Transformer station high-voltage isolation switch fault monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer substation high-voltage isolation switch fault monitoring system, which comprises a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data fusion module, a fault diagnosis early warning module and a remote control module, and relates to the technical field of power system monitoring. According to the transformer station high-voltage isolation switch fault monitoring system, the operation data of a high-voltage isolation switch is collected in real time, and the data fusion module is used for capturing the image data of the opening and closing state of a contact in real time and determining the contact condition of the switch according to the laser receiving and transmitting condition; according to the invention, various data are extracted to gradually analyze and establish a change model of environmental factors and current, the change model is compared with a set parameter threshold to determine a fault result, and association of various data is realized, so that a generated fault condition can be more accurately known, a strategy is matched for processing, and the accuracy and timeliness of a fault monitoring system are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power system monitoring, in particular to a fault monitoring system for high-voltage disconnectors in a substation. BACKGROUND

[0002] The high-voltage disconnector in a substation is one of the important devices in the power system, and its normal operation is crucial to ensuring the safety and stability of the power system.

[0003] Referring to the patent entitled "Fault Monitoring System for Substation Disconnector" (Patent Publication No. CN118937987A, Patent Publication Date: 2024-11-12), it includes a data acquisition module, an environmental interference detection module, a data fusion module, a fault prediction module, and a dynamic threshold adjustment module. The data acquisition module collects the operating parameters of the substation disconnector through multiple redundant sensors, including current, voltage, temperature, and vibration signals, and transmits the collected data to the data processing unit in real time. The Kalman filter is used to fuse multi-sensor data to reduce the risk of false failure judgment. The fault prediction module and dynamic threshold adjustment module are introduced to predict faults and dynamically adjust thresholds through machine learning algorithms to ensure stable operation of the system in complex environments and reduce the risk of power outages.

[0004] Based on the above description, the existing high-voltage disconnector is often not accurate in monitoring due to the influence of long-term environmental factors, and the misjudgment during monitoring leads to various faults of the high-voltage disconnector. If these faults are not discovered and handled in time, it may cause significant safety hazards to the operation of the power system. Therefore, the present application provides a fault monitoring system for high-voltage disconnectors in a substation. SUMMARY

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a fault monitoring system for high-voltage disconnectors in a substation, which solves the problem of inaccurate data due to the influence of external factors during monitoring of the existing high-voltage disconnector, and the misjudgment during monitoring leads to various faults of the high-voltage disconnector.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application realizes the following technical scheme: a fault monitoring system for high-voltage disconnectors in a substation, comprising:

[0007] The data acquisition module installs multiple sensors at different parts of the high-voltage disconnector to collect various operating parameters of the high-voltage disconnector during operation through the multiple sensors;

[0008] The data transmission module pre-processes the collected operation parameters, and transmits the processed data for transmission analysis and storage in a storage terminal;

[0009] The data fusion module captures image data of the opening and closing state of the contact and laser transceiving conditions to determine the switch contact condition, extracts various data to gradually analyze and establish a change model of environmental factors and current, and compares the model with a set parameter threshold to determine a fault result;

[0010] The fault diagnosis and early warning module realizes early warning operation based on the fault result, and generates a processing strategy for transmission;

[0011] The remote control module realizes transmission of the high-voltage isolation switch fault condition to operation and maintenance personnel and a processing unit through remote monitoring and dispatching, and completes strategy regulation and control operation.

[0012] Preferably, the operation of pre-processing the collected operation parameters in the data transmission module is as follows:

[0013] The data transmission module is connected with the data acquisition module to receive various operation parameter data collected by the data acquisition module, and realizes cleaning, denoising and normalization of the data;

[0014] The data cleaning operation is used to process missing values, abnormal values and repeated values in the data, the data denoising operation is used to eliminate random errors or irrelevant signals in the data, and the data normalization operation is used to scale the data to a unified range;

[0015] The data is then transmitted through wireless communication technology through a 5G network.

[0016] Preferably, the operation of capturing image data of the opening and closing state of the contact and laser transceiving conditions to determine the switch contact condition in the data fusion module is as follows:

[0017] Laser transmitters and receivers are arranged on both sides of the moving contact and the static contact, and the opening and closing gap is determined by the signal difference generated by the transmitters and receivers;

[0018] Wide-angle cameras are additionally arranged outside the moving contact and the static contact, the image data is combined to identify the physical position of the contact to determine the gap of the contact;

[0019] The time stamp of the laser signal data contact and the time stamp of the physical position contact are combined to realize cross-validation, and if the time stamp of the laser signal time feedback meets the requirement and the time stamp of the physical position contact meets the requirement, the current opening and closing state is normal.

[0020] Preferably, the operation of determining the opening and closing gap by the signal difference generated by the transmitters and receivers is as follows:

[0021] The time change value t1 of the signal emitted by the transmitter and the signal received by the receiver when the moving contact moves in real time is extracted, and the time change value t1 is compared with the time threshold value of the high-voltage disconnecting switch to determine the opening and closing state of the switch.

[0022] The set closing time threshold value of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is T min , if t1≤T min , it is determined that the high-voltage disconnecting switch is in the closing state, and the set opening time threshold value of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is T max , if t1≥T max , it is determined that the high-voltage disconnecting switch is in the opening state.

[0023] Preferably, the image data is combined with the identification of the physical position of the contact to determine the gap operation of the contact as follows:

[0024] Real-time multi-directional image data of the moving contact is extracted, and a spatial coordinate system is established based on the horizontal plane in which the static contact is located.

[0025] The contact point of the static contact is taken as the origin, and the X-axis and the Y-axis are established from the origin and in the horizontal plane, the X-axis and the Y-axis are perpendicular to each other, and the vertical point of the moving contact on the horizontal plane is between the positive directions of the X-axis and the Y-axis, and the Z-axis is established from the origin and perpendicular to the X-axis and the Y-axis, so that the coordinates of the contact point of the moving contact are determined as (x a , y a , z a ).

[0026] The distance between the contact point of the moving contact and the contacted point of the static contact is calculated in real time, and the calculation formula is:

[0027]

[0028] A a represents the distance between the contact point of the moving contact and the contacted point of the static contact at the a-th time node, and B is the magnification value of the distance between the contact points in the image data and the actual distance between the contact points.

[0029] The distance value is compared with the set distance threshold value to determine the opening and closing state of the switch, the set closing distance threshold value of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is 0, and A a = 0, it is determined that the high-voltage disconnecting switch is in the closing state, and the set opening distance threshold value of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is L max , and A a ≥ L max , it is determined that the high-voltage disconnecting switch is in the opening state.

[0030] Preferably, the operation of establishing the change model of the environmental factors and the current in the data fusion module by extracting each item of data step by step is as follows:

[0031] The temperature distribution data of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is extracted, and the temperature at the contact is compensated in combination with the wind influence condition;

[0032] The current data at the contact of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is extracted, and the change condition is determined by comparing with the rated current value;

[0033] The environmental humidity data at the contact of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is extracted, and the change condition is determined by comparing with the set humidity threshold;

[0034] The temperature data, current change data, humidity change data and laser detection data are associated to form a change model.

[0035] Preferably, the operation of compensating the temperature at the contact in combination with the wind influence condition is:

[0036] By extracting the wind data and the temperature data at the contact in the historical data, the wind direction is kept facing the contact and does not change, with the change of the wind speed, the temperature data change condition at the current contact is determined, and the compensation coefficient is obtained through the wind speed and the temperature data at the contact;

[0037] The calculation formula of the compensation coefficient is:

[0038] k represents the compensation coefficient of the wind speed to the temperature change, V d represents the dth wind speed value, C d represents the dth real-time temperature, C e represents the actual temperature not affected by the factor, and d represents the number of extracted data items;

[0039] Then the real-time temperature data is extracted, and the actual temperature data at the contact is obtained in combination with the compensation coefficient k, and the expression is: C f =C s -(V s ) 2 ×k, C f is the compensated actual temperature value, C s is the real-time temperature value, V s is the real-time wind speed value;

[0040] Finally, the compensated temperature data C f is compared with the set temperature threshold C h and C l to determine the monitoring result, and C h <C l .

[0041] Preferably, the calculation operation of the real-time wind speed value is:

[0042] determining the direction of the wind force, and deriving the wind force speed to the contact point according to the vertical plane angle and the horizontal plane angle between the wind force direction and the plane where the contact point is located;

[0043] and the calculation formula of the wind force speed is: V s = V g × cos α × cos β, V g , wherein V n represents the measured real-time wind force speed, α is the vertical plane angle between the wind force direction and the plane where the contact point is located, and β is the horizontal plane angle between the wind force direction and the plane where the contact point is located.

[0044] Preferably, the operation of comparing the current data at the contact point with the rated current value to determine the change condition is:

[0045] The fluctuation of the current is determined by extracting the real-time current data value and calculating the overrate of the current, and the calculation formula of the overrate is: j n = (I n -I m ) / I m , j n is the overrate at the nth time node, I n is the current value at the nth time node, and I m is the rated current value.

[0046] The calculated overrate j n is compared with the set overrate threshold j q to determine the change condition of the current value.

[0047] Preferably, the operation of comparing the set parameter threshold in the data fusion module with the set parameter threshold to determine the fault result is:

[0048] Result one: the time stamp of the contact of the laser signal data and the time stamp of the contact of the physical position are combined to realize cross verification. If one party does not produce data meeting the demand or the final time stamp is inconsistent, and the increase rate of the current exceeds the set threshold, it is determined that the current high-voltage disconnecting switch has mechanical jamming.

[0049] Result two: if the compensated temperature data C h C f C l , a temperature abnormality warning instruction is generated.

[0050] If the compensated temperature data C f C l , the overrate j n is recorded in real time, the set overrate threshold j q , and j n ≥ j qand the duration is greater than a duration threshold, then the current contact is overloaded;

[0051] Result three, record the humidity data value as P u and the set humidity threshold P v , and P u ≥ P v , and the laser detection fails to receive a signal, then the current laser emitter lens is contaminated.

[0052] The application provides a substation high-voltage isolating switch fault monitoring system.

[0053] 1. The substation high-voltage isolating switch fault monitoring system collects high-voltage isolating switch operation data in real time, uses a data fusion module to capture image data of the opening and closing state of the contact and laser transceiving conditions to determine the switch contact condition, extracts various data to gradually analyze and establish an environmental factor and current change model, compares the model with a set parameter threshold to determine a fault result, correlates various data, and thus can more accurately know the fault condition and match a strategy for processing, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of the fault monitoring system.

[0054] 2. The substation high-voltage isolating switch fault monitoring system deploys laser emitters and receivers on both sides of the moving contact and the static contact, determines the opening and closing gap through the signal difference generated by the emitters and receivers, and uses an additional wide-angle camera outside the moving contact and the static contact to determine the gap of the contact by combining image data and recognizing the physical position of the contact, and realizes cross-validation by combining the timestamp of the laser signal data contact and the timestamp of the physical position contact, thereby more accurately determining the opening and closing condition of the high-voltage isolating switch, effectively reducing the false alarm rate, and identifying latent faults in advance to reduce downtime losses.

[0055] 3. The substation high-voltage isolating switch fault monitoring system extracts wind data and temperature data at the contact in historical data, keeps the wind direction directly opposite to the contact and unchanged, determines the temperature data change condition at the current contact with the change of the wind speed, obtains a compensation coefficient through the wind speed and the temperature data at the contact, extracts real-time temperature data, and obtains actual temperature data at the contact by combining the compensation coefficient, realizes compensation of the influencing factors to improve the accuracy of the actual value, and uses multi-source data fusion to establish a change model to realize automatic response, thereby improving the efficiency of fault discovery and processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 It is a principle block diagram of the isolating switch fault monitoring system of the application.

[0057] Figure 2Operation flow chart for determining the contact opening and closing state of the present application;

[0058] Figure 3 Operation flow chart for establishing a change model for analyzing data of the present application;

[0059] Figure 4 Schematic diagram for affecting the real-time wind speed value at the contact of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0061] Please refer to Figures 1-4 The present application provides two technical solutions:

[0062] Embodiment one, a transformer substation high-voltage isolating switch fault monitoring system, comprising:

[0063] A data acquisition module, a plurality of sensors are installed at different parts of the high-voltage isolating switch, and a plurality of operating parameters of the high-voltage isolating switch during operation are collected through the plurality of sensors;

[0064] A data transmission module, the collected operating parameters are preprocessed, the processed data are transmitted for analysis and transmission to a storage terminal for storage;

[0065] A data fusion module, image data of the contact opening and closing state and laser transceiving conditions are captured in real time to determine the switch contact condition, the change model of the environmental factors and the current is gradually analyzed and established by extracting each data, and the fault result is determined by comparing with the set parameter threshold;

[0066] A fault diagnosis and early warning module, based on the fault result, the early warning operation is realized, and the processing strategy is generated for transmission;

[0067] A remote control module, remote command and dispatch are realized through a remote monitoring center, the high-voltage isolating switch fault condition is transmitted to the operation and maintenance personnel and the processing unit, and the strategy control operation is completed.

[0068] By collecting the operation data of the high-voltage disconnecting switch in real time, the image data of the contact opening and closing state and the laser transmitting and receiving condition are captured in real time by the data fusion module to determine the switch contact condition, the change model of the environmental factors and the current is gradually analyzed by extracting various data, and the fault result is determined by comparing with the set parameter threshold, the association of various data is realized, so that the fault condition can be more accurately known and the strategy can be matched for processing, and the accuracy and timeliness of the fault monitoring system are improved.

[0069] In the embodiment of the application, the operation of pre-processing the collected operation parameters in the data transmission module is:

[0070] Connected with the data acquisition module, receiving various operation parameter data collected, realizing the cleaning, denoising and normalization processing operation of data;

[0071] The data cleaning operation is used to process missing values, abnormal values and repeated values in the data, the data denoising operation is used to eliminate random errors or irrelevant signals in the data, and the data normalization operation is used to scale the data to a unified range;

[0072] And then the data is transmitted through wireless communication technology through the 5G network.

[0073] In the embodiment of the application, the operation of capturing the image data of the contact opening and closing state and the laser transmitting and receiving condition in real time in the data fusion module to determine the switch contact condition is:

[0074] Deploying laser transmitters and receivers on both sides of the moving contact and the static contact, determining the opening and closing gap through the signal difference generated by the transmitter and the receiver;

[0075] An additional wide-angle camera is located outside the moving contact and the static contact, the gap of the contact is determined by combining the image data and identifying the physical position of the contact;

[0076] And cross-validation is realized by combining the time stamp of the laser signal data contact and the time stamp of the physical position contact, if the time stamp when the laser signal time feedback meets the requirement is the same as the time stamp when the physical position contact meets the requirement, the current opening and closing state is normal.

[0077] In the embodiment of the application, the operation of determining the opening and closing gap through the signal difference generated by the transmitter and the receiver is:

[0078] Real-time extracting the time change value t1 of the signal emitted by the transmitter and the signal received by the receiver when the moving contact moves, and comparing the time change value t1 with the time threshold of the high-voltage disconnecting switch to determine the opening and closing state of the switch;

[0079] The set closing time threshold of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is T min , if t1≤T minIf t1>T, it is determined that the high-voltage disconnecting switch is in a closed state, and the set opening time threshold of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is T max If t1 max , it is determined that the high-voltage disconnecting switch is in an open state.

[0080] By deploying laser transmitters and receivers on both sides of the moving contact and the static contact, determining the opening and closing gap through the signal difference generated by the transmitters and receivers, and adding wide-angle cameras outside the moving contact and the static contact, the gap of the contact is determined through image data combined with the physical position of the contact, cross verification is realized through the time stamp of the laser signal data contact and the time stamp of the physical position contact, the opening and closing state of the high-voltage disconnecting switch can be more accurately determined, the false positive rate can be effectively reduced, latent faults can be identified in advance, and downtime loss can be reduced.

[0081] In the embodiment of the application, the operation of determining the gap of the contact through image data combined with the physical position of the contact is as follows:

[0082] Real-time extraction of multi-directional image data when the moving contact moves, establishment of a space coordinate system with the horizontal plane where the contact point of the static contact is located;

[0083] Taking the contact point of the static contact as the origin, establishing the X-axis and the Y-axis from the origin and within the horizontal plane, the X-axis and the Y-axis are perpendicular to each other, ensuring that the vertical point of the moving contact on the horizontal plane is between the positive directions of the X-axis and the Y-axis, and establishing the Z-axis from the origin in a direction perpendicular to the X-axis and the Y-axis, so as to determine the coordinates of the contact point of the moving contact as (x a , y a , z a );

[0084] The distance between the contact point of the moving contact and the contact point of the static contact is calculated in real time, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] A a represents the distance between the contact point of the moving contact and the contact point of the static contact at the a-th time node, and B is the magnification value of the distance between the contact points in the image data and the actual distance between the contact points;

[0087] The distance value is compared with the set distance threshold to determine the opening and closing state of the switch, the set closed distance threshold of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is 0, and A a = 0, it is determined that the high-voltage disconnecting switch is in a closed state, and the set opening distance threshold of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is L max , and A a ≥ L max , it is determined that the high-voltage disconnecting switch is in an open state.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, the operation of gradually analyzing and establishing the change model of the environmental factors and the current by extracting each data in the data fusion module is:

[0089] The temperature distribution data of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is extracted, and the temperature at the contact is compensated in combination with the wind influence;

[0090] The current data at the contact of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is extracted, and the change is determined by comparing with the rated current value;

[0091] The environmental humidity data at the contact of the high-voltage disconnecting switch is extracted, and the change is determined by comparing with the set humidity threshold value;

[0092] The change model is formed by correlating the temperature data, the current change data, the humidity change data and the laser detection data.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present application, the operation of compensating the temperature at the contact in combination with the wind influence is:

[0094] The wind speed data and the temperature data at the contact in the historical data are extracted, the wind direction is kept facing the contact and does not change, the temperature data change at the current contact is determined with the change of the wind speed, and the compensation coefficient is obtained from the wind speed and the temperature data at the contact;

[0095] The calculation formula of the compensation coefficient is:

[0096] k represents the compensation coefficient of the wind speed to the temperature change, V d represents the dth wind speed value, C d represents the dth real-time temperature, C e represents the actual temperature not affected by the factors, and d represents the number of extracted data items;

[0097] Then the real-time temperature data is extracted, and the actual temperature data at the contact is obtained in combination with the compensation coefficient k, and the expression is: C f =C s -(V s ) 2 ×k, C f is the actual temperature value after compensation, C s is the real-time temperature value, V s is the real-time wind speed value;

[0098] Finally, the compensated temperature data C f is compared with the set temperature threshold C h and C l to determine the monitoring result, and C h C l .

[0099] In the embodiment of the present application, the calculation operation of the real-time wind speed value is:

[0100] The direction of the wind force is determined, and the wind speed to the contact point is obtained according to the vertical plane included angle and the horizontal plane included angle of the wind force direction and the plane where the contact point is located.

[0101] And the calculation formula of the wind speed is: V s = V g × cos α × cos β, V g represents the measured real-time wind speed, α is the vertical plane included angle of the wind force direction and the plane where the contact point is located, and β is the horizontal plane included angle of the wind force direction and the plane where the contact point is located.

[0102] By extracting the wind data and the temperature data at the contact point in the historical data, keeping the wind direction directly opposite to the contact point and not changing, determining the temperature data change condition at the current contact point with the change of the wind speed, and obtaining the compensation coefficient through the wind speed and the temperature data at the contact point, then obtaining the actual temperature data at the contact point by extracting the real-time temperature data and combining the compensation coefficient, the influence factor compensation is realized to improve the accuracy of the actual value, and the change model is established by using multi-source data fusion to realize automatic response, and the efficiency of fault discovery and processing is improved.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present application, the operation of comparing the current data at the contact point with the rated current value to determine the change condition is:

[0104] By extracting the real-time current data value, the overrate of the current is calculated to determine the fluctuation of the current, and the calculation formula of the overrate is: j n = (I n -I m ) / I m , j n is the overrate at the nth time node, I n is the current value at the nth time node, and I m is the rated current value.

[0105] And the calculated overrate j n is compared with the set overrate threshold j q to determine the current value change condition.

[0106] In the embodiment of the present application, the operation of comparing the set parameter threshold in the data fusion module to determine the fault result is:

[0107] Result one, the time stamp of the laser signal data contact and the time stamp of the physical position contact are combined to realize cross verification, one party does not generate data meeting the demand or the final time stamp does not meet the demand, and the current high-voltage disconnecting switch has mechanical jamming if the current increase rate exceeds the set threshold value;

[0108] Result two, if the compensated temperature data C h <C f <C l , a temperature abnormality early warning instruction is generated;

[0109] If the compensated temperature data C f ≥C l , the real-time record exceeds rate j n , the set exceeding rate threshold value j q , and j n ≥j q , and the duration is greater than the duration threshold value, the current contact is overloaded;

[0110] Result three, the real-time recorded humidity data value is P u , the set humidity threshold value is P v , and P u ≥P v , and the laser detection fails to receive a signal, and the current laser emitter lens is contaminated.

[0111] And the maintenance strategies for results one to three are specifically shown in Table 1:

[0112] Table 1 maintenance strategy table

[0113] Failure sequence Root cause inference Maintenance strategy Result one Mechanical jam Disconnect drive power + alert notification Result two Contact overload Remote reduce load + notify maintenance Result three Lens contamination Start cleaning device

[0114] Embodiment two, compared with embodiment one, the same area of the substation high-voltage disconnecting switch is applied to the test by the existing high-voltage disconnecting switch fault monitoring system and the high-voltage disconnecting switch fault monitoring system of the application, and the time used for fault discovery and processing, whether the fault is misjudged, and whether there is a missed judgment are recorded, and the specific results are shown in Table 2:

[0115] Table 2 result record table

[0116] Indicators Existing switch failure monitoring system Switch failure monitoring system of the present invention Time for failure discovery and handling 5h 1h Misjudgment rate of failure 8.2％ 0.78％ Failure omission rate 5％ 0

[0117] The experimental results show that the high-voltage disconnecting switch fault monitoring system of the application is significantly better than the existing high-voltage disconnecting switch fault monitoring system in the embodiment of various parameter data, and the fault discovery and processing time, the fault misjudgment rate and the fault missed judgment rate are much lower than those of the existing high-voltage disconnecting switch fault monitoring system, which proves the superiority and precision of the application in practical application.

[0118] Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein, such as "first" and "second", etc. for example, is for the purpose of differentiating one

[0119] It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein, such as "first" and "second", etc. for example, is for the purpose of differentiating one

[0120] While the embodiments of the application have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A substation high-voltage disconnector fault monitoring system, characterized by: include: The data acquisition module is equipped with multiple sensors at different locations of the high-voltage disconnector to collect various operating parameters of the high-voltage disconnector during operation. The data transmission module pre-processes the collected operating parameters, and transmits the processed data for analysis and storage to the storage terminal; The data fusion module captures real-time image data of the contact opening and closing status and the laser transmission and reception status to determine the switch contact status. By extracting various data and gradually analyzing them, a model of environmental factors and current changes is established, and the model is compared with the set parameter threshold to determine the fault result. Fault diagnosis and early warning module, which implements early warning operations based on fault results and generates processing strategies for transmission; The remote control module conducts remote command and dispatch through the remote monitoring center, transmits the fault conditions of the high-voltage disconnector to the operation and maintenance personnel and the processing unit, and completes the strategic control operation.

2. A substation high-voltage disconnector fault monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation of pre-processing the collected operating parameters in the data transmission module is as follows: Connected to the data acquisition module, it receives the collected operating parameter data and performs data cleaning, denoising and normalization operations; Data cleaning operations are used to process missing values, outliers, and duplicate values ​​in the data; data denoising operations are used to eliminate random errors or irrelevant signals in the data; and data normalization operations are used to scale the data to a uniform range. The data is then transmitted through wireless communication technology via the 5G network.

3. The substation high-voltage disconnector fault monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation of the data fusion module to capture the image data of the contact opening and closing status and the laser transmission and reception status in real time to determine the switch contact status is as follows: Laser transmitters and receivers are deployed on both sides of the moving contact and the stationary contact, and the opening and closing gap is determined by the signal difference generated by the transmitter and the receiver; An additional wide-angle camera is located outside the moving contact and the static contact, which combines image data with the physical position of the contacts to determine the contact gap; Cross-validation is performed based on the timestamp of the laser signal data contact and the timestamp of the physical position contact. If the timestamp when the laser signal time feedback meets the requirements is the same as the timestamp when the physical position contact meets the requirements, the current opening and closing state is normal.

4. A substation high-voltage disconnector fault monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The operation of determining the opening and closing gap by the signal difference between the transmitter and the receiver is as follows: The time change value t1, which is the time when the moving contact moves and the time when the transmitter sends the signal and the receiver receives the signal, is extracted in real time, and the time change value t1 is compared with the time threshold of the high-voltage disconnector to determine the switch opening and closing state; The closing time threshold of the high voltage disconnector is set to T min , if t1≤T min , then the high voltage isolating switch is determined to be in the closed state, and the set opening time threshold of the high voltage isolating switch is T max , if t1≥T max , it is determined that the high-voltage disconnector is in the open state.

5. The substation high-voltage disconnector fault monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The image data is combined with the identification of the physical position of the contacts to determine the gap between the contacts: Real-time extraction of multi-directional image data of the moving contact, and establishment of a spatial coordinate system based on the horizontal plane where the contact point of the static contact is located; The contact point of the static contact is taken as the origin, and the X-axis and Y-axis are established from the origin and located in the horizontal plane. The X-axis and Y-axis are perpendicular to each other. Ensure that the vertical point of the moving contact on the horizontal plane is between the positive directions of the X-axis and the Y-axis, and establish the Z-axis from the origin in a direction perpendicular to both the X-axis and the Y-axis. In this way, the contact point coordinates of the moving contact are determined to be (x a ,y a , z a ); By calculating the distance between the moving contact point and the static contact point under real-time changes, the calculation formula is: And A a represents the distance between the contact point of the moving contact and the contacted point of the static contact at the ath time node, and B is the magnified value of the contact distance in the image data and the actual contact distance; The distance value is compared with the set distance threshold to determine the switch open and close state. The set closing distance threshold of the high-voltage disconnector is 0, and A a =0, the high-voltage disconnector is determined to be in the closed state, and the opening distance threshold of the high-voltage disconnector is set to L max , and A a ≥L max , it is determined that the high-voltage disconnector is in the open state.

6. A substation high-voltage disconnector fault monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The operation of extracting various data and gradually analyzing and establishing the environmental factors and current change model in the data fusion module is as follows: Extract the temperature distribution data of the high-voltage disconnector and compensate the temperature at the contact in combination with the wind impact; Extract the current data at the high-voltage disconnector contacts and compare it with the rated current value to determine the change; Extract the ambient humidity data at the high-voltage disconnector contacts and compare it with the set humidity threshold to determine the change; A change model is formed by correlating temperature data, current change data, humidity change data and laser detection data.

7. A substation high-voltage disconnector fault monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The operation of compensating the temperature at the contact in combination with the wind influence is as follows: By extracting the wind force data and the temperature data at the contact from the historical data, the wind direction is kept facing the contact and does not change. As the wind speed changes, the change in the current temperature data at the contact is determined, and the compensation coefficient is obtained based on the wind speed and the temperature data at the contact. The calculation formula of the compensation coefficient is: k represents the compensation coefficient of wind speed for temperature change, V d Indicates the wind speed value of item d, C d Indicates the real-time temperature of item d, C e represents the actual temperature not affected by the factors, and d represents the number of data items extracted; Then, by extracting the real-time temperature data and combining it with the compensation coefficient k, the actual temperature data at the contact is obtained. The expression is: C f =C s -(V s ) 2 ×k,C f is the actual temperature value after compensation, C s is the real-time temperature value, V s is the real-time wind speed value; Finally, the compensated temperature data C f With the set temperature threshold C h and C l Compare and confirm the monitoring results, and C h <C l .

8. A substation high-voltage disconnector fault monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculation operation of the real-time wind speed value is: Determine the direction of the wind and derive the wind speed toward the contact point based on the vertical and horizontal angles between the wind direction and the plane where the contact point is located; And the calculation formula of wind speed is: V s =V g ×cosα×cosβ,V g It represents the real-time wind speed measured, α is the vertical angle between the wind direction and the plane where the contact is located, and β is the horizontal angle between the wind direction and the plane where the contact is located.

9. The substation high-voltage disconnector fault monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The operation of comparing the current data at the contact with the rated current value to determine the change is as follows: By extracting the real-time current data value and calculating the current excess rate, the current fluctuation is determined. The calculation formula of the excess rate is: n =(I n -I m ) / I m ,j n is the excess rate at the nth time node, I n is the current value at the nth time node, I m is the rated current value; And the calculated excess rate j n and the set excess rate threshold j q Compare and determine the change in current value.

10. A substation high-voltage disconnector fault monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The operation of comparing the fault result with the set parameter threshold in the data fusion module is as follows: Result 1: The timestamp of the laser signal data contact and the timestamp of the physical location contact are combined to achieve cross-validation. If one party fails to generate data that meets the requirements or the timestamps that ultimately meet the requirements are inconsistent, and the current increase rate exceeds the set threshold, then the high-voltage disconnector is currently mechanically stuck. Result 2: If the temperature data after compensation is C h <C f <C l , then a temperature abnormality warning instruction is generated; If the compensated temperature data C f ≥C l , real-time record of excess rate j n , and the set exceedance rate threshold j q , and j n ≥j q , and when the duration is greater than the duration threshold, the current contact is overloaded; Result 3: Real-time recorded humidity data value is P u , and the humidity threshold value P is set v , and P u ≥P v , and no signal is received during laser detection, then the current laser transmitter lens is contaminated.

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