Intelligent micro-grid control system for realizing high-speed communication based on FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent micro-grid control system for realizing high-speed communication based on an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and relates to the technical field of micro-grid control. The system comprises a main control module, a distributed energy control module, a load management module, a communication module and a monitoring module, the communication module adopts an FPGA as a core processing unit, and high-speed data interaction among the modules is realized through a parallel processing architecture. Through the high-speed parallel processing capacity and the reconfigurable characteristic of the FPGA, the problems of large communication delay, poor real-time performance, insufficient expansibility and the like existing in an existing micro-grid control system are solved, the requirements of distributed energy rapid access and dynamic load adjustment in an intelligent micro-grid can be met, and the stability and economical efficiency of micro-grid operation are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of micro-grid control, and particularly relates to an intelligent micro-grid control system based on FPGA for realizing high-speed communication. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of renewable energy technology and the proposal of the concept of smart grid, micro-grid, as a small power system integrating distributed energy, energy storage devices and loads, has attracted widespread attention. Intelligent micro-grid can realize efficient utilization and flexible scheduling of energy, and improve the reliability and economy of the power system.

[0003] However, the existing intelligent micro-grid control system has the following problems:

[0004] The micro-grid contains a large number of distributed energy and load devices, which need real-time data interaction and control. The existing control system mostly uses traditional microprocessors as communication processing units, which have slow processing speed and are difficult to meet real-time requirements. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an intelligent micro-grid control system based on FPGA for realizing high-speed communication to solve the problems proposed in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An intelligent micro-grid control system based on FPGA for realizing high-speed communication, comprising:

[0008] A main control module for globally coordinating and optimally controlling the entire micro-grid system;

[0009] At least one distributed energy control module for controlling the operating state and output of the distributed energy;

[0010] At least one load management module for monitoring and controlling the load devices in the micro-grid;

[0011] A communication module using FPGA as the core processing unit for realizing data transmission between the main control module, the distributed energy control module and the load management module;

[0012] A monitoring module connected with the main control module for real-time display of the operating state and parameters of the micro-grid;

[0013] The communication module realizes parallel processing of multiple communication protocols including but not limited to Ethernet, CAN bus and wireless communication protocols through FPGA, and the FPGA of the communication module is internally integrated with data encryption / decryption units and data compression / decompression units.

[0014] Preferably, the main control module comprises:

[0015] An energy optimization unit for formulating an energy scheduling strategy according to the output characteristics of the distributed energy and the load demand;

[0016] A security and stability unit for monitoring the operating state of the microgrid and taking protective measures when an abnormality occurs;

[0017] An interface unit for data interaction with the communication module.

[0018] The distributed energy control module comprises:

[0019] An energy monitoring unit for collecting operating parameters of the distributed energy;

[0020] A local control unit for controlling the operation of the distributed energy according to the instructions of the main control module and the local monitoring data;

[0021] A communication interface unit for data transmission with the main control module through the communication module.

[0022] Preferably, the FPGA of the communication module is configured with:

[0023] A plurality of protocol processing engines, each corresponding to a communication protocol, for parallel processing of data packets of different protocols;

[0024] A data forwarding unit for forwarding the processed data packets to the corresponding modules according to the destination addresses of the data packets;

[0025] A bandwidth management unit for dynamically allocating communication bandwidth according to the communication needs of each module;

[0026] A fault detection and recovery unit for monitoring the state of the communication link and automatically switching to a backup communication link when a fault occurs.

[0027] Preferably, the system further comprises a storage energy control module for controlling the charging and discharging state of the storage energy device to maintain the power balance of the microgrid.

[0028] Preferably, an intelligent microgrid control method based on FPGA for high-speed communication comprises the following steps:

[0029] S1: The distributed energy control module and the load management module collect their own operating data and send them to the main control module through the communication module;

[0030] S2: The main control module formulates an energy scheduling strategy and a load control strategy according to the received data and issues them to the corresponding modules through the communication module;

[0031] S3: each module adjusts and controls according to the instruction of the main control module;

[0032] In steps S1 and S2, the communication module uses FPGA as the core processing unit to realize high-speed parallel transmission and processing of data.

[0033] Preferably, in step S2, when the main control module formulates the energy scheduling strategy, the output prediction of the distributed energy, the load demand prediction and the state of the energy storage device are comprehensively considered.

[0034] Preferably, when the communication module transmits data, the data is first encrypted and compressed, and then transmitted; when receiving data, the data is first decrypted and decompressed, and then forwarded to the corresponding module.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the application provides an intelligent micro-grid control system based on FPGA to realize high-speed communication, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] Low communication delay and good real-time performance: the FPGA is used as the core processing unit of the communication module, and its high-speed parallel processing capability is used to realize parallel processing of multiple communication protocols, greatly improving the speed of data transmission and processing, reducing the communication delay, and meeting the real-time control requirements of the micro-grid.

[0037] Strong scalability: FPGA has reconfigurable characteristics, when new distributed energy or load devices need to be connected, the configuration of FPGA only needs to be modified to support new communication protocols and interfaces, without the need for large-scale hardware modification, and the scalability is strong.

[0038] High security: the FPGA of the communication module is internally integrated with a data encryption / decryption unit, which encrypts the transmitted data, effectively preventing data leakage and attacks, and improving the security of the system.

[0039] Stable and reliable operation: the communication module is provided with a fault detection and recovery unit, which can monitor the state of the communication link in real time, automatically switch to the backup communication link when a fault occurs, ensure the continuity and reliability of the communication, and improve the stability of the operation of the entire micro-grid system.

[0040] High energy utilization efficiency: the main control module can formulate an optimized energy scheduling strategy according to the output characteristics of the distributed energy, the load demand and the state of the energy storage device, realize efficient utilization of energy, and improve the economic efficiency of the micro-grid operation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0042] The present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0043] The intelligent micro-grid control system for realizing high-speed communication based on FPGA provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises a main control module, a distributed energy control module, a load management module, a communication module, a monitoring module and an energy storage control module.

[0044] The main control module comprises an energy optimization unit, a safety and stability unit and an interface unit. The energy optimization unit formulates an optimal energy scheduling strategy by using a genetic algorithm according to the distributed energy output data sent by the distributed energy control module, the load demand data sent by the load management module and the energy storage device state data sent by the energy storage control module. The safety and stability unit monitors the operating parameters such as voltage, current and frequency of the micro-grid in real time, and takes protective measures such as load shedding and adjustment of distributed energy output when detecting that the parameters are out of the normal range. The interface unit is connected with the communication module by using a high-speed serial interface to realize the interaction of data.

[0045] The distributed energy control module is provided with multiple modules corresponding to different types of distributed energy such as solar photovoltaic, wind energy and micro gas turbine. Each distributed energy control module comprises an energy monitoring unit, a local control unit and a communication interface unit. The energy monitoring unit collects the operating parameters such as output voltage, current and power of the distributed energy by using sensors. The local control unit adopts an STM32 series microcontroller, and adjusts the output of the distributed energy by controlling devices such as inverters and converters according to the instructions of the main control module and the local monitoring data. The communication interface unit is connected with the communication module by using a CAN bus.

[0046] The load management module is provided with multiple modules corresponding to different types of loads such as industrial load, commercial load and residential load. The structure of the load management module is similar to that of the distributed energy control module, and comprises a load monitoring unit, a load control unit and a communication interface unit, which are used for monitoring the power consumption of the load and controlling the load according to the instructions of the main control module, such as removing non-essential loads and adjusting the operating power of the load.

[0047] The communication module uses a Xilinx Kintex-7 series FPGA as its core processing unit. It is internally equipped with multiple protocol processing engines, a data forwarding unit, a bandwidth management unit, a fault detection and recovery unit, a data encryption / decryption unit, and a data compression / decompression unit. The protocol processing engines include Ethernet, CAN bus, and ZigBee, each responsible for processing data packets corresponding to different communication protocols. The data forwarding unit forwards processed data packets to the appropriate module based on the destination address information in the packet header. The bandwidth management unit uses a token bucket algorithm to dynamically allocate communication bandwidth based on the communication priority and data volume of each module. The fault detection and recovery unit monitors the status of the communication link by sending heartbeat packets. If no heartbeat response is received repeatedly, the communication link is deemed faulty and automatically switches to a backup link. The data encryption / decryption unit uses the AES encryption algorithm to encrypt and decrypt data, while the data compression / decompression unit uses the LZ77 compression algorithm to compress and decompress data to reduce data transmission volume.

[0048] The monitoring module uses an industrial touch screen as a display device, which is connected to the main control module via Ethernet. It displays the operating status parameters of the microgrid in real time, such as the output of each distributed energy source, the power consumption of each load, the charging and discharging status of the energy storage device, etc., and provides a human-computer interaction interface to facilitate manual control and parameter setting by operators.

[0049] The energy storage control module is used to control the charge and discharge status of the battery energy storage system. It includes an energy storage monitoring unit, a charge and discharge control unit, and a communication interface unit. The energy storage monitoring unit collects battery parameters such as voltage, current, and SOC (State of Charge). The charge and discharge control unit controls the operating state of the charge and discharge circuits based on instructions from the main control module and the battery status, thus managing the battery's charge and discharge. The communication interface unit connects to the communication module via Ethernet.

[0050] The smart microgrid control method for achieving high-speed communication based on FPGA in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0051] S1: The energy monitoring unit of the distributed energy control module collects the operating parameters of the distributed energy once every 10ms, the load monitoring unit of the load management module collects the power consumption parameters of the load once every 10ms, and the energy storage monitoring unit of the energy storage control module collects the battery status parameters once every 10ms. These parameters are sent to the main control module through the communication module.

[0052] In the data transmission process, the FPGA of the communication module first performs AES encryption and LZ77 compression on the collected data, then according to the source and type of the data, the corresponding protocol processing engine performs protocol processing, and then through the data forwarding unit, the data is forwarded to the main control module.

[0053] S2: After the interface unit of the main control module receives the data, the data is sent to the energy optimization unit and the security and stability unit respectively. The energy optimization unit formulates an energy dispatching strategy every 100 ms using a genetic algorithm based on the received data and in combination with the output prediction model of the distributed energy and the load demand prediction model. The security and stability unit monitors the operating parameters of the microgrid in real time and generates a protection instruction immediately when an abnormality is detected. The energy dispatching strategy and the protection instruction are issued to the corresponding modules through the communication module.

[0054] S3: After the distributed energy control module, the load management module and the energy storage control module receive the instructions from the main control module, they perform corresponding adjustments and controls through the local control unit, the load control unit and the charge-discharge control unit respectively, so as to ensure the stable operation of the microgrid and the optimal utilization of energy.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or replace some of the technical features with equivalent ones, as long as they are within the spirit and principles of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the scope of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An intelligent microgrid control system based on FPGA to achieve high-speed communication, characterized in that: include: The main control module is used to globally coordinate and optimize the control of the entire microgrid system; At least one distributed energy control module, used to control the operating status and output of distributed energy; at least one load management module, configured to monitor and control load devices in the microgrid; The communication module uses FPGA as the core processing unit to realize data transmission between the main control module, distributed energy control module and load management module; The monitoring module is connected to the main control module and is used to display the operating status and parameters of the microgrid in real time; The communication module implements parallel processing of multiple communication protocols through FPGA, including but not limited to Ethernet, CAN bus and wireless communication protocols, and the FPGA of the communication module integrates a data encryption / decryption unit and a data compression / decompression unit.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The main control module includes: Energy optimization unit, used to formulate energy scheduling strategies based on the output characteristics and load requirements of distributed energy; Safety and stability unit, used to monitor the operating status of the microgrid and take protective measures when abnormalities occur; The interface unit is used to exchange data with the communication module.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The distributed energy control module includes: Energy monitoring unit, used to collect operating parameters of distributed energy; The local control unit is used to control the operation of the distributed energy according to the instructions of the main control module and the local monitoring data; The communication interface unit is used to transmit data with the main control module through the communication module.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The FPGA of the communication module is configured with: Multiple protocol processing engines, each corresponding to a communication protocol, for processing data packets of different protocols in parallel; A data forwarding unit is used to forward the processed data packets to the corresponding modules according to the destination addresses of the data packets; Bandwidth management unit, used to dynamically allocate communication bandwidth according to the communication needs of each module; The fault detection and recovery unit is used to monitor the status of the communication link and automatically switch to the backup communication link when a fault occurs.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The system further includes an energy storage control module, which is used to control the charge and discharge state of the energy storage device to maintain the power balance of the microgrid.

6. A smart microgrid control method based on FPGA to achieve high-speed communication, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The distributed energy control module and the load management module collect their respective operating data and send them to the main control module through the communication module; S2: The main control module formulates energy scheduling strategy and load control strategy based on the received data, and sends them to the corresponding modules through the communication module; S3: Each module performs corresponding adjustment and control according to the instructions of the main control module; Among them, in steps S1 and S2, the communication module uses FPGA as the core processing unit to achieve high-speed parallel transmission and processing of data.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that In step S2, when the main control module formulates the energy scheduling strategy, it comprehensively considers the output forecast of distributed energy, the load demand forecast and the status of the energy storage device.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that When transmitting data, the communication module first encrypts and compresses the data before transmitting it; when receiving data, it first decrypts and decompresses the data before forwarding it to the corresponding module.