Self-calibration type layered settlement measuring instrument and settlement measuring method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-calibration type layered settlement measuring instrument and a settlement measuring method thereof. The self-calibration type layered settlement measuring instrument comprises a motor, an electromagnet, a measuring tube and a measuring head, and a tray, a spring and a motor switch are arranged at the bottom in the measuring tube; a group of calibration magnetic rings are fixed on the outer side of the measuring pipe at a set length interval, and the numbers of the calibration magnetic rings are different; a plurality of measuring magnetic rings are distributed between the adjacent calibration magnetic ring groups at equal intervals, and the measuring magnetic rings are fixed with the surrounding soil body; the electromagnet is periodically powered on and powered off to fix and release the measuring head; when the measuring head passes through the magnetic ring, magnetic induction lines are cut to generate electric signals; calculating and measuring the position of the magnetic ring according to the time interval of the electric signals generated by the measuring head through different magnetic rings; when the measuring head falls on the tray, the spring is compressed, the tray triggers a motor switch, the motor puts down the electromagnet to attract the measuring head and pull up the measuring head, the spring and the tray are reset, and one-time measurement is completed after the measuring head is pulled up in place. The method is higher in measurement precision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a layered settlement measuring device and method, in particular to a self-calibration layered settlement measuring device and a settlement measuring method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The traditional layered settlement observation adopts the mode of manually lifting the measuring head, changing the position of the measuring head in the settlement pipe, and recording the position of the magnetic ring according to the generated ringing. There are problems such as low measurement efficiency, inability to continuous observation, dependence on the experience of the operator, and large random error. In view of these problems, some automatic layered settlement measuring devices are developed, and these devices mostly use driving equipment to uniformly lift the measuring head. However, after the magnetic ring is buried in the soil, the settlement of the soil will cause the displacement of the magnetic ring, and then cause measurement error, and this error has a certain uncertainty; in addition, affected by factors such as voltage fluctuation and mechanical cooperation, the speed of the measuring head passing through the magnetic ring is not uniform, and the subsequent data processing is carried out according to the uniform movement of the measuring head, which causes a large measurement error. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application relates to a layered settlement measuring device and method, in particular to a self-calibration layered settlement measuring device and a settlement measuring method thereof.

[0004] Technical scheme: The self-calibration layered settlement measuring device of the present application comprises an electric signal processor and a motor arranged on the ground, a measuring pipe arranged in a drill hole, and a measuring head used in conjunction with the measuring pipe; a tray, a spring and a motor switch are arranged at the bottom of the measuring pipe; A group of calibration magnetic rings are fixed on the outer side of the measuring pipe at a certain interval, and the calibration magnetic ring group located at the uppermost end has one calibration magnetic ring, and the number of calibration magnetic rings of the remaining calibration magnetic ring groups is equal to the integer part of the depth value; A plurality of measuring magnetic rings are distributed at equal intervals between adjacent calibration magnetic ring groups, and the measuring magnetic rings are fixed with the surrounding soil; an electromagnet is arranged directly above the measuring pipe, the output end of the motor is connected to the electromagnet through a rope, and the rope is wound around the output end of the motor; the electromagnet is controlled by a timing chip to realize periodic power-on and power-off, the electromagnet attracts the measuring head when powered on, and releases the measuring head when powered off, so that the measuring head makes free fall in the measuring pipe; When the measuring head passes through the magnetic ring, the magnetic induction line is cut to generate an electric signal; the electric signal processor calculates the position of the measuring magnetic ring according to the interval of the electric signal generated when the measuring head passes through the measuring magnetic ring and the calibration magnetic ring, and obtains the settlement of the soil in this layer; When the measuring head falls on the tray, the spring is compressed, and at the same time the tray triggers the motor switch, the motor starts to lower the electromagnet, and at the same time the electromagnet is powered on, so that the electromagnet attracts the measuring head, and then the motor lifts the measuring head, the spring and the tray are reset, and after the measuring head is lifted to the position, one measurement is completed.

[0005] Further, the wedge sleeve with an inverted conical structure is arranged outside the measuring pipe, and the calibration magnetic ring is fixed by the wedge sleeve.

[0006] Further, the surface of the calibration magnetic ring is coated with epoxy resin by electroplating process to achieve underground waterproofing and corrosion resistance.

[0007] The surface of the calibration magnetic ring is coated with a corrosion-resistant coating by electroplating process, so that it is suitable for high-corrosion environments such as water-rich or saline soil, and the service life of the calibration magnetic ring is prolonged.

[0008] Further, the soil-embedded anchor rod is arranged on the measuring magnetic ring by a buckle, and the soil-embedded anchor rod is embedded in the surrounding soil to achieve fixation; the buckle and the soil-embedded anchor rod are made of engineering plastic material. The engineering plastic has high strength and can avoid the influence of additional magnetic field on the measurement of the calibration magnetic ring.

[0009] Further, vertical guide grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the measuring pipe, and a matching guide wheel is arranged on the measuring head, so that the measuring head moves vertically along the measuring pipe through the cooperation of the guide grooves and the guide wheel.

[0010] Further, a sponge for buffering the kinetic energy of the measuring head is arranged above the tray at the bottom of the measuring pipe.

[0011] Further, the measuring pipe is made of PVC material.

[0012] The wedge sleeve makes the PVC measuring pipe have better anti-pulling and anti-overturning ability in the soil. Compared with ordinary PVC measuring pipes, this structure can reduce the damage and deformation of the PVC measuring pipe. In addition, in the case of soil settlement or liquefaction, the wedge sleeve can stabilize the PVC measuring pipe, reduce the inclination or cracking of the PVC measuring pipe caused by foundation deformation, and reduce the maintenance cost in the later period. At the same time, the wedge sleeve also provides a suitable fixing position for the calibration magnetic ring.

[0013] Further, the set length is 2m.

[0014] Further, the self-calibration type layered settlement measuring instrument further comprises a solar photovoltaic panel for collecting solar energy to generate electricity during the day, and the generated electricity is stored in a storage battery to power the electric signal processor, the electric motor and the electromagnet.

[0015] By cooperating the solar photovoltaic panel and the storage battery to supply power, the present application can supply power at all times during the day, night and various weather conditions. The present application has low requirements for site power supply conditions and is suitable for various site conditions, so the application scenarios are more extensive.

[0016] The settlement measurement method of the self-calibration type layered settlement measuring instrument comprises: (1) At the predetermined drilling point, drill a hole and put in a measuring magnetic ring; fix the calibration magnetic ring on the outer wall of the measuring tube, put the measuring tube into the hole until the bottom of the hole; reserve the wire connected with the motor switch to the ground, and finally seal the hole with sticky soil; (2) Connect the motor switch with the motor through the wire, and the electromagnet attracts the measuring head; (3) The timing chip controls the electromagnet to be powered off to release the measuring head, the measuring head does free fall in the measuring tube, collects the time interval of the electric signal generated by the different magnetic rings, and calculates the position of the measuring magnetic ring according to the following formula: x= ; Wherein, x is the depth of the measuring magnetic ring from the ground surface; g is the acceleration of gravity; is the time difference of the electric signal generated by the adjacent two groups of calibration magnetic rings; is the time difference of the electric signal generated by the measuring magnetic ring from the last group of calibration magnetic rings; (4) The measuring head falls to the bottom of the measuring tube, triggers the motor switch, the motor lowers the electromagnet to attract the measuring head and pull up the measuring head, after the measuring head is pulled up to the position, the electromagnet is always powered on until the next timing chip controls the electromagnet to release the measuring head.

[0017] Advantages: Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following obvious advantages: The measuring head in the measuring tube performs free fall, which is easier to realize than uniform movement of the measuring head. On this basis, the time interval of the electric signal measured after the calibration magnetic ring is self-calibrated, which can realize automatic layered settlement monitoring. Through the fixed buried calibration magnetic ring, the electric signal interval generated by the calibration magnetic ring can be error corrected with the theoretical value at each measurement, so as to correct the measurement value of the measuring magnetic ring and greatly improve the measurement accuracy. Specifically, The calibration magnetic ring keeps the same buried depth, so the electric signal interval of the two groups of calibration magnetic rings measured each time has a reference theoretical calculation value. When the measuring head is lowered and starts, the error caused by the external environment can be calculated according to the electric signal time interval of the calibration magnetic ring this time. Compared with the traditional layered settlement measuring instrument, the self-calibration layered settlement measuring instrument realizes twice adjustment error, further improves the measurement accuracy, realizes real-time adjustment of error, and greatly improves the measurement accuracy by using the different time intervals of the electric signals generated by the measuring magnetic ring at different positions and the position data obtained according to the time interval. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a self-calibration layered settlement measuring instrument provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a cooperation structure schematic diagram of the measuring magnetic ring, the embedded soil anchor rod and the buckle in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 32 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wedge-shaped sleeve installed on a measuring pipe in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 1. It is a top view of the matching structure of the measuring tube and the measuring head in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a probe in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Attachment Figures 1 to 5 The reference numerals in the figures are as follows: 1. Electrical signal processor; 2. Solar photovoltaic panel; 3. Motor; 4. Electromagnet; 5. Calibration magnetic ring; 6. Wedge sleeve; 7. Measuring magnetic ring; 8. Measuring tube; 9. Measuring head; 10. Sponge; 11. Tray; 12. Spring; 13. Motor switch; 14. Wire; 15. Soil anchor rod; 16. Buckle; 17. Guide wheel; 18. Guide groove; 19. Protrusion.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a self-calibration layered settlement measuring instrument, including an electrical signal processor 1, a solar photovoltaic panel 2, a motor 3, an electromagnet 4, a measuring tube 8, a probe 9, a sponge 10, a tray 11, a spring 12 and a motor switch 13, wherein the electrical signal processor 1, the solar photovoltaic panel 2 and the motor 3 are arranged on the ground, the measuring tube 8 is arranged in a drill hole, and the sponge 10, the tray 11, the spring 12 and the motor switch 13 are arranged at the bottom of the measuring tube 8.

[0022] A set of calibration magnetic rings 5 ​​is fixed to the outside of the measuring tube 8 every 2 meters. The topmost calibration magnetic ring group has one calibration magnetic ring 5, and the remaining calibration magnetic ring groups have a number of calibration magnetic rings 5 ​​equal to the integer portion of the depth value. For example, at a depth of 2 meters, two calibration magnetic rings 5 ​​are deployed; at a depth of 4 meters, four calibration magnetic rings 5 ​​are deployed, and so on. In this embodiment, the measuring tube 8 is made of PVC, which ensures its strength and rigidity while preventing the generation of additional magnetic fields that could cause errors in the measurement results. The calibration magnetic rings 5 ​​are electroplated and coated with epoxy resin to ensure underground waterproofing and corrosion resistance.

[0023] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the inner wall of the measuring tube 8 is provided with four vertical guide grooves 18, which are evenly distributed along the circumference. The measuring head 9 is provided with a matching guide wheel 17, which enables the measuring head 9 to move vertically along the measuring tube 8 through the cooperation of the guide grooves 18 and the guide wheel 17.

[0024] like Figure 3As shown, the outside of the measuring tube 8 is provided with a wedge sleeve 6 with an inverted conical structure, which can make the measuring tube 8 enter the soil and form a "soil cutting surface", so that the soil is more easily cut and compacted, and the soil is less subjected to transverse extrusion, reducing the resistance during construction and improving the construction efficiency. When the measuring tube 8 is subjected to horizontal external force or upward pulling force, the wedge sleeve 6 can form a "soil locking effect" due to the large contact area between the wide end of the wedge sleeve 6 close to the tube body and the soil, thereby enhancing the overall uplift resistance of the measuring tube 8. And under the action of the pulling force, the surrounding soil will be further compacted, enhancing the resistance of the soil, thereby improving the stability of the position of the measuring tube 8, providing conditions for fixing the fixed buried depth of the calibration magnetic ring 5, and also can be used to fix the calibration magnetic ring 5. Specifically, the outer diameter of the wedge sleeve 6 is slightly larger than that of the measuring tube 8, so the calibration magnetic ring 5 can be placed above the wedge sleeve 6 without sliding down, and there is a protrusion 19 above the fixed position of the calibration magnetic ring 5. After the calibration magnetic ring 5 is forced to slide down from top to bottom through the protrusion 19, it will be clamped above the wedge sleeve 6.

[0025] The adjacent calibration magnetic ring groups are evenly distributed with a plurality of measuring magnetic rings 7, which are not connected with the measuring tube 8, but are fixed in the surrounding soil through the soil-embedded anchor rod 15, and the soil-embedded anchor rod 15 is arranged on the measuring magnetic ring 7 through the buckle 16, as shown. Figure 2 The soil-embedded anchor rod 15 and the buckle 16 are made of engineering plastic material.

[0026] The electromagnet 4 is located directly above the measuring tube 8 and is controlled by a timing chip to realize periodic power-on and power-off. When the electromagnet 4 is powered on, it attracts the probe 9, and when it is powered off, it releases the probe 9, so that the probe 9 makes a free-fall motion in the measuring tube 8.

[0027] The calibration magnetic ring 5 is fixed on the outside of the measuring tube 8, so that the calibrated depth is relatively fixed, thereby realizing the correction of errors for all measuring magnetic rings 7. When the probe 9 passes through two calibration magnetic rings 5 with a depth of 2m, two continuous electric signals are generated by cutting the magnetic induction lines, and when the probe 9 passes through four calibration magnetic rings 5 with a depth of 4m, four continuous electric signals are generated by cutting the magnetic induction lines. By analogy, thereby providing a basis for automatic measurement. When the probe 9 passes through the measuring magnetic ring 7, an electric signal is generated by cutting the magnetic induction lines.

[0028] The electric signal processor 1 calculates the position of the measuring magnetic ring 7 according to the interval of the electric signal time generated by the probe 9 passing through the measuring magnetic ring 7 and the calibration magnetic ring 5, and obtains the settlement of the soil body at that layer.

[0029] Sponge 10 is positioned above tray 11 to cushion the kinetic energy of the falling stylus 9 and protect it. The output of motor 3 is connected to electromagnet 4 via a rope, which is wound around the output of motor 3. When stylus 9 lands on tray 11, spring 12 compresses, and tray 11 triggers motor switch 13. Motor 3 activates, lowering electromagnet 4. Electromagnet 4 is also energized, causing it to attract stylus 9. Motor 3 then lifts stylus 9, resetting spring 12 and tray 11. Once stylus 9 is fully raised, a measurement is complete.

[0030] The solar photovoltaic panel 2 is used to collect solar energy to generate electricity during the day. The generated electricity is stored in a battery and used to power the electrical signal processor 1, the motor 3 and the electromagnet 4, ensuring that the stratified settlement measuring instrument can operate for a long time.

[0031] The present invention further provides a method for measuring the settlement of the self-calibrating layered settlement measuring instrument according to the present invention, comprising the following steps: (1) Drill a hole at the predetermined drilling point and insert the measuring magnetic ring 7; fix the calibration magnetic ring 5 on the wedge-shaped sleeve 6 on the outer wall of the measuring tube 8, and insert the measuring tube 8 into the drilled hole until it reaches the bottom of the hole; leave a wire 14 connected to the motor switch 13 to the ground, and finally seal the hole with clay (in actual drilling, in order to make it easier to put the measuring tube 8 down, the drilled hole will be significantly larger than the measuring tube 8. Sealing the hole does not block the hole of the measuring tube 8, but rather fills the gap between the drilled hole and the already placed measuring tube 8); (2) Connect the motor switch 13 to the motor 3 through the wire 14, and the electromagnet 4 attracts the probe 9; (3) The timing chip controls the electromagnet 4 to cut off the power and release the probe 9. The probe 9 performs free fall in the measuring tube 8, collects the time intervals of the electrical signals passing through different magnetic rings, and calculates the position of the measuring magnetic ring 7 according to the following formula: x= ; Where x is the depth of the measuring magnetic ring from the ground surface; g is the acceleration due to gravity; It is the time difference between two adjacent groups of calibration magnetic rings generating electrical signals; To measure the time difference of the electrical signal generated by the magnetic ring from the previous set of calibration magnetic rings; (4) The probe 9 falls to the bottom of the measuring tube 8, triggering the motor switch 13. The discharge magnet 4 under the motor 3 attracts the probe 9 and pulls up the probe 9. After it is pulled into place, the electromagnet 4 is always energized until the next time the timing chip controls the electromagnet 4 to release the probe 9.

Claims

1. A self-calibrating layered sedimentation measuring instrument, characterized in that: The device comprises an electric signal processor (1) and an electric motor (3) arranged on the ground, a measuring tube (8) arranged in a borehole, and a measuring head (9) used in conjunction with the measuring tube (8); a tray (11), a spring (12) and a motor switch (13) are arranged at the bottom of the measuring tube (8); A group of calibration magnetic rings (5) is fixed to the outside of the measuring tube (8) at every set length, the calibration magnetic ring group at the top end has one calibration magnetic ring (5), and the number of calibration magnetic rings (5) in the remaining calibration magnetic ring groups is equal to the integer part of the depth value; A plurality of measuring magnetic rings (7) are distributed at equal intervals between adjacent calibration magnetic ring groups, and the measuring magnetic rings (7) are fixed to the surrounding soil. An electromagnet (4) is provided directly above the measuring tube (8), and the output end of the motor (3) is connected to the electromagnet (4) via a rope, and the rope is wound around the output end of the motor (3). The electromagnet (4) is controlled by a timing chip to realize periodic power on and off. When the electromagnet (4) is powered on, it attracts the measuring head (9), and when the power is off, it releases the measuring head (9), so that the measuring head (9) performs free fall motion in the measuring tube (8). When the probe (9) passes through the magnetic ring, it cuts the magnetic flux lines to generate an electrical signal; the electrical signal processor (1) calculates the position of the measuring magnetic ring (7) based on the time interval between the probe (9) passing through the measuring magnetic ring (7) and the calibration magnetic ring (5) to generate the electrical signal, and obtains the settlement of the soil layer; When the probe (9) falls on the tray (11), the spring (12) is compressed, and the tray (11) triggers the motor switch (13). The motor (3) starts to lower the electromagnet (4). At the same time, the electromagnet (4) is energized, so that the electromagnet (4) attracts the probe (9). Then the motor (3) pulls up the probe (9), the spring (12) and the tray (11) are reset, and the probe (9) is pulled into place, completing a measurement.

2. The self-calibrating layered settlement measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wedge-shaped sleeve (6) with an inverted cone structure is provided on the outside of the measuring tube (8), and the calibration magnetic ring (5) is fixed by means of the wedge-shaped sleeve (6).

3. The self-calibrating layered settlement measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the calibration magnetic ring (5) is electroplated and coated with epoxy resin to achieve underground waterproofing and corrosion resistance.

4. The self-calibrating layered settlement measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring magnetic ring (7) is provided with a soil-embedded anchor rod (15) by means of a buckle (16), and the soil-embedded anchor rod (15) is embedded in the surrounding soil for fixation; the buckle (16) and the soil-embedded anchor rod (15) are made of engineering plastics.

5. The self-calibrating layered settlement measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the measuring tube (8) is provided with a vertical guide groove (18), and the measuring head (9) is provided with a matching guide wheel (17). The measuring head (9) is able to move vertically along the measuring tube (8) through the cooperation of the guide groove (18) and the guide wheel (17).

6. The self-calibrating layered settlement measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sponge (10) for buffering the kinetic energy of the measuring head (9) is provided at the bottom of the measuring tube (8) above the tray (11).

7. The self-calibrating layered settlement measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring tube (8) is made of PVC.

8. The self-calibrating layered settlement measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The set length is 2m.

9. The self-calibrating layered settlement measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a solar photovoltaic panel (2) for collecting solar energy to generate electricity during the day. The generated electricity is stored in a battery to supply power to the electric signal processor (1), the motor (3) and the electromagnet (4).

10. A settlement measurement method for a self-calibrating layered settlement measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: (1) Drill a hole at a predetermined drilling point and insert a measuring magnetic ring (7); fix the calibration magnetic ring (5) on the outer wall of the measuring tube (8), insert the measuring tube (8) into the drill hole until it reaches the bottom of the hole; reserve a wire (14) for connecting the motor switch (13) to the ground, and finally seal the hole with clay; (2) Connect the motor switch (13) and the motor (3) via the wire (14), and the electromagnet (4) attracts the probe (9); (3) The timing chip controls the electromagnet (4) to release the probe (9) when the power is turned off. The probe (9) performs free fall in the measuring tube (8) and collects the time intervals of the electrical signals passing through different magnetic rings. The position of the measuring magnetic ring (7) is calculated according to the following formula: x= ； Where x is the depth of the measuring magnetic ring from the ground surface; g is the acceleration due to gravity; It is the time difference between two adjacent groups of calibration magnetic rings generating electrical signals; To measure the time difference of the electrical signal generated by the magnetic ring from the previous set of calibration magnetic rings; (4) The probe (9) falls to the bottom of the measuring tube (8), triggering the motor switch (13). The discharge magnet (4) under the motor (3) attracts the probe (9) and pulls up the probe (9). After it is pulled into place, the electromagnet (4) is always energized until the next time the timing chip controls the electromagnet (4) to release the probe (9).

Images