Full-automatic barb fish primary processing all-in-one machine

Abstract

This invention relates to a fully automatic integrated machine for primary processing of basa fish, belonging to the field of fish primary processing equipment technology. It solves the problems of low automation levels, lack of dedicated equipment, poor adaptability of general-purpose equipment, uncontrollable gutting depth leading to fish meat contamination, and incomplete or damaged skinning; low efficiency and significant damage to fish meat due to fragmented multi-stage processing; and cross-contamination between viscera, head, tail, and finished product collection. A synchronous belt conveyor clamping device is horizontally mounted on the frame, with two sets of synchronous belt conveyors arranged side-by-side to form a clamping and conveying area, stably clamping the fish during transport. The processing device is sequentially equipped along the conveying direction with viscera removal, head and tail removal, back opening, skinning, and collection devices, enabling continuous automated viscera removal, head and tail removal, back opening, skinning, and finished product collection for basa fish. This invention achieves fully automated primary processing of basa fish, significantly improving processing efficiency, operational safety, and product reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fish primary processing equipment technology, specifically to a fully automatic basa fish primary processing integrated machine. Background Technology

[0002] With the fast pace of life, the market demand for processed fish products continues to rise due to their advantages of balanced nutrition, convenient consumption, and ease of secondary processing. However, the current fish processing industry chain in my country still has shortcomings. The overall level of mechanization and intelligence is low, and the capacity for automated continuous processing is insufficient. In particular, for specialty categories such as basa fish, which have become increasingly popular in recent years and have seen a surge in demand, the industry still lacks specialized processing equipment that is highly adaptable and efficient. The proportion of manual and general-purpose equipment processing is high, resulting in problems such as inaccurate fish positioning, unstable conveying, easy cutting of the gallbladder during gutting and contamination of the fish meat, incomplete skinning or excessive cutting of the fish meat, high processing damage rate, and unstable product quality. There is a significant gap between supply and demand.

[0003] The development of the integrated basa fish processing machine can, on the one hand, fill the gap in domestic primary processing equipment specifically for basa fish, solving the problems of low efficiency, high damage rate, and unstable product quality caused by the current reliance on manual labor or general equipment in basa fish processing, and improving the mechanization level of basa fish processing; on the other hand, it can promote the development of fish primary processing technology towards specialization and intelligence, help upgrade my country's aquatic product processing industry, meet the market demand for efficient and high-quality fish processed products, and have both economic and industrial promotion value. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of low automation level and lack of dedicated equipment in the current primary processing of basa fish; poor adaptability of general equipment; uncontrollable depth of gutting that easily contaminates the fish meat; incomplete or damaged skinning; low efficiency and significant damage to the fish meat due to decentralized multi-process processing; and easy cross-contamination between internal organs, head and tail and finished product collection. Therefore, this invention provides a fully automatic integrated primary processing machine for basa fish.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0006] A fully automatic basa fish primary processing integrated machine includes a frame 1, a synchronous belt conveyor clamping device 2, and a processing device 3. The synchronous belt conveyor clamping device 2 is horizontally installed on the frame 1 along the fish processing sequence direction. The synchronous belt conveyor clamping device 2 includes two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21, which are arranged side by side to form a conveying area. During the fish conveying process, the fish is clamped by the transmission belts in the synchronous belt conveyor mechanisms 21 on both sides. The processing device 3 includes a visceration device 31, a head and tail removal device 32, a back opening device 33, a skinning device 34, and a collection device 35 arranged sequentially from front to back along the conveying direction of the synchronous belt conveyor clamping device 2, thereby realizing the automated visceration, head removal, tail removal, back opening, skinning, and collection of basa fish in sequence.

[0007] Furthermore, each synchronous belt conveyor mechanism 21 includes a driving pulley 211, a driven pulley 212, a transmission belt 213, and a pulley drive motor 214. The driving pulley 211 and the driven pulley 212 are respectively arranged vertically opposite each other at the front and rear ends of the frame 1. The upper and lower ends of the axle of the driving pulley 211 and the driven pulley 212 are respectively rotatably mounted on bearing seats through bearings. The driving pulley 211 and the driven pulley 212 are connected by transmission belt 213. The pulley drive motor 214 is coaxially arranged below the driving pulley 211. The output shaft of the pulley drive motor 214 is fixedly connected to the axle of the driving pulley 211.

[0008] Furthermore, the synchronous belt conveyor clamping device 2 also includes two elastic support components 22. The two elastic support components 22 are arranged horizontally along the conveying direction inside the surrounding area of ​​the transmission belt 213 in the two synchronous belt conveyor mechanisms 21. Each elastic support component 22 includes a separator fixing plate 221 and a plurality of S-shaped elastic separators 222. The separator fixing plate 221 is arranged horizontally along the conveying direction between the driving pulley 211 and the driven pulley 212 of the synchronous belt conveyor mechanism 21. The two ends of the separator fixing plate 221 are fixedly connected to the bearing seats at the lower ends of the axles of the driving pulley 211 and the driven pulley 212, respectively. A plurality of S-shaped elastic separators 222 are arranged in a uniformly inclined manner from front to back on the side of the separator fixing plate 221 near the conveying area. The inclination direction of the S-shaped elastic separators 222 is consistent with the conveying direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the synchronous belt conveyor clamping device 2 also includes a synchronous belt spacing adjustment component 23. The synchronous belt spacing adjustment component 23 is disposed at the bottom of one of the synchronous belt conveyor mechanisms 21. The fixed end of the synchronous belt spacing adjustment component 23 is mounted on the frame 1, and the movable end of the synchronous belt spacing adjustment component 23 is connected to the corresponding synchronous belt conveyor mechanism 21 above. The synchronous belt spacing adjustment component 23 is used to drive the upper synchronous belt conveyor mechanism 21 to move closer to or away from the other synchronous belt conveyor mechanism 21 mounted on the frame 1, thereby adjusting the spacing between the two transmission belts 213 in the dual synchronous belt conveyor mechanisms 21.

[0010] Furthermore, the evisceration device 31 is located at the front end of the conveying area formed by the synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21 on both sides. The evisceration device 31 includes a contour-following centering support mechanism 311, an opening and cutting mechanism 312, and a flexible brush cleaning mechanism 313.

[0011] The contour-following centering support mechanism 311 is a split structure, including two contour-following centering support units, one in front and one in back. The two contour-following centering support units are arranged sequentially from front to back under the conveying area between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21. The contour-following centering support unit adopts a Y-shaped or V-shaped structure that conforms to the body shape characteristics of the basa fish. The bottom of the contour-following centering support unit is mounted on the frame 1.

[0012] A flaring and cutting mechanism 312 is provided between two contour-following centering support units. The flaring and cutting mechanism 312 includes a flaring round blade 3121, a flaring blade holder 3122, a drive motor 3123, and a depth adjustment mechanism. The two ends of the central shaft of the flaring round blade 3121 are rotatably mounted on the flaring blade holder 3122 through bearings. The drive motor 3123 is coaxially arranged on the side of the central shaft of the flaring round blade 3121. The output shaft of the drive motor 3123 is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the flaring round blade 3121 through a coupling. The housing of the drive motor 3123 is mounted on the flaring blade holder 3122. A depth adjustment mechanism is provided between the flaring blade holder 3122 and the frame 1. The fixed end of the depth adjustment mechanism is mounted on the frame 1, and the movable end of the depth adjustment mechanism is connected to the flaring blade holder 3122. The depth adjustment mechanism is used to drive the flaring blade holder 3122 and the flaring round blade 3121 to rise or fall, thereby adjusting the flaring and cutting depth.

[0013] A flexible brush cleaning mechanism 313 is provided between the contour-following centering support mechanism 311 and the head and tail removal device 32. The flexible brush cleaning mechanism 313 includes a circular nylon brush 3131, a brush drive shaft, and a brush drive motor 3132. The circular nylon brush 3131 is arranged vertically along the conveying direction, and the circular nylon brush 3131 and the belly-splitting circular knife 3121 are located on the same straight line. The brush drive shaft is coaxially embedded in the center of the circular nylon brush 3131. The brush drive motor 3132 is coaxially arranged on the side of the circular nylon brush 3131. The output shaft of the brush drive motor 3132 is fixedly connected to the brush drive shaft through a coupling.

[0014] Furthermore, the head and tail removal device 32 is located above the conveying area formed between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21. The head and tail removal device 32 includes a guillotine cutting mechanism 321 and a fish head and tail collection assembly 322.

[0015] The guillotine cutting mechanism 321 includes a guillotine 3211, a pneumatic push rod 3212, a guillotine mounting plate 3213, and a guide rail slider assembly. The guillotine 3211 is arranged vertically perpendicular to the conveying direction. The guillotine mounting plate 3213 is arranged in parallel on the side of the guillotine 3211. The guillotine mounting plate 3213 and the guillotine 3211 are slidably connected to each other through the guide rail slider assembly. The pneumatic push rod 3212 is arranged vertically between the guillotine 3211 and the guillotine mounting plate 3213. The extended end of the pneumatic push rod 3212 is fixedly connected to the guillotine 3211. The cylinder of the pneumatic push rod 3212 is fixedly connected to the guillotine mounting plate 3213.

[0016] Below the guillotine cutting mechanism 321 is a fish head and tail collection assembly 322. The fish head and tail collection assembly 322 is located below the conveying area formed between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21. The fish head and tail collection assembly 322 is a rectangular box with an open top and is mounted on the frame 1.

[0017] Furthermore, the back opening device 33 includes a guide positioning mechanism 331 and a back opening cutting mechanism 332;

[0018] The guide positioning mechanism 331 is an integral structure. The guide positioning mechanism 331 is horizontally arranged below the conveying area between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21 along the conveying direction. The guide positioning mechanism 331 adopts a Y-shaped or V-shaped structure that conforms to the body shape characteristics of the basa fish. The bottom of the guide positioning mechanism 331 is mounted on the frame 1.

[0019] A back-opening cutting mechanism 332 is provided above the guide positioning mechanism 331. The back-opening cutting mechanism 332 includes a circular back-opening blade 3321, a back-opening blade rotating shaft 3322, a back-opening blade mounting plate 3323, a back-opening blade drive motor 3324, and a chain drive mechanism 3325. The circular back-opening blade 3321 is arranged vertically along the conveying direction. The back-opening blade rotating shaft 3322 is coaxially embedded in the center of the circular back-opening blade 3321. One end of the back-opening blade rotating shaft 3322 is rotatably mounted on the back-opening blade mounting plate 3323 through a bearing. The back knife mounting plate 3323 is mounted on the frame 1. The other end of the back knife rotating shaft 3322 is connected to the output shaft of the back knife drive motor 3324 through a chain drive mechanism. The back knife drive motor 3324 is mounted on the upper end plate of the frame 1. The chain drive mechanism includes a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket, and a transmission chain. The driven sprocket is connected to the back knife rotating shaft 3322 through a flat key. The driving sprocket is mounted on the output shaft of the back knife drive motor 3324 through a flat key. The driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected through a transmission chain to transmit power.

[0020] Furthermore, the peeling device 34 includes a feeding mechanism 341, a cutting and peeling mechanism 342, and a separating and discharging mechanism 343;

[0021] The feeding mechanism 341 is located on the rear side of the conveying area formed between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21. The feeding mechanism 341 includes a docking plate 3411, a baffle 3412, an upper conveying roller mechanism, and a lower conveying roller mechanism.

[0022] The upper conveyor roller mechanism and the lower conveyor roller mechanism are arranged horizontally opposite each other in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction behind the conveying area formed between the two synchronous belt conveyor mechanisms 21. A docking plate 3411 is provided between the lower conveyor roller mechanism and the guide positioning mechanism 331. The front end of the docking plate 3411 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. The lower surface of the rear end of the docking plate 3411 is processed into an inclined surface. The inclined surface is used to avoid interference with the conveyor roller in the lower conveyor roller mechanism.

[0023] A vertically arranged baffle 3412 is provided above the docking plate 3411. The baffle 3412 is located in the center of the conveying area formed by the synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21. The upper end of the baffle 3412 is fixed on the frame 1. The two sides of the lower end of the baffle 3412 are processed into bevels. The fish body is completely separated into two pieces in the back-opening process. Under the action of the baffle 3412 and gravity, the fish skin is placed on the docking plate 3411 with the fish skin facing down. Under the action of the two side transmission belts, the fish is conveyed to the rear upper conveying roller mechanism and the lower conveying roller mechanism.

[0024] The upper conveyor roller mechanism includes an upper conveyor roller 3413, an upper conveyor roller mounting frame 3414, and an upper conveyor roller drive motor 3415. The upper conveyor roller 3413 is arranged horizontally perpendicular to the conveying direction. The two ends of the roller shaft of the upper conveyor roller 3413 are rotatably mounted on the rear end of the upper conveyor roller mounting frame 3414 through bearings. The front end of the upper conveyor roller mounting frame 3414 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 through bolts and locked and fixed with nuts. An upper conveyor roller drive motor 3415 is coaxially arranged on one side of the upper conveyor roller 3413. The output shaft of the upper conveyor roller drive motor 3415 is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the upper conveyor roller 3413 through a coupling. The upper conveyor roller drive motor 3415 is mounted on the upper conveyor roller mounting frame 3414.

[0025] The lower conveyor roller mechanism includes a lower conveyor roller 3416, a lower conveyor roller mounting frame 3417, and a lower conveyor roller drive motor 3418. The surface of the lower conveyor roller 3416 is covered with a highly wear-resistant and anti-slip coating material. The lower conveyor roller 3416 is arranged horizontally below the upper conveyor roller 3413 along a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction. The two ends of the roller shaft of the lower conveyor roller 3416 are rotatably mounted on the lower conveyor roller mounting frame 3417 through bearings. The lower conveyor roller mounting frame 3417 is mounted on the frame. The lower conveyor roller drive motor 3418 is coaxially arranged on the side of the lower conveyor roller mounting frame 3417. The output shaft of the lower conveyor roller drive motor 3418 is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the lower conveyor roller 3416 through a coupling. The lower conveyor roller drive motor 3418 is mounted on the lower conveyor roller mounting frame 3417.

[0026] The peeling mechanism 342 includes a rectangular peeling blade 3421 and an angle fine-tuning component 3422. The rectangular peeling blade 3421 is located above the rear side of the lower conveying roller mechanism, and the cutting edge of the rectangular peeling blade 3421 faces the lower conveying roller 3416.

[0027] The angle fine-tuning component 3422 includes a rubber rod 3423 and two peeling blade adjusting bolts 3424. The rubber rod 3423 is horizontally arranged along the conveying direction on the side below the rectangular peeling blade 3421 near the back of the blade. The rubber rod 3423 is placed on the lower end plate of the frame 1. Two peeling blade adjusting bolts 3424 are threaded to the left and right ends of the middle of the rectangular peeling blade 3421, respectively. The lower end of the peeling blade adjusting bolt 3424 is screwed into the threaded hole opened on the lower end plate of the frame 1. By adjusting the screwing depth of the peeling blade adjusting bolt 3424, the clamping force of the blade back on the rubber rod 3423 is adjusted, thereby realizing the fine adjustment of the blade tilt angle.

[0028] The separation and discharge mechanism 343 includes a guide plate 3431 and a cleaning roller mechanism. The guide plate 3431 is located behind the lower conveying roller mechanism. The front end of the guide plate 3431 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the rear end of the guide plate 3431 is bent downward. A cleaning roller mechanism arranged horizontally along the conveying direction is provided below the guide plate 3431. The cleaning roller mechanism includes a cleaning roller 3432, a cleaning roller mounting frame 3433, and a cleaning roller drive motor 3434. The gap between the cleaning roller 3432 and the lower conveying roller 3416 is less than the thickness of the fish skin. The two ends of the roller shaft of the cleaning roller 3432 are rotatably mounted on the cleaning roller mounting frame 3433 through bearings. The cleaning roller mounting frame 3433 is mounted on the frame 1. A cleaning roller drive motor 3434 is coaxially arranged on the side of the cleaning roller 3432. The output shaft of the cleaning roller drive motor 3434 is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the cleaning roller 3432 through a coupling. The cleaning roller drive motor 3434 is mounted on the cleaning roller mounting frame 3433.

[0029] Furthermore, the collection device 35 includes a fish fillet collection box 351, a base 352, and a collection box moving mechanism 353. The fish fillet collection box 351 is a cuboid box with an open top. The fish fillet collection box 351 is located below the rear side of the frame 1. The base 352 is provided below the fish fillet collection box 351. The fish fillet collection box 351 is slidably connected to the collection box moving mechanism 353 through the guide rail slider assembly base 352. The fixed end of the collection box moving mechanism 353 is installed on the base 352, and the movable end of the collection box moving mechanism 353 is connected to the bottom of the fish fillet collection box 351.

[0030] Furthermore, the integrated machine also includes two sets of infrared beam sensors 4. Two infrared beam sensors in one set of infrared beam sensors 4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the belly-opening round knife 3121 of the belly-opening cutting mechanism 312, and two infrared beam sensors in the other set of infrared beam sensors 4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the round back-opening knife 3321 of the back-opening cutting mechanism 332, for detecting the lateral displacement of the fish body.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] 1. In response to the problems of low mechanization level in domestic fish processing, single function and poor specialization of existing equipment, and high degree of damage to fish meat, this paper proposes an integrated primary processing machine for basa fish, which can automatically complete the entire process of removing internal organs, head, tail, back, skin and collection, significantly improving the processing efficiency, processing safety and operational reliability of basa fish.

[0033] 2. In the fish conveying process, the synchronous belt conveyor clamping device adopts an adaptive centering anti-slip structure, which effectively improves the friction coefficient between the conveyor belt and the fish, ensuring smooth conveying and accurate positioning during processing, resulting in higher overall operating efficiency.

[0034] 3. The circular blade holder adopts an integrated follow-up limiting roller. The height difference between the roller and the blade is adapted to the safe cutting thickness of basa fish and can be finely adjusted, so that the blade floats with the rise and fall of the fish body, maintaining a constant cutting depth. This solves the problem of traditional equipment having a fixed blade depth that easily cuts through the fish gallbladder and contaminates the fish meat.

[0035] 4. The peeling knife with micro-stroke elastic pre-tightening mechanism is adopted. The gap between the blade and the feed roller can be automatically adapted to the thickness of the fish. The blade angle is optimized in combination with the skin and flesh bonding characteristics of basa fish. The guide structure realizes automatic separation of fish skin and fish flesh, avoiding incomplete peeling or over-cutting of fish flesh.

[0036] 5. Three independent collection channels are set up for fish head by-products, internal organs waste, and finished fish fillets. The finished product collection box is equipped with a linear sliding rail for retractable storage, which effectively avoids cross-contamination of finished products and by-products by internal organs and blood during processing. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the fully automatic basa fish primary processing integrated machine of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is another isometric view of the fully automatic basa fish primary processing integrated machine of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the integrated machine of the present invention with the synchronous belt conveyor mechanism on one side removed;

[0040] Figure 4 This is an isometric view of the integrated machine of the present invention with the synchronous belt conveyor mechanism removed on one side from another angle;

[0041] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the synchronous belt conveyor clamping device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is an isometric view of the synchronous belt conveyor clamping device of the present invention from another angle;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a top view of the synchronous belt conveyor mechanism of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 This is an isometric view of the synchronous belt conveyor mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a front view of the peeling device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 This is an isometric view of the peeling device of the present invention.

[0047] In the picture:

[0048] 1-Frame; 2-Synchronous belt conveyor clamping device; 3-Processing device; 4-Infrared beam sensor;

[0049] 21-Synchronous belt conveyor mechanism; 22-Elastic support assembly; 23-Synchronous belt pitch adjustment assembly; 24-Synchronous belt fixing frame;

[0050] 211-Driving pulley; 212-Driven pulley; 213-Transmission belt; 214-Pulley drive motor;

[0051] 221 - Separator fixing plate; 222 - S-type elastic separator;

[0052] 31-Evisceration device; 32-Head and tail removal device; 33-Back opening device; 34-Skinning device; 35-Collection device;

[0053] 311-Contouring centering support mechanism; 312-Opening and cutting mechanism; 313-Flexible brush cleaning mechanism;

[0054] 3121 - Round blade for flaking; 3122 - Bladder holder for flaking; 3123 - Drive motor;

[0055] 3131 - Circular nylon brush; 3132 - Brush drive motor;

[0056] 321-Guillotine cutting mechanism; 322-Fish head and tail collection assembly;

[0057] 3211-Knife switch; 3212-Pneumatic actuator; 3213-Knife switch mounting plate;

[0058] 331 - Guiding and positioning mechanism; 332 - Back-opening cutting mechanism;

[0059] 3321 - Circular back-opening knife; 3322 - Back-opening knife rotating shaft; 3323 - Back-opening knife mounting plate; 3324 - Back-opening knife drive motor; 3325 - Chain drive mechanism;

[0060] 341-Feeding mechanism; 342-Cutting and peeling mechanism; 343-Separation and discharge mechanism;

[0061] 3411-Dating plate; 3412-Baffle; 3413-Upper conveyor roller; 3414-Upper conveyor roller mounting bracket; 3415-Upper conveyor roller drive motor;

[0062] 3416 - Lower conveyor roller; 3417 - Lower conveyor roller mounting frame; 3418 - Lower conveyor roller drive motor;

[0063] 3421 - Rectangular peeling blade; 3422 - Angle fine-tuning assembly; 3423 - Rubber rod; 3424 - Peeling blade adjusting bolt;

[0064] 3432 - Cleaning roller; 3433 - Cleaning roller mounting bracket; 3434 - Cleaning roller drive motor;

[0065] 351 - Fish fillet collection box; 352 - Base; 353 - Collection box moving mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0066] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 10 This embodiment describes a fully automatic basa fish primary processing machine, comprising a frame 1, a synchronous belt conveyor clamping device 2, and a processing device 3. The synchronous belt conveyor clamping device 2 is horizontally mounted on the frame 1 along the fish processing sequence. The synchronous belt conveyor clamping device 2 includes two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21, which are arranged side by side to form a conveying area. During the fish conveying process, the fish is clamped by the transmission belts in the synchronous belt conveyor mechanisms 21 on both sides. The processing device 3 includes a visceration device 31, a head and tail removal device 32, a back opening device 33, a skinning device 34, and a collection device 35 arranged sequentially from front to back along the conveying direction of the synchronous belt conveyor clamping device 2, thereby realizing the automated visceration, head removal, tail removal, back opening, skinning, and collection of the basa fish.

[0067] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 10In this embodiment, each synchronous belt conveyor 21 includes a driving pulley 211, a driven pulley 212, a transmission belt 213, and a pulley drive motor 214. The driving pulley 211 and the driven pulley 212 are vertically arranged opposite each other at the front and rear ends of the frame 1. The upper and lower ends of the axles of the driving pulley 211 and the driven pulley 212 are rotatably mounted on bearing seats via bearings. The driving pulley 211 and the driven pulley 212 are connected by the transmission belt 213. The pulley drive motor 214 is coaxially arranged below the driving pulley 211, and the output shaft of the pulley drive motor 214 is fixedly connected to the axle of the driving pulley 211. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiment one.

[0068] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1 to 10 In this embodiment, the synchronous belt conveyor clamping device 2 further includes two elastic support components 22. The two elastic support components 22 are horizontally arranged along the conveying direction inside the surrounding area of ​​the transmission belt 213 in the two synchronous belt conveyor mechanisms 21. Each elastic support component 22 includes a separator fixing plate 221 and a plurality of S-shaped elastic separators 222. The separator fixing plate 221 is horizontally arranged along the conveying direction between the driving pulley 211 and the driven pulley 212 of the synchronous belt conveyor mechanism 21. Both ends of the separator fixing plate 221 are fixedly connected to the bearing seats at the lower ends of the axles of the driving pulley 211 and the driven pulley 212, respectively. A plurality of S-shaped elastic separators 222 are arranged in a uniformly inclined manner from front to back on the side of the separator fixing plate 221 near the conveying area. The inclination direction of the S-shaped elastic separators 222 is consistent with the conveying direction. With this configuration, the synchronous belt conveyor mechanism 21 integrates a one-piece S-shaped elastic separator, whose structure conforms to the conveying conditions and is resistant to fatigue deformation. During operation, it can autonomously output adaptive elastic clamping force. For basa fish raw materials of varying thicknesses and slight differences in shape, it can achieve flexible fit, stable clamping, and smooth conveying. It provides full-process buffering and shock absorption, and uniform force distribution, fundamentally preventing common faults such as material slippage, deviation, slippage, equipment jamming, and material blockage, ensuring continuous conveying and operational stability. Other components and connections are the same as in specific implementation methods one or two.

[0069] In this embodiment, the surface of the synchronous belt is typically designed with anti-slip textures to enhance friction with the fish and prevent slippage. Simultaneously, an elastic support assembly 22 is provided to ensure stable tension in the synchronous belt, making the conveying process smooth and reliable.

[0070] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 10In this embodiment, the synchronous belt conveyor clamping device 2 further includes a synchronous belt spacing adjustment component 23. The synchronous belt spacing adjustment component 23 is disposed at the bottom of one of the synchronous belt conveyor mechanisms 21. The fixed end of the synchronous belt spacing adjustment component 23 is mounted on the frame 1, and the movable end of the synchronous belt spacing adjustment component 23 is connected to the corresponding synchronous belt conveyor mechanism 21 above it. The synchronous belt spacing adjustment component 23 is used to move the upper synchronous belt conveyor mechanism 21 closer to or further away from the other synchronous belt conveyor mechanism 21 mounted on the frame 1, thereby adjusting the spacing between the two transmission belts 213 in the two synchronous belt conveyor mechanisms 21. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, or three.

[0071] In this embodiment, the two synchronous belt conveyor mechanisms 21 include a fixed synchronous belt conveyor mechanism and a movable synchronous belt conveyor mechanism; in the fixed synchronous belt conveyor mechanism, the bearing seats at the ends of the two pulley axles are fixedly connected to the upper and lower end plates of the frame 1. In the movable synchronous belt conveyor mechanism, the bearing seats at the ends of the two pulley axles are fixedly connected to an independent synchronous belt fixing frame 24, and the synchronous belt fixing frame 24 and the frame 1 are relatively slidably connected along the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction through a guide rail slider assembly.

[0072] The synchronous belt spacing adjustment component 23 adopts a high-precision screw adjustment module. This module drives the synchronous belt fixing frame 24 to move relative to the machine frame, thereby causing the movable synchronous belt conveyor mechanism mounted on the fixing frame 24 to move closer to or further away from the fixed synchronous belt conveyor mechanism. This achieves precise and controllable, stepless fine-tuning of the synchronous belt spacing on both sides. It can adapt to the clamping and conveying needs of commercial basa fish of standard sizes (40-70cm) and is also compatible with processing large-sized whole raw materials (70-90cm), allowing for quick switching and convenient adaptation. This design significantly broadens the applicable product categories and size range of the equipment, effectively improving the overall machine's versatility and flexible production capabilities, reducing the cost of changing models and debugging time for multi-specification processing, and adapting to large-scale, multi-batch industrial processing scenarios.

[0073] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figures 1 to 10 This embodiment describes the viscera removal device 31 located at the front end of the conveying area formed by the synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21 on both sides. The viscera removal device 31 includes a contour-following centering support mechanism 311, a blotting and cutting mechanism 312, and a flexible brush cleaning mechanism 313.

[0074] The contour-following centering support mechanism 311 is a split structure, including two contour-following centering support units, one in front and one in back. The two contour-following centering support units are arranged sequentially from front to back under the conveying area between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21. The contour-following centering support unit adopts a Y-shaped or V-shaped structure that conforms to the body shape characteristics of the basa fish. The bottom of the contour-following centering support unit is mounted on the frame 1.

[0075] A flaring and cutting mechanism 312 is provided between two contour-following centering support units. The flaring and cutting mechanism 312 includes a flaring round blade 3121, a flaring blade holder 3122, a drive motor 3123, and a depth adjustment mechanism. The two ends of the central shaft of the flaring round blade 3121 are rotatably mounted on the flaring blade holder 3122 through bearings. The drive motor 3123 is coaxially arranged on the side of the central shaft of the flaring round blade 3121. The output shaft of the drive motor 3123 is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the flaring round blade 3121 through a coupling. The housing of the drive motor 3123 is mounted on the flaring blade holder 3122. A depth adjustment mechanism is provided between the flaring blade holder 3122 and the frame 1. The fixed end of the depth adjustment mechanism is mounted on the frame 1, and the movable end of the depth adjustment mechanism is connected to the flaring blade holder 3122. The depth adjustment mechanism is used to drive the flaring blade holder 3122 and the flaring round blade 3121 to rise or fall, thereby adjusting the flaring and cutting depth.

[0076] A flexible brush cleaning mechanism 313 is provided between the contour-following centering support mechanism 311 and the head and tail removal device 32. The flexible brush cleaning mechanism 313 includes a circular nylon brush 3131, a brush drive shaft, and a brush drive motor 3132. The circular nylon brush 3131 is arranged vertically along the conveying direction, and the circular nylon brush 3131 and the slit-belly round cutter 3121 are located on the same straight line. The brush drive shaft is coaxially embedded in the center of the circular nylon brush 3131, and the brush drive motor 3132 is coaxially arranged on the side of the circular nylon brush 3131. The output shaft of the brush drive motor 3132 is fixedly connected to the brush drive shaft through a coupling. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, three, or four.

[0077] In this embodiment, the flaking knife holder 3122 and the frame 1 are connected by a guide rail slider assembly to achieve a relative sliding connection in the vertical direction. The depth adjustment mechanism adopts a linear module, hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic push rod, as long as it can realize the lifting function, the specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0078] The process of gutting basa fish is a crucial step in the initial processing, and its quality directly affects the color and quality of the subsequent fish fillets. Traditional manual gutting methods suffer from low efficiency and easy damage to the gallbladder, leading to contamination of the fish meat. Therefore, the design requirements of this device are as follows: (1) Precise back / belly opening: It is necessary to ensure that the knife can accurately cut along the midline of the basa fish's abdomen to a moderate depth to avoid cutting the internal organs. (2) Gentle intestinal cleaning: While thoroughly removing the internal organs (intestines, stomach, etc.), it is necessary to ensure the integrity of the fish's abdominal muscles and reduce meat loss. (3) Continuous and efficient: The device needs to be perfectly coordinated with the preceding transport device (synchronous belt) to achieve uninterrupted assembly line operation.

[0079] The contour-following centering support mechanism, located below the transport timing belt, employs a Y-shaped / V-shaped structure conforming to the body shape of the basa fish, used to limit and support the fish body during processing. The flexible brush cleaning mechanism is located behind the gutting knife, and the circular nylon brush 3131 is a cylindrical / disc-shaped nylon brush.

[0080] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figures 1 to 10 This embodiment describes the head and tail removal device 32, which is located above the conveying area formed between two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21. The head and tail removal device 32 includes a guillotine cutting mechanism 321 and a fish head and tail collection assembly 322.

[0081] The guillotine cutting mechanism 321 includes a guillotine 3211, a pneumatic push rod 3212, a guillotine mounting plate 3213, and a guide rail slider assembly. The guillotine 3211 is arranged vertically perpendicular to the conveying direction. The guillotine mounting plate 3213 is arranged in parallel on the side of the guillotine 3211. The guillotine mounting plate 3213 and the guillotine 3211 are slidably connected to each other through the guide rail slider assembly. The pneumatic push rod 3212 is arranged vertically between the guillotine 3211 and the guillotine mounting plate 3213. The extended end of the pneumatic push rod 3212 is fixedly connected to the guillotine 3211. The cylinder of the pneumatic push rod 3212 is fixedly connected to the guillotine mounting plate 3213.

[0082] Below the guillotine cutting mechanism 321 is a fish head and tail collection assembly 322. The fish head and tail collection assembly 322 is located below the conveying area formed between the two synchronous belt conveyor mechanisms 21. The fish head and tail collection assembly 322 is a rectangular box with an open top and is mounted on the frame 1. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, three, four, or five.

[0083] In this embodiment, the head and tail removal device uses a pneumatic push rod to drive the guillotine blade, enabling rapid cutting of the fish head and tail, ensuring a clean cut and low meat loss rate. At the head removal structure, after the head removal guillotine blade falls, the cut-off fish head falls into the fish head collection box, forming a by-product.

[0084] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figures 1 to 10 This embodiment describes the back opening device 33, which includes a guide positioning mechanism 331 and a back opening cutting mechanism 332.

[0085] The guide positioning mechanism 331 is an integral structure. The guide positioning mechanism 331 is horizontally arranged below the conveying area between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21 along the conveying direction. The guide positioning mechanism 331 adopts a Y-shaped or V-shaped structure that conforms to the body shape characteristics of the basa fish. The bottom of the guide positioning mechanism 331 is mounted on the frame 1.

[0086] A back-opening cutting mechanism 332 is provided above the guide positioning mechanism 331. The back-opening cutting mechanism 332 includes a circular back-opening blade 3321, a back-opening blade rotating shaft 3322, a back-opening blade mounting plate 3323, a back-opening blade drive motor 3324, and a chain drive mechanism 3325. The circular back-opening blade 3321 is arranged vertically along the conveying direction. The back-opening blade rotating shaft 3322 is coaxially embedded in the center of the circular back-opening blade 3321. One end of the back-opening blade rotating shaft 3322 is rotatably mounted on the back-opening blade mounting plate 3323 through a bearing. The back knife mounting plate 3323 is mounted on the frame 1. The other end of the back knife rotating shaft 3322 is connected to the output shaft of the back knife drive motor 3324 via a chain drive mechanism. The back knife drive motor 3324 is mounted on the upper end plate of the frame 1. The chain drive mechanism includes a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket, and a drive chain. The driven sprocket is connected to the back knife rotating shaft 3322 via a flat key, and the driving sprocket is mounted on the output shaft of the back knife drive motor 3324 via a flat key. The driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected by a drive chain to transmit power. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, three, four, five, or six.

[0087] In this embodiment, the automatic fish back-opening mechanism operates based on the collaborative working principle of "synchronous conveying - stable clamping - precise cutting". When the equipment is working, the fish first enters the conveying area composed of synchronous belts, which clamp the fish during the conveying process. Since the synchronous belts are driven by the same power system, their running speed remains consistent, thus maintaining a stable posture and orientation of the fish during conveying, keeping its back facing upwards, providing accurate positioning for subsequent back-opening.

[0088] The guiding and positioning mechanism is located in the conveying area to guide the fish into the correct position and further stabilize its posture. This part typically consists of V-shaped baffles, ensuring the fish reaches the ideal processing posture before entering the cutting area.

[0089] The back-opening cutting mechanism 332 is the key component for realizing the back-opening function. The cutter is mounted on a motor-driven rotating shaft, and cuts the fish's back through high-speed rotation. The cutter position is adjustable to control the back-opening depth.

[0090] The main function of the automatic fish back-cutting mechanism is to automatically cut the back of the fish, while simultaneously completing the conveying and positioning process. Through a synchronous belt clamping conveyor structure, the equipment can stably convey the fish and maintain its consistent posture, thus providing a reliable foundation for cutting.

[0091] During processing, the equipment can operate continuously, significantly improving production efficiency. Due to mechanized control, the opening position and depth are more uniform, effectively improving product quality and reducing errors caused by manual operation. Simultaneously, the synchronous belt clamping method is flexible, ensuring stable transport while reducing pressure damage to the fish, thereby improving the integrity of the finished product.

[0092] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1 to 10 This embodiment describes a peeling device 34 that includes a feeding mechanism 341, a cutting and peeling mechanism 342, and a separating and discharging mechanism 343.

[0093] The feeding mechanism 341 is located on the rear side of the conveying area formed between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21. The feeding mechanism 341 includes a docking plate 3411, a baffle 3412, an upper conveying roller mechanism, and a lower conveying roller mechanism.

[0094] The upper conveyor roller mechanism and the lower conveyor roller mechanism are arranged horizontally opposite each other in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction behind the conveying area formed between the two synchronous belt conveyor mechanisms 21. A docking plate 3411 is provided between the lower conveyor roller mechanism and the guide positioning mechanism 331. The front end of the docking plate 3411 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. The lower surface of the rear end of the docking plate 3411 is processed into an inclined surface. The inclined surface is used to avoid interference with the conveyor roller in the lower conveyor roller mechanism.

[0095] A vertically arranged baffle 3412 is provided above the docking plate 3411. The baffle 3412 is located in the center of the conveying area formed by the synchronous belt conveying mechanisms 21. The upper end of the baffle 3412 is fixed on the frame 1. The two sides of the lower end of the baffle 3412 are processed into bevels. The fish body is completely separated into two pieces in the back-opening process. Under the action of the baffle 3412 and gravity, the fish skin is placed on the docking plate 3411 with the fish skin facing down. Under the action of the two side transmission belts, the fish is conveyed to the rear upper conveying roller mechanism and the lower conveying roller mechanism.

[0096] The upper conveyor roller mechanism includes an upper conveyor roller 3413, an upper conveyor roller mounting frame 3414, and an upper conveyor roller drive motor 3415. The upper conveyor roller 3413 is arranged horizontally perpendicular to the conveying direction. The two ends of the roller shaft of the upper conveyor roller 3413 are rotatably mounted on the rear end of the upper conveyor roller mounting frame 3414 through bearings. The front end of the upper conveyor roller mounting frame 3414 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 through bolts and locked and fixed with nuts. An upper conveyor roller drive motor 3415 is coaxially arranged on one side of the upper conveyor roller 3413. The output shaft of the upper conveyor roller drive motor 3415 is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the upper conveyor roller 3413 through a coupling. The upper conveyor roller drive motor 3415 is mounted on the upper conveyor roller mounting frame 3414.

[0097] The lower conveyor roller mechanism includes a lower conveyor roller 3416, a lower conveyor roller mounting frame 3417, and a lower conveyor roller drive motor 3418. The surface of the lower conveyor roller 3416 is covered with a highly wear-resistant and anti-slip coating material. The lower conveyor roller 3416 is arranged horizontally below the upper conveyor roller 3413 along a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction. The two ends of the roller shaft of the lower conveyor roller 3416 are rotatably mounted on the lower conveyor roller mounting frame 3417 through bearings. The lower conveyor roller mounting frame 3417 is mounted on the frame. The lower conveyor roller drive motor 3418 is coaxially arranged on the side of the lower conveyor roller mounting frame 3417. The output shaft of the lower conveyor roller drive motor 3418 is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the lower conveyor roller 3416 through a coupling. The lower conveyor roller drive motor 3418 is mounted on the lower conveyor roller mounting frame 3417.

[0098] The peeling mechanism 342 includes a rectangular peeling blade 3421 and an angle fine-tuning component 3422. The rectangular peeling blade 3421 is located above the rear side of the lower conveying roller mechanism, and the cutting edge of the rectangular peeling blade 3421 faces the lower conveying roller 3416.

[0099] The angle fine-tuning component 3422 includes a rubber rod 3423 and two peeling blade adjusting bolts 3424. The rubber rod 3423 is horizontally arranged along the conveying direction on the side below the rectangular peeling blade 3421 near the back of the blade. The rubber rod 3423 is placed on the lower end plate of the frame 1. Two peeling blade adjusting bolts 3424 are threaded to the left and right ends of the middle of the rectangular peeling blade 3421, respectively. The lower end of the peeling blade adjusting bolt 3424 is screwed into the threaded hole opened on the lower end plate of the frame 1. By adjusting the screwing depth of the peeling blade adjusting bolt 3424, the clamping force of the blade back on the rubber rod 3423 is adjusted, thereby realizing the fine adjustment of the blade tilt angle.

[0100] The separation and discharge mechanism 343 includes a guide plate 3431 and a cleaning roller mechanism. The guide plate 3431 is located behind the lower conveying roller mechanism. The front end of the guide plate 3431 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the rear end of the guide plate 3431 is bent downward. A cleaning roller mechanism arranged horizontally along the conveying direction is provided below the guide plate 3431. The cleaning roller mechanism includes a cleaning roller 3432, a cleaning roller mounting frame 3433, and a cleaning roller drive motor 3434. The gap between the cleaning roller 3432 and the lower conveying roller 3416 is less than the thickness of the fish skin. The two ends of the roller shaft of the cleaning roller 3432 are rotatably mounted on the cleaning roller mounting frame 3433 through bearings. The cleaning roller mounting frame 3433 is mounted on the frame 1. A cleaning roller drive motor 3434 is coaxially arranged on the side of the cleaning roller 3432. The output shaft of the cleaning roller drive motor 3434 is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the cleaning roller 3432 through a coupling. The cleaning roller drive motor 3434 is mounted on the cleaning roller mounting frame 3433. The other components and connections are the same as those in specific implementation methods one, two, three, four, five, six, or seven.

[0101] In modern aquatic product processing, fish skinning is a crucial pre-processing step, and its quality directly affects the product's appearance and subsequent processing results. Traditional manual skinning methods rely on skilled workers, which are not only labor-intensive but also inefficient and inconsistent, making them unsuitable for large-scale production. Given the rising labor costs and the food processing industry's trend towards automation, designing a structurally sound, stable, and high-quality automated fish skinning mechanism is of great significance.

[0102] During the design process, a key consideration is the balance between processing efficiency and peeling quality, ensuring effective skin removal while minimizing damage to the fish meat. In a real-world production environment, the facility must be able to operate continuously and stably, exhibiting high reliability and durability. Furthermore, considering the hygiene requirements of the food processing industry, the facility should be easy to clean and maintain, and the materials used must meet food safety standards, thus ensuring that hygiene and safety requirements are met even during long-term operation.

[0103] The automatic fish skin removal mechanism operates primarily based on the principle of combining friction transmission and mechanical cutting. By controlling the interface between the fish skin and the fish meat, effective separation is achieved. During operation, the fish feed first enters the feeding area via the feeding mechanism 341, where it is stably clamped and conveyed forward. A certain frictional force is generated between the fish meat and the conveying rollers, allowing it to move smoothly in a predetermined direction, while the fish skin side remains in close contact with the cutting tool.

[0104] When the fish enters the cutting area, under the appropriate pressure provided by the upper conveying roller mechanism, the fish skin comes into contact with the cutting edge and undergoes relative movement. Due to the differences in structural strength and bonding between the fish skin and the fish meat, under reasonable cutter angle and cutting depth conditions, the cutter can cut along the interface between the fish skin and the fish meat, gradually peeling the fish skin off the fish meat. During this process, the fish meat continues to be conveyed forward under the continuous action of the feeding mechanism, while the peeled fish skin is discharged in the other direction under the action of the guide structure, thus achieving effective separation of the fish skin and the fish meat. The entire process is continuous, thereby realizing automated skinning.

[0105] The overall structural design of the automatic fish skin removal mechanism revolves around three core objectives: "stable conveying, precise cutting, and effective separation." The various parts cooperate with each other in terms of spatial layout and functional allocation to ensure the continuity and stability of equipment operation.

[0106] The feeding mechanism 341 is mainly responsible for the core functions of continuous conveying, posture correction and precise positioning of raw fish. The whole machine adopts a symmetrical upper and lower clamping conveying structure design. After the raw basa fish enters the feeding area, it is flexibly clamped and limited by two sets of upper and lower conveying rollers. It relies on the friction between the roller body and the surface of the fish to complete the stable feeding and conveying, which can effectively avoid problems such as conveying deviation and posture distortion.

[0107] To further enhance the anti-slip and limiting effect, a highly wear-resistant and anti-slip coating material is added to the surface of the conveyor rollers, significantly increasing the coefficient of friction of the contact surface and enhancing the clamping adhesion. This ensures that the fish feed does not slip, deviate, or overturn under high-speed continuous conveying conditions, guaranteeing that the feeding posture remains consistently regular. Simultaneously, an adjustable elastic clamping mechanism is provided, which can finely adjust the clamping pressure in real time according to the different thicknesses and fat / lean sizes of the raw fish. This not only meets the process requirements of continuous and stable conveying but also avoids rigid compression that could damage the fish meat texture and compromise product integrity, thus balancing conveying reliability and raw material protection.

[0108] The peeling and cutting mechanism 342 is the core functional unit of the entire machine. Its structural precision and operational stability directly determine the fish skin peeling effect and the appearance quality of the finished product. The blades are installed at a specific angle to match the material conveying direction, so that the fish feed can continuously adhere to the blade edge during uniform feeding, creating a stable and effective peeling and cutting environment.

[0109] During the structural design phase, the installation position, cutting angle, and cutting gap of the cutting tools are precisely calibrated to strictly control the blade edge to fit the natural separation interface between the fish skin and the fish meat, thereby achieving precise cutting and peeling along the muscle layer. This ensures that the fish skin is completely removed without any residual fascia, while minimizing fish meat loss and avoiding excessive cutting that would lead to material waste, thus meeting the needs of large-scale, standardized, and automated processing production.

[0110] The separation and discharge mechanism 343 is mainly used to separate the fish skin from the fish meat and to output the processed product. After the fish skin is peeled off by the cutting mechanism, it is guided to the waste discharge outlet by the guide plate and auxiliary cleaning device, while the fish meat continues to enter the discharge area along the original conveying path. To prevent fish skin residue from affecting subsequent processing, a cleaning roller is installed in this area to further improve the separation effect.

[0111] In terms of functionality, the automatic fish skinning mechanism boasts excellent adjustability. Operators can adjust the feeding speed, clamping force, and cutting depth according to the processing requirements of basa fish, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of basa fish processing. Furthermore, the equipment exhibits good stability during operation, with coordinated mechanisms effectively preventing issues such as material jamming and accumulation. The equipment also features excellent cleaning and maintenance capabilities; key components are detachable for easy daily cleaning and maintenance, thus meeting the hygiene requirements of the food processing industry.

[0112] Specific Implementation Method Nine: Combining Figures 1 to 10 This embodiment describes a collection device 35 comprising a fish fillet collection box 351, a base 352, and a collection box moving mechanism 353. The fish fillet collection box 351 is a rectangular box with an open top, located below the rear side of the frame 1. The base 352 is positioned below the fish fillet collection box 351. The fish fillet collection box 351 is slidably connected to the collection box moving mechanism 353 via a guide rail slider assembly. The fixed end of the collection box moving mechanism 353 is mounted on the base 352, and the movable end of the collection box moving mechanism 353 is connected to the bottom of the fish fillet collection box 351. With this configuration, after the basa fish completes all processing steps, it slides down an inclined plane into the collection box. The collection box is equipped with a linear slide rail mechanism, allowing it to be stored inside the device when not in use, effectively saving space. Once the collection box is full, it can be removed for subsequent packaging and freezing operations. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, or eight.

[0113] In this embodiment, the collection box moving mechanism 353 adopts a linear module to drive the fish fillet collection box 351 to move horizontally on the base 352. The specific structure of the collection box moving mechanism 353 will not be described in detail here.

[0114] Specific Implementation Method Ten: Combining Figures 1 to 10 This embodiment further includes two sets of infrared beam sensors 4. Two infrared beam sensors from one set are symmetrically arranged on either side of the belly-cutting circular blade 3121 of the belly-cutting mechanism 312. Two infrared beam sensors from the other set are symmetrically arranged on either side of the circular back-cutting blade 3321 of the back-cutting mechanism 332, used to detect the lateral offset of the fish body. This arrangement allows for precise positioning of the boundary between the fish's head, tail, and body using the infrared beam sensors 4. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine.

[0115] Working principle

[0116] Combination Figures 1 to 10 The working principle of this fully automatic basa fish primary processing machine is as follows:

[0117] Basa fish are held and conveyed forward by a synchronous belt conveyor clamping device, and enter each processing station in sequence to complete automated initial processing according to the process.

[0118] The fish first enters the contour-following centering support mechanism, where it is forced to center and stabilized under the action of the Y-shaped / V-shaped contour structure, ensuring accurate positioning for subsequent processing. Then, it passes through the belly-opening cutting mechanism, where the belly-opening round knife cuts open the fish belly at a set depth. The flexible brush cleaning mechanism then gently cleans and removes the internal organs from the abdominal cavity, avoiding cutting the gallbladder and contaminating the fish meat.

[0119] After the fish is gutted, it is transported to the head and tail removal device, where a pneumatic push rod drives the guillotine to quickly cut off the head and tail. The cut-off head and tail fall into a special collection component, resulting in a clean cut and low meat loss rate.

[0120] Next, the fish enters the back-opening device and maintains a centered posture under the constraint of the guide positioning mechanism. The circular back-opening knife precisely cuts along the back, dividing the fish into two pieces, ensuring that the cutting depth is consistent and the knife does not deviate.

[0121] After the fish is opened, the skin of the fish is placed downwards under the action of the baffle and gravity. It is then fed into the skinning device by the feeding mechanism and stably held by the upper and lower conveying rollers. The rectangular skinning blades cut at an appropriate angle to achieve reliable separation of the fish skin and the fish meat. The separated fish skin and fish meat are then discharged separately by the separation and discharge mechanism.

[0122] Finally, the processed fish fillets fall into the collection device for automatic collection. All processes of the machine operate continuously and collaboratively, completing the fully automated initial processing of basa fish, including gutting, head and tail removal, back cutting, skinning, and collection.

[0123] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic tilapia primary processing all-in-one machine, characterized in that, The device comprises a rack (1), a synchronous belt conveying and clamping device (2) and a processing device (3); the synchronous belt conveying and clamping device (2) is horizontally arranged on the rack (1) along the fish processing sequence direction, and comprises two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms (21); the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms (21) are arranged side by side to form a conveying area, and the fish is clamped by the transmission belts in the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms (21) during the fish conveying process; the processing device (3) comprises, from front to back along the conveying direction of the synchronous belt conveying and clamping device (2), a gutting device (31), a head and tail removing device (32), a back opening device (33), a skinning device (34) and a collecting device (35), which realize automatic gutting, head removing, tail removing, back opening, skinning and collecting of the bocachita fish in sequence.

2. The full-automatic tilapia primary processing all-in-one machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each synchronous belt conveying mechanism (21) comprises a driving pulley (211), a driven pulley (212), a transmission belt (213) and a pulley driving motor (214); the driving pulley (211) and the driven pulley (212) are vertically arranged opposite to each other at the front and rear ends of the rack (1); the upper and lower ends of the driving pulley (211) and the driven pulley (212) shafts are rotatably installed on the bearing seats through bearings; the driving pulley (211) is in transmission connection with the driven pulley (212) through the transmission belt (213); the pulley driving motor (214) is coaxially arranged below the driving pulley (211); the output shaft of the pulley driving motor (214) is fixedly connected with the driving pulley (211) shaft.

3. The full-automatic tilapia primary processing all-in-one machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The synchronous belt conveying and clamping device (2) further comprises two elastic support assemblies (22); the two elastic support assemblies (22) are horizontally arranged inside the looped area of the transmission belt (213) in the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms (21) along the conveying direction; each elastic support assembly (22) comprises a partition sheet fixing plate (221) and a plurality of S-shaped elastic partition sheets (222); the partition sheet fixing plate (221) is horizontally arranged between the driving pulley (211) and the driven pulley (212) of the synchronous belt conveying mechanism (21) along the conveying direction; the two ends of the partition sheet fixing plate (221) are fixedly connected with the bearing seats at the lower ends of the driving pulley (211) and the driven pulley (212) shafts; a plurality of S-shaped elastic partition sheets (222) are uniformly and obliquely arranged on the side of the partition sheet fixing plate (221) close to the conveying area from front to back; the oblique direction of the S-shaped elastic partition sheet (222) is consistent with the conveying direction.

4. The full-automatic tilapia primary processing all-in-one machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The synchronous belt conveying clamping device (2) further comprises a synchronous belt spacing adjusting assembly (23) arranged at the bottom of one of the synchronous belt conveying mechanisms (21), a fixed end of the synchronous belt spacing adjusting assembly (23) is mounted on the rack (1), a movable end of the synchronous belt spacing adjusting assembly (23) is connected with the corresponding synchronous belt conveying mechanism (21) above, the synchronous belt spacing adjusting assembly (23) is used to drive the synchronous belt conveying mechanism (21) above to move close to or away from the other synchronous belt conveying mechanism (21) mounted on the rack (1), so as to adjust the spacing between the two transmission belts (213) in the double-sided synchronous belt conveying mechanism (21).

5. The fully automatic tilapia primary processing all-in-one machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The evisceration device (31) is located at the front end of the conveying area formed by the two-sided synchronous belt conveying mechanism (21), and comprises a profiling centering supporting mechanism (311), an open belly cutting mechanism (312) and a flexible brush cleaning mechanism (313); The profiling centering supporting mechanism (311) is of a split structure, comprising two profiling centering supporting units arranged in sequence and spaced apart from each other below the conveying area between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms (21) from front to back, the profiling centering supporting unit adopts a Y-shaped or V-shaped structure in accordance with the body shape characteristics of the bocachico, and the bottom of the profiling centering supporting unit is mounted on the rack (1); The two profiling centering supporting units are provided with the open belly cutting mechanism (312), the open belly cutting mechanism (312) comprises an open belly circular knife (3121), an open belly knife holder (3122), a driving motor (3123) and a depth adjusting mechanism, the center shaft of the open belly circular knife (3121) is rotatably mounted on the open belly knife holder (3122) through bearings at both ends, the center shaft of the open belly circular knife (3121) is provided with the driving motor (3123) arranged coaxially at the side, the output shaft of the driving motor (3123) is fixedly connected with the center shaft of the open belly circular knife (3121) through a shaft coupling, the shell of the driving motor (3123) is mounted on the open belly knife holder (3122), the depth adjusting mechanism is arranged between the open belly knife holder (3122) and the rack (1), a fixed end of the depth adjusting mechanism is mounted on the rack (1), a movable end of the depth adjusting mechanism is connected with the open belly knife holder (3122), and the depth adjusting mechanism is used to drive the open belly knife holder (3122) and the open belly circular knife (3121) to rise or fall, so as to adjust the open belly cutting depth; A flexible brush cleaning mechanism (313) is arranged between the profiling centering support mechanism (311) and the head and tail removing device (32), the flexible brush cleaning mechanism (313) comprises a circular nylon brush (3131), a brush transmission shaft and a brush driving motor (3132), the circular nylon brush (3131) is vertically arranged along the conveying direction, and the circular nylon brush (3131) is located on the same straight line as the belly cutting knife (3121), the center of the circular nylon brush (3131) is coaxially embedded with the brush transmission shaft, the side of the circular nylon brush (3131) is coaxially provided with the brush driving motor (3132), and the output shaft of the brush driving motor (3132) is fixedly connected with the brush transmission shaft through a shaft coupling.

6. The fully automatic tilapia primary processing all-in-one machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The head and tail removing device (32) is located above the conveying area formed between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms (21), and the head and tail removing device (32) comprises a gate cutter cutting mechanism (321) and a fish head and tail collecting assembly (322); The gate cutter cutting mechanism (321) comprises a gate cutter (3211), a pneumatic push rod (3212), a gate cutter mounting plate (3213) and a guide rail sliding block assembly, the gate cutter (3211) is vertically arranged perpendicular to the conveying direction, the side of the gate cutter (3211) is provided with the gate cutter mounting plate (3213) arranged in parallel, the gate cutter mounting plate (3213) and the gate cutter (3211) are relatively slidably connected through the guide rail sliding block assembly, the pneumatic push rod (3212) is vertically arranged between the gate cutter (3211) and the gate cutter mounting plate (3213), the extending end of the pneumatic push rod (3212) is fixedly connected with the gate cutter (3211), and the cylinder barrel of the pneumatic push rod (3212) is fixedly connected with the gate cutter mounting plate (3213); The fish head and tail collecting assembly (322) is arranged below the gate cutter cutting mechanism (321), the fish head and tail collecting assembly (322) is located below the conveying area formed between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms (21), the fish head and tail collecting assembly (322) is a rectangular box body with an open top end, and the fish head and tail collecting assembly (322) is mounted on the rack (1).

7. The fully automatic tilapia primary processing all-in-one machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The back opening device (33) comprises a guide positioning mechanism (331) and a back opening cutting mechanism (332); The guide positioning mechanism (331) is of an integral structure, the guide positioning mechanism (331) is horizontally arranged below the conveying area between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms (21) along the conveying direction, the guide positioning mechanism (331) adopts a Y-shaped or V-shaped structure conforming to the body shape characteristics of the barb fish, and the bottom of the guide positioning mechanism (331) is mounted on the rack (1); A back-opening cutting mechanism (332) is provided above the guiding and positioning mechanism (331). The back-opening cutting mechanism (332) includes a circular back-opening blade (3321), a back-opening blade rotating shaft (3322), a back-opening blade mounting plate (3323), a back-opening blade drive motor (3324), and a chain drive mechanism (3325). The circular back-opening blade (3321) is arranged vertically along the conveying direction. The back-opening blade rotating shaft (3322) is coaxially embedded in the center of the circular back-opening blade (3321). One end of the back-opening blade rotating shaft (3322) is rotatably mounted on the back-opening blade mounting plate (3323) through a bearing. The back-opening knife mounting plate (3323) is mounted on the frame (1). The other end of the back-opening knife rotating shaft (3322) is connected to the output shaft of the back-opening knife drive motor (3324) through a chain drive mechanism. The back-opening knife drive motor (3324) is mounted on the upper end plate of the frame (1). The chain drive mechanism includes a drive sprocket, a driven sprocket and a transmission chain. The driven sprocket is connected to the back-opening knife rotating shaft (3322) through a flat key. The drive sprocket is mounted on the output shaft of the back-opening knife drive motor (3324) through a flat key. The drive sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected through a transmission chain to transmit power.

8. The fully automatic tilapia primary processing all-in-one machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The peeling device (34) includes a feeding mechanism (341), a cutting and peeling mechanism (342), and a separation and discharge mechanism (343). The feeding mechanism (341) is located on the rear side of the conveying area formed between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms (21). The feeding mechanism (341) includes a docking plate (3411), a baffle (3412), an upper conveying roller mechanism, and a lower conveying roller mechanism. The upper conveying roller mechanism and the lower conveying roller mechanism are arranged horizontally relative to each other in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction behind the conveying area formed between the two synchronous belt conveying mechanisms (21). A docking plate (3411) is provided between the lower conveying roller mechanism and the guide positioning mechanism (331). The front end of the docking plate (3411) is fixedly connected to the frame (1). The lower surface of the rear end of the docking plate (3411) is processed into an inclined surface. The inclined surface is used to avoid interference with the conveying roller in the lower conveying roller mechanism. A vertically arranged baffle (3412) is provided above the docking plate (3411). The baffle (3412) is located in the center of the conveying area formed between the synchronous belt conveying mechanisms (21). The upper end of the baffle (3412) is fixed on the frame (1). The two sides of the lower end of the baffle (3412) are processed into inclined surfaces. The fish body is completely divided into two pieces in the back-opening process. Under the action of the baffle (3412) and gravity, the fish skin is placed on the docking plate (3411) with the fish skin facing down. Under the action of the two side transmission belts, the fish is conveyed to the rear upper conveying roller mechanism and the lower conveying roller mechanism. The upper conveying roller mechanism includes an upper conveying roller (3413), an upper conveying roller mounting frame (3414), and an upper conveying roller drive motor (3415). The upper conveying roller (3413) is arranged horizontally perpendicular to the conveying direction. The two ends of the roller shaft of the upper conveying roller (3413) are rotatably mounted on the rear end of the upper conveying roller mounting frame (3414) through bearings. The front end of the upper conveying roller mounting frame (3414) is rotatably connected to the frame (1) through bolts and locked and fixed by nuts. An upper conveying roller drive motor (3415) is arranged coaxially on one side of the upper conveying roller (3413). The output shaft of the upper conveying roller drive motor (3415) is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the upper conveying roller (3413) through a coupling. The upper conveying roller drive motor (3415) is mounted on the upper conveying roller mounting frame (3414). The lower conveyor roller mechanism includes a lower conveyor roller (3416), a lower conveyor roller mounting frame (3417), and a lower conveyor roller drive motor (3418). The surface of the lower conveyor roller (3416) is covered with a high wear-resistant and anti-slip coating material. The lower conveyor roller (3416) is arranged horizontally below the upper conveyor roller (3413) along a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction. The two ends of the roller shaft of the lower conveyor roller (3416) are rotatably mounted on the lower conveyor roller mounting frame (3417) through bearings. The lower conveyor roller mounting frame (3417) is mounted on the frame. The lower conveyor roller drive motor (3418) is coaxially arranged on the side of the lower conveyor roller mounting frame (3417). The output shaft of the lower conveyor roller drive motor (3418) is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the lower conveyor roller (3416) through a coupling. The lower conveyor roller drive motor (3418) is mounted on the lower conveyor roller mounting frame (3417). The peeling mechanism (342) includes a rectangular peeling blade (3421) and an angle fine-tuning assembly (3422). The rectangular peeling blade (3421) is located above the rear side of the lower conveyor roller mechanism, and the cutting edge of the rectangular peeling blade (3421) faces the lower conveyor roller (3416). The angle fine-tuning component (3422) includes a rubber rod (3423) and two peeling blade adjusting bolts (3424). The rubber rod (3423) is horizontally arranged along the conveying direction on the side below the rectangular peeling blade (3421) near the back of the blade. The rubber rod (3423) is placed on the lower end plate of the frame (1). The two ends of the middle of the rectangular peeling blade (3421) are respectively threaded with two peeling blade adjusting bolts (3424). The lower end of the peeling blade adjusting bolts (3424) is screwed into the threaded hole opened on the lower end plate of the frame (1). By adjusting the screwing depth of the peeling blade adjusting bolts (3424), the clamping force of the blade back on the rubber rod (3423) is adjusted, thereby realizing the fine adjustment of the blade inclination angle. The separation and discharge mechanism (343) includes a guide plate (3431) and a cleaning roller mechanism; the guide plate (3431) is located behind the lower conveying roller mechanism, the front end of the guide plate (3431) is fixedly connected to the frame (1), the rear end of the guide plate (3431) is bent downward, and a cleaning roller mechanism arranged horizontally along the conveying direction is provided below the guide plate (3431). The cleaning roller mechanism includes a cleaning roller (3432), a cleaning roller mounting frame (3433), and a cleaning roller drive motor (3434). The cleaning roller (3432) and the lower conveying roller (341) are connected. 6) The gap between them is less than the thickness of the fish skin. The two ends of the roller shaft of the cleaning roller (3432) are rotatably mounted on the cleaning roller mounting frame (3433) through bearings. The cleaning roller mounting frame (3433) is mounted on the frame (1). The cleaning roller (3432) is provided with a coaxially arranged cleaning roller drive motor (3434) on the side. The output shaft of the cleaning roller drive motor (3434) is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the cleaning roller (3432) through a coupling. The cleaning roller drive motor (3434) is mounted on the cleaning roller mounting frame (3433).

9. The fully automatic tilapia primary processing all-in-one machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The collection device (35) includes a fish fillet collection box (351), a base (352), and a collection box moving mechanism (353). The fish fillet collection box (351) is a cuboid box with an open top. The fish fillet collection box (351) is located below the rear side of the frame (1). The base (352) is provided below the fish fillet collection box (351). The fish fillet collection box (351) is slidably connected to the collection box moving mechanism (353) through the guide rail slider assembly base (352). The fixed end of the collection box moving mechanism (353) is installed on the base (352), and the movable end of the collection box moving mechanism (353) is connected to the bottom of the fish fillet collection box (351).

10. The fully automatic tilapia primary processing all-in-one machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The integrated machine also includes two sets of infrared beam sensors (4). Two infrared beam sensors in one set of infrared beam sensors (4) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the belly-opening round knife (3121) of the belly-opening cutting mechanism (312), and two infrared beam sensors in the other set of infrared beam sensors (4) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the round back-opening knife (3321) of the back-opening cutting mechanism (332) to detect the lateral displacement of the fish body.

Images