Coupling with protective sleeve structure

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of couplings, in particular to a coupling with a protective sleeve structure. The coupling sequentially comprises an input sleeve rod, an adjusting sleeve rod and an output sleeve rod, the adjusting sleeve rod is provided with engagement grooves in the radial direction at both ends, two groups of the engagement grooves are vertically arranged, the input sleeve rod and the output sleeve rod are detachably provided with pedestals at one end facing the adjusting sleeve rod, the two pedestals are provided with engagement teeth embedded in the engagement grooves at opposite ends, the contact surfaces of the engagement grooves and the engagement teeth are provided with tooth-shaped notches, the two pedestals are jointly provided with a protective sleeve, elastic shaft seals are arranged between the contact surfaces of the two ends of the protective sleeve and the two pedestals, and the protective sleeve is filled with lubricant. The engagement grooves and the engagement teeth are matched, the installation error between the input sleeve rod and the output sleeve rod or the dislocation deviation of the shaft center in the running process can be compensated, the dislocation allowance of the power transmission center line is balanced and adapted, the probability of sudden fracture failure of the coupling due to bearing additional stress is reduced, the stability of transmission is ensured, and the probability of unplanned shutdown is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coupling technology, and more particularly to a coupling with a protective sleeve structure. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial applications, especially in scenarios involving motor-driven pumps, fans, and compressors, couplings play an indispensable role. Couplings are key fundamental components in mechanical transmission systems. Their main function is to connect two shafts or a shaft and a rotating component, typically through rigid or flexible structures, directly or indirectly transmitting the power of the driving shaft to the driven shaft, thereby achieving continuous power transmission.

[0003] However, most conventional couplings (such as rigid flange couplings, flexible lapel couplings, diaphragm couplings, etc.) are designed to transmit torque continuously. When the transmission system encounters a sudden overload (such as equipment jamming or impact load), the excessive torque will be directly transmitted to the drive side (such as the motor) or the driven equipment through the coupling. This can easily lead to permanent damage to the coupling's own structure (such as the elastomer or diaphragm), or even more serious equipment accidents such as burnt-out motor windings, broken gears in the reducer, or broken drive shafts. Although there are some safety couplings with overload protection (such as friction type, ball type, and shear pin type), they are often complex in structure, expensive, and the protection threshold is not easy to set accurately or requires manual replacement of parts (such as the shear pin) to reset, making maintenance inconvenient and affecting production.

[0004] Furthermore, couplings have high requirements for the alignment (radial, axial, and angular misalignment) of the two connected shafts. Although flexible couplings (such as diaphragm, bellows, and swivel couplings) are designed to compensate for certain misalignments, their compensation capacity is limited. In actual operation, factors such as foundation settlement, equipment vibration, thermal expansion, and bearing wear often cause dynamic or static relative misalignment (especially radial misalignment) of the centerlines of the two connected shafts. When the misalignment exceeds the rated compensation range of the coupling, huge additional stress will be generated inside the coupling, which will not only lead to abnormal vibration, noise, and decreased efficiency, but more seriously, it will accelerate the fatigue damage of coupling components, and may eventually lead to sudden failure of the coupling, causing unplanned downtime and safety risks.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a coupling with a protective sleeve structure, which has a cross-shaped construction to compensate for radial offset and alleviate the rigidity generated in the coupling due to shaft offset. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art by proposing a coupling with a protective sleeve structure.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A coupling with a protective sleeve structure includes, in sequence, an input sleeve rod, an adjusting sleeve rod, and an output sleeve rod. Both ends of the adjusting sleeve rod are provided with radial engagement grooves, and two sets of engagement grooves are arranged vertically. The input sleeve rod and the output sleeve rod can be detachably mounted on a base at the end facing the adjusting sleeve rod. Each of the two bases has teeth embedded in the engagement grooves at their opposite ends. The contact surfaces between the engagement grooves and the teeth have tooth-shaped notches. A protective sleeve is fitted on both bases. An elastic shaft seal is provided between the two ends of the protective sleeve and the contact surfaces of the two bases. The protective sleeve is filled with lubricant and has an oil valve.

[0009] Preferably, the outer edge of the adjusting sleeve is arranged in a ring with multiple sets of curved spoons. The adjusting sleeve is provided with an oil cavity, which is connected to an oil passage one corresponding to each curved spoon. The oil passage one passes through the curved spoon and exits from the inner side of the spoon end. The oil cavity is also symmetrically connected with several oil passages two and three. The ports of oil passages two and three exit from the toothed notches of the two side engagement grooves, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the sum of the depths of the engagement grooves on both sides of the adjusting sleeve is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the teeth on the two bases.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom end of the bite groove and the root of the bite tooth are both provided with inner grooves.

[0012] Preferably, a transition sleeve is also provided, and two sets of bases are respectively set at the opposite ends of the input sleeve and the transition sleeve; a flange assembly one is provided on the side of the transition sleeve facing the output sleeve, a fixed toothed sleeve is inserted into the side of the flange assembly one facing the output sleeve, an mounting sleeve is axially slidably installed on the output sleeve, a top spring is provided between the mounting sleeve and the output sleeve, a flange assembly two is provided on the mounting sleeve, a movable toothed sleeve is inserted into the side of the flange assembly two facing the input sleeve, and the fixed toothed sleeve and the movable toothed sleeve are engaged with each other.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the output sleeve rod is provided with an external thread at the non-moving part of the mounting sleeve, and a self-locking nut is screwed onto the external thread. A retaining ring is abutted against the side of the self-locking nut facing the top spring, and one end of the spring abuts against the mounting sleeve and the other end abuts against the inside of the retaining ring.

[0014] Preferably, both the fixed and removable dental braces have multiple insertion posts on their opposite sides.

[0015] Preferably, the fixed braces and the removable braces are each divided into two equal groups.

[0016] Preferably, the output sleeve and the transition sleeve are plugged into each other.

[0017] Preferably, the output sleeve is divided into a handle and a sleeve, which are detachably connected. The handle is a stepped shaft with a diameter that decreases from the side facing the input sleeve to the side away from the input sleeve. A limiting boss is provided on the side of the handle facing the input sleeve.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a coupling with a protective sleeve structure, which has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. In this invention, during assembly, the components are, in sequence, an input sleeve rod, an adjusting sleeve rod, a transition sleeve rod, and an output sleeve rod. The adjusting sleeve rod, located between the input sleeve rod and the transition sleeve rod, forms a cross-shaped connector through the engagement of a meshing groove and teeth on both sides. The teeth slide within the meshing groove, compensating for installation errors between the input sleeve rod and the output sleeve rod, or misalignment deviations of the shaft centerline during operation. This balances and adapts the misalignment allowance of the power transmission centerline, eliminates some of the additional stress generated within the coupling due to shaft misalignment, reduces fatigue damage to coupling components, lowers the probability of sudden breakage failure of the coupling due to additional stress, ensures transmission stability, reduces the probability of unplanned downtime, and minimizes safety risks.

[0020] 2. In this invention, the protective sleeve outside the adjusting rod is provided with a lubricant. The lubricant can adjust the friction between the teeth and the meshing groove to reduce frictional fatigue damage.

[0021] 3. In this invention, a top spring achieves a tight engagement between the fixed and movable coupling sleeves. When the output load reaches a certain level, the top spring retracts, gradually reducing the contact area between the fixed and movable coupling sleeves, eventually causing misalignment and slippage, resulting in transmission failure and unstable power transmission. This avoids excessive torque being directly transmitted to the drive side, reducing the risk of permanent damage to the coupling's structure and even more serious equipment accidents such as burnt-out motor windings, broken gears in the reducer, and broken drive shafts.

[0022] 4. The present invention allows for adjustment of the initial compression state of the top spring by turning the self-locking nut, thereby enabling adjustment of the preload of the top spring within its range to adapt to more load conditions.

[0023] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows; and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description; or may be learned from practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a left-facing axial perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A 3D schematic diagram after removing the two bearing housings.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a right-angled axial perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4For the present invention Figure 3 A 3D schematic diagram after removing the two bearing housings.

[0028] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A 3D schematic diagram after removing the top spring and retaining ring.

[0029] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 A top-down view.

[0030] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point AA.

[0031] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the assembly section at the middle protective sleeve.

[0032] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 A cross-sectional diagram of the bite of the two sets of braces.

[0033] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram of point BB in the diagram.

[0034] Figure 11 The diagram shows the assembly and exploded view of the protective sleeve of this invention.

[0035] Figure 12 The diagram and exploded view show the meshing of the meshing grooves and teeth on both sides of the adjusting sleeve rod of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 13 These are the occlusal and separation diagrams of the two sets of braces of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking teeth at the ends of the input sleeve and the transition sleeve of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the two sets of braces structures of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the flange assembly on the transition sleeve of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 17 The above are assembly drawings and exploded views of the output sleeve rod of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the engagement state of the input sleeve, adjusting sleeve, and output sleeve in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of two oil passage states of the adjusting sleeve rod of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Input sleeve; 2. Adjusting sleeve; 3. Transition sleeve; 4. Output sleeve; 5. Protective sleeve; 6. Shaft seal; 7. Gear; 8. Engagement groove; 9. Oil passage one; 10. Oil passage two; 11. Curved spoon; 12. Flange assembly one; 13. Flange assembly two; 14. Fixed threaded sleeve; 15. Movable threaded sleeve; 16. Mounting sleeve; 17. Top spring; 18. Retaining ring; 19. Self-locking nut; 20. Insert rod; 21. Insert post; 22. Notch; 23. Bearing seat one; 24. Bearing seat two; 401. Handle; 402. Spline; 403. External thread; 404. Rectangular shaft; 405. Handle sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The following will refer to the appendices in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1-19 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0045] Example 1: To address the problem of dynamic or static relative radial misalignment of the centerlines of two connected shafts during actual operation, often caused by factors such as foundation settlement, equipment vibration, thermal expansion, and bearing wear, thus affecting transmission stability, this example provides a coupling with a protective sleeve structure, comprising, from left to right, an input sleeve rod 1, an adjusting sleeve rod 2, and an output sleeve rod 4. The input sleeve rod 1, adjusting sleeve rod 2, and output sleeve rod 4 are coaxially aligned during initial assembly.

[0046] See attached document Figure 2 Appendix Figure 7 As shown, the input sleeve 1 is cylindrical in shape and has a connecting hole on the left side, which is a structure for connecting with shafts that input power, such as motors and drive shafts; the connecting hole has a built-in keyway, and the power is transmitted and input through key connection.

[0047] See attached document Figure 4 Appendix Figure 7 As shown, the right end of the output sleeve 4 is also provided with a connection hole and a built-in keyway, and the power output is transmitted through the key connection.

[0048] See attached document Figure 12 As shown, both ends of the adjusting sleeve rod 2 are provided with engagement grooves 8. The engagement grooves 8 are arranged radially along the adjusting sleeve rod 2, and the two engagement grooves 8 at both ends of the adjusting sleeve rod 2 are perpendicular to the axis, forming a cross-shaped connecting structure.

[0049] See attached document Figure 14 As shown, both the input sleeve 1 and the output sleeve 4 have detachable bases installed on the ends facing the adjusting sleeve 2 (see attached image). Figure 14The diagram on the right shows the assembly stand for the transition sleeve 3. Since this embodiment only demonstrates the buffer structure for the coupling offset, the transition sleeve 3 is not involved in this implementation. Figure 18 The image shows a separate assembly diagram of the input sleeve 1, adjusting sleeve 2, and output sleeve 4. Each of the two bases has a tooth 7 at one opposite end; the tooth 7 has a rectangular strip structure. During assembly, the tooth 7 is embedded in the engagement groove 8.

[0050] Based on the above technical solution:

[0051] In use, the input sleeve 1 is connected to the power input shaft, and the output sleeve 4 is connected to the power receiving shaft; the adjusting sleeve 2 is located between the input sleeve 1 and the output sleeve 4, and through the cooperation of the bite teeth 7 and the bite groove 8, the adjusting rod is suspended between the input sleeve 1 and the output sleeve 4.

[0052] By adjusting the engagement groove 8 on the sleeve rod 2 and the engagement teeth 7 on both sides, a cross connector is formed. The engagement teeth 7 slide in the engagement groove 8, which can compensate for the installation error between the input sleeve rod 1 and the output sleeve rod 4 or the misalignment deviation of the shaft during operation. This balances and adapts the misalignment allowance of the power transmission center line, eliminates some of the additional stress caused by shaft misalignment in the coupling, reduces fatigue damage to coupling components, and lowers the probability of sudden failure of the coupling due to additional stress, thereby ensuring the stability of the transmission, reducing the probability of unplanned downtime, and reducing safety risks.

[0053] In Example 2, a further embodiment of this solution, the teeth 7 and the meshing groove 8 are subjected to both static and sliding friction. Especially when there is axial misalignment, the sliding friction is particularly pronounced, and the friction between the contact surfaces of the teeth 7 and the meshing groove 8 becomes more severe. Therefore, this solution provides a tooth-shaped notch 22 on the contact surface between the meshing groove 8 and the teeth 7, reducing the contact area while providing space for the expansion and deformation of the meshing groove 8 under pressure. Additionally, a protective sleeve 5 is fitted onto both pedestals. End caps (shown in the attached diagram as being fastened with bolts) can be detachably installed at both ends of the protective sleeve 5, with the end caps positioned on opposite sides of the pedestals. Each end cap has an annular inner groove on one side, and a shaft seal 6 is provided within each groove. The shaft seals 6 on both sides achieve an elastic seal between the elastic protective sleeve 5 and the pedestal. The protective sleeve 5 is provided with elastic shaft seals 6 between its two ends and the contact surfaces of the two bases. The protective sleeve 5 is filled with lubricant. The lubricant is fully filled to prevent excessive internal pressure during operation and easy leakage. The protective sleeve 5 is provided with an oil valve, through which lubricant is added or extracted.

[0054] Shaft seal 6 uses a lip seal with an embedded annular spring clamp. The lip of the lip seal is tightly fitted to the shaft surface of the base with an interference fit. The spring clamp further pressurizes, forming a contact seal. During rotation, an extremely thin oil film forms between the lip and the shaft, achieving a certain degree of dynamic sealing. This allows for trace amounts of lubricant penetration but prevents significant leakage. Preferably, to improve dynamic anti-eccentricity, the lip of the lip seal is widened to distribute contact pressure and reduce localized wear. Simultaneously, the O-ring's elastic support back compensates for installation eccentricity or operational misalignment and absorbs vibration. It can also be used in conjunction with a wedge seal for even better anti-eccentricity performance.

[0055] In this design, the input sleeve 1, adjusting sleeve 2, and output sleeve 4 rotate synchronously at the same speed. Therefore, the protective sleeve 5 will deflect synchronously with the input sleeve 1 and output sleeve 4, resulting in a low probability of axial misalignment. This indicates that the rotational friction of the shaft seal 6 is relatively small. The primary purpose of the elastic shaft seal 6 is to resist eccentric displacement caused by shaft misalignment. However, the anti-eccentricity effect of the elastic shaft seal 6 is limited. When it reaches its limit, fails, or exhibits detectable problems, timely inspection and repair are still necessary.

[0056] Based on the above technical solution:

[0057] In use, the adjusting sleeve 2 rotates synchronously with the input sleeve 1. During this time, the lower side of the adjusting sleeve 2 is always immersed in lubricant. As it rotates, lubricant continuously fills the contact surface between the teeth 7 and the meshing groove 8, thus neutralizing the friction between them and reducing frictional fatigue damage. Furthermore, the toothed notch 22 design of the meshing groove 8 allows the lubricant to penetrate more easily between the teeth 7 and the meshing groove 8, improving the lubrication effect.

[0058] To allow the lubricant to penetrate the contact surface better and further improve the lubrication effect, please refer to the appendix. Figure 10 As shown, the outer edge of the adjusting sleeve 2 has a ring array of multiple sets of curved spoons 11, with the curved spoons 11 bent in the direction of rotation, so that the adjusting sleeve 2 can gather lubricant through the curved spoons 11 when rotating. (See attached diagram.) Figure 19 As shown, the adjusting sleeve 2 has an oil cavity inside, which serves as a temporary storage space for lubricant accumulation. (See attached diagram.) Figure 8 As shown, the oil cavity is connected to an oil passage 9 corresponding to the curved spoon 11. The oil passage 9 passes through the curved spoon 11 and exits from the inside of the spoon end of the curved spoon 11. The oil cavity is also symmetrically connected to several oil passages 20 and 3. The ports of oil passages 20 and 3 exit from the toothed notches 22 of the two side engagement grooves 8 respectively.

[0059] Based on the above technical solution:

[0060] When the adjusting sleeve rod 2 rotates synchronously with the input sleeve rod 1, the curved spoon 11 will be immersed in the lubricant when it rotates to the bottom, thereby scooping out the lubricant. Part of this lubricant will then enter the oil cavity through the first oil passage 9; and part of the lubricant that enters the oil cavity will enter the second oil passage 10 and the third oil passage under the centrifugal force, and finally leak out from the toothed notch 22 of the two side engagement grooves 8, so that when a small amount of lubricant is added to the protective sleeve 5, the wetting effect of the lubricant at the contact surface can still be improved.

[0061] In this embodiment, the sum of the depths of the engagement grooves 8 on both sides of the adjusting sleeve 2 is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the teeth 7 on the two bases. This clearance fit forms an oil film gap, which aligns with the inner grooves at the bottom of the engagement grooves 8 and the roots of the teeth 7. This facilitates the flow and seepage of lubricant; simultaneously, the dimensional difference also allows for a certain clearance when the teeth 7 deviate laterally.

[0062] In this scheme, the input sleeve 1 can also be externally configured with a bearing housing 23, which supports the input sleeve 1 (if the power input is a motor, the bearing housing 23 and the motor are mounted on the same mounting surface), so that the axis of the input sleeve 1 is aligned with the axis of the power shaft, that is, the axis of the input power remains as unchanged as possible.

[0063] In this scheme, oil channel 9 can be configured in various ways, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 19 As shown, the upper diagram shows oil passage 9 with a smaller opening, suitable for low-speed operating environments; the lower diagram shows an oil passage with a larger opening, facilitating lubricant flow into the oil chamber, suitable for high-speed operating environments. However, this solution is suitable for medium-to-low-speed operating scenarios.

[0064] In Example 3, a further embodiment of this solution, to cope with excessive loads, a transition sleeve 3 is also provided. In this case, two sets of supports are respectively positioned at opposite ends of the input sleeve 1 and the transition sleeve 3.

[0065] See attached document Figure 13 Appendix Figure 14 As shown, the transition sleeve 3 has a flange assembly 12 on the side facing the output sleeve 4, and a fixing sleeve 14 is inserted into the flange assembly 12 on the side facing the output sleeve 4. The flange assembly 12 is in the shape of a flange, and its outer edge surface is provided with multiple opening slots. The back side of the fixing sleeve 14 is provided with a pin 21 corresponding to each of the opening slots. The fixing sleeve 14 is flat against the end face of the flange assembly 12, and the pin 21 is inserted into the opening slot, thereby realizing the insertion of the fixing sleeve 14.

[0066] See attached document Figure 9As shown, an mounting sleeve 16 is axially slidably mounted on the output sleeve 4. A retaining ring 18 is provided on the output sleeve 4, with its edge bent inwards to form a flange. A top spring 17 is embedded within the flange of the retaining ring 18, with its other end abutting against the mounting sleeve 16. During assembly, the top spring 17 is in a compressed state, causing the mounting sleeve 16 to always tend to move towards the transition sleeve 3. (Refer to the attached diagram.) Figure 17 As shown, the inner hole of the mounting sleeve 16 is provided with a keyway, and the output sleeve rod 4 is provided with a spline 402 that mates with the keyway. Through the cooperation between the spline 402 and the keyway, a sliding fit is achieved between the mounting sleeve 16 and the output sleeve rod 4, and synchronous power transmission is realized. Using the spline 402 as a key connection component can form multiple force transmission surfaces, thereby dispersing local pressure and avoiding stress concentration that could lead to premature failure of the key connection.

[0067] See attached document Figure 17 As shown, the mounting sleeve 16 is provided with a flange assembly 2 13, and a movable threaded sleeve 15 is inserted into the side of the flange assembly 2 13 facing the input sleeve rod 1. The flange assembly 2 13 has the same structure as the flange assembly 1 12, and also presents a flange shape with several opening slots on the outer edge. The movable threaded sleeve 15 has an insertion post 21 on the back side. The movable threaded sleeve 15 is flat against the flange assembly 2 13, and the insertion post 21 is inserted into the opening slot, thereby realizing the insertion of the movable threaded sleeve 15.

[0068] See attached document Figure 13 As shown, after assembly, the fixed dental brace 14 and the movable dental brace 15 engage with each other to form a dynamic contact surface.

[0069] Based on the above technical solution:

[0070] During assembly, the components are arranged in the following order: input sleeve 1, adjusting sleeve 2, transition sleeve 3, and output sleeve 4. Input sleeve 1 is connected to the power input shaft, and output sleeve 4 is connected to the power transmission shaft. Adjusting sleeve 2, through the engagement of teeth 7 and engagement grooves 8, enables power transmission between output sleeve 4 and transition sleeve 3. Transition sleeve 3 then transmits power through the engagement of fixed toothed sleeve 14 and movable toothed sleeve 15. Power is transmitted from transition sleeve 3 along the contact surface of fixed toothed sleeve 14 and movable toothed sleeve 15, and then transmitted to output sleeve 4 through the key engagement between mounting sleeve 16 and output sleeve 4, ultimately achieving power transmission.

[0071] The entire power transmission of the coupling relies on the support of the top spring 17 to ensure the firm engagement between the fixed sleeve 14 and the movable sleeve 15. Power output is achieved by resisting the supporting force of the top spring 17. When the output load reaches a certain level, the top spring 17 retracts, the contact area between the fixed sleeve 14 and the movable sleeve 15 gradually decreases, and eventually they slip out of alignment, causing transmission failure and the power transmission to become unstable and continuous. This avoids excessive torque being directly transmitted to the drive side (such as the motor) or the driven side equipment, reducing the risk of permanent damage to the coupling's structure, or even more serious equipment accidents such as burnt-out motor windings, broken gears in the reducer, or broken drive shafts.

[0072] In this embodiment, the input sleeve 1 is equipped with an external bearing seat 24. The bearing seat 24 and the output side device are mounted on the same base surface to ensure that the output end of the coupling and the shaft of the output device are on the same axis during initial installation, reducing the risk of misalignment of the output shaft. At the same time, the presence of the bearing seat 24 also provides a limit for the transition sleeve 3 to prevent the transition sleeve 3 from being pushed to the left by the top spring 17, which would cause the bite teeth 7 to engage with the root of the bite groove 8, thus losing the space to make room.

[0073] The built-in bearings of bearing housing 1 (23) and bearing housing 2 (24) can be either thrust cylindrical roller bearings or thrust self-aligning roller bearings, which can withstand higher axial loads and tolerate a certain degree of angular deviation.

[0074] In Example 4, based on Example 3, since the stability of power transmission is controlled by the top spring 17, if the compression force of the top spring 17 is singular, it is not suitable for selecting multiple load conditions within the factory area. Therefore, in this example, the outer surface of the output sleeve 4 is provided with an external thread 403, which is located to the right of the spline 402 on the mounting sleeve 16, i.e., at the non-sliding mounting part of the mounting sleeve 16 on the output sleeve 4. A self-locking nut 19 is screwed onto the external thread 403, and the retaining ring 18 is fitted onto the output sleeve 4. The self-locking nut 19 abuts against the retaining ring 18 on the side facing the top spring 17, and one end of the spring abuts against the mounting sleeve 16, while the other end abuts against the inside of the retaining ring 18. In this way, by screwing on the self-locking nut 19, the initial compression degree of the top spring 17 can be adjusted, thereby enabling the adjustment of the meshing force between the fixed toothed sleeve 14 and the movable toothed sleeve 15, achieving the adaptability of the coupling to change its anti-separation performance within a certain range as the load changes.

[0075] In this embodiment, the fit between the external thread 403 and the self-locking nut 19 is self-locking to prevent slippage. Multiple sets of self-locking nuts 19 can be configured to improve the anti-slippage effect.

[0076] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the mounting sleeve 16 from slipping off the output sleeve rod 4 due to the cup top spring 17 pressing against it, a limiting boss is provided on the left side of the output sleeve rod 4 to limit the end of the left stroke of the mounting sleeve 16, so that the mounting sleeve 16 can only be fitted onto the output sleeve rod 4 from the right side and can only be removed from the right side.

[0077] In this embodiment, refer to the appendix Figure 9 As shown, the limiting boss on the side of the output sleeve 4 facing the transition sleeve 3 has a flange structure, which can be detachably installed with a cylindrical insert rod 20 using bolts. The side of the transition sleeve 3 facing the output sleeve 4 has a circular insertion hole that mates with the insert rod 20. During assembly, the insert rod 20 is inserted into the insertion hole, facilitating the alignment of the transition sleeve 3 and the output sleeve 4. This also reduces the probability of misalignment between the output sleeve 4 and the transition sleeve 3. Both the insertion hole and the insert rod 20 are chamfered for easy insertion.

[0078] In this embodiment, to ensure that the connection diameter between the output sleeve 4 and the output shaft reaches a certain level, the output sleeve 4 is divided into a handle 401 and a handle sleeve 405. A spline 402 and an external thread 403 are both provided on the handle 401; while the handle sleeve 405 has a socket on its back side with a rectangular inner hole, and a rectangular shaft 404 at the right end of the handle 401. The rectangular shaft 404 is inserted into the socket and fastened with screws, thus achieving a detachable fit between the handle 401 and the handle sleeve 405; and by changing the handle sleeve 405, the output diameter can be changed.

[0079] At this point, the handle 401 is a three-tiered stepped shaft: the left side has the largest diameter and is fitted with a spline 402 to mate with the mounting sleeve 16; the middle section has the second largest diameter and is fitted with an external thread 403 to mate with the self-locking nut 19; the right side is a rectangular shaft 404 with the smallest diameter, located inside the middle shaft, used to connect with the handle sleeve 405. This design facilitates the installation of the mounting sleeve 16 and the self-locking nut 19 without interference.

[0080] Example 5, based on Example 4, uses the fixed dental sleeve 14 and the movable dental sleeve 15 as power transmission components between the transition sleeve 3 and the output sleeve 4. Their meshing surfaces are prone to wear. To facilitate the replacement of the fixed dental sleeve 14 and the movable dental sleeve 15, in this example, the fixed dental sleeve 14 and the movable dental sleeve 15 are evenly divided into two groups. (Refer to Appendix) Figure 15 As shown, each half of the dental aligner has at least two sets of insertion posts 21, and the attached diagram shows three sets, to ensure balanced insertion and prevent lateral deviation. When the dental aligner is damaged, loosen the self-locking nut 19 to gradually reduce the preload of the top spring 17, and then move the mounting sleeve 16 to separate the fixed dental aligner 14 from the movable dental aligner 15. At this point, the dental aligner can be removed and replaced without disconnecting the output sleeve rod 4 from the output shaft, making replacement more convenient.

[0081] The overall usage process of this solution:

[0082] During assembly, the components are arranged in the following order: input sleeve 1, adjusting sleeve 2, transition sleeve 3, and output sleeve 4. Input sleeve 1 is connected to the power input shaft, and output sleeve 4 is connected to the power transmission shaft. Adjusting sleeve 2 is connected to both input sleeve 1 and transition sleeve 3 via the engagement of teeth 7 and engagement grooves 8, thus enabling power transmission between output sleeve 4 and transition sleeve 3. Transition sleeve 3 then transmits power through the engagement of fixed toothed sleeve 14 and movable toothed sleeve 15. Power is transmitted from transition sleeve 3 along the contact surface between fixed toothed sleeve 14 and movable toothed sleeve 15, and then transmitted to output sleeve 4 via the key engagement between mounting sleeve 16 and output sleeve 4, ultimately achieving power transmission.

[0083] The adjusting sleeve 2 is located between the input sleeve 1 and the transition sleeve 3. Through the engagement of the meshing groove 8 and the meshing teeth 7 on both sides, a cross-shaped connector is formed. The meshing teeth 7 slide in the meshing groove 8, which can compensate for the installation error between the input sleeve 1 and the output sleeve 4 or the misalignment deviation of the shaft during operation. This balances and adapts the misalignment allowance of the power transmission centerline, eliminates some of the additional stress caused by shaft misalignment in the coupling, reduces fatigue damage to coupling components, and lowers the probability of sudden failure of the coupling due to additional stress. This ensures the stability of the transmission, reduces the probability of unplanned downtime, and reduces safety risks.

[0084] Furthermore, the protective sleeve 5 outside the adjusting sleeve rod 2 is equipped with lubricant, which can adjust the friction between the bite teeth 7 and the bite groove 8 to reduce frictional fatigue damage.

[0085] The fixed coupling 14 and the movable coupling 15 are tightly engaged by a top spring 17. When the output load reaches a certain level, the top spring 17 retracts, and the contact area between the fixed coupling 14 and the movable coupling 15 gradually decreases, eventually leading to misalignment and slippage. This causes transmission failure, and the power is no longer transmitted stably and continuously. This prevents excessive torque from being directly transmitted to the drive side (such as the motor) or the driven equipment, reducing the risk of permanent damage to the coupling's structure and even more serious equipment accidents such as burnt-out motor windings, broken gears in the reducer, or broken drive shafts.

[0086] By turning the self-locking nut 19, the initial compression state of the top spring 17 can be adjusted, thereby achieving adjustment of the preload force range of the top spring 17 to adapt to more load conditions.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0088] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0089] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupling with a protective sleeve structure, characterized in that, The assembly includes an input sleeve rod (1), an adjusting sleeve rod (2), and an output sleeve rod (4). Both ends of the adjusting sleeve rod (2) are provided with engagement grooves (8) along the radial direction. The two sets of engagement grooves (8) are arranged vertically. The input sleeve rod (1) and the output sleeve rod (4) can be detachably installed with a base at the end facing the adjusting sleeve rod (2). Both bases are provided with teeth (7) embedded in the engagement grooves (8) at their opposite ends. The contact surface between the engagement grooves (8) and the teeth (7) is provided with tooth-shaped notches (22). A protective sleeve (5) is fitted on both bases. An elastic shaft seal (6) is provided between the two ends of the protective sleeve (5) and the contact surface between the two bases. The protective sleeve (5) is filled with lubricant and is provided with an oil valve. The outer edge of the adjusting sleeve (2) has a ring array of multiple curved spoons (11). The adjusting sleeve (2) is provided with an oil cavity. The oil cavity is connected to an oil channel (9) corresponding to the curved spoon (11). The oil channel (9) passes through the curved spoon (11) and exits from the inner side of the spoon end of the curved spoon (11). The oil cavity is also symmetrically connected with several oil channels (10) and oil channels (3). The ports of oil channels (10) and oil channels (3) respectively exit from the toothed notch (22) of the two side engagement grooves (8). The sum of the depths of the engagement grooves (8) on both sides of the adjusting sleeve (2) is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the teeth (7) on the two bases; The bottom end of the bite groove (8) and the root of the bite tooth (7) are both provided with inner grooves; A transition sleeve (3) is also provided, and two sets of bases are respectively set at the opposite ends of the input sleeve (1) and the transition sleeve (3); a flange assembly (12) is provided on the side of the transition sleeve (3) facing the output sleeve (4), a fixed toothed sleeve (14) is inserted on the side of the flange assembly (12) facing the output sleeve (4), an mounting sleeve (16) is axially slidably installed on the output sleeve (4), a top spring (17) is provided between the mounting sleeve (16) and the output sleeve (4), a flange assembly (13) is provided on the mounting sleeve (16), a movable toothed sleeve (15) is inserted on the side of the flange assembly (13) facing the input sleeve (1), and the fixed toothed sleeve (14) and the movable toothed sleeve (15) mesh with each other.

2. The coupling with a protective sleeve structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the output sleeve rod (4) is provided with an external thread (403) at the non-moving part of the mounting sleeve (16). A self-locking nut (19) is screwed onto the external thread (403). A retaining ring (18) is abutted on the side of the self-locking nut (19) facing the top spring (17). One end of the top spring (17) abuts on the mounting sleeve (16) and the other end abuts inside the retaining ring (18).

3. The coupling with a protective sleeve structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the fixed dental brace (14) and the movable dental brace (15) have multiple inserts (21) on opposite sides.

4. The coupling with a protective sleeve structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed dental brace (14) and the removable dental brace (15) are each divided into two groups.

5. The coupling with a protective sleeve structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output sleeve (4) and the transition sleeve (3) are connected by an insertion.

6. The coupling with a protective sleeve structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The output sleeve (4) is divided into a handle (401) and a handle sleeve (405). The handle (401) and the handle sleeve (405) are detachably connected. The handle (401) is a stepped shaft with a diameter that decreases from the side facing the input sleeve (1) to the side away from the input sleeve (1). The handle (401) is provided with a limiting boss on the side facing the input sleeve (1).

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