Fireproof impact-resistant cable

Abstract

The invention discloses a fireproof impact-resistant cable, and belongs to the technical field of power cables. Comprising a plurality of insulating wire cores, an armor layer, a filler and a sheath layer, and the sheath layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 113-125 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 12-22 parts of a toughening flame retardant, 6-10 parts of a dispersing agent, 5-6 parts of a vulcanizing agent and 1-2 parts of zinc oxide. According to the cable prepared by the invention, the filler is added between the insulated cable and the armor layer, and the filler contains a plurality of functional materials, so that the impact resistance and fireproof performance of the cable can be improved; the toughening flame retardant is prepared through a three-step reaction, and the toughening flame retardant is used as one of raw materials of the sheath layer, so that the impact resistance and fireproof performance of the cable are further improved; therefore, the cable prepared by the invention has impact resistance and fireproof performance, can be used in various environments, and has important application value in the technical field of power cables.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of power cables, and particularly relates to a fireproof and impact-resistant cable. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of modern power systems and communication networks, cables, as the core carriers of electric energy transmission and information transmission, have increasingly high performance requirements. Especially in special application scenarios such as high-rise buildings, underground tunnels, petrochemical industry, and rail transit, cables not only need to have excellent electrical conductivity and signal transmission capability, but also must meet strict fire safety and mechanical protection requirements. However, the application of traditional cables in complex environments has significant limitations, and the reliability problem under the dual threat of fire and mechanical impact needs to be solved.

[0003] The insulating layer and sheath material of traditional cables are mostly made of conventional polymer materials such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE), which have certain flame retardance and mechanical strength, but are easy to decompose and burn under high temperature or open flame conditions, releasing a large amount of toxic smoke and corrosive gas, which not only accelerates the spread of fire, but also causes secondary harm to personnel escape and rescue. Although some improved cables add inorganic flame retardants such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide to improve the flame retardance level, the introduction of excessive fillers often sacrifices the flexibility and processing performance of the materials, and at the same time faces problems such as low flame retardant efficiency and high smoke density.

[0004] On the other hand, cables are inevitably subjected to external impact during installation and operation, such as construction dragging, equipment vibration, rock extrusion, or human damage. The ordinary sheath material is easy to crack or perforate after impact, causing water and chemical medium to invade, and causing partial discharge or short circuit.

[0005] In summary, there is an urgent need to develop a cable that has both high-efficiency fireproof performance and excellent impact resistance, to meet the higher demands of the power cable technical field. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a fireproof and impact-resistant cable.

[0007] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A fireproof and impact-resistant cable, comprising a plurality of insulated cores, an armor layer, a filler, and a sheath layer; the material of the sheath layer comprises the following raw materials by mass: 113-125 parts of ethylene propylene diene rubber, 12-22 parts of a toughening flame retardant, 6-10 parts of a dispersing agent, 5-6 parts of a vulcanizing agent, and 1-2 parts of zinc oxide.

[0008] The armor layer is arranged outside the insulated cable; The filler is filled between the insulated cable and the armor layer; The insulated core is composed of a conductor and an insulating layer covering the surface of the conductor.

[0009] Preferably, the material of the insulating layer is silicone rubber.

[0010] Preferably, the material of the conductor is copper.

[0011] Preferably, the material of the armored layer is galvanized steel strip.

[0012] Preferably, the filler includes the following components in terms of mass percentage: 35-45% silicate-based binder, 20-30% alumina powder, 15-20% silicon carbide whisker, 10-15% zirconium oxide, and 5-10% zinc borate.

[0013] Preferably, the dispersant is one of oleamide, stearic acid, and polyethylene wax.

[0014] Preferably, the vulcanizing agent is one of di-tert-butyl peroxide and dicumyl peroxide.

[0015] Preferably, the toughening flame retardant is prepared by the following steps: Step 1: sequentially add diethylenetriamine, stearic acid, and N,N-dimethylformamide into a three-necked flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer, a condenser, and a thermometer, heat to 30℃ and continuously stir to mix uniformly, then add dicyclohexyl carbodiimide and introduce nitrogen to remove air, heat to 50℃, and keep the temperature for 5h of reaction, filter after the reaction is completed, remove the solvent by reduced pressure distillation, wash with anhydrous ethanol multiple times, and vacuum dry to obtain product A; The reaction principle of Step 1 is that diethylenetriamine and stearic acid undergo amidation reaction under the catalysis of dicyclohexyl carbodiimide, and the molar ratio of stearic acid to diethylenetriamine is 2:1 to make the reaction proceed fully; the reaction formula is as follows: Step 2: sequentially add phenylphosphonic dichloride, stearylamine, potassium carbonate, and N,N-dimethylformamide into a three-necked flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer, a condenser, and a thermometer, heat the device under a nitrogen atmosphere, maintain the temperature at 65℃ when the temperature reaches 65℃, and stir for 6h of reaction, filter while hot after the reaction is completed, remove part of the solvent by rotary evaporation, then use a petroleum ether-ethyl acetate (4:1, v / v) elution system for column chromatography purification, remove the eluent by rotary evaporation, and obtain product B; The reaction principle of Step 2 is that phenylphosphonic dichloride and stearylamine undergo nucleophilic substitution under the catalysis of potassium carbonate, and the molar ratio of the two is controlled at 1:1 (phenylphosphonic dichloride is slightly excessive) to reduce the occurrence of side reactions; the reaction formula is as follows: Step 3, the product A, the product B, potassium carbonate and N, N-dimethylformamide are sequentially added into a three-necked flask provided with a magnetic stirrer, a condenser and a thermometer, nitrogen gas is introduced as a protective gas, the reaction temperature is set to 75 DEG C, and the reaction is stirred for 6 hours; after the reaction is completed, the reaction solution is first spin-evaporated, then column chromatography purification is carried out by using a petroleum ether-ethyl acetate (5:1, v / v) elution system, and finally residual eluent is removed by vacuum distillation to obtain the toughening flame retardant; The reaction principle of step 3 is that product A and product B undergo a nucleophilic substitution reaction, potassium carbonate is used as an acid-binding agent to remove hydrogen chloride generated in the reaction, and the reaction is catalyzed; the reaction formula is as follows: The toughening flame retardant is prepared by three steps in the application, the preparation principle is simple, the toughening flame retardant prepared contains three long-chain alkanes in the molecule, the long-chain alkanes are linear and nonpolar structures, the carbon-carbon single bond (C-C) can rotate freely, and the chain segment is highly flexible. When the material is impacted by external force, the long-chain alkanes absorb energy by chain segment slipping, twisting and stretching, avoid rapid rupture caused by stress concentration, and greatly improve the impact resistance of the matrix; in addition, the toughening flame retardant molecule also contains P=O structure, which can generate active substances such as phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid at high temperature, catalyze the dehydration and carbonization of the polymer, form a dense carbon layer, cover the surface of the material, block the diffusion of heat and oxygen, and also form P-N synergistic flame retardant components by connecting phosphorus and nitrogen, which can capture high-activity free radicals such as H· and HO· in the gas phase, interrupt the combustion chain reaction, and also condense into a dense, heat-insulating and oxygen-blocking carbon layer, effectively preventing heat transfer, inhibiting the volatilization of flammable gas, and blocking oxygen from entering the combustion zone, thereby achieving self-extinguishing effect and further improving the fire resistance of the matrix.

[0016] Preferably, the amount ratio of diethylenetriamine, stearic acid, N, N-dimethylformamide and dicyclohexyl carbodiimide in step 1 is 10.3g:58.4g:150mL:41.2g.

[0017] Preferably, the amount ratio of phenylphosphonic dichloride, stearylamine, N, N-dimethylformamide and potassium carbonate in step 2 is 21.3g:26.9g:150mL:13.7g.

[0018] Preferably, the amount ratio of product A, product B, potassium carbonate and N, N-dimethylformamide in step 3 is 63.5g:42.7g:13.8g:200mL.

[0019] The application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The cable prepared in the application can improve the impact resistance and fire resistance of the cable by adding a filler between the insulating cable and the armored layer, and the filler contains a plurality of functional materials. 2、The toughening flame retardant is prepared through three steps, and is used as one of raw materials of the sheath layer, so that the impact resistance and fireproof performance of the cable are further improved. Therefore, the cable prepared by the application has the impact resistance and fireproof performance, can be used in various environments, and has important application value in the technical field of power cables. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0021] Embodiment one Preparation of the toughening flame retardant: Step 1, 10.3 g of diethylenetriamine, 58.4 g of stearic acid and 150 ml of N,N-dimethylformamide are sequentially added into a three-necked flask provided with a magnetic stirrer, a condenser and a thermometer, heated to 30 DEG C and continuously stirred to mix uniformly, then 41.2 g of dicyclohexyl carbodiimide is added, and nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the temperature is raised to 50 DEG C, and the reaction is kept for 5 h, the reaction is completed, filtered, and the solvent is removed by vacuum distillation, and the product A is obtained after washing with anhydrous ethanol for multiple times and vacuum drying; Step 2, 21.3 g of phenyl phosphinic dichloride, 26.9 g of stearic amine, 13.7 g of potassium carbonate and 150 ml of N,N-dimethylformamide are sequentially added into a three-necked flask provided with a magnetic stirrer, a condenser and a thermometer, and the device is heated under a nitrogen atmosphere, when the temperature reaches 65 DEG C, the temperature is maintained, and the reaction is stirred for 6 h, the reaction is completed, and the reaction liquid is filtered while hot, part of the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation, and then column chromatography purification is carried out by using a petroleum ether-ethyl acetate (4:1, v / v) elution system, and the eluent is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain the product B; Step 3, 63.5 g of the product A, 42.7 g of the product B, 13.8 g of potassium carbonate and 200 ml of N,N-dimethylformamide are sequentially added into a three-necked flask provided with a magnetic stirrer, a condenser and a thermometer, nitrogen is introduced as a protective gas, the reaction temperature is set to 75 DEG C, and the reaction is stirred for 6 h, after the reaction is completed, the reaction liquid is first rotary evaporated, then column chromatography purification is carried out by using a petroleum ether-ethyl acetate (5:1, v / v) elution system, and finally the residual eluent is removed by vacuum distillation to obtain the toughening flame retardant.

[0022] Embodiment two Preparation of the material of the sheath layer: Put 113 g of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, 12 g of toughened flame retardant prepared in Example One, 6 g of oleamide, 5 g of dicumyl peroxide and 1 g of zinc oxide into a torque rheometer for melt blending. The melt blend is vulcanized in a flat press to obtain the material for the sheath layer.

[0023] Example Three Preparation of the material for the sheath layer: Put 119 g of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, 17 g of toughened flame retardant prepared in Example One, 8 g of polyethylene wax, 6 g of di-tert-butyl peroxide and 2 g of zinc oxide into a torque rheometer for melt blending. The melt blend is vulcanized in a flat press to obtain the material for the sheath layer.

[0024] Example Four Preparation of the material for the sheath layer: Put 125 g of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, 22 g of toughened flame retardant prepared in Example One, 10 g of stearic acid, 6 g of di-tert-butyl peroxide and 2 g of zinc oxide into a torque rheometer for melt blending. The melt blend is vulcanized in a flat press to obtain the material for the sheath layer.

[0025] Example Five A metal copper material is drawn into a wire by a wire drawing machine to form a conductor. A silicone rubber is extruded to coat the surface of the conductor to form an insulation layer, thereby obtaining an insulated core. A plurality of insulated cores are twisted with each other and filled with a filler in the twisted gap. Then, the insulated core is wrapped with a galvanized steel belt to form an armor layer. Finally, 125 g of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, 22 g of toughened flame retardant prepared in Example One, 10 g of stearic acid, 6 g of di-tert-butyl peroxide and 2 g of zinc oxide are put into a torque rheometer for melt blending. The mixture is extruded by an extruder to coat the surface of the armor layer, and then vulcanized to obtain a fireproof and impact-resistant cable. The filler includes the following components in percentage by mass: 35-45% silicate-based binder, 20-30% alumina powder, 15-20% silicon carbide whisker, 10-15% zirconium oxide and 5-10% zinc borate.

[0026] Comparative Example One A commercially available flame retardant is used to replace the toughened flame retardant in Example Five in the same mass, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example Four to obtain the material.

[0027] Comparative Example Two A commercially available ethylene-propylene-diene cable material is used.

[0028] The following performance tests are conducted on the materials in Examples Two, Three, Four and Comparative Examples One and Two: The notched impact strength is tested according to the national standard GB / T 1043.1-2008; The limiting oxygen index of the sample is determined by using the national standard GB / T 10707-2008; The measured results are shown in the following table: Test item Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Notched Charpy impact strength / (kJ / m 2 )]]> 25.9 27.3 28.5 18.3 20.1 Limiting oxygen index / % 28.1 28.7 29.2 26.4 19.7 From the above table, it can be seen that the cable sheath layer material prepared in the embodiment of the application has high impact resistance and fire resistance, and has important application value in the field of power cable technology.

[0029] In the description of the specification, the description of the reference terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0030] The above is only an example and description of the application, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar ways to replace, which should be within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A fireproof and impact-resistant cable, comprising a plurality of insulating cores, an armor layer, a filler and a sheath layer, characterized in that: The material of the sheath layer includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 113-125 parts of EPDM rubber, 12-22 parts of toughening flame retardant, 6-10 parts of dispersant, 5-6 parts of vulcanizing agent, and 1-2 parts of zinc oxide.

2. A fireproof and impact-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The toughening flame retardant is prepared by the following steps: Step 1: Add diethylenetriamine, stearic acid and N,N-dimethylformamide into a flask, heat to 30°C and stir to mix, then add dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, introduce nitrogen, heat to 50°C, keep warm and react for 5 hours. The reaction is completed to obtain product A; Step 2: Add phenylphosphonic acid dichloride, stearylamine, potassium carbonate and N,N-dimethylformamide into a flask, heat under a nitrogen atmosphere, and stir at 65° C. for 6 hours. The reaction is completed to obtain product B; Step 3: Add product A, product B, potassium carbonate and N,N-dimethylformamide into a flask, introduce nitrogen, and stir the reaction at 75° C. for 6 hours. The reaction is completed to obtain a toughened flame retardant.

3. A fireproof and impact-resistant cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the ratio of diethylenetriamine, stearic acid, N,N-dimethylformamide, and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide is 10.3 g:58.4 g:150 mL:41.2 g.

4. The fireproof and impact-resistant cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the ratio of phenylphosphonic acid dichloride, stearylamine, N,N-dimethylformamide, and potassium carbonate is 21.3 g:26.9 g:150 mL:13.7 g.

5. The fireproof and impact-resistant cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 3, the ratio of product A, product B, potassium carbonate, and N,N-dimethylformamide used is 63.5 g:42.7 g:13.8 g:200 mL.

6. The fireproof and impact-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersant is one of oleamide, stearic acid and polyethylene wax.

7. The fireproof and impact-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vulcanizing agent is one of di-tert-butyl peroxide and dicumyl peroxide.

8. The fireproof and impact-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler comprises the following components by mass percentage: 35-45% silicate-based binder, 20-30% alumina powder, 15-20% silicon carbide whiskers, 10-15% zirconium oxide, and 5-10% zinc borate.

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