Solar photovoltaic panel mounting rack with adjustable mounting angle

Abstract

The present application relates to photovoltaic panel support structure technical field, specifically disclose the solar photovoltaic panel mounting bracket of adjusting installation angle, including installation base frame, drive rotation assembly, photovoltaic power generation assembly and self-cleaning assembly;The installation base frame includes the storage base;The photovoltaic power generation assembly includes photovoltaic installation base plate and at least three photovoltaic panels arranged and installed in the photovoltaic installation base plate;The drive rotation assembly is used for adjusting the azimuth of the photovoltaic power generation assembly in the storage base, so that the photovoltaic power generation assembly is switched between the horizontal, inclined and vertical three states.The present application only needs to be raised by the drive rotation assembly, and the photovoltaic power generation assembly can be put into daily power generation operation, which saves time and effort, and the angle of the photovoltaic power generation assembly can be further adjusted by the drive rotation assembly, so that the angle of the photovoltaic power generation assembly can be further adjusted according to the actual installation condition, and the best solar acquisition azimuth is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic panel support structure technology, specifically relating to a solar photovoltaic panel mounting frame with adjustable installation angle. Background Technology

[0002] A photovoltaic (PV) panel is a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy. The core of a PV panel is the solar cell, typically made of semiconductor materials (such as silicon). When sunlight shines on the surface of a PV panel, photon energy is absorbed by the semiconductor material, causing electrons to jump from the valence band to the conduction band, creating electron-hole pairs. Under the action of the PN junction (positive and negative junction) inside the cell, the electrons and holes are separated and move towards the positive and negative electrodes of the cell, respectively, thus creating a potential difference across the two ends of the cell and generating a direct current. By connecting to an external circuit, this current can be transmitted, realizing the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy.

[0003] Most current solar photovoltaic panel mounting frames are assembled from poles and frames, requiring on-site assembly at the actual installation location, which is time-consuming. Furthermore, once the solar photovoltaic panel mounting frame is fixed, the angle of the solar photovoltaic panel is not easily adjusted, which presents significant limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solar photovoltaic panel mounting frame with adjustable installation angle, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the solar photovoltaic panel mounting frame needs to be assembled on site, which is time-consuming, and the angle of the photovoltaic panel is difficult to adjust once it is determined after splicing and assembly.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A solar photovoltaic panel mounting bracket with adjustable installation angle, including:

[0007] The mounting base includes a storage base, one end of which is detachably mounted with a slag storage seat. The surface of the slag storage seat is provided with a slag receiving groove, and the end of the slag storage seat is connected to a pull-out plate.

[0008] A photovoltaic power generation module, the photovoltaic power generation module comprising a photovoltaic mounting substrate and at least three photovoltaic panels arranged and mounted within the photovoltaic mounting substrate;

[0009] The drive component is located outside the mounting base and is used to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic power generation components in the storage base, so that the photovoltaic power generation components can be switched between three states: horizontal, oblique and vertical.

[0010] The self-cleaning component includes a sliding frame sleeved outside the photovoltaic mounting substrate, a movable abutment installed on one side of the sliding frame, two support members symmetrically arranged on the side of the sliding frame and connected to the movable abutment, and two limiting inserts symmetrically arranged inside the sliding frame.

[0011] The sliding sleeve frame has symmetrically opened limiting slots for the two limiting inserts to pass through, and the photovoltaic mounting substrate has symmetrically opened insertion grooves on the surface of the end away from the driving component, which match the ends of the two limiting inserts. This allows the self-cleaning component to adaptively clean the photovoltaic power generation component in accordance with the state switching of the photovoltaic power generation component.

[0012] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a heat dissipation mounting shell installed on the side of the storage base, a drive motor is fixedly installed inside the heat dissipation mounting shell, a drive bevel gear is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor, a lifting shaft is fixedly inserted at one end of the photovoltaic mounting substrate near the slag storage seat, the lifting shaft is rotatably installed in the storage base through two ball bearings, and a driven bevel gear is installed at one end of the lifting shaft that extends into the heat dissipation mounting shell, the driven bevel gear being meshed with the drive bevel gear.

[0013] Preferably, the support includes a horizontal seat fixed to the side of the sliding sleeve frame, two vertical frames are inserted at intervals on the horizontal seat, a fixing ring is fixedly sleeved at the end of each of the two vertical frames away from the movable abutment, and a washer is fixed in the middle of each of the two vertical frames, the washer being located between the horizontal seat and the movable abutment, a support spring is sleeved on the outside of each of the two vertical frames, the support spring being located between the fixing ring and the horizontal seat, and the end of each vertical frame away from the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the end of the movable abutment.

[0014] Preferably, the width of the movable abutment is equal to the width of the photovoltaic mounting substrate, and the end of the movable abutment away from the support is glued with a cleaning cotton, and the end of the cleaning cotton near the photovoltaic mounting substrate can be set as a scraping slope.

[0015] Preferably, the end of the limiting insert away from the support member is configured as a wedge-shaped head, and is configured as a wedge-shaped groove with a cross-section matching it.

[0016] Preferably, the self-cleaning component further includes a stop rod located between the sliding sleeve frame and the movable stop plate. The cross-section of the stop rod is set to a semi-circular shape, and the stop rod and the movable stop plate are fixedly connected by several pairs of pins.

[0017] Preferably, each of the limiting inserts has a V-shaped cavity, and a counterweight roller is movably arranged in the V-shaped cavity. The central concave point of the V-shaped cavity is provided with a separating protrusion to block the counterweight roller. In this way, by switching between the three states of the photovoltaic power generation module in horizontal, oblique and vertical positions, the limiting insert can be adaptively displaced within the limiting slot, realizing the corresponding switching of the locking and releasing states of the sliding sleeve on the photovoltaic mounting substrate.

[0018] Preferably, the self-cleaning component further includes two sets of teeth and two slow-moving components. The bottom surface of the photovoltaic mounting substrate has two symmetrically formed grooves. The two sets of teeth are respectively installed in the two grooves. The ends of the two grooves away from the drive component are both set through the end face of the photovoltaic mounting substrate to facilitate the periodic replacement of the sliding frame and the movable stop plate.

[0019] Preferably, the slow-moving component is installed on the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve frame. The slow-moving component includes a mounting ear plate fixed to the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve frame. A damping shaft is rotatably installed inside the mounting ear plate. A gear is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the damping shaft. The gear is meshed with a set of teeth that abut against it.

[0020] Preferably, the storage base has support feet evenly installed at the four corners of its bottom surface, and the bottom surface of each support foot is provided with fastening holes for the installation of expansion bolts.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. This invention integrates photovoltaic power generation modules into the mounting frame, facilitating the daily transportation of the photovoltaic power generation modules and the mounting frame. Upon arrival at the installation site, the photovoltaic power generation modules can be tilted simply by using the drive component to lift them, allowing them to be put into daily power generation operations. This saves time and effort, eliminating the need for cumbersome on-site assembly activities. Furthermore, the drive component allows for small-angle flexible adjustments to the tilt angle of the photovoltaic power generation modules, enabling fine-tuning of the tilt angle based on the actual installation conditions to obtain the optimal solar energy acquisition orientation.

[0023] 2. In this invention, when the photovoltaic power generation module is placed horizontally in the mounting base or tilted on the mounting base, the sliding sleeve is fixed at the end of the photovoltaic mounting substrate away from the driving component due to the function of the limiting insert. It does not participate in the action on the photovoltaic power generation module. As long as the tilted mounting base is rotated to vertical position, the limiting insert will be released from the end of the photovoltaic mounting substrate due to the V-shaped cavity, counterweight roller and dividing protrusion. This will cause the movable plate to clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic mounting substrate in sequence under the action of the limiting insert and gravity. It can be achieved by relying on the structural characteristics without the need for external force and external driving equipment, which is labor-saving and reliable.

[0024] 3. In this invention, by setting two sets of teeth on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic mounting substrate and setting two corresponding slow-moving components on the inner side wall of the sliding frame, when the sliding frame moves outside the photovoltaic mounting substrate, the meshing of two gears and two sets of teeth in the two slow-moving components, coupled with the characteristics of the damping shaft, can achieve the purpose of slowing down the movement of the sliding frame and the movable stop plate. This can not only avoid damage to the sliding frame and the movable stop plate, but also facilitate the sliding frame and the movable stop plate to stop in place. At the same time, the movable stop plate can slowly scrape the surface of the photovoltaic panel, which can also ensure the cleaning effect of scraping as much as possible. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the present invention after the storage base and support feet have been removed.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a side view showing the connection between the photovoltaic mounting substrate and the self-cleaning component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 One of the cross-sectional views of the self-cleaning component;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Second cross-sectional view of the self-cleaning component;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the state switching of the limiting insert in the sliding sleeve when the photovoltaic mounting substrate of the present invention changes from a horizontal state to an oblique state.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the state switching of the limiting insert in the sliding sleeve when the photovoltaic mounting substrate of the present invention changes from an inclined state to a vertical state.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of two sets of teeth on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic mounting substrate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding sleeve frame slow-moving component of the present invention.

[0034] In the picture:

[0035] 1. Mounting base; 11. Storage base; 12. Support feet; 13. Pull-out plate; 14. Slag storage seat; 141. Slag receiving trough; 2. Drive assembly; 21. Heat dissipation mounting shell; 22. Drive motor; 23. Drive bevel gear; 24. Driven bevel gear; 25. Lifting shaft; 3. Photovoltaic power generation module; 31. Photovoltaic mounting substrate; 311. Insertion slot; 312. Strip groove; 32. Photovoltaic panel; 4. Self-cleaning assembly; 41. Sliding frame; 41 1. Limiting slot; 42. Movable stop plate; 421. Cleaning cotton; 43. Support component; 431. Horizontal seat; 432. Vertical frame; 433. Fixing ring; 434. Support spring; 435. Washer ring; 44. Limiting insert; 441. V-shaped chamber; 442. Counterweight roller; 443. Separating protrusion; 45. Stop bar; 451. Pin; 46. Tooth; 47. Slow-moving component; 471. Mounting ear plate; 472. Damping shaft; 473. Gear. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Reference Figures 1-3As shown, the present invention provides a solar photovoltaic panel mounting frame with adjustable installation angle, including a mounting base 1, a drive component 2, a photovoltaic power generation component 3, and a self-cleaning component 4; the mounting base 1 includes a storage base 11, one end of which is detachably mounted with a slag storage seat 14, the surface of which has a slag receiving groove 141, which can collect particles scraped and fallen by the movable abutment 42 during the downward movement of the sliding sleeve frame 41, and the end of the slag storage seat 14 is connected to a pull plate 13, which can be pulled to move the slag storage seat after a certain amount has been collected. 14 is pulled out from the storage base 11, and then the collected debris in the slag receiving tank 141 in the slag storage base 14 can be poured out. The four corners of the bottom surface of the storage base 11 are evenly installed with pad support feet 12, and the bottom surface of each pad support foot 12 is provided with fastening holes for expansion bolts to securely fix the pad support feet 12 to the installation location. The photovoltaic power generation module 3 includes a photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 and at least three photovoltaic panels 32 arranged and installed in the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31. The surface of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 is flush with the surface of the photovoltaic panel 32 to avoid the influence of protrusions on the movement of the sliding sleeve frame 41. The photovoltaic panel 32 can be pre-installed on the photovoltaic mounting base 31 by tightening bolts using a hand drill or similar tool. A controller and inverter can be installed on the back of the photovoltaic panel 32. The controller manages and controls the DC power output of the photovoltaic power generation module 3, ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the system. The inverter converts the DC power output of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 into AC power for grid connection or use by AC loads. The drive assembly 2 is located outside the mounting base 1. The drive assembly 2 includes a heat dissipation mounting shell 21 installed on the side of the storage base 11, with the heat dissipation mounting shell 21 containing a fixed... A drive motor 22 is installed, and an active bevel gear 23 is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor 22. A rotating shaft 25 is fixedly inserted into one end of the photovoltaic mounting base 31 near the slag storage seat 14. The rotating shaft 25 is rotatably mounted in the storage base 11 through two ball bearings. The ball bearings are used to bear the radial load generated during the rotation of the rotating shaft 25. A driven bevel gear 24 is installed at one end of the rotating shaft 25 that extends into the heat dissipation mounting shell 21. The driven bevel gear 24 meshes with the active bevel gear 23 and is used to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 in the storage base 11.Specifically, the drive motor 22 starts and drives the active bevel gear 23 to rotate. The rotation of the active bevel gear 23 drives the driven bevel gear 24 to rotate. The rotation of the driven bevel gear 24 drives the lifting shaft 25 to rotate, thereby causing the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 outside the lifting shaft 25 to rotate in the storage base 11. This allows the photovoltaic power generation module 3 to switch between three states: horizontal, oblique, and vertical. The horizontal placement of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 is to pre-integrate the photovoltaic power generation module 3 into the mounting frame 1, facilitating the daily handling of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 and the mounting frame 1. The tilting and transposition of the photovoltaic panel 32 is to achieve the optimal solar energy collection orientation. The tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 32 is generally around 30 degrees, and further small-angle fine adjustments are generally within ±5 degrees. The self-cleaning component 4 includes a sliding frame 41 sleeved on the outside of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31, a movable abutment 42 installed on one side of the sliding frame 41, two support members 43 symmetrically arranged on the side of the sliding frame 41 and connected to the movable abutment 42, and two limiting inserts 44 symmetrically arranged inside the sliding frame 41. The sliding frame 41 has through openings on both sides for connection with the photovoltaic mounting substrate. The rectangular opening at the end of the substrate 31, matching its shape, facilitates the movement of the sliding frame 41 outside the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31. The support member 43 is used to suspend the movable stop plate 42. When the force of the limit insert 44 is involved, the movable stop plate 42 maintains a certain distance from the surface of the photovoltaic panel 32 and does not contact the surface of the photovoltaic panel 32. The sliding frame 41 has symmetrically opened limit slots 411 for the two limit inserts 44 to pass through. The end surface of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 away from the drive component 2 has symmetrically opened openings matching the ends of the two limit inserts 44. The fitted slot 311 allows for adaptive cleaning of the photovoltaic module 3 by the self-cleaning component 4, facilitating the switching of the photovoltaic module 3's state. When the photovoltaic module 3 switches to a vertical position, the sliding frame 41 automatically detaches and releases due to the change in its posture. This allows the movable stop plate 42 to sequentially clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel 32 on the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 under the oblique pressure of the limiting insert 44 and gravity. This process is achieved solely through structural characteristics, without the need for external force or drive equipment, making it labor-saving and reliable.

[0038] In summary, by integrating the photovoltaic power generation module 3 into the mounting base 1, the daily transportation of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 and the mounting base 1 is facilitated. After arriving at the installation site, the photovoltaic power generation module 3 can be tilted simply by rotating the drive component 2, and then put into daily power generation operations, saving time and effort and eliminating the need for cumbersome on-site assembly activities. Furthermore, the angle of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 can be flexibly adjusted by small angles through the drive component 2, allowing for fine-tuning of the tilt angle of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 according to the actual installation situation to obtain the optimal solar energy acquisition orientation.

[0039] In a further embodiment, refer to Figures 1-5 As shown, the support member 43 is used to suspend the movable abutment 42. In the absence of the force exerted by the infinitely movable insert 44, to maintain a certain distance between the movable abutment 42 and the surface of the photovoltaic panel 32, and to prevent the movable abutment 42 from contacting or interfering with the photovoltaic panel 32 when idle, the following specific configuration is made: The support member 43 includes a horizontal mounting base 431 fixed to the side of the sliding frame 41. Two vertical brackets 432 are inserted at intervals on the horizontal mounting base 431. A fixing ring 433 is fixedly sleeved at the end of each vertical bracket 432 away from the movable abutment 42, and a pad ring is fixed in the middle of each vertical bracket 432. 435, the pad ring 435 is located between the horizontal mounting base 431 and the movable support plate 42. Support springs 434 are sleeved on the outside of the two vertical frames 432. The support springs 434 are located between the fixed ring 433 and the horizontal mounting base 431. The ends of the vertical frames 432 away from the fixed ring 433 are fixedly connected to the ends of the movable support plate 42. In this way, when the movable support plate 42 is idle, the pad ring 435 can provide suspension support for the movable support plate 42. When the movable support plate 42 is subjected to the pressure caused by the exposed limiting insert 44, the cleaning cotton 421 will be forced to stick to the surface of the photovoltaic panel 32.

[0040] The width of the movable abutment plate 42 is equal to the width of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31, facilitating simultaneous scraping and cleaning of multiple photovoltaic panels 32 arranged within the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31. This can be done in light rain or wind, in conjunction with rainwater, or while personnel are present and water is being sprayed. A cleaning cotton 421 is adhesively attached to the end of the movable abutment plate 42 away from the support member 43, and the end of the cleaning cotton 421 near the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 can be designed as a scraping slope. The self-cleaning component 4 also includes a stop rod 45 located between the sliding frame 41 and the movable abutment plate 42. The stop rod 45 has a semi-circular cross-section and is fixedly connected to the movable abutment plate 42 by several pairs of pins 451. During scraping and cleaning, the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 needs to be adjusted from an angle of approximately 30 degrees to a vertical position. The limiting insert 44 in the sliding frame 41 undergoes a process similar to... Figure 7 As shown in the posture adjustment, the end of the limiting insert 44 near the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 can be pulled out from the insertion slot 311 in the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31, causing the sliding sleeve 41 to disengage from the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31. The end of the limiting insert 44 away from the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 is exposed and presses against the abutment rod 45, causing the front end of the movable abutment plate 42 with the cleaning cotton 421 to abut against the surface of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31. In this way, as the movable abutment plate 42 moves down along the length direction of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31, the cleaning cotton 421 can effectively clean the contaminants on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 32.

[0041] The end of the limiting insert 44 away from the support member 43 is set as a wedge-shaped head, and 331 is set as a wedge-shaped groove with a cross section that matches it, which further enhances the locking ability of the limiting insert 44 and the insertion groove 311. The possibility of the two separating without cause is greatly reduced. Only by cooperating with the preset attitude adjustment of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 can the limiting insert 44 be pulled out from the insertion groove 311.

[0042] In a further embodiment, refer to Figures 5-7 As shown, each limiting insert 44 has a V-shaped chamber 441, and a counterweight roller 442 is movably disposed within the V-shaped chamber 441. A dividing protrusion 443 is provided at the central recess of the V-shaped chamber 441 to block the counterweight roller 442. By switching the photovoltaic power generation module 3 between horizontal, oblique, and vertical positions, the limiting insert 44 can adaptively shift within the limiting slot 411, achieving the corresponding switching between the locking and releasing states of the sliding sleeve 41 on the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31. Specifically, the corresponding steps are as follows:

[0043] First, when the photovoltaic power generation module 3 is placed horizontally in the storage base 11, the sliding frame 41 and the limiting insert 44, as shown... Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, at this time, the sliding frame 41 is locked at the end of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 away from the driving component 2. This is the storage state of the photovoltaic power generation component 3, which is convenient for daily transportation.

[0044] Subsequently, when it is necessary to tilt the photovoltaic power generation module 3, it needs to be tilted at approximately 30 degrees and then stopped. At this time, the sliding sleeve 41 remains locked to the end of the photovoltaic mounting base 31 away from the driving component 2 and will not detach from the photovoltaic mounting base 31. At this time, the limiting insert 44 in the sliding sleeve 41 rotates to the position shown in the image. Figure 6 In the second state, the limiting insert 44 will not be pulled out of the insertion slot 311, and the end of the limiting insert 44 away from the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 will not be exposed outside the sliding sleeve 41. This is due to the structural design of the V-shaped chamber 441. The counterweight roller 442 will stop in the V-shaped chamber 441 at the end close to the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31, so that the limiting insert 44 is still inserted in the insertion slot 311 in the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31. That is, when the photovoltaic power generation module 3 is rotated to about 30 degrees for tilting, the limiting insert 44 is still inserted in the insertion slot 311, and the sliding sleeve 41 will still be locked to the end of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 away from the driving component 2.

[0045] Only when the photovoltaic power generation module 3 continues to rise, until it reaches a vertical position, will the limiting insert 44 in the sliding frame 41 rotate to the position shown in the image. Figure 7In the second state, the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 is placed vertically, and the limiting insert 44 will be pulled out of the insertion slot 311. The end of the limiting insert 44 away from the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 will be exposed outside the sliding sleeve 41. This is due to the structural design of the V-shaped chamber 441. The counterweight roller 442 will roll along the half path of the V-shaped chamber 441 near the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31, and under the action of inertia, it will cross the dividing protrusion 443. Then, under the action of inertia and gravity, it will roll and stop at the end of the V-shaped chamber 441 away from the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31. This action will cause the limiting insert 44 to be pulled out of the insertion slot 311 in the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31, thus limiting the position. The end of the insert 44 furthest from the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 will protrude outside the sliding sleeve 41 and abut against the abutment 45, causing the cleaning cotton 421 at the front end of the movable abutment 42 to adhere to the surface of the photovoltaic power generation module 3. At this time, the sliding sleeve 41 will detach from the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31. Under the action of gravity, the sliding sleeve 41 will drive the movable abutment 42 to move slowly downward, scraping and cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic panel 32 in the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31. The ends of the two sets of teeth 46 near the rotating shaft 25 are spaced apart from the end face of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31, thereby limiting the downward movement of the sliding sleeve 41 to the lowest position and preventing the sliding sleeve 41 from detaching from the end of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31.

[0046] When the sliding frame 41 needs to be reset, simply activate the drive component 2 to rotate the photovoltaic module 3 in the opposite direction, with a rotation angle slightly greater than 90 degrees. Through the tilting effect, the sliding frame 41 will tilt back to its original position. This does not require external force or external drive equipment. After it is in place, fine-tune it until the photovoltaic module 3 is in a flat position, and you can return to the first step. At this time, the limiting insert 44 continues to be inserted into the corresponding insertion slot 311 to play a locking role, and the sliding frame 41 can be reattached to the photovoltaic installation. The base plate 31 is locked in place, and the sliding sleeve 41 and the movable stop plate 42 are locked at the end of the photovoltaic mounting base plate 31 away from the driving component 2, so as not to interfere with the light absorption and power generation operation of the photovoltaic power generation component 3. During the reset process, the end of the limiting insert 44 near the photovoltaic mounting base plate 31 has a tendency to move closer to the photovoltaic mounting base plate 31. The resistance force of the limiting insert 44 on the stop rod 45 is continuously weakened. The movable stop plate 42 will maintain a distance from the surface of the photovoltaic power generation component 3 under the action of the support member 43, which can also facilitate the return of the sliding sleeve 41 to its original position.

[0047] In this embodiment, when the photovoltaic power generation module 3 is placed horizontally in the mounting base 1 and tilted on the mounting base 1, the sliding sleeve 41 is fixed at the end of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 away from the driving component 2 due to the action of the limiting insert 44. It does not participate in the action of the photovoltaic power generation module 3. As long as the tilted mounting base 1 is rotated to vertical position, the limiting insert 44 will be released from the end of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 due to the setting of the V-shaped cavity 441, the counterweight roller 442 and the separating protrusion 443. This causes the movable abutment 42 to clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel 32 in the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 in sequence under the action of the limiting insert 44 tilting and gravity. This can be achieved by relying on the structural characteristics without the need for external force and external driving equipment, which is labor-saving and reliable.

[0048] In a further embodiment, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the self-cleaning component 4 also includes two sets of teeth 46 and two slow-moving components 47. The bottom surface of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 has two strip grooves 312 symmetrically opened. The two sets of teeth 46 are respectively installed in the two strip grooves 312. The ends of the two strip grooves 312 away from the driving component 2 are both set through the end face of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 to facilitate the periodic replacement of the sliding frame 41 and the movable stop plate 42. In addition, the ends of the two sets of teeth 46 away from the driving component 2 are separated from the end face of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 to facilitate the insertion of the new sliding frame 41.

[0049] The slow-moving component 47 is installed on the inner side wall of the sliding frame 41. The slow-moving component 47 includes a mounting ear plate 471 fixed on the inner side wall of the sliding frame 41. A damping shaft 472 is rotatably installed inside the mounting ear plate 471. A gear 473 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the damping shaft 472. The gear 473 meshes with a set of teeth 46 that are close to it. The photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 is fixed to the teeth 46. When the sliding frame 41 moves outside the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31, it will cause the gear 473 to rotate. The meshing rotation of the gear 473 can achieve the purpose of slowing down the movement of the sliding frame 41 and the movable stop plate 42.

[0050] In this embodiment, by setting two sets of teeth 46 on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31 and two corresponding slow-moving members 47 on the inner sidewall of the sliding frame 41, when the sliding frame 41 moves outside the photovoltaic mounting substrate 31, the meshing of the two gears 473 in the two slow-moving members 47 with the two sets of teeth 46, coupled with the characteristics of the damping shaft 472, can achieve the purpose of slowing down the movement of the sliding frame 41 and the movable abutment 42. This can not only avoid damage to the sliding frame 41 and the movable abutment 42, but also facilitate the sliding frame 41 and the movable abutment 42 to stop in place. At the same time, the movable abutment 42 slowly scrapes the surface of the photovoltaic panel 32, which can also ensure the cleaning effect of scraping as much as possible.

[0051] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar photovoltaic panel mounting frame with adjustable installation angle, characterized in that, include: The mounting base includes a storage base, one end of which is detachably mounted with a slag storage seat. The surface of the slag storage seat is provided with a slag receiving groove, and the end of the slag storage seat is connected to a pull-out plate. A photovoltaic power generation module, the photovoltaic power generation module comprising a photovoltaic mounting substrate and at least three photovoltaic panels arranged and mounted within the photovoltaic mounting substrate; The drive component is located outside the mounting base and is used to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic power generation components in the storage base, so that the photovoltaic power generation components can be switched between three states: horizontal, oblique and vertical. The self-cleaning component includes a sliding frame sleeved outside the photovoltaic mounting substrate, a movable abutment installed on one side of the sliding frame, two support members symmetrically arranged on the side of the sliding frame and connected to the movable abutment, and two limiting inserts symmetrically arranged inside the sliding frame. The sliding sleeve frame is symmetrically provided with limiting slots for two limiting inserts to pass through, and the photovoltaic mounting substrate is symmetrically provided with insertion slots that match the ends of the two limiting inserts on its surface away from the driving component, so as to cooperate with the state switching of the photovoltaic power generation component and realize the self-cleaning component's adaptive cleaning of the photovoltaic power generation component. The support includes a horizontal seat fixed to the side of the sliding sleeve frame, two vertical frames are inserted at intervals on the horizontal seat, a fixing ring is fixedly sleeved at the end of each of the two vertical frames away from the movable abutment, and a washer is fixed in the middle of each of the two vertical frames, the washer being located between the horizontal seat and the movable abutment, a support spring is sleeved on the outside of each of the two vertical frames, the support spring being located between the fixing ring and the horizontal seat, and the end of each vertical frame away from the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the end of the movable abutment; The width of the movable stop plate is equal to the width of the photovoltaic mounting substrate, and a cleaning cotton is glued to the end of the movable stop plate away from the support member by adhesive. The end of the cleaning cotton near the photovoltaic mounting substrate can be set as a scraping slope. The end of the limiting insert away from the support member is set as a wedge-shaped head and is set as a wedge-shaped groove with a cross-section matching it. The self-cleaning component also includes a stop rod located between the sliding sleeve frame and the movable stop plate. The cross-section of the stop rod is set to a semi-circular shape, and the stop rod and the movable stop plate are fixedly connected by several pairs of pins. Each limiting insert has a V-shaped cavity, and a counterweight roller is movably arranged in the V-shaped cavity. The central concave point of the V-shaped cavity is provided with a separating protrusion to block the counterweight roller. By switching the photovoltaic power generation module between horizontal, oblique and vertical positions, the limiting insert can adaptively shift within the limiting slot, realizing the corresponding switching of the sliding sleeve frame on the photovoltaic mounting substrate between locked and released states.

2. The solar photovoltaic panel mounting frame with adjustable installation angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a heat dissipation mounting shell installed on the side of the storage base. A drive motor is fixedly installed inside the heat dissipation mounting shell. A drive bevel gear is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor. A lifting shaft is fixedly inserted into one end of the photovoltaic mounting substrate near the slag storage base. The lifting shaft is rotatably mounted in the storage base through two ball bearings. A driven bevel gear is installed at one end of the lifting shaft that extends into the heat dissipation mounting shell. The driven bevel gear is meshed with the drive bevel gear.

3. The solar photovoltaic panel mounting frame with adjustable installation angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-cleaning component also includes two sets of teeth and two slow-moving components. The bottom surface of the photovoltaic mounting substrate has two symmetrically formed grooves. The two sets of teeth are respectively installed in the two grooves. The ends of the two grooves away from the drive component are set through the end face of the photovoltaic mounting substrate to facilitate the periodic replacement of the sliding frame and the movable stop plate.

4. The solar photovoltaic panel mounting frame with adjustable installation angle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slow-moving component is installed on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve frame. The slow-moving component includes a mounting ear plate fixed to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve frame. A damping shaft is rotatably installed inside the mounting ear plate. A gear is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the damping shaft. The gear is meshed with a set of teeth that are close to it.

5. The solar photovoltaic panel mounting frame with adjustable installation angle according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The storage base has support feet evenly installed at the four corners of its bottom surface, and each support foot has fastening holes for the installation of expansion bolts.

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