Crude oil viscosity reduction system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a crude oil viscosity reduction system and method, and relates to the technical field of crude oil transportation. An annular pipe in the crude oil viscosity reduction system is provided with a circulation channel, and the circulation channel is provided with an input port, an output port and a wave-absorbing particle adding port which can be opened and closed. The microwave device is provided with a microwave cavity and a magnetron, at least part of the annular pipe is arranged in the microwave cavity, and the magnetron is arranged on the peripheral side of at least part of the annular pipe in a surrounding mode; the settling tank is connected with the annular pipe in an openable and closable manner, so that wave-absorbing particles in the crude oil are separated from the crude oil; and the circulating pump is configured to drive the crude oil to circularly flow in the circulating channel. Crude oil is driven by the circulating pump to circularly flow in the circulating channel, so that the crude oil in the annular pipe is subjected to multiple times of uniform microwave treatment by the microwave device, and the crude oil viscosity reduction reliability of the crude oil viscosity reduction system is improved; in addition, by adding the wave-absorbing particles, the microwave treatment effect of the microwave device on the crude oil is further enhanced, so that the crude oil viscosity reduction reliability of the crude oil viscosity reduction system is further improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of crude oil transportation, and in particular to a crude oil viscosity reduction system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of oil exploitation and transportation, the crude oil extracted from the oil well contains wax substances, i.e. long-chain alkane structural substances. When the ambient temperature decreases to below the wax precipitation point temperature, the wax substances will precipitate in the form of wax crystal particles, forming flocculent substances in the crude oil, which increases the viscosity of the crude oil, causing some wax crystal particles to settle in the pipeline and reducing the flow rate of the crude oil in the pipeline.

[0003] In the related art, a microwave device is directly installed on the crude oil transportation pipeline to perform microwave treatment on the crude oil in the pipeline, so as to heat the crude oil and destroy the structure of the wax substances in the crude oil, so that the wax substances in the crude oil are less likely to precipitate during temperature change, thereby reducing the viscosity and freezing point of the crude oil in the transportation pipeline.

[0004] However, in the related art, the microwave device is directly installed in the crude oil transportation pipeline, which has the technical problem of uneven microwave treatment of the crude oil in the pipeline. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a crude oil viscosity reduction system and method, aiming to solve the technical problem of uneven microwave treatment of the crude oil in the pipeline, so that the microwave treatment of the crude oil is more uniform, thereby improving the reliability of the crude oil viscosity reduction.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The first aspect of the present application provides a crude oil viscosity reduction system, comprising:

[0008] A ring pipe having a circulation channel, the circulation channel having an openable and closable input port, an output port and a wave-absorbing particle adding port;

[0009] A microwave device having a microwave cavity and a magnetron, at least part of the ring pipe being arranged in the microwave cavity, and the magnetron being arranged around the outer periphery of at least part of the ring pipe;

[0010] A settling tank connected to the circulation channel in an openable and closable manner to separate the wave-absorbing particles in the crude oil from the crude oil;

[0011] A circulating pump configured to drive the crude oil to circulate in the circulation channel.

[0012] In some embodiments, the wave-absorbing particle adding port is arranged in a downstream direction of the microwave device along a flow direction of the crude oil in the circulation channel.

[0013] In some embodiments, the crude oil viscosity reduction system further comprises a controller, the ring pipe is provided with a wave-absorbing particle adding pipe, the wave-absorbing particle adding pipe is provided with a control valve, and the control valve is electrically connected to the controller.

[0014] In some embodiments, at least part of the ring pipe is arranged in a bent manner in the microwave cavity; and / or,

[0015] The ring pipe is provided with a transparent pipe section, and the transparent pipe section is arranged in an upstream direction of the settling tank along a flow direction of the crude oil in the circulation channel.

[0016] In some embodiments, the settling tank is provided with a first settling cavity and a second settling cavity, the first settling cavity is arranged below the second settling cavity along a vertical direction, the settling tank is provided with a guide pipe on a side wall thereof, the guide pipe is in communication with the first settling cavity, and an outlet end of the guide pipe is connected to an end of the wave-absorbing particle adding pipe that is away from the ring pipe.

[0017] In some embodiments, the crude oil viscosity reduction system further comprises a first oil tank and a second oil tank, the ring pipe further comprises an input pipe and an output pipe, the first oil tank is in communication with the input port through the input pipe, and the second oil tank is in communication with the second settling cavity through the output pipe.

[0018] In some embodiments, a volume of the second oil tank is greater than a volume of the settling tank.

[0019] In some embodiments, the ring pipe is further provided with a sampling port, and the sampling port is configured to sample the crude oil in the circulation channel; and / or,

[0020] The ring pipe is further provided with a first temperature detection member, a second temperature detection member, a first pressure detection member and a second pressure detection member, the first temperature detection member and the first pressure detection member are arranged in an upstream direction of the microwave device along a flow direction of the crude oil in the circulation channel, and the second temperature detection member and the second pressure detection member are arranged in a downstream direction of the microwave device.

[0021] A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a crude oil viscosity reduction method, which uses the crude oil viscosity reduction system according to any one of the above embodiments to reduce the viscosity of crude oil, and the crude oil viscosity reduction method comprises the following steps.

[0022] Step S01: crude oil is delivered into the ring pipe through the input port;

[0023] Step S02: under the action of the circulation pump, the crude oil flows in the circulation channel in a circulating manner.

[0024] Step S03: controlling opening and closing of a control valve on a wave-absorbing particle adding pipe according to the flow rate of the crude oil in the circulating channel to add wave-absorbing particles into the circulating channel through a wave-absorbing particle adding port;

[0025] Step S04: when the flow rate of the crude oil in the circulating channel reaches a preset threshold, opening the control valve and a microwave device.

[0026] In some embodiments, after the control valve and the microwave device are opened, the crude oil viscosity reduction method further comprises:

[0027] Step S05: when the crude oil with the wave-absorbing particles in the circulating channel rises to a first temperature, closing the microwave device;

[0028] Step S06: when the crude oil with the wave-absorbing particles in the circulating channel drops to a second temperature, controlling the circulating channel to communicate with a settling tank to make the crude oil with the wave-absorbing particles enter the settling tank.

[0029] In some embodiments, the wave-absorbing particles are activated carbon, silicon carbide or graphene.

[0030] In some embodiments, the preset threshold range of the flow rate of the crude oil in the circulating channel is 200-500 m³ / h; and / or,

[0031] The ratio of the added weight of the wave-absorbing particles in the circulating channel to the weight of the crude oil in the circulating channel ranges from (0.05-1):100; and / or,

[0032] The first temperature ranges from 80 to 120°C, and the second temperature is the freezing point temperature of the crude oil without viscosity reduction.

[0033] The crude oil viscosity reduction system provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises a loop pipe, a microwave device, a settling tank and a circulating pump. The loop pipe has a circulating channel, the circulating channel has an openable and closable input port, an output port and a wave-absorbing particle adding port, crude oil enters and exits the circulating channel through the input port and the output port, wave-absorbing particles enter the circulating channel through the wave-absorbing particle adding port and flow with the circulating flow of the crude oil in the circulating channel; the microwave device has a microwave cavity and a magnetron, at least part of the loop pipe is arranged in the microwave cavity, and the magnetron is arranged on the outer circumferential side of the at least part of the loop pipe to perform microwave treatment on the crude oil in the circulating channel; the settling tank is in openable and closable connection with the circulating channel to separate the wave-absorbing particles from the crude oil, thereby obtaining the crude oil with reduced viscosity; and the circulating pump is configured to drive the crude oil to circulate in the circulating channel. In the present application, the loop pipe is designed in the crude oil viscosity reduction system, and the crude oil is driven to circulate in the circulating channel of the loop pipe under the action of the circulating pump, so that the crude oil flows through the microwave device multiple times at a fixed flow rate, so that the microwave device performs multiple and uniform microwave treatment on the crude oil in the circulating channel, thereby obtaining crude oil with uniform viscosity reduction, and further improving the reliability of the crude oil viscosity reduction system in uniformly reducing the viscosity of the crude oil. In addition, the wave-absorbing particles are added to the crude oil circulating in the circulating channel through the wave-absorbing particle adding port of the loop pipe, the wave-absorbing particles can more efficiently absorb microwave energy to transfer the energy to the crude oil, thereby further enhancing the microwave treatment effect of the microwave device on the crude oil, further reducing the viscosity of the crude oil, and further improving the reliability of the crude oil viscosity reduction system in reducing the viscosity of the crude oil.

[0034] The crude oil viscosity reduction method provided by the embodiments of the present application has the same beneficial effects as the crude oil viscosity reduction system provided by the above embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0035] In addition to the technical problems solved by the above-described embodiments of the present application, the technical features constituting the technical solutions and the beneficial effects brought by these technical features, the other technical problems solved by the crude oil viscosity reduction system and method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the other technical features included in the technical solutions and the beneficial effects brought by these technical features will be further described in detail in the specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating laborious work.

[0037] Figure 1 One structural schematic diagram of the crude oil viscosity reduction system provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the crude oil viscosity reduction system provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 2.

[0039] Figure 3 A flow chart of the crude oil viscosity reduction method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 3.

[0040] Explanation of reference signs:

[0041] 10 - crude oil viscosity reduction system

[0042] 100 - ring pipe; 101 - control valve

[0043] 110 - input pipe; 120 - wave-absorbing particle adding pipe; 130 - transparent pipe section; 140 - sampling pipe

[0044] 121 - control valve

[0045] 200 - microwave device

[0046] 210 - microwave cavity; 220 - magnetron

[0047] 300 - settling tank

[0048] 310 - introduction pipe; 320 - adjusting valve

[0049] 400 - first oil tank

[0050] 500 - first temperature detecting member; 510 - second temperature detecting member; 520 - first pressure detecting member; 530 - second pressure detecting member DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application. The embodiments described below and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0052] In the process of oil exploitation and transportation, the crude oil exploited from oil wells contains wax substances, i.e. long-chain alkane structure substances. When the ambient temperature decreases to below the wax precipitation point temperature, about 30-60℃, the wax substances will precipitate in the form of wax crystal particles, forming flocculent substances in the crude oil, which increases the viscosity of the crude oil, resulting in that part of the wax crystal particles precipitate in the pipeline and the flow rate of the crude oil in the pipeline decreases in the process of exploitation and transportation.

[0053] The embodiment of the present application provides a crude oil viscosity reduction system, wherein the crude oil viscosity reduction system comprises a microwave device, in some embodiments, the crude oil viscosity reduction system is directly combined with a crude oil transportation pipeline, for example, the microwave device in the crude oil viscosity reduction system is directly installed on the outer periphery of the crude oil transportation pipeline, so that the crude oil in the pipeline is subjected to microwave treatment, the crude oil is heated, the structure of wax substances in the crude oil is destroyed, the wax precipitation point of the crude oil is reduced, the wax precipitation rate of the crude oil in the transportation process in the crude oil transportation pipeline is reduced, and then the viscosity of the crude oil in the transportation pipeline is reduced.

[0054] However, in the above embodiment, the microwave device in the crude oil viscosity reduction system is directly installed on the outer periphery of the crude oil transportation pipeline, so that the crude oil in the transportation pipeline can be subjected to microwave treatment only in a short period of time when the crude oil flows quickly in the pipeline, and the technical problem of uneven microwave treatment of the crude oil in the pipeline is caused.

[0055] In order to overcome the technical problems caused in the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present application designs a crude oil viscosity reduction system and method, and the content of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can more clearly and specifically understand the content of the present application.

[0056] Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a crude oil viscosity reduction system provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a crude oil viscosity reduction system provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 1 And Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 comprises a ring pipe 100, a microwave device 200, a settling tank 300 and a circulating pump (not shown in the figure).

[0057] The ring pipe 100 has a circulating channel, the circulating channel has an openable and closable input port, an output port and a wave-absorbing particle adding port, the crude oil enters and exits the circulating channel through the input port and the output port, the wave-absorbing particles enter the circulating channel through the wave-absorbing particle adding port and flow with the circulating flow of the crude oil in the circulating channel. In some specific embodiments, the input port is in communication with a crude oil source which needs to be reduced in viscosity, for example, the crude oil source is a crude oil transportation pipeline or an oil tank for storing crude oil; the output port is in communication with the crude oil transportation pipeline or a user, so as to transport or use the crude oil after viscosity reduction. In addition, for example, the wave-absorbing particles are activated carbon, silicon carbide and graphene.

[0058] The microwave device 200 in the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 has a microwave cavity 210 and a magnetron 220. In some embodiments, the microwave device 200 includes a shell, a door body, and an inner container, the inner container is arranged in the shell, and a sealed accommodating cavity is formed between the inner container and the shell for placing the magnetron 220. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The number of magnetrons 220 in the accommodating cavity includes but is not limited to one, two, four, six, eight, etc., which can be set according to the circulating amount of crude oil in the circulating channel. The greater the circulating amount of crude oil in the circulating channel, the greater the number of magnetrons 220.

[0059] Here, the microwave principle of the microwave device 200 is described. The microwave treatment of the microwave device 200 is realized by the magnetron 220. The magnetron 220 converts the kinetic energy of electrons into microwave energy by using electromagnetic fields. On the one hand, the colloid and asphaltene in the crude oil will be heated first when subjected to microwave energy, causing the atomic bonds in the colloid and asphaltene to break, thereby destroying the structure of the colloid and asphaltene, reducing the adsorption force between the colloid and asphaltene molecules, reducing the generation of agglomeration, making the colloid and asphaltene not easy to precipitate during temperature change, and further reducing the viscosity and freezing point of the colloid and asphaltene in the crude oil, i.e., reducing the viscosity and freezing point of the crude oil. On the other hand, the microwave energy acts on the wax material in the crude oil, causing the wax material to resonate, thereby destroying the structure of the wax material, causing the wax material to crack and separate, thereby reducing the structural strength of the wax material molecules and the adsorption force between the molecules, making the wax material in the crude oil not easy to precipitate during temperature change, and further reducing the viscosity and freezing point of the crude oil.

[0060] In addition, the inner container and the door body jointly form a sealed microwave cavity 210, and at least part of the ring pipe 100 is arranged in the microwave cavity 210. For example, the ring pipe 100 can be arranged in the microwave cavity 210 by arranging the inlet and outlet perforations on the shell, and a sealing ring is arranged at the position of the inlet and outlet perforations to seal the microwave cavity 210. The magnetron 220 is arranged on the outer circumferential side of at least part of the ring pipe 100 to perform microwave treatment on the crude oil in the circulating channel.

[0061] In other embodiments, the shell of the microwave device 200 also has a control panel, which is electrically connected to the magnetron 220 to control the start and stop of the magnetron 220. For example, the control panel has settings for the temperature of the ring pipe 100 in the microwave cavity 210 (i.e., the temperature of the crude oil flowing through the microwave device 200), the power of the magnetron 220, and the operating time of the magnetron 220. The control panel also has a real-time display to visually display the parameters of the microwave device 200, making it easier for the operator to control the microwave device 200.

[0062] As shown in Figure 1And Figure 2 As shown, the settling tank 300 in the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 is connected to the circulation channel in an openable and closable manner, so as to separate the wave-absorbing particles in the crude oil from the crude oil, thereby obtaining the crude oil after viscosity reduction. The circulation pump is configured to drive the crude oil in the ring pipe 100 to flow in the circulation channel, so as to control the flow rate of the crude oil and the wave-absorbing particles in the circulation channel. It should be noted that the connection between the settling tank 300 and the ring pipe 100 and the circulation pump can be arranged at any position of the ring pipe 100, which will not affect the circulation flow of the crude oil in the circulation channel.

[0063] In the embodiments of the present application, the ring pipe 100 is designed in the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10, and the crude oil is driven to flow in the circulation channel of the ring pipe 100 under the action of the circulation pump, so that the crude oil flows through the microwave device 200 multiple times at a fixed flow rate, so that the magnetron 220 in the microwave device 200 performs multiple and uniform microwave treatment on the crude oil in the circulation channel, thereby obtaining the crude oil with uniform viscosity reduction, and further improving the reliability of the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 in uniformly reducing the viscosity of the crude oil. In the process of circulating the crude oil in the circulation channel of the ring pipe 100, the microwave device 200 and the ring pipe 100 are in a closed microwave energy transmission process, and there is no energy loss, thereby improving the microwave performance of the microwave device 200. In addition, the wave-absorbing particles are added to the crude oil flowing in the circulation channel through the wave-absorbing particle adding port of the ring pipe 100, and the wave-absorbing particles can more efficiently absorb microwave energy to transmit the energy to the crude oil, thereby further enhancing the microwave treatment effect of the microwave device 200 on the crude oil, and further improving the reliability of the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 in reducing the viscosity of the crude oil.

[0064] In some embodiments, to avoid the heat loss of the crude oil after being treated by the magnetron 220 in the circulation channel, a heat preservation layer can also be wrapped around the outer periphery of the ring pipe 100. For example, the material of the heat preservation layer can be polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, rock wool, mineral wool, etc.

[0065] In addition, in some embodiments, the wave-absorbing particle adding port is arranged in the downstream direction of the microwave device 200 along the flow direction of the crude oil in the circulation channel, so that when the microwave device 200 is turned on, the distance between the wave-absorbing particle adding port and the microwave device 200 is longer, and the wave-absorbing particles have enough distance and time to mix with the crude oil more uniformly in the process of reaching the microwave device 200, so that the crude oil containing the wave-absorbing particles is more uniformly reduced in viscosity when it is first treated by the microwave, thereby further improving the reliability of the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 in uniformly reducing the viscosity of the crude oil.

[0066] As Figure 1 And Figure 2As shown, the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 further comprises a controller, the ring pipe 100 is provided with a wave-absorbing particle adding pipe 120, the wave-absorbing particle adding pipe 120 is provided with a control valve 121, the control valve 121 is electrically connected with the controller to control the time period and the amount of wave-absorbing particles added through the wave-absorbing particle adding pipe 120.

[0067] For example, the type of the control valve 121 includes but is not limited to an electric ball valve, an electric butterfly valve, an electric gate valve, an electric stop valve, etc. Of course, the control valve 121 can also be a manual valve, which is manually controlled to start and stop.

[0068] In some embodiments, at least part of the ring pipe 100 is arranged to be bent in the microwave cavity 210, so that the length of the part of the ring pipe 100 arranged in the microwave cavity 210 is increased, thereby increasing the amount of crude oil subjected to microwaves in a unit time, and thus improving the microwave efficiency of the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10, i.e. the viscosity reduction efficiency of the crude oil. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, at least part of the ring pipe 100 is arranged to be bent in the microwave cavity 210 in an "S" shape. Figure 1 For another example, at least part of the ring pipe 100 is arranged to be spirally wound in the microwave cavity 210.

[0069] In addition, the settling tank 300 has a first settling cavity and a second settling cavity, the first settling cavity is located below the second settling cavity in the vertical direction, the side wall of the settling tank 300 is provided with a guide pipe (not shown in the drawings) communicating with the first settling cavity, and the outlet end of the guide pipe is connected with the end of the wave-absorbing particle adding pipe 120 away from the ring pipe 100. It should be noted that the crude oil containing wave-absorbing particles is transported to the settling tank 300 by the circulating pump after the viscosity reduction is completed, the crude oil containing wave-absorbing particles is subjected to gravity settling in the settling tank 300, the wave-absorbing particles are deposited at the bottom of the settling tank 300 due to gravity, and the crude oil floats on top of the wave-absorbing particles, the first settling cavity is used to collect the settled wave-absorbing particles, the second settling cavity is used to collect the crude oil floating on top of the wave-absorbing particles, and the first settling cavity and the second settling cavity are separated by the boundary between the wave-absorbing particles and the crude oil. Of course, the settling tank 300 is also provided with a guide pipe 310, which is connected with the circulating channel in an openable and closable manner.

[0070] For example, the lower part of the settling tank 300, i.e. the part corresponding to the first settling cavity, can be designed in a funnel shape, and the end of the guide pipe communicates with the lowermost part of the funnel-shaped first settling cavity, so as to facilitate the deposition and output of the wave-absorbing particles in the first settling cavity, thereby improving the reuse rate of the wave-absorbing particles.

[0071] In some embodiments, a lead-out pipe is used to transport the wave-absorbing particles settled in the first settling chamber for recycling. A wave-absorbing particle cleaning device and a drying device can be arranged between the lead-out pipe and the wave-absorbing particle adding pipe 120. For example, the wave-absorbing particle cleaning device includes but is not limited to an organic solvent extraction, a chemical reagent dissolution, an ultrasonic cleaning, and the like, to clean the crude oil adhered to the wave-absorbing particles. The wave-absorbing particles are dried by the drying device to obtain pure wave-absorbing particles, which are then introduced into the circulation channel through the wave-absorbing particle adding pipe 120 and the control valve 121 for reuse.

[0072] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The loop pipe 100 has a transparent pipe section 130 arranged upstream of the settling tank 300 along the flow direction of the crude oil in the circulation channel. The transparent pipe section 130 allows the operator to monitor the crude oil in the loop pipe 100 in real time during the circulation process, and monitor the state of the crude oil after viscosity reduction before entering the settling tank 300, to observe whether the crude oil after viscosity reduction still has the phenomena of adhesion, accumulation, and stagnation. If the phenomena still exist, the crude oil needs to be continuously circulated in the circulation channel and subjected to microwave treatment until the phenomena of adhesion, accumulation, and stagnation no longer occur.

[0073] In addition, the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 further includes a first oil tank 400 and a second oil tank, and the loop pipe 100 further includes an input pipe 110 and an output pipe. The first oil tank 400 is in communication with the input port through the input pipe 110, and the second oil tank is in communication with the second settling chamber through the output pipe. The first oil tank 400 is arranged to store the crude oil entering the circulation channel, so as to more conveniently control the amount of crude oil entering the circulation channel. The second oil tank is arranged to collect and store the crude oil after viscosity reduction separated from the second settling chamber of the settling tank 300, so as to perform secondary settling on the crude oil, further separate the wave-absorbing particles in the crude oil, and collect the crude oil after viscosity reduction from the loop pipe 100 in the second oil tank for multiple times to increase the storage amount, so as to meet the demand of users or crude oil conveying pipelines for the amount of crude oil.

[0074] For example, a conveying pipe is arranged at the lower part of the second oil tank to facilitate conveying the wave-absorbing particles after secondary settling. The outlet end of the conveying pipe is connected to the end of the wave-absorbing particle adding pipe 120 away from the loop pipe 100.

[0075] In another exemplary embodiment, regulating valves 320 are provided on the inlet pipe 310 and outlet pipe of the settling tank 300, the delivery pipe of the second oil tank, and the input and output pipes 110 and 100 of the loop pipe 100. Each regulating valve 320 is electrically connected to a controller to control the flow time and duration of the flowing material in each pipe. For example, each regulating valve 320 can be an electric ball valve, an electric butterfly valve, an electric gate valve, an electric stop valve, or the like.

[0076] Furthermore, the volume of the second oil tank is greater than that of the settling tank 300 , thereby enabling multiple collections of crude oil from the loop pipe 100 or the settling tank 300 , so that a larger amount of crude oil can be stored in the second oil tank.

[0077] For example, the lower portion of the second oil tank may also be designed to be funnel-shaped, with the delivery pipe being connected to the lowermost portion to facilitate further recycling of the absorbing particles, thereby further improving the reuse rate of the absorbing particles.

[0078] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the loop tube 100 also has a sampling port configured to sample the crude oil in the circulation channel. Exemplarily, along the flow direction of the crude oil in the circulation channel, the sampling port is positioned upstream or downstream of the microwave device 200, or both upstream and downstream of the microwave device 200, to sample and retain crude oil flowing upstream and downstream of the microwave device in the circulation channel for analysis of crude oil composition. This allows for data analysis of the microwave capacity of the microwave device 200 corresponding to each cycle of the crude oil, thereby providing data support for the configuration parameters of the microwave device 200.

[0079] Specifically, the ring pipe 100 is provided with a sampling tube 140, and the sampling tube 140 is provided with a regulating valve 320. The regulating valve 320 is also connected to the controller to control the sampling time and sampling volume. For example, the type of the regulating valve 320 on the ring pipe 100, the inlet pipe 310 of the sedimentation tank 300, the outlet pipe, the delivery pipe of the second oil tank, and the input pipe 110 and the output pipe of the ring pipe 100 are consistent.

[0080] In some embodiments, the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 further includes a detector, illustratively a rheometer; the detector is connected to the sampling tube 140 and is used to detect the viscosity and pour point of the crude oil after viscosity reduction by the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10. When the detector is needed to detect the crude oil, the regulating valve 320 on the sampling tube 140 is opened; when the detector is not needed to detect the crude oil, the regulating valve 320 on the sampling tube 140 is closed.

[0081] In addition, if Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the circulation pipe 100 is provided with a regulating valve 101, when it is needed to drive the crude oil after viscosity reduction into the settling tank 300, the regulating valve 101 is closed, and the adjusting valve 320 corresponding to the introduction pipe 310 of the settling tank 300 is opened, so that the crude oil no longer flows in the circulation channel under the action of the circulating pump, but enters the settling tank 300.

[0082] In other embodiments, the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 further comprises a first temperature detection member 500, a second temperature detection member 510, a first pressure detection member 520 and a second pressure detection member 530, along the flow direction of the crude oil in the circulation channel, the first temperature detection member 500 and the first pressure detection member 520 are arranged upstream of the microwave device 200, and the second temperature detection member 510 and the second pressure detection member 530 are arranged downstream of the microwave device 200. Thus, the temperature and pressure of the crude oil upstream and downstream of the microwave device 200 can be analyzed to further support the setting parameters of the microwave device 200.

[0083] It should be noted that the control panel of the microwave device 200 has a setting and display of the temperature of the circulation pipe 100 in the microwave cavity 210 (i.e. the temperature of the crude oil flowing through the microwave device 200), and the temperature display can be the average of the first temperature detection member 500 and the second temperature detection member 510.

[0084] For example, the first temperature detection member 500 and the second temperature detection member 510 include but are not limited to thermocouple temperature sensor, thermal resistance temperature sensor, infrared temperature sensor, optical fiber temperature sensor, etc., and the first pressure detection member 520 and the second pressure detection member 530 include but are not limited to strain pressure sensor, piezoresistive pressure sensor, capacitive pressure sensor, etc.

[0085] Of course, along the flow direction of the crude oil in the circulation channel, temperature detection members and pressure detection members can be arranged upstream and downstream of the transparent pipe section 130, on the introduction pipe 310 of the settling tank 300, and upstream and downstream of the regulating valve 101, to monitor the temperature and pressure of the crude oil at each position, so that more specific crude oil data can be obtained.

[0086] In addition, as shown, Figure 3 The present application also provides a crude oil viscosity reduction method, which uses the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 according to any one of the above embodiments to reduce the viscosity of the crude oil, and the crude oil viscosity reduction method comprises:

[0087] Step S01: delivering the crude oil into the circulation pipe 100 through the input port;

[0088] Step S02: circulating the crude oil in the circulation channel under the action of the circulating pump;

[0089] Step S03: According to the flow rate of the crude oil in the circulating channel, the opening and closing of the control valve 121 on the wave-absorbing particle adding pipe 120 is controlled to add the wave-absorbing particles into the circulating channel through the wave-absorbing particle adding port.

[0090] Step S04: When the flow rate of the crude oil in the circulating channel reaches the preset threshold value, the control valve 121 and the microwave device 200 are opened.

[0091] In some embodiments, in step S02, under the action of the circulating pump, the preset threshold range of the flow rate of the crude oil in the circulating channel is 200-500 m³ / h, so that the flow rate of the crude oil in the circulating channel is uniform, thereby facilitating uniform microwave treatment of the crude oil by the magnetic flux tube when flowing through the microwave device 200.

[0092] Further, under the action of the circulating pump, the preset threshold range of the flow rate of the crude oil in the circulating channel is 200-300 m³ / h, so as to further accurately control the flow rate of the crude oil in the circulating channel, so that the crude oil flows through the microwave device 200 for a longer time, thereby further improving the microwave effect of the microwave device 200.

[0093] In other embodiments, in step S03, the ratio of the weight of the wave-absorbing particles added in the circulating channel to the weight of the crude oil in the circulating channel is in the range of 0.05-1:100, so as to control the amount of wave-absorbing particles added in the circulating channel, avoid too little wave-absorbing particles affecting the further microwave effect of the crude oil, and avoid too much wave-absorbing particles causing agglomeration, impacting the ring tube 100 or increasing the friction between the crude oil and the ring tube 100, thereby causing damage to the ring tube 100.

[0094] Further, the ratio of the weight of the wave-absorbing particles added in the circulating channel to the weight of the crude oil in the circulating channel is in the range of 0.8-1:100, so as to further control the amount of wave-absorbing particles added in the circulating channel and improve the addition accuracy of the wave-absorbing particles.

[0095] In addition, in step S04, before the microwave device 200 is opened, the parameters of the microwave device 200 can be pre-set. The microwave device 200 also has a setting button for the power and operation time, i.e., the power and operation time of the magnetron 220. For example, by operating the buttons on the control panel of the microwave device 200, the power of the microwave device 200 is set to 80-800 W, and the operation time is set to 60-300 s. Further, the power of the magnetron 220 is set to 600-800 W, and the operation time is set to 180-240 s. The specific effect of the power and operation time of the microwave device 200 on the viscosity reduction of the crude oil can be selected by the power and operation time of the microwave device 200.

[0096] As Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, after the control valve 121 and the microwave device 200 are turned on, the crude oil viscosity reduction method further comprises:

[0097] Step S05: When the crude oil with the wave-absorbing particles in the circulation channel rises to the first temperature, the microwave device 200 is turned off.

[0098] Step S06: When the crude oil with the wave-absorbing particles in the circulation channel falls to the second temperature, the circulation channel is communicated with the settling tank 300, so that the crude oil with the wave-absorbing particles enters the settling tank 300.

[0099] For example, the first temperature range is 80-120°C. It should be noted that the first temperature can be obtained by the average of the first temperature detection member 500 and the second temperature detection member 510, and the second temperature is the freezing point temperature of the crude oil without viscosity reduction, so as to determine whether the crude oil in the circulation channel will appear adhesion, accumulation and stagnation phenomenon at the freezing point, thereby determining whether the crude oil is successfully reduced in viscosity, by judging the transparent tube segment 130 in the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10. It should be noted that the freezing point temperature of different crude oils is different, and the second temperature needs to be set according to the specific type of crude oil. Of course, to facilitate judgment, the specific value of the second temperature can be a temperature lower than the freezing point of the crude oil without viscosity reduction, for example, a temperature 1°C, 3°C, 5°C lower than the freezing point, etc.

[0100] In some embodiments, the settling time of the crude oil in the settling tank 300 is 1h-3h, so as to improve the reliability of the settling separation of the crude oil and the wave-absorbing particles. Further, the settling time of the crude oil in the settling tank 300 is 2h-3h, so as to further improve the reliability of the settling separation of the crude oil and the wave-absorbing particles. For example, the settling time of the crude oil in the settling tank 300 can be 2h, 2.5h, 3h, etc.

[0101] In addition, when the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 and method is used for the viscosity reduction experiment of the crude oil, the wax in the crude oil is precipitated during the transportation of the crude oil from the source to the laboratory. Therefore, the crude oil transported to the laboratory needs to be pretreated. For example, the crude oil is heated to a third temperature and kept constant, and then the crude oil is cooled to a fourth temperature. The third temperature ranges from 60 to 80°C, and further, the third temperature ranges from 70 to 80°C. The fourth temperature ranges from 5 to 10°C higher than the wax precipitation point of the crude oil, and further, the fourth temperature ranges from 5 to 6°C higher than the wax precipitation point of the crude oil. The constant temperature time is 30 to 60 minutes, and the cooling rate of the crude oil is controlled at 0.5 to 1°C / min. The crude oil with the fourth temperature is more consistent with the state of the crude oil during the mining or preliminary transportation from the crude oil well. The pretreated crude oil can be subjected to viscosity reduction treatment by the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10, so that the experimental data of the crude oil viscosity reduction by the crude oil viscosity reduction system 10 and method is more consistent with the actual situation, thereby improving the guidance and reliability of the experimental data on the actual crude oil viscosity reduction system 10.

[0102] The crude oil viscosity reduction method provided by the present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific examples. Figure 3 The crude oil viscosity reduction method provided by the present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific examples.

[0103] Example 1

[0104] A first crude oil sample is selected, which is a pretreated crude oil sample. The physical property parameters of the first crude oil sample are as follows:

[0105] Table 1 Physical property parameters of the first crude oil sample

[0106]

[0107] The crude oil viscosity reduction method provided by the present application includes the following steps:

[0108] 1) The first crude oil is transported into the loop 100 through the input port;

[0109] 2) Under the action of the circulating pump, the first crude oil circulates in the circulating channel at a circulating flow rate of 300 m³ / h;

[0110] 3) The parameters of the microwave device 200 are set, the magnetron 220 power is 800W, the magnetron 220 operation time is 180s, the first temperature is 100°C, and the second temperature is 30°C;

[0111] 4) The control valve 121 is opened, the wave-absorbing particles are added into the circulating channel through the wave-absorbing particle adding port, the wave-absorbing particles are silicon carbide particles, and the ratio of the weight of the added silicon carbide particles to the weight of the crude oil in the circulating channel is 0.8:100; and the microwave device 200 is turned on.

[0112] 5) when the crude oil with the wave-absorbing particles in the circulation channel rises to the first temperature, the microwave device 200 is turned off;

[0113] 6) when the crude oil with the wave-absorbing particles in the circulation channel falls to the second temperature, the circulation channel is controlled to be communicated with the settling tank 300, so that the crude oil with the wave-absorbing particles enters the settling tank 300 to settle, and the settling time is 2h.

[0114] In this embodiment, the viscosity-related parameters of the crude oil after viscosity reduction obtained are shown in Table 3.

[0115] Comparative Example 1

[0116] The same first crude oil sample as in Example 1 is selected, and the crude oil viscosity reduction method is basically the same as in Example 1, except that:

[0117] In step 4), no wave-absorbing particles are added to the circulation channel.

[0118] In this comparative example, the viscosity-related parameters of the crude oil after viscosity reduction obtained are shown in Table 3.

[0119] Example 2

[0120] The second crude oil sample is selected, which is the pretreated crude oil sample, and the physical property parameters of the second crude oil sample are as follows:

[0121] Table 2 Physical property parameters of the second crude oil sample

[0122]

[0123] The crude oil viscosity reduction method of the present application is basically the same as in Example 1, except that:

[0124] In step 2), under the action of the circulation pump, the second crude oil circulates in the circulation channel, and the circulation flow rate is 200 m³ / h;

[0125] In step 3), the parameters of the microwave device 200 are set, the magnetron 220 power is 600W, the magnetron 220 operation time is 200s, the first temperature is 110℃, and the second temperature is 35℃.

[0126] In step 4), wave-absorbing particles are added to the circulation channel through the wave-absorbing particle adding port, and the wave-absorbing particles are activated carbon particles, and the ratio of the added weight of the activated carbon particles to the weight of the crude oil in the circulation channel is 1:100.

[0127] In this embodiment, the viscosity-related parameters of the crude oil after viscosity reduction obtained are shown in Table 3.

[0128] Comparative Example 2

[0129] The same second crude oil sample as that of Example 2 was selected, and the crude oil viscosity reduction method was basically the same as that of Example 2, except that:

[0130] In Step 4), no wave-absorbing particles were added to the circulating channel.

[0131] In the present comparative example, the viscosity-related parameters of the crude oil after viscosity reduction were as shown in Table 3.

[0132] In addition, it should be noted that in the test method, ISO 3675-1998 is a laboratory determination of petroleum density by pycnometer method for petroleum and liquid petroleum products; SY / T 0541-2009 is a method for determining the freezing point of crude oil; NB / SH / T 0509-2010 is a method for determining four components of petroleum asphalt; and DSC is a differential scanning calorimetry method, that is, the heat flow difference between the crude oil sample and the reference is monitored during the cooling process of the crude oil, and the wax precipitation point and wax content in the crude oil are determined according to the heat flow difference.

[0133] Table 3: Viscosity and freezing point parameters of crude oil

[0134]

[0135] The viscosity reduction rate is the difference between the viscosity of the crude oil after microwave treatment and the viscosity of the crude oil before microwave treatment, divided by the viscosity of the crude oil before microwave treatment.

[0136] From Table 3, the following conclusions can be drawn:

[0137] Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, and comparing Example 2 with Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that the viscosity of the crude oil after viscosity reduction obtained by adding wave-absorbing particles in the circulating channel is less than the viscosity of the crude oil after viscosity reduction obtained without adding wave-absorbing particles, and the freezing point temperature of the crude oil after viscosity reduction obtained by adding wave-absorbing particles in the circulating channel is less than the freezing point temperature of the crude oil after viscosity reduction obtained without adding wave-absorbing particles. It is shown that: in the crude oil viscosity reduction method of the present application, the method of adding microwave particles to the circulating channel can further reduce the viscosity and freezing point of the crude oil, so that the crude oil after viscosity reduction is not easy to coagulate, thereby facilitating the transportation of the crude oil in the transportation pipeline.

[0138] It should be noted that in the specification, "one embodiment", "embodiment", "exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments" and the like mean that the described embodiments can include a specific feature, structure or characteristic, but not necessarily every embodiment includes the specific feature, structure or characteristic. In addition, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to realize such feature, structure or characteristic in connection with other embodiments described explicitly or implicitly.

[0139] In general, terminology can be understood at least in part from usage in context. For example, terms, such as "one or more" as used herein, can be taken to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular or can be taken to describe a combination of features, structures or characteristics in the plural sense. Similarly, terms, such as "a" or "an," as used herein can be taken to convey a singular usage or a plural usage, at least depending on context. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," or "includes" and / or "including" when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, structures, and / or characteristics, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, structures, characteristics, and so on.

[0140] It will be readily understood that the terms "on," "above," and "over," as used herein, shall not convey the sole meaning of "directly on," but shall also include the meaning of "on," "above," or "over," with intervening features or layers, as applicable. Similarly, the terms "above" and "over," as used herein, shall not only include the meaning of "above" or "over," but can also include the meaning of "above" or "over," without intervening features or layers (i.e., the meaning of directly on).

[0141] In addition, spatially relative terms, such as "beneath", "below", "lower", "above", "upper", and the like, can be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. The spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientations depicted in the figures. The devices can be otherwise oriented (rotated 90° or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

[0142] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit the same; even though the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A crude oil viscosity reduction system, characterized in that: include: The ring tube (100) has a circulation channel, wherein the circulation channel has an openable and closable input port, an output port, and a wave-absorbing particle addition port; A microwave device (200) comprises a microwave cavity (210) and a magnetron (220), wherein at least a portion of the ring tube (100) is disposed in the microwave cavity (210), and the magnetron (220) is disposed around the outer periphery of at least a portion of the ring tube (100); A settling tank (300) is connected to the circulation channel in an openable and closable manner to separate the wave-absorbing particles in the crude oil from the crude oil; The circulation pump is configured to drive the crude oil to circulate in the circulation channel.

2. The crude oil viscosity reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the flow direction of the crude oil in the circulation channel, the wave-absorbing particle addition port is arranged in the downstream direction of the microwave device (200).

3. The crude oil viscosity reduction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crude oil viscosity reduction system (10) further comprises a controller, the annular pipe (100) is provided with a wave-absorbing particle addition pipe (120), the wave-absorbing particle addition pipe (120) is provided with a control valve (121), and the control valve (121) is electrically connected to the controller.

4. The crude oil viscosity reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least a portion of the ring tube (100) is bent and disposed within the microwave cavity (210); and / or, The annular pipe (100) has a transparent pipe section (130), and along the flow direction of the crude oil in the circulation channel, the transparent pipe section (130) is arranged upstream of the settling tank (300).

5. The crude oil viscosity reduction system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sedimentation tank (300) has a first sedimentation chamber and a second sedimentation chamber. In the vertical direction, the first sedimentation chamber is located below the second sedimentation chamber. A guide pipe communicating with the first sedimentation chamber is provided on the side wall of the sedimentation tank (300). The outlet end of the guide pipe is connected to an end of the wave-absorbing particle addition pipe (120) away from the ring pipe (100).

6. The crude oil viscosity reduction system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crude oil viscosity reduction system (10) further comprises a first oil tank (400) and a second oil tank, and the annular pipe (100) further comprises an input pipe (110) and an output pipe, wherein the first oil tank (400) is connected to the input port via the input pipe (110), and the second oil tank is connected to the second settling chamber via the output pipe.

7. A method for reducing crude oil viscosity, characterized in that: The crude oil viscosity reduction system (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used to reduce the viscosity of crude oil, and the crude oil viscosity reduction method comprises: Step S01: delivering crude oil into the annular pipe (100) through the input port; Step S02: Under the action of a circulation pump, the crude oil circulates in a circulation channel; Step S03: controlling the opening and closing of the control valve (121) on the wave-absorbing particle addition pipe (120) according to the flow rate of the crude oil in the circulation channel, so as to add the wave-absorbing particles into the circulation channel through the wave-absorbing particle addition port; Step S04: When the flow rate of the crude oil in the circulation channel reaches a preset threshold, the control valve (121) and the microwave device (200) are opened.

8. The method for reducing crude oil viscosity according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the control valve (121) and the microwave device (200) are opened, the crude oil viscosity reduction method further comprises: Step S05: when the crude oil with the wave-absorbing particles in the circulation channel rises to a first temperature, turning off the microwave device (200); Step S06: When the crude oil with the wave-absorbing particles in the circulation channel drops to a second temperature, the circulation channel is controlled to communicate with the sedimentation tank (300), so that the crude oil with the wave-absorbing particles enters the sedimentation tank (300).

9. The method for reducing crude oil viscosity according to claim 7, wherein: The wave-absorbing particles are activated carbon, silicon carbide or graphene.

10. The method for reducing crude oil viscosity according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preset threshold range of the flow rate of the crude oil in the circulation channel is 200-500 m³ / h; and / or, The ratio of the weight of the wave-absorbing particles added in the circulation channel to the weight of the crude oil in the circulation channel is in the range of (0.05-1):100; and / or, The first temperature range is 80-120° C., and the second temperature is the pour point temperature of the crude oil when viscosity reduction is not performed.

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