A method and system for detecting the state of new energy storage batteries

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of battery state detection, and particularly relates to a new energy energy storage battery state detection method and system, the method comprising the following steps: a user terminal sends a verification instruction; a central platform receives the verification instruction and transmits the verification instruction to a battery module; after the battery module receives the verification instruction, a battery physical entity generates a transient physical response, and the transient physical response is measured to obtain characteristic values of the transient physical response; the battery module collects battery state information; the battery module sends the characteristic values as physical credentials to the user terminal, and the physical credentials and the battery state information form return data; the user terminal receives the return data and parses the physical credentials; the user terminal obtains expected parameters of the transient physical response according to the model of the battery module; the user terminal compares the physical credentials and the expected parameters of the transient physical response, and the user terminal judges the integrity of the information link according to the comparison result. The safety of battery detection is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of battery state detection, and specifically to a method and system for detecting the state of new energy storage batteries. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of the sharing economy and leasing service models, the leasing business of battery assets, especially standardized battery modules used in electric vehicles, is experiencing rapid growth. Under this business model, ensuring that leased battery assets maintain good health throughout their lifespan and providing users with accurate and transparent battery status information is crucial for continued business operation and building user trust. However, in actual operation, due to business strategies or technological limitations, the battery status information received by users may not entirely originate from real-time data of the physical battery entity. This can lead to information asymmetry and even safety hazards and operational risks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings by proposing a method and system for detecting the state of new energy storage batteries.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A method for detecting the state of a new energy storage battery, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] The user terminal sends a verification command, which includes instruction information for triggering a momentary physical response from the battery's physical entity.

[0007] The central platform receives the verification command and transmits it to the battery module.

[0008] After receiving the verification command, the battery module triggers the battery physical entity to generate an instantaneous physical response, measures the instantaneous physical response, and obtains the characteristic value of the instantaneous physical response.

[0009] The battery module collects battery status information;

[0010] The battery module uses the feature value as a physical credential, and the physical credential and battery status information form feedback data that is sent to the user terminal.

[0011] The user terminal receives the returned data and parses out the physical credentials;

[0012] The user terminal obtains the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response based on the battery module model;

[0013] The user terminal compares the expected parameters of the physical credentials and the instantaneous physical response, and judges the integrity of the information link based on the comparison results.

[0014] The above solution can penetrate the central platform to verify whether the battery status information and command feedback received by the user truly originate from the physical battery entity, effectively determine the integrity of the information link, and solve the problems of information asymmetry and command deception in the existing technology.

[0015] Furthermore, this application also proposes that, after the battery module receives a verification command, it triggers the battery physical entity to generate an instantaneous physical response, measures the instantaneous physical response, and obtains the characteristic values ​​of the instantaneous physical response, including the following steps:

[0016] During the instantaneous physical response of the battery physical entity, the cell voltage and battery current of the battery module are measured simultaneously;

[0017] Obtain the internal resistance of the battery module;

[0018] Calculate the voltage change caused by the battery current based on the battery current and the battery internal resistance;

[0019] The cell voltage is corrected based on the voltage change, and the net voltage drop value of the instantaneous physical response is obtained after correction.

[0020] The net voltage drop of the instantaneous physical response is used as the characteristic value of the instantaneous physical response.

[0021] The above scheme improves the accuracy and reliability of physical credentials by accurately measuring the net voltage drop of the instantaneous physical response as a characteristic value.

[0022] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the steps for the user terminal to obtain the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response based on the battery module model include:

[0023] The user terminal parses the battery status information from the returned data;

[0024] The user terminal obtains the current operating parameters of the battery from the battery status information;

[0025] The user terminal determines the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response corresponding to the battery module model from preset parameter adjustment rules or lookup tables based on the current operating parameters of the battery.

[0026] The above method can dynamically determine the expected parameters based on the current operating parameters of the battery, thereby improving the accuracy and adaptability of the comparison.

[0027] Furthermore, this application also proposes a step whereby the user terminal compares the expected parameters of the physical credentials and the instantaneous physical response with the comparison results, and the user terminal determines the integrity of the information link based on the comparison results, including:

[0028] Calculate the deviation between the expected parameters of the physical voucher and the instantaneous physical response;

[0029] The deviation is compared with a preset first threshold.

[0030] The deviation is compared with a preset second threshold, and the second threshold is greater than the first threshold;

[0031] The user terminal determines the integrity of the information link based on the comparison results. Specifically, the information link is considered intact when the deviation is less than the first threshold; the information link is considered intact when the deviation is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than the second threshold, and the corresponding deviation value is within the allowable deviation range; and the information link is considered damaged when the deviation is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0032] The above scheme provides a multi-level threshold judgment mechanism, which can more precisely assess the degree of damage to the integrity of the information link and distinguish between permissible deviations and severe damage.

[0033] Furthermore, this application also proposes that, after the battery module receives the verification command, the steps for triggering the battery physical entity to generate an instantaneous physical response include:

[0034] After receiving the verification command, the battery module obtains the battery module's operating status data;

[0035] Adjust the load parameters that trigger the instantaneous physical response based on the battery module's operating status data;

[0036] Based on the adjusted instantaneous physical response load parameters, the battery physical entity is controlled to apply an instantaneous load, thereby generating an instantaneous physical response.

[0037] The above solution allows for the adjustment of load parameters based on the battery module's operating status data, making the triggering of instantaneous physical responses more flexible and adaptable to actual working conditions.

[0038] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the step of controlling the application of a momentary load to the battery physical entity includes: controlling the switching circuit inside the battery module to apply a momentary load to the battery physical entity.

[0039] The above scheme achieves internal control and precise triggering of instantaneous physical response by applying an instantaneous load to the switching circuit inside the battery module.

[0040] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the instruction information includes mode information for indicating the transient physical response and / or parameter information for indicating the transient physical response.

[0041] The above scheme allows users to flexibly control the mode and parameters of instantaneous physical response through command information, increasing the flexibility and configurability of detection.

[0042] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the steps for the user terminal to send the verification command include:

[0043] Generate a verification command, and generate the corresponding data verification code based on the verification command;

[0044] The user terminal uses a preset key to sign the verification command and / or data verification code to generate a security credential for the verification command.

[0045] The user terminal sends a verification command, a data verification code, and a security credential for the verification command.

[0046] The above scheme introduces data verification codes and security credentials, which enhances the security of verification commands and prevents commands from being tampered with or forged.

[0047] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the steps for forming return data from physical credentials and battery status information and sending it to the user terminal include:

[0048] The battery module encrypts or digitally signs physical credentials and battery status information to generate data to be transmitted back.

[0049] The returned data is sent to the user terminal.

[0050] By using the above methods, the transmitted data is encrypted or digitally signed, ensuring the security and integrity of the transmission of physical credentials and battery status information.

[0051] Furthermore, this application also proposes a new energy storage battery state detection system, applied to the aforementioned new energy storage battery state detection method, the system comprising:

[0052] The sending module is used to send verification instructions, which include instruction information for triggering the battery physical entity to produce an instantaneous physical response;

[0053] The transparent transmission module is used to receive verification commands and transmit the verification commands to the battery module.

[0054] The processing module is used to receive a verification command, trigger the battery physical entity to generate an instantaneous physical response, measure the instantaneous physical response, and obtain the characteristic value of the instantaneous physical response.

[0055] The data acquisition module is used to collect battery status information;

[0056] The backhaul module is used to use the feature value as a physical credential. The physical credential and battery status information form backhaul data and are sent to the user terminal.

[0057] The parsing module is used to receive the returned data and parse out the physical credentials;

[0058] The acquisition module obtains the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response based on the model of the battery module;

[0059] The judgment module compares the expected parameters of the physical credentials and the instantaneous physical response with those of the user terminal. Based on the comparison results, the user terminal judges the integrity of the information link.

[0060] The above scheme provides a system for implementing the above detection method, enabling the method to be practically deployed and applied, and improving detection efficiency and automation.

[0061] As can be seen from the above, the new energy storage battery status detection method and system provided in this application, by introducing physical credentials and comparison mechanisms, can penetrate the information interception and tampering of the central platform, verify whether the battery status information and instruction feedback received by the user truly originate from the physical battery entity, thereby effectively judging the integrity of the information link. It has the advantages of being able to penetrate the information interception and tampering of the central platform, verify whether the battery status information and instruction feedback received by the user truly originate from the physical battery entity, thereby effectively judging the integrity of the information link, solving the problems of information asymmetry and instruction deception in the prior art, and improving the transparency and security of battery asset leasing business.

[0062] To further understand the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings of the present invention. However, the drawings provided are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0063] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a new energy storage battery state detection method according to the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a new energy storage battery state detection system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified and changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings of the present invention are for simple illustrative purposes only and are not depictions of actual dimensions; this is stated in advance. The following embodiments will further describe the relevant technical content of the present invention in detail, but the disclosed content is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] This embodiment provides a method and system for detecting the state of new energy storage batteries, combined with... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown.

[0067] refer to Figure 1 A method for detecting the state of a new energy storage battery, the method comprising the following steps:

[0068] The user terminal sends a verification command, which includes instruction information for triggering a momentary physical response from the battery's physical entity.

[0069] The central platform receives the verification command and transmits it to the battery module.

[0070] After receiving the verification command, the battery module triggers the battery physical entity to generate an instantaneous physical response, measures the instantaneous physical response, and obtains the characteristic value of the instantaneous physical response.

[0071] The battery module collects battery status information;

[0072] The battery module uses the feature value as a physical credential, and the physical credential and battery status information form feedback data that is sent to the user terminal.

[0073] The user terminal receives the returned data and parses out the physical credentials;

[0074] The user terminal obtains the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response based on the battery module model;

[0075] The user terminal compares the expected parameters of the physical credentials and the instantaneous physical response, and judges the integrity of the information link based on the comparison results.

[0076] The verification command refers to a specific instruction sent by the user terminal to the battery module to initiate the testing process. It can be implemented using data packets, API calls, or specific communication protocol messages. Its purpose is to trigger a measurable physical response from the battery's physical entity, serving as the starting point for information link integrity verification. The command information refers to the parameters or patterns contained within the verification command that specifically instruct the battery module on how to generate an instantaneous physical response. It can be implemented using preset encoded values, parameter fields, or functional identifiers. Its purpose is to precisely control the battery's physical entity to generate a predictable instantaneous physical response for subsequent measurement and comparison. The instantaneous physical response refers to the measurable and repeatable physical change generated by the battery's physical entity within a short period after receiving the command information. It can be achieved through instantaneous voltage drops, instantaneous current changes, or instantaneous temperature fluctuations. Its purpose is to transform the battery's true physical state into quantifiable data, serving as the physical basis for information link integrity verification. The characteristic value of a transient physical response refers to the numerical value extracted after measuring the transient physical response, which represents the core characteristics of the response. This value can be achieved using the peak value of the voltage drop, the slope of the current change, or the response duration. Its purpose is to transform the physical quantity of the transient physical response into a transmittable and comparable digital credential. The physical credential refers to the characteristic value of the transient physical response as an unforgeable proof of authenticity originating from the physical entity of the battery. This credential can be achieved using encrypted hash values, digitally signed data blocks, or the original characteristic value itself. Its purpose is to ensure that the data returned to the user terminal originates directly from the physical entity of the battery, preventing data tampering in intermediate links. The expected parameters of the transient physical response refer to the characteristic values ​​that the transient physical response should have under normal conditions, pre-calculated or queried by the user terminal based on the battery module model and current operating status. These parameters can be achieved using a pre-set lookup table, theoretical values ​​calculated based on the battery model, or historical data statistics. Their purpose is to provide a benchmark value for comparison with the received physical credential, thereby determining the integrity of the information link.

[0077] The core innovation of this application lies in combining the verification command initiated by the user terminal with the instantaneous physical response and its characteristic values ​​generated by the battery module in the form of physical credentials. The user terminal then obtains the expected parameters based on the battery module model for comparison. This solves the problem of how to verify the authenticity of the information link between the user and the physical battery entity when the central platform may tamper with or forge battery status information. This ensures that the battery status information and command feedback received by the user are genuinely from the physical battery entity, rather than being intercepted or forged by the platform.

[0078] Specifically, this application's solution ensures the integrity of the information link between the user terminal and the battery module by constructing an end-to-end verification mechanism based on physical response. First, the user terminal actively initiates the verification process, sending a verification command containing specific instruction information. This command information is designed to trigger a measurable instantaneous physical response from the battery physical entity within the battery module. Since the central platform acts as the communication intermediary between the user terminal and the battery module, this verification command is transparently transmitted to the target battery module. This transparent transmission mechanism is crucial to ensuring that the command directly reaches the physical entity, preventing the platform from intercepting or tampering with the command during transmission. Once the battery module receives the verification command, it controls the battery physical entity to generate the expected instantaneous physical response based on the command information. For example, a brief load is applied through the internal circuitry, causing a momentary drop in battery voltage. Simultaneously, the battery module measures this instantaneous physical response and extracts a characteristic value representing its properties. This characteristic value directly reflects the true state of the battery physical entity and is unforgeable. At the same time, the battery module also collects its current battery status information, such as charge level and temperature. Subsequently, the battery module encapsulates the characteristic value of this instantaneous physical response as a physical credential, along with the collected battery status information, into feedback data and sends it back to the user terminal. The introduction of the physical credential adds an authenticity marker from the battery's physical layer to the feedback data. Upon receiving the feedback data, the user terminal parses out the physical credential. For effective comparison, the user terminal obtains the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response of the target battery module under the current operating conditions. These expected parameters are based on a pre-determined baseline value based on the battery's known characteristics and operating state. Finally, the user terminal compares the received physical credential with the obtained expected parameters. Since the physical credential originates directly from the battery's physical entity, while the expected parameters are theoretical values ​​based on the battery model and operating state, a high degree of consistency should exist between the two if the information link is complete and tamper-proof. The user terminal judges the integrity of the information link based on the comparison results. For example, if the two highly match, the information link is considered complete; if there is a significant discrepancy, it indicates that the information link may have been tampered with or forged, thus verifying the authenticity of the information link.

[0079] In some preferred embodiments, this application is implemented as follows. The user terminal can be a smartphone application that sends a verification command to a cloud-based central platform via a wireless network. This verification command can be a JSON-formatted data packet containing a field named "trigger_response" with the value "voltage_pulse," along with parameters such as "duration" and "amplitude," indicating the duration and amplitude of the instantaneous load, respectively. Upon receiving this JSON data packet, the central platform forwards it verbatim to the target battery module. The battery module integrates a Battery Management System (BMS). Upon receiving the verification command, the BMS parses the command information. For example, when the "voltage_pulse" command is parsed, the BMS controls its internal power switching circuit, such as a MOSFET switch, to momentarily connect a preset resistive load (e.g., 1 ohm) to the battery terminals for a specified duration (e.g., 50 milliseconds), thereby applying an instantaneous load to the battery physical entity and causing a voltage drop. During the load application, the BMS synchronously collects the battery's terminal voltage and current data at a high sampling rate (e.g., 10 kHz). The Battery Management System (BMS) calculates the characteristic values ​​of the instantaneous physical response based on the collected voltage and current data. For example, by analyzing the voltage drop curve and removing the voltage drop caused by internal impedance, the net voltage drop value of the instantaneous physical response is obtained. This net voltage drop value, for example, 0.15V, serves as the physical credential. Simultaneously, the BMS collects battery status information such as the current temperature, cycle count, and state of health (SOH). The BMS packages this 0.15V physical credential and the battery status information into an encrypted data frame and transmits it back to the user terminal via the cellular network. Upon receiving the data frame, the user terminal decrypts and parses the physical credential (0.15V). Based on the battery module model (e.g., "XYZ-5000") and the current SOH (e.g., 85%) and temperature (e.g., 25 degrees Celsius) in the transmitted data, the user terminal queries a locally stored lookup table or a cloud database for the expected net voltage drop value of that battery model at 85% SOH and 25 degrees Celsius, for example, an expected value of 0.148V. Finally, the user terminal compares the received physical credential 0.15V with the expected parameter 0.148V and calculates the deviation between the two. If the deviation is within the preset allowable range, the information link is considered complete.

[0080] This application further proposes a step-by-step approach: after the battery module receives a verification command, it triggers a transient physical response from the battery physical entity, measures the transient physical response, and obtains the characteristic values ​​of the transient physical response.

[0081] During the instantaneous physical response of the battery physical entity, the cell voltage and battery current of the battery module are measured simultaneously;

[0082] Obtain the internal resistance of the battery module;

[0083] Calculate the voltage change caused by the battery current based on the battery current and the battery internal resistance;

[0084] The cell voltage is corrected based on the voltage change, and the net voltage drop value of the instantaneous physical response is obtained after correction.

[0085] The net voltage drop of the instantaneous physical response is used as the characteristic value of the instantaneous physical response.

[0086] In this context, the battery physical entity refers to the cell unit or cell assembly within the battery module where the actual electrochemical reaction takes place. It can be composed of cells from various chemical systems, such as lithium-ion, nickel-metal hydride, and lead-acid batteries. Instantaneous physical response refers to the measurable physical quantity change exhibited by the battery physical entity within a very short time when subjected to a specific external or internal trigger. Specifically, this can be a rapid fluctuation in electrochemical parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, or impedance. The purpose is to reflect the real-time physical state of the battery through these instantaneous changes.

[0087] This application's solution simultaneously measures the cell voltage and battery current of the battery module during the instantaneous physical response of the battery physical entity, enabling real-time capture of the battery's dynamic electrical state during the response process. Based on this, the internal resistance of the battery module is obtained. This internal resistance is an inherent electrochemical characteristic of the battery itself, varying with factors such as battery aging, temperature, and state of charge. Due to the presence of this internal resistance, the current flowing through the battery generates a voltage drop within the battery, i.e., the voltage change caused by the battery current. This solution calculates this voltage change based on the simultaneously measured battery current and the obtained battery internal resistance, thereby quantifying the influence of battery module factors on the cell voltage measurement results. Subsequently, the cell voltage is corrected based on the calculated voltage change by subtracting the voltage drop caused by the battery internal resistance and current from the measured cell voltage, thus obtaining the net voltage drop value of the instantaneous physical response. This correction process effectively eliminates the interference of the battery module's own state on the instantaneous physical response measurement results, allowing the obtained net voltage drop value to more accurately reflect the true electrochemical characteristics of the battery physical entity during the instantaneous response. Ultimately, this corrected net voltage drop value is used as a characteristic value of the instantaneous physical response, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the physical evidence. Through this precise characteristic value acquisition method, this solution is closely integrated with the step of determining the integrity of the information link. By providing a corrected and more accurate net voltage drop value as physical evidence, the authenticity and representativeness of the physical evidence are greatly improved. This means that when comparing physical evidence with expected parameters, user terminals can make judgments based on data that more closely approximates the actual state of the battery's physical entity, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the information link integrity assessment. This improvement enables the entire detection and evaluation method to more effectively penetrate potentially false information from the central platform, ensuring that the information received by the user truly originates from the battery's physical entity, thus enhancing the transparency and trustworthiness of the entire battery asset health status assessment system.

[0088] In some preferred embodiments, this application is implemented as follows. When the battery module receives a verification command, in order to trigger a transient physical response from the battery's physical entity, a power electronic switch inside the battery module, such as a MOSFET or IGBT, can be controlled to turn on within a very short time, connecting the battery module to a preset transient load, such as a high-power resistor or a controllable current source. This generates a transient current surge across the battery terminals, causing a transient voltage drop in the cell. During this transient physical response, the battery management system (BMS) inside the battery module can simultaneously activate high-precision voltage and current sensors for data acquisition. For example, the voltage sensor can be a high-resolution analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for real-time measurement of the cell voltage of each cell or the entire battery pack; the current sensor can be a Hall effect sensor or a precision shunt resistor for real-time measurement of the battery current flowing through the battery module. These sensors continuously acquire data at a high sampling rate (e.g., once per millisecond or higher) to ensure the complete waveform of the transient response is captured. Simultaneously, the battery management system can obtain the battery's internal resistance according to a preset algorithm or lookup table. For example, the internal resistance can be calculated by applying a known small current pulse to the battery module when it is in a stable state and measuring the resulting voltage response; alternatively, the battery management system can retrieve the corresponding internal resistance value from a pre-stored battery internal resistance characteristic lookup table based on the battery's current state of charge (SOC) and temperature. Once the synchronously measured battery current and internal resistance are obtained, the processing unit in the battery management system can calculate the voltage change caused by the battery current according to Ohm's law, i.e., the voltage change equals the battery current multiplied by the battery internal resistance. Subsequently, the processing unit can correct the synchronously measured cell voltage based on this calculated voltage change by subtracting the calculated voltage change from the measured cell voltage, thus obtaining the net voltage drop value of the instantaneous physical response. For example, if the measured cell voltage is 4.0V and the calculated voltage change is 0.1V, then the corrected net voltage drop value is 3.9V. Finally, this corrected net voltage drop value is determined as a characteristic value of the instantaneous physical response and used as part of the physical evidence for subsequent information link integrity judgment.

[0089] This application further proposes steps for a user terminal to obtain expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response based on the battery module model, including:

[0090] The user terminal parses the battery status information from the returned data;

[0091] The user terminal obtains the current operating parameters of the battery from the battery status information;

[0092] The user terminal determines the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response corresponding to the battery module model from preset parameter adjustment rules or lookup tables based on the current operating parameters of the battery.

[0093] Among them, the current operating parameters of the battery refer to the actual working state data of the battery module at a specific moment. Specifically, it can include the real-time temperature, remaining capacity, number of cycles, voltage, current, or internal resistance of the battery. Its purpose is to provide dynamic performance information of the battery module in actual use environment, so as to more accurately reflect its instantaneous physical response characteristics. The preset parameter adjustment rules or lookup table refer to a pre-established mechanism for correcting or determining the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response based on the current operating parameters of the battery. Specifically, it can be a database containing different combinations of operating parameters and corresponding expected parameter values ​​or adjustment coefficients, or a set of mathematical formulas or logical judgment conditions based on battery physical models and empirical data. Its purpose is to realize the dynamic adjustment of the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response, thereby improving the accuracy of the expected parameters.

[0094] This application's solution improves the accuracy of expected parameters by incorporating consideration of the current operating state of the battery module when the user terminal acquires the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response. Specifically, after the battery module sends back data containing physical credentials and battery status information to the user terminal, the user terminal first parses the received back data to extract the battery status information. Subsequently, the user terminal identifies and obtains the battery's current operating parameters from this battery status information, such as the battery's real-time temperature, remaining capacity, or cycle count. These operating parameters reflect the dynamic characteristics of the battery in actual use, not just the static attributes represented by its factory model. Based on this, the user terminal no longer determines the expected parameters solely based on the battery module's model number, but combines these real-time acquired current battery operating parameters to query or calculate from pre-set parameter adjustment rules or lookup tables, thereby determining the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response that better match the current actual operating state of the battery. This dynamic adjustment mechanism allows the expected parameters to adapt to various operating conditions such as battery aging and temperature changes, ensuring consistency between the expected parameters and the actual response of the battery's physical entity. In this way, when the user terminal subsequently compares the expected parameters of the physical credentials and the instantaneous physical response, the accuracy of the comparison results is significantly improved, which makes the judgment of the integrity of the information link more reliable and accurate, effectively avoiding misjudgments caused by changes in the battery's own state, thereby enhancing the robustness of the entire detection method.

[0095] In some preferred embodiments, the user terminal can be a smartphone application that receives communication packets containing feedback data from a cloud platform. Upon receiving this feedback data, the application's internal data parsing module can be activated. This module is configured to identify and extract battery status information carried by specific fields in the data packet. For example, by parsing JSON or Protobuf format data structures, it can extract data representing key indicators such as battery temperature, current voltage, charge / discharge cycle count, and state of health (SOH). Further, from this parsed battery status information, the application's parameter extraction logic can be executed to obtain the battery's current operating parameters. For example, the parsed battery temperature value can be directly used as one of the current operating parameters, or the battery's current voltage and remaining charge percentage can be used as other operating parameters. These parameters are used to characterize the battery's actual operating condition at a specific moment. Subsequently, to determine the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response, the application can access preset parameter adjustment rules or lookup tables stored locally or synchronized from the cloud. For example, the lookup table can be a two-dimensional array, where the row index represents the battery module model, the column index represents different battery temperature ranges, and each cell stores the expected instantaneous voltage drop value for the corresponding model and temperature. When the current battery temperature is 25 degrees Celsius, the application will look up the expected parameters corresponding to the 20-30 degree Celsius temperature range in the lookup table based on the battery module model. As a specific implementation, the parameter adjustment rule can be a polynomial function, for example: Expected voltage drop value = A * (battery temperature) + B * (remaining charge) + C, where A, B, and C are coefficients determined in advance through experiments or simulations. The user terminal substitutes the current battery temperature and remaining charge into this function to calculate the dynamically adjusted expected instantaneous physical response parameters. In this way, the determination process of the expected parameters can fully consider the actual operating conditions of the battery, thereby improving the accuracy of the comparison.

[0096] This application further proposes expected parameters for user terminals to compare physical credentials and instantaneous physical responses. The steps for user terminals to determine the integrity of the information link based on the comparison results include:

[0097] Calculate the deviation between the expected parameters of the physical voucher and the instantaneous physical response;

[0098] The deviation is compared with a preset first threshold.

[0099] The deviation is compared with a preset second threshold, and the second threshold is greater than the first threshold;

[0100] The user terminal determines the integrity of the information link based on the comparison results. Specifically, the information link is considered intact when the deviation is less than the first threshold; the information link is considered intact when the deviation is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than the second threshold, and the corresponding deviation value is within the allowable deviation range; and the information link is considered damaged when the deviation is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0101] Among them, the deviation refers to the numerical difference between the expected parameters of the physical evidence and the instantaneous physical response. It can be calculated using absolute difference, relative difference, or percentage difference, and its purpose is to quantify the degree of deviation between the actual response and the expected response. The first threshold is a preset, relatively strict numerical limit used to define the complete integrity of the information link. It can be set according to factors such as the system's requirements for data accuracy, sensor precision, or tolerance to environmental interference. Its purpose is to identify the ideal situation with almost no deviation. The second threshold is a preset, relatively lenient numerical limit, which is greater than the first threshold. It is used to define the integrity of the information link within the allowable deviation range. It can be set according to uncertainties such as measurement errors, environmental fluctuations, or system noise that may exist in actual applications. Its purpose is to distinguish between slight deviations and serious anomalies, and to avoid misjudging the damage to the information link due to minor fluctuations.

[0102] This application's solution introduces a dual-threshold judgment mechanism to perform graded evaluation of the integrity of the information link. First, after receiving the physical credentials returned by the battery module, the user terminal obtains the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response based on the battery module's model. Then, it calculates the deviation between the physical credentials and the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response. This deviation is the basis for judging the integrity of the information link, directly reflecting the difference between the actual physical response and the theoretical expectation. Next, the calculated deviation is compared with a preset first threshold. The first threshold represents a strict standard for a completely intact or almost unbiased information link. If the deviation is less than the first threshold, it indicates that the physical credentials are highly consistent with the expected parameters, and the information link transmission process has not been interfered with or tampered with; at this point, the user terminal can determine that the information link is intact. Simultaneously, to address unavoidable measurement errors, environmental noise, or system fluctuations in practical applications, this application further compares the deviation with a preset second threshold. The second threshold is greater than the first threshold, defining an allowable deviation range. When the deviation is greater than or equal to the first threshold but less than the second threshold, it indicates that although the information link has a certain deviation, this deviation is within an acceptable range and does not affect the integrity of the information link. In this scenario, the user terminal still judges the information link to be intact and identifies the deviation as falling within the allowable range. This tiered judgment avoids misjudgments that might arise from simple thresholds. For example, when the deviation slightly exceeds a single threshold, the link might actually be healthy but misjudged as damaged. Finally, when the deviation is greater than or equal to a second threshold, it indicates that the difference between the physical credentials and the expected parameters has exceeded the acceptable range, at which point the user terminal judges the information link integrity to be damaged. This typically means that the information link may have been interfered with, tampered with, or experienced other anomalies during transmission. Through the aforementioned tiered judgment mechanism, the proposed solution can more precisely identify the true state of the information link. Compared to solutions that simply compare the expected parameters of the physical credentials and the instantaneous physical response and make a simple judgment, this application can effectively distinguish between normal fluctuations, slight deviations, and severe anomalies when judging the integrity of the information link, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the judgment. This approach enables user terminals to make more than just a simple binary judgment on the integrity of the information link; it provides a more valuable assessment, thereby more effectively identifying situations where the information link has been manipulated or damaged. This ensures that the battery status information received by the user is genuinely derived from the real-time status of the physical battery entity, rather than being intercepted, corrected, or completely forged by the platform based on business policies.

[0103] In some preferred embodiments, when the user terminal performs the step of comparing the expected parameters of the physical credentials and the instantaneous physical response and determining the integrity of the information link, it can be implemented as follows: First, the user terminal receives the physical credentials returned by the battery module, such as an instantaneous voltage drop value. Simultaneously, based on the battery module's model and current operating parameters, it retrieves the corresponding expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response from a preset lookup table, such as a theoretically expected voltage drop value. Next, the user terminal calculates the deviation between the physical credentials and the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response. For example, the absolute difference between the two can be calculated: Deviation = |Physical Credential - Expected Parameter|. Subsequently, the user terminal compares the calculated deviation with a preset first threshold. For example, the first threshold can be set to 0.05V. If the calculated deviation is less than 0.05V, the user terminal can determine that the information link is complete, indicating that the actual measured value highly matches the expected value, and the link transmission is normal. Simultaneously, the user terminal compares the deviation with a preset second threshold. For example, the second threshold can be set to 0.15V, and this second threshold is greater than the first threshold of 0.05V. Based on the comparison results, the user terminal makes a graded judgment: when the deviation is less than 0.05V, the user terminal judges the information link to be intact. When the deviation is greater than or equal to 0.05V and less than 0.15V, the user terminal judges the information link to be intact and can prompt the user or the backend system that the current deviation value is within the allowable deviation range, for example, it may be caused by slight fluctuations in ambient temperature or minor sensor errors. When the deviation is greater than or equal to 0.15V, the user terminal judges the information link to be impaired, which may mean that the data has been tampered with during transmission, or that there is a serious abnormality in the physical response of the battery module, requiring further inspection or intervention. In this way, the user terminal can make a more detailed and accurate assessment of the integrity of the information link, avoiding misjudgments that may be caused by a single threshold judgment, thereby improving the reliability of the entire detection method.

[0104] This application further proposes the following steps for triggering an instantaneous physical response in the battery physical entity after the battery module receives a verification command:

[0105] After receiving the verification command, the battery module obtains the battery module's operating status data;

[0106] Adjust the load parameters that trigger the instantaneous physical response based on the battery module's operating status data;

[0107] Based on the adjusted instantaneous physical response load parameters, the battery physical entity is controlled to apply an instantaneous load, thereby generating an instantaneous physical response.

[0108] Among them, the battery module's operating status data refers to real-time or near-real-time information reflecting the current working condition and health level of the battery module. Specifically, it can include parameters such as battery voltage, current, temperature, state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), and cycle count. Its purpose is to provide a basis for subsequent load parameter adjustments, ensuring that the transient physical response is carried out safely and effectively. Load parameters refer to adjustable quantities used to define the characteristics of the transient physical response. Specifically, they can include the amplitude, duration, waveform (e.g., pulse width, frequency), and application timing of the transient load. Its purpose is to dynamically optimize the intensity and mode of the transient physical response based on the battery module's operating status data to adapt to different battery operating conditions. Instantaneous load refers to the electrical energy consumption or output applied to the physical entity of the battery in a very short time. Specifically, it can be achieved by connecting or disconnecting a resistive, capacitive, or inductive load, or by controlling the power conversion circuit inside the battery to change the charging and discharging state of the battery in a short time. Its purpose is to cause rapid changes in battery voltage or current, thereby generating a measurable transient physical response.

[0109] This application's solution optimizes the triggering process of the instantaneous physical response by incorporating consideration of the battery module's operating status. Specifically, upon receiving a verification command, the battery module no longer directly applies a preset instantaneous load but first acquires its operating status data. This data provides a comprehensive view of the battery's current health condition and operating environment. Based on this operating status data, the system intelligently adjusts the load parameters that trigger the instantaneous physical response. For example, if the battery charge is low, the system can reduce the amplitude of the instantaneous load or shorten its duration to avoid over-discharge; if the battery temperature is high, the system can delay the response or select a milder load mode to prevent overheating. This dynamic adjustment ensures that the application of the instantaneous physical response is safe and harmless to the battery. Subsequently, based on these adjusted load parameters, the instantaneous load is precisely controlled to be applied to the battery physical entity, thereby generating the expected instantaneous physical response. This series of steps forms a closed-loop adaptive control mechanism, enabling the battery module to generate an instantaneous physical response in the optimal manner under any operating state. In this way, this solution not only solves the problem of potential adverse effects on the battery from directly triggering instantaneous physical responses, but more importantly, it ensures that the generated instantaneous physical responses are stable, controllable, and representative. In the entire new energy storage battery state detection method, this optimization enables the battery module to provide high-quality physical credentials, thereby improving the accuracy of user terminals comparing physical credentials with expected parameters and enhancing the reliability of information link integrity judgment. This refined management of the physical credential generation process allows the entire detection method to more accurately reflect the battery's true physical state while ensuring battery safety and lifespan, effectively combating potential information manipulation.

[0110] In some preferred embodiments, specifically, when the battery module receives a verification command from the central platform, its internal Battery Management System (BMS) immediately initiates a data acquisition program to obtain the battery module's operating status data. This data may include real-time monitored total battery voltage, individual cell voltages, charging and discharging currents, temperatures at multiple points within the battery, and estimated state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) using algorithms. For example, the BMS can read the most recent SOC and SOH values ​​from its internal memory and sample data from voltage, current, and temperature sensors in real time. Subsequently, the BMS invokes a preset load parameter adjustment strategy based on the acquired operating status data. This strategy can be a rule-based decision tree; for example, if the SOC is detected to be below 20%, the duration of the instantaneous load is shortened from the usual 50 milliseconds to 20 milliseconds, and the peak load current is reduced by 20%; if the temperature of any cell is detected to exceed 45 degrees Celsius, the triggering of the instantaneous physical response is delayed until the temperature returns to a safe range, or a smaller load resistance is selected for discharge. These strategies aim to balance the effectiveness of the instantaneous physical response with battery safety. Based on the adjusted load parameters, the BMS controls the physical battery to apply a transient load. This can be achieved by controlling the power electronic switches within the battery module. For example, a MOSFET switch can briefly connect a preset load resistor to the battery circuit, thereby drawing a current pulse of specific amplitude and duration from the battery for a very short time, generating a measurable voltage drop. This voltage drop is the transient physical response, and its characteristics will be measured and used for subsequent information link integrity verification.

[0111] This application further proposes steps for controlling the application of instantaneous loads to the battery physical entity, including:

[0112] Control the switching circuit inside the battery module to apply a momentary load to the physical battery.

[0113] Among them, the switching circuit refers to an electronic circuit that can quickly connect or disconnect the current path. It can be implemented using semiconductor devices such as power field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) and insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), or electromechanical components such as electromagnetic relays. Its purpose is to achieve precise and rapid control of the instantaneous load applied to the physical entity of the battery, thereby ensuring the stability and repeatability of the instantaneous physical response.

[0114] This application's solution integrates the instantaneous load application mechanism into the battery module and utilizes a switching circuit for control, achieving refined management of the instantaneous load applied to the battery physical entity. Specifically, after the battery module receives a verification command and acquires operational status data, it adjusts the load parameters of the instantaneous physical response based on this data. Subsequently, the control unit inside the battery module directly drives its integrated switching circuit to quickly connect or disconnect the load path connected to the battery physical entity according to the adjusted load parameters. For example, the duration, amplitude, and waveform of the current pulse or voltage step applied to the battery physical entity can be precisely controlled by controlling the on-time, duty cycle, or switching frequency of the switching circuit. This internal control method makes the instantaneous load application process rapid and highly repeatable, thus ensuring the comparability of each triggered instantaneous physical response. This method of applying instantaneous load through the battery module's internal switching circuit, closely integrated with the steps in the basic solution to trigger the battery physical entity to generate an instantaneous physical response, forms an efficient and reliable instantaneous physical response generation mechanism. It overcomes the limitations of external load application methods in terms of accuracy, response speed, and potential damage to the battery module. Through the rapid switching capability of the internal switching circuit, it can generate clearer and more stable instantaneous physical response signals, which is crucial for subsequent measurement of the instantaneous physical response and acquisition of its characteristic values, thus serving as physical evidence. This precise physical evidence generation capability significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the integrity judgment of the entire information link, enabling user terminals to more effectively verify whether the received battery status information truly originates from the physical battery entity, thereby solving the problem of compromised information link integrity.

[0115] In some preferred embodiments, controlling the switching circuitry within the battery module to apply a transient load to the battery physical entity can be achieved as follows: the battery management system (BMS) within the battery module integrates one or more power MOSFETs as switching circuits. These MOSFETs can be connected in series or parallel in the main discharge path of the battery module, or connected to a specific internal load resistor. When the BMS receives a command to trigger a transient physical response and calculates the transient load parameters to be applied based on the battery's operating status data (e.g., current charge, temperature, health status, etc.), the BMS's microcontroller unit (MCU) can generate a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal or a specific digital control signal. This signal is sent to the gate of the MOSFET, thereby precisely controlling the MOSFET's on and off states. For example, to apply a short-duration pulsed current load, the MCU can control the MOSFET to be fully turned on for a very short time (e.g., a few milliseconds to tens of milliseconds), causing the battery to discharge through a preset internal load resistor, generating a transient current drop, which is then quickly cut off. By adjusting the duty cycle or pulse width of the PWM signal, the intensity and duration of the transient load can be finely controlled. This approach ensures that the application of instantaneous loads is highly controllable and has a fast response speed. Furthermore, since the switching circuit is an inherent component of the battery module, it avoids the losses and uncertainties caused by external connections. At the same time, the design of the internal switching circuit can work in conjunction with the heat dissipation and protection mechanisms of the battery module, thereby avoiding unnecessary damage to the physical battery.

[0116] This application further provides instruction information including:

[0117] Mode information and / or parameter information used to indicate transient physical response.

[0118] The instruction information refers to the specific content used to trigger the instantaneous physical response of the battery entity, which can be implemented using data packets, control words, or specific coded sequences. The mode information refers to the specific data used to indicate the behavior or type of the instantaneous physical response, which can be implemented using enumerated values, preset codes, or functional flags. For example, it can indicate the type of instantaneous load (constant current, constant voltage, constant power), the method of load application (step, pulse, ramp), or the duration of the load. The parameter information refers to the specific values ​​used to indicate the intensity or amplitude of the instantaneous physical response, which can be implemented using numerical fields, scaling factors, or quantization levels. For example, it can specify the current magnitude, voltage range, or power level of the instantaneous load.

[0119] This application's solution introduces mode information and / or parameter information into the verification command, enabling the user terminal to finely control and customize the instantaneous physical response generated by the battery's physical entity. Specifically, when the command information includes mode information, the user terminal can flexibly select the type or behavior mode of the instantaneous physical response according to different detection requirements or battery states. For example, it can specify whether the battery module applies a constant current load, a constant voltage load, or a constant power load when generating an instantaneous physical response, or apply the load in a step, pulse, or ramp manner, and can even control the duration of the load. This mode selection allows the instantaneous physical response to more effectively excite the specific physical characteristics of the battery, thereby obtaining more representative feature values. Simultaneously, when the command information includes parameter information, the user terminal can precisely adjust the intensity or amplitude of the instantaneous physical response. For example, it can set the current magnitude, voltage range, or power level of the instantaneous load. By adjusting these parameters, it can ensure that the amplitude of the instantaneous physical response fully reflects the battery's response characteristics while avoiding unnecessary impact on the battery, and simultaneously ensuring the clarity of the response signal, facilitating subsequent feature value extraction and analysis. Because the command information can carry this detailed pattern and / or parameter information, the battery module, upon receiving the verification command, can generate a controllable and predictable instantaneous physical response based on this information. This controllability and predictability allow the user terminal to make judgments based on more accurate expected values ​​when subsequently comparing physical credentials and the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of information link integrity judgment. Compared to responses triggered by only a single, fixed command, this solution can dynamically adjust the behavior of the instantaneous physical response according to the actual application scenario and detection purpose, thereby more comprehensively and deeply probing the physical state of the battery, effectively identifying possible command deception or data tampering behavior on the platform, ensuring that the information received by the user truly originates from the physical entity of the battery, and thus solving the problem that relying solely on a single, untargeted command information cannot fully stimulate the response characteristics of the battery physical entity, or cannot flexibly adjust the instantaneous physical response behavior pattern according to different detection needs, thus limiting the accuracy and applicability of detection.

[0120] In some preferred embodiments, when sending a verification command, the user terminal can dynamically construct the command information based on the current battery state to be detected or the expected detection depth. For example, if the user terminal needs to detect the internal resistance characteristics of the battery under instantaneous high-current discharge, the command information can include mode information indicating that the instantaneous physical response mode is "constant current discharge," and parameter information indicating that the constant current discharge current magnitude is "5C rate." When the battery module receives such a verification command, its internal control unit will parse these mode and parameter information and control the battery physical entity accordingly, for example, by closing a specific switching circuit to make the battery instantaneously discharge at a constant current of 5C rate. In another example, if it is necessary to simulate the voltage recovery characteristics of the battery under a pulse load, the command information can include mode information indicating that the instantaneous physical response mode is "pulse discharge," and parameter information indicating that the pulse duration is "100 milliseconds" and the pulse amplitude is "20 amps." The battery module will precisely control the load to apply a 20-amp pulse current within 100 milliseconds according to these commands and measure the battery voltage response during this period. In this way, the instruction information is no longer a simple trigger signal, but contains a detailed description and quantitative requirements for the instantaneous physical response behavior, enabling the battery module to generate a highly customized physical response, thereby providing richer and more accurate physical evidence for subsequent feature value acquisition and information link integrity judgment.

[0121] This application further proposes the following steps for a user terminal to send a verification command:

[0122] Generate a verification command, and generate the corresponding data verification code based on the verification command;

[0123] The user terminal uses a preset key to sign the verification command and / or data verification code to generate a security credential for the verification command.

[0124] The user terminal sends a verification command, a data verification code, and a security credential for the verification command.

[0125] The data verification code is a short string or numerical value used to verify data integrity. It is specifically obtained by calculating the content of the verification command using a hash function (such as MD5 or SHA-256). Its purpose is to quickly detect whether the verification command has been accidentally modified or damaged during transmission. The preset key is a string of secret information pre-negotiated or distributed between the communicating parties (e.g., user terminal and battery module or central platform). It can be the private key in a symmetric or asymmetric key pair, used for encryption, decryption, or digital signature operations to ensure the confidentiality and authentication of communication. A signature is a process based on cryptographic principles, using a preset key to process data and generate a digital fingerprint. Specifically, it can be the encryption of the verification command or its hash value using a private key. Its purpose is to verify the source and integrity of the data, preventing data tampering or forgery. The security credential for the verification command is an additional piece of data generated through the signing process. Specifically, it can be the signature value obtained by digitally signing the verification command or its data verification code. Its purpose is to serve as proof of the authenticity and integrity of the verification command, ensuring that the recipient can verify the legitimacy of the command.

[0126] This application's solution generates a verification command and a corresponding data checksum before the user terminal sends the verification command, thus providing a preliminary verification basis for the command's integrity. The introduction of the data checksum allows the receiver to quickly detect whether any unexpected bit flips or tampering have occurred during command transmission. Based on this, the user terminal further signs the verification command and / or the data checksum using a preset key, generating a security credential for the verification command. This signing mechanism, relying on a preset key, prevents any unauthorized third party from forging or tampering with the command and its checksum without detection, effectively preventing man-in-the-middle attacks and data tampering. Finally, the user terminal sends the verification command, the data checksum, and the security credential together. This multi-layered transmission method allows the receiver to verify not only the integrity of the command through the data checksum but also the authenticity and origin of the command through the security credential, ensuring the secure transmission of the verification command in the information link.

[0127] Sending a verification command from the user terminal is the crucial initial step in triggering the instantaneous physical response of the battery. This solution strengthens the security of the verification command, ensuring its authenticity and lack of tampering. This guarantees the accuracy and reliability of the subsequent instantaneous physical response triggered by the battery module. Because the authenticity and integrity of the verification command are guaranteed, the instantaneous physical response generated by the battery module truly reflects the state of its physical entity after receiving a legitimate command. This, in turn, makes the user terminal's subsequent comparison of physical credentials and the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response, and the assessment of the information link's integrity, more reliable. This enhancement of command source security avoids the risk of the entire detection process failing due to command tampering or forgery, thus ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the entire information link integrity assessment.

[0128] In some preferred embodiments, this application is implemented as follows: When a user terminal needs to send a verification command to the battery module to trigger an instantaneous physical response, the user terminal's processor first generates a verification command according to a preset protocol and command format. For example, the command may contain specific pattern information and a load parameter. Subsequently, the processor calls a hash algorithm module, such as the SHA-256 algorithm, to calculate the entire content of the generated verification command, thereby obtaining a fixed-length hash value, which serves as the data verification code. Next, the user terminal uses its internally stored preset private key to sign the hash value (i.e., the data verification code) of the verification command using a digital signature algorithm (such as RSA or ECDSA), generating a digital signature string, which serves as the security credential for the verification command. Finally, the user terminal's communication module packages the original verification command, the calculated data verification code, and the generated digital signature string (security credential) into a data packet and sends it to the central platform via a wireless network, from which the central platform transmits it to the target battery module. After receiving the data packet, the battery module will first use the preset public key to verify the security credentials, and then recalculate the hash value of the received verification command and compare it with the received data verification code. Only when both are verified successfully will the verification command be considered genuine and tamper-proof, thereby triggering the corresponding instantaneous physical response.

[0129] By employing the aforementioned technical solution, during the user terminal's transmission of verification commands, a data verification code is generated and signed using a preset key. These code, along with the verification command, data verification code, and security credentials, are then transmitted simultaneously, effectively enhancing the security of the verification command during transmission. This allows the receiver to perform multiple verifications of the integrity and authenticity of the verification command, preventing malicious tampering or forgery. Therefore, this solution ensures that the subsequent battery module generates an instantaneous physical response based on a genuine and complete command, thereby guaranteeing the accuracy and reliability of battery status detection and effectively avoiding errors in information link integrity judgment due to command security issues.

[0130] This application further proposes the following steps for generating and sending back data from physical credentials and battery status information to the user terminal:

[0131] The battery module encrypts or digitally signs physical credentials and battery status information to generate data to be transmitted back.

[0132] The returned data is sent to the user terminal.

[0133] Encryption or digital signature processing refers to applying cryptographic techniques to data to ensure its confidentiality, integrity, or authenticity. Specifically, it can involve encrypting data using symmetric or asymmetric encryption algorithms to prevent information leakage; or generating digital signatures for data using hash functions and asymmetric keys to verify the source and integrity of the data. The purpose is to enhance the security of data during transmission and prevent data from being stolen or tampered with.

[0134] This application's solution encrypts or digitally signs key information such as physical credentials and battery status information before sending the returned data to the user terminal from the battery module, thus ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of the returned data during transmission. Because of the encryption, even if the data is illegally intercepted during transmission, its content cannot be easily deciphered, effectively preventing the leakage of sensitive battery status information. Simultaneously, through digital signature processing, the user terminal can verify the authenticity of the data source and whether the data has been tampered with during transmission after receiving the returned data, thereby ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the physical credentials and battery status information received by the user terminal. This processing method, combined with the mechanism in the basic solution that judges the integrity of the information link by comparing physical credentials with expected parameters, significantly improves the security of the entire information link. The basic solution can determine whether the information link has been tampered with by the platform, while this solution further ensures the security of the data itself in the transmission path from the battery module to the user terminal, avoiding the risk of data theft or tampering at the transmission layer. This provides a more solid data foundation for the user terminal to make the final judgment on the integrity of the information link, and ensures the reliability of the entire battery status detection method.

[0135] In some preferred embodiments, before forming the return data from physical credentials and battery status information, the battery module can perform symmetric encryption on this data using the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm. Specifically, the security module inside the battery module can pre-store a symmetric key shared with the user terminal. When return data needs to be sent, the battery module uses this key to encrypt the combination of physical credentials and battery status information, generating ciphertext return data. Furthermore, to further ensure data integrity and authenticity, the battery module can digitally sign either the encrypted or original data. For example, the battery module can calculate the SHA-256 hash value of this data and use its private key to perform an RSA digital signature on the hash value. Finally, the encrypted data and digital signature are encapsulated together into a return data packet and sent to the user terminal through an encrypted channel established by a Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. After receiving the return data, the user terminal first verifies the digital signature using the battery module's public key to confirm the integrity and origin of the data; then, it decrypts the encrypted data using the shared symmetric key, thereby securely obtaining the physical credentials and battery status information. In this way, even in insecure network environments, data can be effectively prevented from being stolen or tampered with during transmission, thus ensuring the security of information transmission.

[0136] refer to Figure 2 This application further proposes a new energy storage battery state detection system, applied to a new energy storage battery state detection method, the system comprising:

[0137] The sending module is used to send verification instructions, which include instruction information for triggering the battery physical entity to produce an instantaneous physical response;

[0138] The transparent transmission module is used to receive verification commands and transmit the verification commands to the battery module.

[0139] The processing module is used to receive a verification command, trigger the battery physical entity to generate an instantaneous physical response, measure the instantaneous physical response, and obtain the characteristic value of the instantaneous physical response.

[0140] The data acquisition module is used to collect battery status information;

[0141] The backhaul module is used to use the feature value as a physical credential. The physical credential and battery status information form backhaul data and are sent to the user terminal.

[0142] The parsing module is used to receive the returned data and parse out the physical credentials;

[0143] The acquisition module obtains the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response based on the model of the battery module;

[0144] The judgment module compares the expected parameters of the physical credentials and the instantaneous physical response with those of the user terminal. Based on the comparison results, the user terminal judges the integrity of the information link.

[0145] The system comprises the following modules: The sending module initiates data transmission and can be implemented using software programs, hardware circuits, or a combination of both. Its purpose is to initiate the verification process of the information link. The pass-through module forwards received data without modification and can be implemented using the forwarding layer, dedicated data link layer hardware, or software proxy in the communication protocol stack. Its purpose is to ensure that command information reaches the target device accurately. The processing module executes specific operations and obtains results and can be implemented using embedded controllers, microprocessors, or application-specific integrated circuits. Its purpose is to trigger and measure the battery's physical response. The acquisition module acquires sensor data and can be implemented using data acquisition chips, analog-to-digital converters, or sensor interface circuits. Its purpose is to obtain the battery's real-time operating status. The feedback module transmits the processing results and acquired data back to the battery. The packaging and sending functional unit, which can be implemented using a communication interface, data encapsulation protocol, or network transmission unit, aims to securely deliver the verification-required information and battery status information to the user terminal. The parsing module is responsible for extracting specific information from the received data; it can be implemented using a data parsing algorithm, protocol parser, or data structure processor, aiming to accurately identify physical credentials from the returned data. The acquisition module is responsible for retrieving or calculating target parameters based on input conditions; it can be implemented using a database query interface, parameter calculation model, or preset lookup table, aiming to provide benchmark parameters for judging the integrity of the information link. The judgment module is responsible for logically judging the input data according to preset rules; it can be implemented using a comparator, logical judgment algorithm, or decision engine, aiming to determine the integrity of the information link based on the comparison results.

[0146] This application's solution, through modular design, implements each key step in the new energy storage battery state detection method at the system level, thereby ensuring that the integrity detection of the information link does not depend on the security of the user terminal. Specifically, the sending module first initiates a verification command, which contains instructions to trigger the battery's physical entity to generate an instantaneous physical response, actively starting the verification process. After receiving this verification command, the pass-through module forwards it to the battery module without modification, ensuring the originality and accuracy of the command and avoiding tampering in intermediate links. On the battery module side, after receiving the command, the processing module triggers the battery's physical entity to generate a measurable instantaneous physical response and accurately measures this response to obtain its characteristic values, which provides direct evidence of the battery's physical state. At the same time, the acquisition module independently acquires the battery's routine state information. Subsequently, the return module encapsulates the acquired characteristic values ​​as physical credentials, along with the battery state information, into return data and sends it to the user terminal. The user terminal's parsing module is responsible for accurately extracting the physical credentials from the received return data. Then, the acquisition module independently acquires the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response based on the battery module model, providing a reliable benchmark for subsequent comparisons. Finally, the judgment module compares the physical credentials received by the user terminal with the expected parameters and determines the integrity of the information link based on the comparison result. This systematic implementation means that the integrity verification of the information link no longer relies solely on the user terminal's computing and judgment capabilities, but is accomplished through a system composed of multiple functional modules working collaboratively. This effectively solves the problem of the information link potentially being tampered with or intercepted by a central platform, improving the independence and reliability of the detection. By transforming the method steps into specific system modules, this application provides a physical-level guarantee, ensuring that even if the user terminal's security is insufficient or it is maliciously tampered with, the integrity of the information link can still be effectively verified, thereby ensuring that the battery status information obtained by the user is authentic and reliable.

[0147] In some preferred embodiments, the new energy storage battery status detection system can be implemented as follows: The sending module can be integrated into a user terminal application, such as a battery management app on a smartphone. When a user initiates a battery status query or integrity verification request, the app generates a verification command containing specific instruction information, such as an instruction to the battery module to perform a microsecond-level pulse discharge. The transparent transmission module can be deployed on the communication gateway server of the central platform. After receiving the verification command from the user terminal, it forwards the command directly to the target battery module via a wireless communication network (e.g., 4G / 5G or LoRa) without any modification or interception.

[0148] Inside the battery module, the processing module can be implemented by the main control chip of the Battery Management System (BMS). Upon receiving a verification command, this chip controls the load circuit inside the battery (such as a controllable resistor or MOSFET switch) to apply a transient load to the battery physical entity for a very short time (e.g., 100 microseconds), thereby generating a measurable transient voltage drop response. The BMS simultaneously measures the amplitude and duration of this transient voltage drop and uses them as characteristic values ​​of the transient physical response. Meanwhile, the acquisition module, such as voltage, current, and temperature sensors and data logging units inside the BMS, continuously acquires real-time operating parameters of the battery, such as current cell voltage, current, temperature, cycle count, and state of health (SOH).

[0149] The data transmission module, which can be implemented by the BMS's communication interface unit (such as a Bluetooth module or cellular communication module), encapsulates the acquired feature values ​​as physical credentials along with the collected battery status information into an encrypted data packet and transmits it back to the user terminal via a wireless network. Upon receiving the data packet, the user terminal's parsing module, acting as a data processing subroutine within the app, decrypts and extracts the physical credentials. The acquisition module, which can be a database query interface built into the app or a cloud API call interface, retrieves the expected parameters of the instantaneous physical response of the battery model under specific operating conditions from a preset parameter library based on the battery module model parsed from the transmitted data. Finally, the judgment module, acting as a logical judgment algorithm within the app, compares the parsed physical credentials with the acquired expected parameters, for example, calculating the deviation between the two, and displays the integrity judgment result of the information link to the user based on preset threshold rules, such as "information link intact" or "information link damaged."

[0150] Through the above technical solution, this system provides an independent and reliable mechanism to verify the integrity of the information link between the user terminal and the battery module. The system implements functions such as sending verification commands, transparent transmission, triggering and measuring battery physical responses, collecting battery status information, transmitting physical credentials and status information back, parsing physical credentials, acquiring expected parameters, and finally determining integrity through dedicated modules. This eliminates excessive reliance on the user terminal's processing power or security for information link integrity detection. Even if the central platform has potential risks of information tampering or interception, or if the user terminal itself has security vulnerabilities, this system can effectively identify anomalies in the information link through the generation and comparison of physical credentials. This ensures that the battery status information obtained by the user truly originates from the physical battery entity, thereby improving the transparency and reliability of battery status information and reducing operational risks and security hazards caused by information asymmetry.

[0151] The above-disclosed content is only a preferred and feasible embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical changes made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings are included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, the elements therein can be updated as technology develops.

Claims

1. A new energy storage battery state detection method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The user terminal sends a verification instruction, and the verification instruction comprises instruction information for triggering the battery physical entity to generate a transient physical response; The central platform receives the verification instruction and transmits the verification instruction to the battery module; After receiving the verification instruction, the battery module triggers the battery physical entity to generate a transient physical response, measures the transient physical response, and obtains characteristic values of the transient physical response; The battery module collects battery state information; The battery module sends the characteristic values to the user terminal as physical credentials, and the physical credentials and the battery state information form return data; The user terminal receives the return data and parses the physical credentials; The user terminal obtains expected parameters of the transient physical response according to the model of the battery module; The user terminal compares the physical credentials with the expected parameters of the transient physical response, and judges the integrity of the information link according to the comparison result.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: After receiving the verification instruction, the battery module triggers the battery physical entity to generate a transient physical response, measures the transient physical response, and obtains characteristic values of the transient physical response, which comprises the following steps: Synchronously measure the cell voltage and the battery current of the battery module during the generation of the transient physical response by the battery physical entity; Obtain the battery internal resistance of the battery module; Calculate the voltage variation caused by the battery current according to the battery current and the battery internal resistance; Correct the cell voltage based on the voltage variation, and obtain the net voltage drop value of the transient physical response after correction; Take the net voltage drop value of the transient physical response as the characteristic value of the transient physical response.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: The user terminal obtains the expected parameters of the transient physical response according to the model of the battery module, which comprises the following steps: The user terminal parses the battery state information from the return data; The user terminal obtains the current operating parameters of the battery from the battery state information; The user terminal determines the expected parameters of the transient physical response corresponding to the model of the battery module from the preset parameter adjustment rule or lookup table according to the current operating parameters of the battery.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: The user terminal compares the physical credentials with the expected parameters of the transient physical response, and judges the integrity of the information link according to the comparison result, which comprises the following steps: Calculate the deviation between the physical credentials and the expected parameters of the transient physical response; Compare the deviation with a preset first threshold value; Compare the deviation with a preset second threshold value, and the second threshold value is greater than the first threshold value; The user terminal judges the integrity of the information link according to the comparison result, wherein when the deviation is less than the first threshold value, it is judged that the information link is complete; when the deviation is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and less than the second threshold value, it is judged that the information link is complete, and the corresponding deviation value is within the allowed deviation range; when the deviation is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, it is judged that the integrity of the information link is damaged.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: After receiving the verification instruction, the battery module triggers the battery physical entity to generate a transient physical response, which comprises the following steps: After receiving the verification instruction, the battery module obtains the operating state data of the battery module; Adjust the load parameters of the triggered transient physical response according to the operating state data of the battery module; Control the battery physical entity to apply a transient load to generate a transient physical response according to the adjusted load parameters of the transient physical response.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises: The step of controlling the battery physical entity to apply the transient load comprises: controlling a switch circuit inside the battery module to apply the transient load to the battery physical entity.

7. The method for detecting the state of a new energy storage battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The instruction information comprises mode information for instructing the transient physical response and / or parameter information for instructing the transient physical response.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: The step of sending the verification instruction by the user terminal comprises: generating the verification instruction and generating a corresponding data check code based on the verification instruction; the user terminal signs the verification instruction and / or the data check code by using a preset key to generate a security credential of the verification instruction; the user terminal sends the verification instruction, the data check code and the security credential of the verification instruction.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: The step of sending the backhaul data formed by the physical credential and the battery state information to the user terminal comprises: the battery module encrypts or digitally signs the physical credential and the battery state information to generate the backhaul data; the backhaul data is sent to the user terminal. 10.A new energy storage battery state detection system, applied to the new energy storage battery state detection method of claim 1, characterized in that, The system comprises: a sending module configured to send a verification instruction, the verification instruction comprising instruction information for triggering a battery physical entity to generate a transient physical response; a transparent transmission module configured to receive the verification instruction and transparently transmit the verification instruction to a battery module; a processing module configured to, after receiving the verification instruction, trigger the battery physical entity to generate the transient physical response, measure the transient physical response and obtain a characteristic value of the transient physical response; a collection module configured to collect battery state information; a backhaul module configured to send backhaul data formed by the characteristic value as a physical credential and the battery state information to a user terminal; an analysis module configured to receive the backhaul data and analyze the physical credential; an acquisition module configured to acquire an expected parameter of the transient physical response according to a model of the battery module; a judgment module configured to compare the physical credential and the expected parameter of the transient physical response by the user terminal, and the user terminal judges integrity of an information link according to a comparison result.

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