations, a plug is installed in the offset hole of the main body 3. The lower end face of the plug pushes the pressure relief rod 5 downward. The pressure relief rod 5 and the fixing ring 501 are sealed by the lower sealing gasket 502, closing the channel between the connecting sleeve 6 and the fluid inlet of the main body 3. Well fluid is injected into the tubing, the pressure inside the tubing increases, and the well fluid pushes the piston 11 upward through the fluid inlet of the main body 3. The fluid inlet of the working cylinder 1 is opened, and the well fluid is injected into the formation through the fluid inlet of the working cylinder 1, realizing the water injection operation. When the water injection string stops, the well is flushed, or a test operation is performed, the pressure of the well fluid in the tubing decreases, and the thrust of the piston 11 decreases. Utilizing the principle of like pole repulsion between the upper magnetic ring 9 and the lower magnetic ring 10, the lower magnetic ring 10 moves downward, pushing the piston 11 downward to the end face of the upper sealing gasket 12, closing the fluid inlet of the working cylinder 1. The formation well fluid will not enter the water distributor, realizing the anti-backflow function.

[0023] During the tubing string tripping operation, the plug is first removed. Well fluid in the wellbore enters the inlet hole of the connecting sleeve 6 and the main body 3. The pressure in the wellbore pushes the pressure relief rod 5 upward. When the pressure relief rod 5 reaches the upper end face of the offset hole of the main body 3, the pressure relief rod 5 and the fixing ring 501 are no longer in a sealed state, and the tubing is connected. As the tubing is pulled out, the well fluid in the tubing string flows into the wellbore. The well fluid in the tubing string will gradually decrease. After the tubing string is pulled out of the ground, there is no well fluid, which will not cause environmental pollution and realizes the function of the blowout preventer.

[0024] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water distributor with anti-spitting and anti-spraying properties, comprising a working cylinder (1), a main body (3), a pressure relief rod (5), a fixing ring (501), a lower sealing gasket (502), a spare cap (503), a connecting sleeve (6), a guide sleeve (7), and a lower connector (8), characterized in that: The main body (3) is externally fitted with an upper magnetic ring (9), a lower magnetic ring (10), a piston (11), and an upper sealing gasket (12). The main body (3) is threadedly connected to the limiting ring (4). The main body (3) is placed inside the working cylinder (1). The main body (3), the working cylinder (1), and the piston (11) form a sealed cavity. The upper magnetic ring (9) and the lower magnetic ring (10) are located inside the sealed cavity. The main body (3) is welded to the centralizing body (2). The pressure relief rod (5) is placed inside the offset hole of the main body (3). The fixing ring (501) is threadedly connected to the main body (3). The lower sealing gasket (502) is placed inside the fixed ring. Inside the fixed ring (501) and the spare cap (503), the working cylinder (1) and the connecting sleeve (6) are connected by threads, the connecting sleeve (6) and the lower connector (8) are connected by threads, and the guide sleeve (7) and the lower connector (8) are connected by screws (13). The working cylinder (1) and the main body (3) are provided with liquid inlet holes in the middle. During water injection operations, the liquid is injected into the formation through the two liquid inlet holes. The connecting sleeve (6) is provided with liquid inlet holes in the middle, and the main body (3) is provided with liquid inlet holes at the bottom. When the tubing is pulled up, the well fluid in the wellbore pushes the pressure relief rod (5) upward through the two liquid inlet holes, the oil casing is connected, and the well fluid in the tubing flows back into the wellbore, solving the blowout problem.

2. The anti-spray and anti-jet water distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body (3) is sealed with the working cylinder (1), piston (11), and upper sealing gasket (12) by a sealing element. The working cylinder (1) is sealed with the piston (11) and upper sealing gasket (12) by a sealing element. The main body (3) is sealed with the pressure relief rod (5) and fixing ring (501) by a sealing element. The pressure relief rod (5) and fixing ring (501) are sealed with the lower sealing gasket (502). The connecting sleeve (6) and lower connector (8) are sealed with a sealing element.

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