A spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function

Abstract

This invention relates to a spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function, belonging to the field of signal testing. The spectrum analyzer includes a display and control screen, a main control board, an RF module, a digital signal processing module, and an intelligent signal analysis module. The main control board is connected to the RF module, the digital signal processing module, the intelligent signal analysis module, and the display and control screen. The RF module is connected to the digital signal processing module and the intelligent signal analysis module, and the digital signal processing module is connected to the intelligent signal analysis module. This invention overlays signal modulation pattern information, including the signal modulation pattern and signal characteristics, onto the signal spectrum, enabling testers to clearly understand the type of the monitored signal. This solves the problems of traditional spectrum analyzers lacking the function of displaying signal patterns and signal characteristics in the spectrum, and the need for specialized instruments or equipment for signal type analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of signal testing, and more particularly to a spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function. Background Technology

[0002] Spectrum analyzers are widely used test and measurement instruments in the electronics industry. They can display the signal spectrum within a set frequency range, showing the presence of a signal in spectral form, along with information such as signal frequency and amplitude, providing users with reference information. Traditional spectrum analyzers can only display the spectrum, determining the presence of a signal through spectral intensity and changes, but they lack the ability to display signal type and pattern. What signals are present in the spectrum and what their form is requires measurement using other instruments. To analyze signal type and characteristics, in addition to using a spectrum analyzer, signal analyzers or dedicated signal acquisition equipment are also needed for further analysis, increasing the cost and workload of signal analysis.

[0003] To quickly obtain the type and modulation pattern of a measured signal, a common method is to test the signal using a vector signal analyzer. Specifically, the analyzer selects a specific signal pattern, inputs relevant parameters, connects the signal to be tested, and analyzes the signal. The modulation pattern is determined by whether demodulation is possible. During testing, different signal patterns need to be simulated and tested one by one to determine the modulation pattern of the selected signal. However, this method cannot simultaneously perform signal spectrum analysis and obtain the modulation pattern of the signal of interest in real time. To accurately obtain the modulation pattern, a spectrum search is first performed to obtain the signal's frequency and other relevant information; then, the analyzer switches to modulation pattern recognition mode, inputs relevant signal parameters, and identifies the modulation pattern. The entire measurement process is time-consuming and cumbersome. Furthermore, it can only display signal spectrum information and lacks the ability to simultaneously display the electromagnetic spectrum and signal modulation pattern. Because the spectrum analyzer does not have automatic online signal analysis capabilities, it cannot indicate the signal type, modulation pattern, and other parameter characteristics of the electromagnetic signal on the spectrum. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function, thus solving the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function, the spectrum analyzer comprising a display and control screen, a main control board, an radio frequency module, a digital signal processing module, and an intelligent signal analysis module;

[0006] The display and control screen is used to provide users with an information interaction interface and to display spectrum measurement results, dynamic spectrum diagrams, and signal identification type information.

[0007] The main control board is used to receive input control commands, control the internal radio frequency module, digital signal processing module and intelligent signal analysis module of the spectrum analyzer, receive signal parameters and spectrum data transmitted from the radio frequency module, digital signal processing module and intelligent signal analysis module, process and display various data, control the display screen to display the interactive interface, receive interface operation commands, and display spectrum results and signal recognition results.

[0008] The radio frequency module is used to generate a local oscillator signal to complete the frequency conversion processing of external input signals, convert the radio frequency signal into an intermediate frequency signal that can be acquired and processed by the digital signal module, and connect to an external reference signal or output a reference signal.

[0009] The digital signal processing module is used to receive the intermediate frequency signal output from the radio frequency module, perform acquisition and processing, digital frequency conversion processing, spectrum analysis processing, and signal testing and analysis, and output the extracted baseband digital IQ data, spectrum data, and analysis parameters to the main control board and intelligent signal analysis module to complete basic spectrum analysis.

[0010] The intelligent signal analysis module is used to receive baseband digital IQ data output by the digital signal processing module, combine the received signal parameters, perform intelligent signal analysis and recognition processing on the data, analyze and identify the signal type and modulation method, and output the signal type and modulation method identification results to the main control board.

[0011] The intelligent signal analysis module includes a signal time-domain detection software module, a signal frequency-domain detection software module, a signal time-frequency processing software module, and a signal pattern recognition software module;

[0012] The signal time-domain detection software module and the signal frequency-domain detection software module use time-domain and frequency-domain methods to detect signals, respectively, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio signal detection probability and reducing the false alarm rate of signal detection, and performing judgment on continuous wave signals and pulse signals;

[0013] After detecting the signal, the signal time-frequency processing software module selects the data segment length according to the determined pulse or continuous wave signal type, and transforms the digital IQ signal into a time-frequency graph through short-time Fourier transform and wavelet transform processing.

[0014] The signal pattern recognition software module uses a trained neural network to analyze and identify the time-frequency graph and determine the signal pattern.

[0015] The radio frequency module includes a frequency source, which outputs local oscillator signals to provide the required one local oscillator L01, two local oscillators L02, and three local oscillators L03 for the entire frequency conversion channel; by controlling the frequency output of the three local oscillator signals, the frequency range of the received frequency signals is changed, thereby enabling spectrum and signal analysis of all signals within the operating frequency range;

[0016] The frequency conversion channel receives external radio frequency signals that require spectrum analysis, performs down-conversion processing using three local oscillator signals provided by the frequency source, and outputs intermediate frequency signals, thus realizing the function of converting radio frequency signals into intermediate frequency signals.

[0017] The digital signal processing module includes an ADC, a signal spectrum analysis module, and a signal level analysis module;

[0018] The ADC acquires the intermediate frequency signal output from the frequency conversion channel, performs digital down-conversion processing in the data processing module, and outputs baseband digital IQ data.

[0019] The signal spectrum analysis module receives baseband digital IQ data, performs fast Fourier transform processing, calculates and obtains the spectrum information of the baseband digital IQ data, performs spectrum processing operations, and outputs spectrum analysis data.

[0020] The signal level analysis module receives baseband digital IQ data, performs signal amplitude analysis, and outputs signal level data through sampling detection, average detection, effective detection, and peak detection.

[0021] The main control board includes a measurement signal fusion module, a display interface drawing module, and a video display module;

[0022] The measurement signal fusion module receives spectrum analysis data, signal level data, and signal pattern data. It performs signal fusion and pairing processing based on the timestamps of each data point to realize spectrum splicing and annotation functions, identify the spectral position of the signal pattern, annotate the signal pattern, and output spectrum plotting information.

[0023] The display interface drawing module receives spectrum drawing information, calls the corresponding controls to draw graphics and label parameters according to the content to be displayed on the screen, and draws the corresponding operation menu, status display bar and information bar according to the device control functions.

[0024] The video display module completes the display control of the display screen based on the information output by the display interface drawing module, displays the spectrum of the monitored signal to the user, marks the signal pattern at the spectrum position where the signal pattern is identified, and receives control commands according to the operation of the display screen.

[0025] The spectrum analyzer also includes a power module and an external interface; the power module includes a DC-to-DC voltage converter connected to the battery module, which filters, regulates and shunts the DC power input from the external battery, providing DC power to the internal radio frequency module, digital signal processing module and intelligent signal analysis module of the spectrum analyzer, and also has overvoltage, overcurrent and short circuit protection functions.

[0026] The external interfaces include a network port, a USB interface (a serial bus standard), an RF input interface, a reference signal input interface, a reference signal output interface, a trigger interface, a DC input interface, and a switch interface.

[0027] The present invention has the following advantages: a spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function overlays signal modulation pattern information, including signal modulation pattern, signal characteristics, etc., onto the signal spectrum diagram, so that testers can clearly understand the type of the monitored signal, and solves the problems that traditional spectrum analyzers do not have the function of displaying signal patterns and signal characteristics in the spectrum, and that special instruments or special equipment are required to perform signal type analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent signal analysis module;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, this invention specifically relates to a spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function, comprising a display and control screen, a main control board, an RF module, a digital signal processing module, an intelligent signal analysis module, a power supply module, external interfaces, a chassis, and accessories. Compared to other conventional spectrum analyzers, this spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function includes an intelligent signal analysis module. This module uses intelligent signal processing algorithms to identify the signal pattern of baseband signal data transmitted from the RF module components, analyze the signal type, correlate the analysis results with the spectrum, and display them on the display and control screen. This allows the tester to clearly understand what signal and what pattern is present at the location of the signal in the spectrum. The modules in the diagram are connected by lines representing power, electromagnetic signals, and digital signals, respectively.

[0033] Furthermore, the display screen adopts a high-resolution touch LCD screen, providing users with an information interaction interface for operation and control, and displaying information such as spectrum measurement results, dynamic spectrum diagrams, and signal identification types.

[0034] The main control board uses a high-performance, low-power CPU processing board and has complete interfaces such as network port, serial port, and video port. It mainly receives input control commands and controls the internal RF module, digital signal processing module, and intelligent signal analysis module of the spectrum analyzer; it receives signal parameters and spectrum data transmitted from the RF module, digital signal processing module, and intelligent signal analysis module, processes and displays various data; it controls the display screen, displays the interactive interface, receives interface operation commands, and displays spectrum results, signal recognition results, etc.

[0035] The RF module employs a high dynamic range, wide bandwidth, and low noise frequency conversion module to down-convert the input signal, transforming it into an intermediate frequency signal that the digital signal processing module can acquire and process. The RF module has a built-in frequency source that generates a local oscillator signal to complete the frequency conversion processing of the external input signal. The RF module can be connected to an external reference signal or output a reference signal to meet the requirements of signal coherent processing and analysis.

[0036] The digital signal processing module uses a high-performance ADC and FPGA processing board to receive the intermediate frequency signal output from the RF module, and performs acquisition processing, digital frequency conversion processing, spectrum analysis processing, signal test analysis processing, etc. It can output extracted baseband digital IQ data, spectrum data, analysis parameters, etc. to the main control board and intelligent signal analysis module to complete the basic spectrum analyzer analysis function. In the IQ data, I represents the in-phase component and Q represents the quadrature component, which is used to realize the amplitude and phase modulation of the signal.

[0037] The intelligent signal analysis module uses a high-performance embedded GPU board to receive baseband digital IQ data output by the digital signal processing module. Combined with the received signal parameters, it uses intelligent signal processing methods to perform intelligent signal analysis and recognition processing on the data, analyzes and identifies the signal type and modulation method, forms the signal type and modulation method identification results, and outputs them to the main control board.

[0038] The power module employs a high-stability DC-to-DC voltage converter to filter, regulate, and shunt the DC power input from external sources and the battery. This provides a stable and reliable DC power supply to the internal RF module, digital signal processing module, and intelligent signal analysis module of the spectrum analyzer. It also features overvoltage, overcurrent, and short-circuit protection. The power module connects to the battery module, allowing it to charge the battery or power the entire spectrum analyzer using the battery as a power source.

[0039] External interfaces include: network port, USB port, HDMI video port, measurement RF input port, reference signal input port, reference signal output port, trigger port, DC input port, switch port, etc.

[0040] The equipment chassis and accessories include chassis back panel, power adapter, RF cable, carrying case, etc.

[0041] Furthermore, signal type and modulation pattern recognition requires significant computing power. To meet the demands of complex signal and data processing calculations, the intelligent signal analysis module utilizes an embedded GPU module with a PXIe interface. Leveraging the GPU's many-core parallel computing capabilities, the module accelerates the calculation of signal type and modulation pattern recognition. An NVMe solid-state drive is installed on the intelligent signal analysis module to meet the data storage needs of some applications.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the intelligent signal analysis module adopts a low-power ARM+GPU processor architecture, runs a 64-bit Ubuntu OS operating system, uses the programming interface provided by CUDA Toolkit, and primarily employs C / C++ and Python as programming languages. It also references high-performance computing libraries such as OpenBLAS, cuBLAS, cu Fast Fourier Transform, and cuDNN. Within the intelligent signal analysis module, software modules for signal time-domain detection, signal frequency-domain detection, signal time-frequency processing, and signal pattern recognition are designed to implement functions such as signal modulation pattern recognition.

[0043] The signal time-domain detection software module and the signal frequency-domain detection software module use time-domain and frequency-domain methods to detect signals, respectively, to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) signal detection probability and reduce the false alarm rate, and to distinguish between continuous wave signals and pulse signals. After the signal is detected, the signal time-frequency processing software module selects the data segment length according to the judged pulse or continuous wave signal type, and transforms the digital IQ signal into a time-frequency graph through processing such as short-time Fourier transform and wavelet transform. In the signal pattern recognition software module, a trained neural network is used to analyze and recognize the time-frequency graph to determine the signal pattern.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the working process of the spectrum analysis and modulation pattern display functions of this invention is as follows:

[0045] Step 1: The frequency source of the RF module is a high-stability crystal oscillator, which provides a reference signal and outputs local oscillator signals, providing the necessary one-oscillator (LO1), two-oscillator (LO2), and three-oscillator (LO3) signals for the entire frequency conversion channel. By controlling the frequency output of the three local oscillator signals, the frequency range of the received RF signal is changed, enabling the function of spectrum and signal analysis of all signals within the operating frequency range.

[0046] Step 2: The frequency conversion channel of the RF module receives the external RF signal that needs to be analyzed for spectrum. It performs down-conversion processing through the three local oscillator signals LO1, LO2, and LO3 provided by the frequency source, and outputs the intermediate frequency signal, thus realizing the function of converting the RF signal into an intermediate frequency signal.

[0047] Step 3: The ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) of the digital signal processing module acquires the intermediate frequency signal output from the frequency conversion channel, performs digital down-conversion processing in the data processing module, and outputs baseband digital IQ data to provide digital signals for subsequent spectrum analysis and signal modulation pattern analysis.

[0048] Step 4: The signal spectrum analysis module of the digital signal processing module receives the baseband digital IQ data, performs fast Fourier transform processing, calculates and obtains the spectrum information of the baseband digital IQ data, and performs spectrum processing operations by combining clearing, writing, averaging, maximum hold, minimum hold, etc., and outputs spectrum analysis data.

[0049] Step 5: The signal level analysis module of the digital signal processing module receives the baseband digital IQ data, performs signal amplitude analysis, and outputs signal level data through sampling detection, average detection, effective detection, peak detection, and other processing.

[0050] Step 6: The intelligent signal analysis module receives baseband digital IQ data, performs signal pattern analysis, and uses intelligent signal analysis processing algorithms to identify pulse signals, continuous wave signals, and conventional analog modulation and digital modulation patterns, and outputs signal pattern data.

[0051] Step 7: The measurement signal fusion module of the main control board receives spectrum analysis data, signal level data, and signal pattern data. It performs signal fusion and pairing processing based on the timestamps of each data point to realize spectrum splicing and annotation functions. It annotates the signal pattern at the spectrum position where the signal pattern is identified and outputs spectrum plotting information.

[0052] Step 8: The main control board's display interface drawing module receives the spectrum drawing information, calls the corresponding controls to draw graphics and label parameters according to the content to be displayed on the screen; at the same time, it draws the corresponding operation menu, status display bar, information bar and other information according to the device control functions.

[0053] Step 9: The video display module of the main control board completes the display control of the display screen according to the information output by the display interface drawing module, displays the spectrum of the monitored signal to the user, marks the signal pattern at the spectrum position of the identified signal pattern, and receives control commands according to the operation of the display screen.

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and improvements, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function, characterized in that: The spectrum analyzer includes a display and control screen, a main control board, an RF module, a digital signal processing module, and an intelligent signal analysis module; The display and control screen is used to provide users with an information interaction interface and to display spectrum measurement results, dynamic spectrum diagrams, and signal identification type information. The main control board is used to receive input control commands, control the internal radio frequency module, digital signal processing module and intelligent signal analysis module of the spectrum analyzer, receive signal parameters and spectrum data transmitted from the radio frequency module, digital signal processing module and intelligent signal analysis module, process and display various data, control the display screen to display the interactive interface, receive interface operation commands, and display spectrum results and signal recognition results. The radio frequency module is used to generate a local oscillator signal to complete the frequency conversion processing of external input signals, convert the radio frequency signal into an intermediate frequency signal that can be acquired and processed by the digital signal module, and connect to an external reference signal or output a reference signal. The digital signal processing module is used to receive the intermediate frequency signal output by the radio frequency module, perform acquisition and processing, digital frequency conversion processing, spectrum analysis processing, and signal testing and analysis, and output the extracted baseband digital IQ data, spectrum data, and analysis parameters to the main control board and intelligent signal analysis module to complete the spectrum analysis. The intelligent signal analysis module is used to receive baseband digital IQ data output by the digital signal processing module, combine the received signal parameters, perform intelligent signal analysis and recognition processing on the data, analyze and identify the signal type and modulation method, and output the signal type and modulation method identification results to the main control board. The intelligent signal analysis module includes a signal time-domain detection software module, a signal frequency-domain detection software module, a signal time-frequency processing software module, and a signal pattern recognition software module; The signal time-domain detection software module and the signal frequency-domain detection software module use time-domain and frequency-domain methods to detect signals, respectively, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio signal detection probability and reducing the false alarm rate of signal detection, and performing judgment on continuous wave signals and pulse signals; After detecting the signal, the signal time-frequency processing software module selects the data segment length according to the determined pulse or continuous wave signal type, and transforms the digital IQ signal into a time-frequency graph through short-time Fourier transform and wavelet transform processing. The signal pattern recognition software module uses a trained neural network to analyze and identify the time-frequency graph and determine the signal pattern.

2. A spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency module includes a frequency source, which outputs local oscillator signals to provide the required one local oscillator L01, two local oscillators L02, and three local oscillators L03 for the entire frequency conversion channel; by controlling the frequency output of the three local oscillator signals, the frequency range of the received frequency signals is changed, thereby enabling spectrum and signal analysis of all signals within the operating frequency range; The frequency conversion channel receives external radio frequency signals that require spectrum analysis, performs down-conversion processing using three local oscillator signals provided by the frequency source, and outputs intermediate frequency signals, thus realizing the function of converting radio frequency signals into intermediate frequency signals.

3. A spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital signal processing module includes an ADC, a data processing module, a signal spectrum analysis module, and a signal level analysis module; The ADC, or analog-to-digital converter, acquires the intermediate frequency signal output from the frequency conversion channel, performs digital down-conversion processing in the data processing module, and outputs baseband digital IQ data. The signal spectrum analysis module receives baseband digital IQ data, performs fast Fourier transform processing, calculates and obtains the spectrum information of the baseband digital IQ data, performs spectrum processing operations, and outputs spectrum analysis data. The signal level analysis module receives baseband digital IQ data, performs signal amplitude analysis, and outputs signal level data through sampling detection, average detection, effective detection, and peak detection.

4. A spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control board includes a measurement signal fusion module, a display interface drawing module, and a video display module; The measurement signal fusion module receives spectrum analysis data, signal level data, and signal pattern data. It performs signal fusion and pairing processing based on the timestamps of each data point to realize spectrum splicing and annotation functions, identify the spectral position of the signal pattern, annotate the signal pattern, and output spectrum plotting information. The display interface drawing module receives spectrum drawing information, calls the corresponding controls to draw graphics and label parameters according to the content to be displayed on the screen, and draws the corresponding operation menu, status display bar and information bar according to the device control functions. The video display module completes the display control of the display screen based on the information output by the display interface drawing module, displays the spectrum of the monitored signal to the user, marks the signal pattern at the spectrum position where the signal pattern is identified, and receives control commands according to the operation of the display screen.

5. A spectrum analyzer with signal modulation pattern display function according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The spectrum analyzer also includes a power module and an external interface; the power module includes a DC-to-DC voltage converter connected to the battery module, which filters, regulates and shunts the DC power input from the external battery, providing DC power to the internal radio frequency module, digital signal processing module and intelligent signal analysis module of the spectrum analyzer, and also has overvoltage, overcurrent and short circuit protection functions. The external interfaces include a network port, a USB port, an RF input port, a reference signal input port, a reference signal output port, a trigger port, a DC input port, and a switch port.

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