Soil sampling device and sampling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil sampling device and a sampling method, and belongs to the technical field of soil sampling. In order to solve the problems of large sampling depth control error, insufficient operation stability and difficult sample taking of traditional equipment, the device adopts a three-stage cooperative control structure: adjustable limiting mechanisms are arranged on two sides of a rack, and accurate setting of the sampling depth is realized through a lead screw transmission assembly; a four-rod type positioning assembly is arranged at the bottom of the rack, and during operation, a positioning needle is inserted into a soil layer through treading operation to form stable support; the sampling cylinder adopts a bimodal separation design, is kept closed through mechanical limiting in a normal state, is unlocked through a separation mechanism driven by a bidirectional lead screw during sampling, and is matched with an elastic element to realize complete separation of a sample. According to the device, the perpendicularity of the sampling hole is ensured by using the vertical limiting mechanism and the horizontal braking mechanism; the sample removal mechanism adopts a non-destructive separation technology, so that the soil sequence structure is effectively maintained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of soil sampling, in particular to a soil sampling device and a sampling method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In soil sampling operations, the traditional sampling equipment has three technical defects: the insufficient sampling depth control precision leads to longitudinal positioning deviation of the sample, the poor equipment operation stability easily causes transverse displacement, and the sample taking link has the risk of damage or operation complexity. Specifically, the existing device lacks a reliable depth limiting mechanism in the vertical feeding process, and the operator cannot intuitively set and maintain the target sampling horizon.

[0003] The design defects of the equipment and the ground contact component easily cause vibration deviation during operation, affecting the perpendicularity of the sampling hole.

[0004] The traditional sample taking mode mostly adopts an impact or pushing structure, which may cause sample sequence disorder or container deformation. These technical bottlenecks restrict the standardization degree of soil sampling operations, especially in the geological investigation and environmental monitoring fields which require the original structure of the soil to be maintained, the technical limitations of the traditional equipment are more prominent. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to solve the problems in the prior art, such as the insufficient sampling depth control precision leading to longitudinal positioning deviation of the sample, the poor equipment operation stability easily causing transverse displacement, and the risk of damage or operation complexity in the sample taking link. Specifically, the existing device lacks a reliable depth limiting mechanism in the vertical feeding process, and the operator cannot intuitively set and maintain the target sampling horizon. The design defects of the equipment and the ground contact component easily cause vibration deviation during operation, affecting the perpendicularity of the sampling hole. The traditional sample taking mode mostly adopts an impact or pushing structure, which may cause sample sequence disorder or container deformation. These technical bottlenecks restrict the standardization degree of soil sampling operations, especially in the geological investigation and environmental monitoring fields which require the original structure of the soil to be maintained, the technical limitations of the traditional equipment are more prominent.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A soil sampling device, comprising a rack, L-shaped limiting plates are slidably installed on both sides of the rack, a connecting cross plate is fixedly installed at the top of the two L-shaped limiting plates, a rectangular shell is fixedly installed at one end of the two L-shaped limiting plates close to each other, a servo motor is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the rectangular shell, and the output shaft of the servo motor extends through the rectangular shell and is fixedly installed with a circular cover plate.

[0008] A sampling assembly is provided at the bottom of the circular cover plate, comprising a cylindrical housing and a sampling tube, and is used to collect soil samples;

[0009] A control assembly is provided inside the L-shaped limit plate, comprising a second operating block and a second screw rod, for controlling the sampling depth;

[0010] a brake assembly, disposed below the frame, comprising a support plate and a positioning pin, and used for braking the device;

[0011] The control component drives the second screw to rotate by rotating the second operating block, thereby adjusting the sampling depth. At the same time, the brake component steps on the support plate to make the positioning needle insert into the soil and contact the top of the frame to keep the device stable.

[0012] In a possible design, the sampling assembly also includes two T-shaped limit blocks slidably mounted on the top of the circular cover, the sampling cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the two T-shaped limit blocks, two symmetrical first tension springs are arranged between the top of the sampling cylinder and the bottom of the circular cover, the bottom of the sampling cylinder is flush with the bottom of the cylindrical shell, and the bottom of the cylindrical shell is inclined.

[0013] In one possible design, a discharge assembly is further included, which is disposed inside the cylindrical housing and includes a bidirectional screw and a first operating block, wherein the bidirectional screw rotatably extends through the cylindrical housing, and the first operating block is fixedly mounted on an end of the bidirectional screw;

[0014] The first operating block is rotated to drive the bidirectional screw rod to rotate, so that the rectangular block moves away from the top of the sampling tube, and the sampling tube moves upward under the tension of the first tension spring to help pour out the sampled soil.

[0015] In a possible design, the discharge assembly also includes two first slide grooves opened at the bottom of the circular cover plate, each of the first slide grooves is embedded with a first slider, and a rectangular block is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first slider, and the rectangular block is connected to the bidirectional screw rod through a thread, and the bottom of the rectangular block is provided with a right-angle limit surface corresponding to the top edge of the sampling cylinder.

[0016] In one possible design, the control component also includes a through hole opened inside the L-shaped limit plate, the second slider can be slidably installed in the through hole, the side cross plate is fixedly installed on one side of the second slider, the second screw rod can be rotatably installed at the bottom of the through hole and threaded through the second slider, and the second operating block is fixedly installed on the top of the second screw rod.

[0017] In a possible design, the side plate is provided with a transverse through hole on both sides, a convex plate is slidably installed in the through hole, a rectangular plate is fixedly installed at one end of the convex plate, a second tension spring is arranged between the rectangular plate and the side plate, the bottom end of the convex plate is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped bottom end is matched with the L-shaped block of the brake assembly.

[0018] In a possible design, the brake assembly further comprises four vertical rods slidably installed in the interior of the rack, an L-shaped block is fixedly installed at the top of the vertical rod, a support plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical rod, and a plurality of positioning needles are fixedly installed at the bottom of the support plate.

[0019] In a possible design, the device further comprises a first lead screw thread passing through the top of the rack, a hand wheel is fixedly installed at the top of the first lead screw, and the top of the rectangular shell is rotatably connected with the bottom of the first lead screw.

[0020] A soil sampling method applied to the soil sampling device, and specifically comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1, adjusting the sampling depth: rotating the second operating block, the second operating block drives the second lead screw to rotate, the second lead screw drives the second sliding block to move downward, and the second sliding block drives the side plate to move downward, and the height of the side plate is adjusted according to the depth of the soil to be sampled;

[0022] S2, fixing the device: stepping on the support plate, the support plate drives the positioning needles to move downward and insert into the soil, and at the same time, the vertical rod drives the L-shaped block to move downward, and the device is stopped when the bottom of the L-shaped block abuts against the top of the rack, so as to ensure the stability of the device;

[0023] S3, starting the servo motor: starting the servo motor, the output shaft of the servo motor drives the circular cover plate to rotate, and the circular cover plate drives the cylindrical shell and the sampling cylinder to rotate;

[0024] S4, moving the sampling cylinder downward: synchronously rotating the hand wheel, the hand wheel drives the first lead screw to rotate, the first lead screw moves downward and drives the rectangular shell and the cylindrical shell to move downward, and the cylindrical shell and the sampling cylinder are sent into the soil to sample;

[0025] S5, taking out the soil: reversely rotating the hand wheel, the cylindrical shell and the rectangular shell are moved upward through the first lead screw, the sampled soil is taken out, at the same time, the L-shaped limiting plate drives the two sampling cylinders to move upward, the sampling cylinder drives the convex plate to move upward, the convex plate drives the L-shaped block to move upward, and then drives the positioning needles and the support plate to move upward, and the positioning needles are pulled out;

[0026] S6, pour out the soil: rotate one of the first operation block, the first operation block driven by the two-way screw rod, so that the two rectangular block from the sampling cylinder top, sampling cylinder in the first spring tension under the action of the upper move, the operator through the T type limit block driven sampling cylinder up and down, help the soil pour out.

[0027] In this application, in use, the use of mobile wheel device is moved to the appropriate position, at this time the cylindrical shell alignment sampling site, according to the need for sampling soil depth, can rotate the second operation block, the second operation block driven by the second screw rod, the second screw rod driven by the second slider down, the second slider driven by the side plate down, the height of the side plate adjustment;

[0028] Because of the vertical rod and frame between the friction, the vertical rod will not fall independently, need help external force, can tread support plate, support plate driven by the positioning needle down, support plate driven by the vertical rod down, the vertical rod driven by the L type block down, the bottom of the L type block and the top of the frame is in contact, stop at this time, can be inserted into the soil inside the positioning needle to ensure the stability of the device, ensure the normal operation of the sampling process;

[0029] At this time start servo motor, servo motor output shaft driven by the circular cover plate rotation, circular cover plate driven by the cylindrical shell and sampling cylinder rotation, synchronous rotation hand wheel, hand wheel driven by the first screw rod rotation, at this time the first screw rod down, the first screw rod driven by the rectangular shell and cylindrical shell down, and then the cylindrical shell and sampling cylinder into the soil inside, realize the sampling process;

[0030] And rectangular shell in the process of down, the rectangular shell driven by the two side L type limit plate down, L type limit plate driven by the connecting plate down, connecting plate driven by the two side edge plate down, when the side edge plate down, the convex plate below is arc, convex plate and L type block when the contact, can move to the groove below the L type block, the bottom of the side edge plate and the top of the frame is in contact, at this time to reach the sampling depth, the device can not continue to move down;

[0031] The soil sampling is left in the inside of the sampling cylinder, at this time can reverse rotation hand wheel, and then through the first screw rod driven by the cylindrical shell and rectangular shell up, take out the sampling soil, at the same time L type limit plate driven by the two side sampling cylinder up, sampling cylinder driven by the convex plate up, because the top of the convex plate is a plane, at this time the convex plate driven by the L type block up, and then the L type block driven by the positioning needle and support plate up, pull out the positioning needle.

[0032] Rotate one of the first operation block, the first operation block drive two-way screw rotation, two-way screw drive two rectangular block away from each other, two rectangular block drive two first slider away from each other, when two rectangular block from the top of the sampling cylinder is removed, rectangular block is located between the gap of the cylindrical shell and the sampling cylinder, at this time the top of the sampling cylinder is no longer be resisted, sampling cylinder can be moved up under the action of the first tension spring, can be through T type limit block drive sampling cylinder up and down, in turn can help the soil out, convenient to use.

[0033] Beneficial effects:

[0034] By rotating the second operation block drive second screw rotation, in turn make the second slider drive side edge horizontal plate down, can accurately adjust the height of the side edge horizontal plate, so as to realize the accurate control of the sampling depth, meet the demand of different depth soil sampling.

[0035] Pedal support plate drive positioning needle down into the soil, while the vertical rod drive L type block down, when the bottom of L type block and the top of the rack is resisted, can effectively prevent the device from moving in the sampling process, ensure the stability of the sampling process.

[0036] Rotating the first operation block drive two-way screw rotation, make two rectangular block from the top of the sampling cylinder is removed, sampling cylinder is moved up under the action of the first tension spring, the operator can drive the sampling cylinder up and down through T type limit block, help the soil sample out smoothly, avoid the damage of traditional method to the soil sample, and the operation is simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Fig. 1 A three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a soil sampling device is proposed for the present application;

[0038] Fig. 2 A three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a soil sampling device is proposed for the present application;

[0039] Fig. 3 A three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a soil sampling device is proposed for the present application;

[0040] Fig. 4 A three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a soil sampling device is proposed for the present application;

[0041] Fig. 5 A three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a soil sampling device is proposed for the present application;

[0042] Fig. 6 A three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a soil sampling device is proposed for the present application;

[0043] In the figure: 1, rack; 2, cylindrical shell; 3, moving wheel; 4, support plate; 5, first screw rod; 6, hand wheel; 7, side horizontal plate; 8, connecting horizontal plate; 9, positioning needle; 10, circular cover plate; 11, rectangular shell; 12, servo motor; 13, first operating block; 14, T-shaped limiting block; 15, bidirectional screw rod; 16, first tension spring; 17, sampling cylinder; 18, rectangular block; 19, first sliding block; 20, first sliding groove; 21, vertical rod; 22, first let go hole; 23, second tension spring; 24, rectangular plate; 25, second sliding block; 26, through hole; 27, second screw rod; 28, L-shaped limiting plate; 29, protruding plate; 30, second let go hole; 31, second operating block; 32, L-shaped block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0045] In an embodiment, referring to Figs. 1-6 A sampling device, which comprises a device body of a rack 1, longitudinal sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rack 1, and L-shaped limiting plates 28 are vertically and slidably connected to the rack 1 by being embedded in the sliding grooves through sliding blocks. The top portions of the two L-shaped limiting plates 28 are fixedly connected to a horizontally extending connecting horizontal plate 8 through bolts, and the center of the connecting horizontal plate 8 is provided with a second let go hole 30. The inner side end faces of the two L-shaped limiting plates 28 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of a rectangular shell 11 through welding, the inner wall of the bottom portion of the rectangular shell 11 is provided with a servo motor 12 through bolts, and the output shaft of the servo motor 12 is connected to the center hole of a circular cover plate 10 through a sealing bearing after penetrating through the top portion of the rectangular shell 11. The bottom portion of the circular cover plate 10 is welded to a cylindrical shell 2, the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell 2 is provided with an inclined surface, and the bottom plane of the cylindrical shell 2 is flush with the bottom plane of a sampling cylinder 17.

[0046] The sampling assembly comprises two T-shaped limiting blocks 14 which are slidably penetrated through the circular cover plate 10 through T-shaped grooves, and the bottom portions of the two T-shaped limiting blocks 14 are fixedly connected to the sampling cylinder 17 through threads. The outer wall of the sampling cylinder 17 is matched with the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 2 with a gap of 0.5 mm, two first tension springs 16 are symmetrically arranged between the top portion of the sampling cylinder 17 and the bottom portion of the circular cover plate 10, and the two ends of each first tension spring 16 are respectively connected to the top portion of the sampling cylinder 17 and the bottom portion of the circular cover plate 10 through lugs.

[0047] The discharge assembly is composed of a bidirectional screw rod 15 penetrating through the two side walls of the cylindrical shell 2, the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod 15 are fixed to the outer wall of the cylindrical shell 2 through bearing seats, and the end of the bidirectional screw rod 15 is welded with a first operation block 13. Two transverse first sliding grooves 20 are formed in the bottom of the circular cover plate 10, a first sliding block 19 is embedded in each first sliding groove 20, and the bottom of the first sliding block 19 is fixed with a rectangular block 18 through bolts. The bidirectional screw rod 15 adopts a trapezoidal thread structure, and the two rectangular blocks 18 are respectively connected with the bidirectional screw rod 15 through positive and reverse thread holes to form a spiral transmission, and a right-angle limiting surface corresponding to the top edge of the sampling cylinder 17 is arranged at the bottom of the rectangular block 18.

[0048] The control assembly is provided with a through hole 26 in the vertical section of the L-shaped limiting plate 28, a second sliding block 25 is embedded in the through hole 26, and the outer wall of the second sliding block 25 is connected with the end of the side edge horizontal plate 7 through welding. A second screw rod 27 is installed at the bottom of the through hole 26 through a bearing, the top of the second screw rod 27 penetrates through the second sliding block 25 through a threaded hole, and the top end of the second screw rod 27 is welded with a second operation block 31 after penetrating through the connecting horizontal plate 8. Transverse through holes 26 are symmetrically formed on both sides of the side edge horizontal plate 7, a lug plate 29 is embedded in each through hole 26, a rectangular plate 24 is fixed on the end of the lug plate 29 through bolts, a second tension spring 23 is installed between the outer wall of the rectangular plate 24 and the side edge horizontal plate 7, and a 15° arc transition surface is arranged at the bottom front end of the lug plate 29.

[0049] A soil sampling method applied to the soil sampling device, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1, adjusting the sampling depth: rotating the second operation block 31, the second operation block 31 drives the second screw rod 27 to rotate, the second screw rod 27 drives the second sliding block 25 to move downward, the second sliding block 25 drives the side edge horizontal plate 7 to move downward, and the height of the side edge horizontal plate 7 is adjusted according to the depth of the soil to be sampled;

[0051] S2, fixing the device: stepping on the supporting plate 4, the supporting plate 4 drives the positioning needle 9 to move downward and insert into the soil, at the same time, the vertical rod 21 drives the L-shaped block 32 to move downward, and when the bottom of the L-shaped block 32 abuts against the top of the rack 1, the device is stopped to ensure the stability of the device;

[0052] S3, starting the servo motor 12: starting the servo motor 12, the output shaft of the servo motor 12 drives the circular cover plate 10 to rotate, and the circular cover plate 10 drives the cylindrical shell 2 and the sampling cylinder 17 to rotate;

[0053] S4, moving the sampling cylinder 17 downward: rotating the hand wheel 6 synchronously, the hand wheel 6 drives the first screw rod 5 to rotate, the first screw rod 5 moves downward to drive the rectangular shell 11 and the cylindrical shell 2 to move downward, and the cylindrical shell 2 and the sampling cylinder 17 are sent into the soil to sample;

[0054] S5, take out the soil: reverse rotation hand wheel 6, through the first lead screw 5 drive cylindrical shell 2 and rectangular shell 11 up, take out the soil sample. At the same time, L-shaped limiting plate 28 drives both sides of the sampling cylinder 17 up, sampling cylinder 17 drives the tab 29 up, the tab 29 drives the L-shaped block 32 up, and then drives the positioning needle 9 and the support plate 4 up, the positioning needle 9 is pulled out;

[0055] S6, pour out the soil: rotate one of the first operation blocks 13, the first operation block 13 drives the bidirectional lead screw 15 to rotate, so that the two rectangular blocks 18 move away from the top of the sampling cylinder 17, the sampling cylinder 17 moves up under the action of the first tension spring 16, the operator moves the sampling cylinder 17 up and down through the T-shaped limiting block 14, and helps the sampled soil to be poured out.

[0056] The present application can be used in the field of soil sampling, and can also be used in other fields applicable to the present application.

[0057] In another embodiment; refer Figs. 1-6 A soil sampling device is used in the field of soil sampling, and the brake assembly includes four vertical rods 21, which are slid through the four corners of the rack 1 through linear bearings, and the top of the vertical rod 21 is welded with an L-shaped block 32, and the bottom of the four vertical rods 21 is fixedly connected with the support plate 4 through bolts. The bottom of the support plate 4 is evenly arranged with ten conical positioning needles 9, and a first clearance hole 22 is formed in the center of the support plate 4, and the diameter of the first clearance hole 22 is 5mm larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical shell 2.

[0058] The device operation process includes: after moving the rack 1 to the sampling point through the moving wheel 3, rotating the second operation block 31 to drive the second lead screw 27 to rotate, so that the second sliding block 25 drives the side plate 7 to move vertically to the preset sampling depth mark. The operator steps on the support plate 4 to make the positioning needle 9 inserted into the soil, and the vertical rod 21 drives the L-shaped block 32 to move down until it contacts the top of the rack 1. Start the servo motor 12 to drive the cylindrical shell 2 to rotate, and synchronously rotate the hand wheel 6 to drive the first lead screw 5 to rotate, and the first lead screw 5 drives the rectangular shell 11 to move vertically downward through the spiral transmission. When it contacts the top surface of the rack 1, the convex plate 29 is in contact with the inclined surface of the L-shaped block 32 to produce lateral displacement, and then the flat surface of the convex plate 29 is in contact with the bottom surface of the L-shaped block 32 to form mechanical limiting. After sampling is completed, reverse rotation hand wheel 6 lifts the device, the flat surface of the convex plate 29 drives the L-shaped block 32 to move up, so that the positioning needle 9 automatically separates from the soil. Finally, rotate the first operation block 13 to drive the bidirectional lead screw 15, so that the rectangular block 18 exits the top of the sampling cylinder 17, and the sampling cylinder 17 moves up under the action of the first tension spring 16, and the soil sample is completely removed through the lifting T-shaped limiting block 14.

[0059] The device achieves precise adjustment of the sampling depth through a screw transmission mechanism. The positioning needle 9 and the frame 1 form a dual braking system. The bidirectional limit structure of the sampling tube 17 ensures the stability of the sampling process. The demoulding mechanism adopts a mechanical linkage design, which effectively solves the technical problems of traditional sampling devices such as inaccurate depth control, poor operation stability, and difficulty in sample removal.

[0060] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principle and wiring method of the servo motor 12 are commonplace, and are conventional means or common knowledge, and will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art can make any selection according to their needs or convenience.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device, characterized in that: include: A frame (1), L-shaped limit plates (28) are slidably mounted on both sides of the frame (1), a connecting horizontal plate (8) is fixedly mounted on the tops of the two L-shaped limit plates (28), a rectangular housing (11) is fixedly mounted on one end of the two L-shaped limit plates (28) close to each other, a servo motor (12) is fixedly mounted on the bottom inner wall of the rectangular housing (11), and an output shaft of the servo motor (12) rotatably extends through the rectangular housing (11) and is fixedly mounted with a circular cover plate (10); A sampling assembly is arranged at the bottom of the circular cover plate (10), comprising a cylindrical housing (2) and a sampling tube (17), and is used for collecting soil samples; A control assembly is arranged inside the L-shaped limit plate (28), comprising a second operating block (31) and a second screw rod (27), and is used to control the sampling depth; A brake assembly is arranged below the frame (1), comprising a support plate (4) and a positioning pin (9), and is used to brake the device; The control component drives the second screw rod (27) to rotate by rotating the second operating block (31), thereby adjusting the sampling depth. At the same time, the brake component causes the positioning needle (9) to be inserted into the soil and to contact the top of the frame (1) by stepping on the support plate (4), thereby maintaining the stability of the device.

2. The soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The sampling assembly further comprises two T-shaped limit blocks (14) slidably mounted on the top of the circular cover (10), the sampling cylinder (17) being fixedly mounted on the bottom of the two T-shaped limit blocks (14), two symmetrical first tension springs (16) being arranged between the top of the sampling cylinder (17) and the bottom of the circular cover (10), the bottom of the sampling cylinder (17) being flush with the bottom of the cylindrical shell (2), and the bottom of the cylindrical shell (2) being arranged at an angle.

3. The soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a discharge assembly, which is arranged inside the cylindrical shell (2) and includes a bidirectional screw rod (15) and a first operating block (13). The bidirectional screw rod (15) is rotatably extended through the cylindrical shell (2), and the first operating block (13) is fixedly mounted on the end of the bidirectional screw rod (15).

4. The soil sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The discharge assembly also includes two first chutes (20) opened at the bottom of the circular cover (10), each of the first chutes (20) is embedded with a first slider (19), and a rectangular block (18) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first slider (19), and the rectangular block (18) is connected to the bidirectional screw rod (15) through a thread, and the bottom of the rectangular block (18) is provided with a right-angle limit surface corresponding to the top edge of the sampling cylinder (17).

5. The soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control assembly further comprises a through hole (26) and a second slider (25) provided inside the L-shaped limiting plate (28); the second slider (25) is slidably mounted in the through hole (26); the side transverse plate (7) is fixedly mounted on one side of the second slider (25); the second screw rod (27) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the through hole (26) and is threadedly passed through the second slider (25); and the second operating block (31) is fixedly mounted on the top of the second screw rod (27).

6. The soil sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both sides of the side transverse plate (7) are provided with mounting holes, the convex plate (29) can be slidably installed in the mounting holes, the rectangular plate (24) is fixedly installed on one end of the convex plate (29), the second tension spring (23) is arranged between the rectangular plate (24) and the side transverse plate (7), the bottom front end of the convex plate (29) is arranged in an arc shape, and is used in conjunction with the L-shaped block (32) of the brake assembly.

7. The soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake assembly further comprises four vertical rods (21) slidably mounted inside the frame (1), an L-shaped block (32) fixedly mounted on the top of the vertical rod (21), a support plate (4) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the vertical rod (21), a plurality of positioning pins (9) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the support plate (4), and a first clearance hole (22) for making way for the cylindrical shell (2) is opened in the middle of the support plate (4).

8. The soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a first screw rod (5) threadedly passing through the top of the frame (1), a hand wheel (6) fixedly mounted on the top of the first screw rod (5), a top of the rectangular housing (11) rotatably connected to the bottom of the first screw rod (5), movable wheels (3) fixedly mounted at the four corners of the bottom of the frame (1), and a second clearance hole (30) for making way for the first screw rod (5) is opened in the middle of the connecting cross plate (8).

9. A soil sampling method, applied to a soil sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Adjusting the sampling depth: rotating the second operating block (31), the second operating block (31) drives the second screw rod (27) to rotate, the second screw rod (27) drives the second slider (25) to move downward, the second slider (25) drives the side horizontal plate (7) to move downward, and the height of the side horizontal plate (7) is adjusted according to the soil depth to be sampled; S2, fixing device: step on the support plate (4), the support plate (4) drives the positioning pin (9) to move downward and insert into the soil, and at the same time the vertical rod (21) drives the L-shaped block (32) to move downward, and stops when the bottom of the L-shaped block (32) contacts the top of the frame (1), ensuring the stability of the device; S3, starting the servo motor (12): starting the servo motor (12), the output shaft of the servo motor (12) drives the circular cover (10) to rotate, and the circular cover (10) drives the cylindrical housing (2) and the sampling tube (17) to rotate; S4. Moving the sampling tube (17) downward: synchronously rotating the hand wheel (6), the hand wheel (6) drives the first screw rod (5) to rotate, the first screw rod (5) moves downward, driving the rectangular housing (11) and the cylindrical housing (2) to move downward, and sending the cylindrical housing (2) and the sampling tube (17) into the soil for sampling; S5. Remove the soil: Rotate the hand wheel (6) in the opposite direction, and drive the cylindrical housing (2) and the rectangular housing (11) upward through the first screw rod (5) to remove the sampled soil. At the same time, the L-shaped limit plate (28) drives the sampling tubes (17) on both sides to move upward, the sampling tube (17) drives the convex plate (29) to move upward, and the convex plate (29) drives the L-shaped block (32) to move upward, thereby driving the positioning needle (9) and the support plate (4) to move upward, and pulling out the positioning needle (9); S6. Pour out the soil: rotate one of the first operating blocks (13), the first operating block (13) drives the bidirectional screw rod (15) to rotate, so that the two rectangular blocks (18) are moved away from the top of the sampling tube (17), and the sampling tube (17) moves upward under the tension of the first tension spring (16). The operator drives the sampling tube (17) up and down through the T-shaped limit block (14) to help pour out the sampled soil.

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