Sensing performance test method and system for large-scale antenna base station

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses a sensing performance test method and system for a large-scale antenna base station. According to the invention, the phase modulation network is introduced to connect each radio frequency channel of the base station panel, simulation of sensing targets at different angles is realized through dynamic amplitude and phase adjustment of each link in the phase modulation network, the links are combined, and output is carried out through fewer channels. Therefore, on the premise that the result precision is guaranteed, the algorithm and the instrument cooperate to complete integration and saving of hardware resources. According to the scheme, by introducing the phase modulation network and cooperating with the target simulation equipment, complete testing of the sensing capability of the large-scale antenna base station is realized. The method is generally suitable for dynamic and static, single-target and multi-target sensing performance tests of sensing equipment such as multi-antenna base stations and radars, and solves the problem of testing pain points of multi-channel sensing equipment. The accuracy of target simulation is considered, and the site requirement and instrument cost of the system are greatly reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a sensing performance test method and system for a large-scale antenna base station. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a new technology that integrates communication and sensing, the integrated communication and sensing has become a key development direction of future 6G mobile communication systems due to its high integration and innovation. Under the framework of integrated communication and sensing, traditional radar technology is combined with wireless communication to give base stations approximate radar sensing capabilities, thereby achieving accurate detection of information such as distance, speed, and direction of target objects. This technology helps 5G and future 6G in multiple application scenarios such as low-altitude economy and intelligent vehicle networking. The technology improves the resource utilization of the system and enhances the environmental adaptability and information processing capacity of the system, and has extremely broad development prospects.

[0003] During the production, testing, and research and development of communication and sensing equipment products, the performance evaluation is throughout. For sensing performance testing, the integrated communication and sensing equipment basically follows the test method of traditional radar, and the target simulation equipment such as radar target simulator is the core instrument of the system. The equipment realizes accurate evaluation of the target sensing accuracy and sensing ability of the measured object by simulating a specific number of targets, distances, angles, speeds, and radar cross section (RCS). Sensing performance testing often uses two technical solutions of conduction and air interface.

[0004] Firstly, for conduction testing, since the number of radio frequency channels of the target simulator is small, it is often suitable for the case of a small number of transmit and receive antennas of the measured object. A conventional 5G integrated communication and sensing base station, taking a ZTE Sub 6GHz base station as an example, has four panels on the base station panel, each panel has sixteen pairs of dual-polarized antennas, so there are a total of 128 antennas. The number of radio frequency channels of the existing radar target simulator is usually 2-4, and the price is expensive (one million yuan in RMB for a double-channel), and connecting all the base station channels requires dozens of radar target simulators, and strict synchronization triggering between devices is required. Whether from the test cost or the device operation, it is obviously unrealistic. Therefore, for the integrated communication and sensing base station using large-scale antennas and phased array radars, air interface testing becomes the mainstream technical solution.

[0005] For air interface test, although the number of instruments is greatly reduced, but it comes with high construction cost of darkroom and serious limitation of test freedom, for simulating different angle direction sensing target, at least one set of vertical / horizontal dual polarization antenna probe (also can use omnidirectional probe) is needed to be arranged at each target angle in the air interface darkroom to receive and transmit sensing incoming wave signal, and radar target simulator is connected behind the probe to simulate distance, speed and other information of sensing target. In addition, the probe is arranged on high freedom three-dimensional slide rail, and for different angle sensing target, the performance test is realized by adjusting the probe direction. This scheme can realize simulation of multiple targets at the same angle, and for targets at different angles, but the number of radar target simulator also needs to be increased. Leaving aside the construction cost of darkroom, for high dynamic target, the probe needs to be moved with very high mechanical precision, which increases the test complexity. SUMMARY

[0006] The application provides a sensing performance test method and system for large-scale antenna base station, by introducing a phase modulation network into the test system, importing a dynamic amplitude modulation and phase modulation file, and synchronizing a radar target simulator, functions of channel expansion, link merging and sensing target angle simulation are realized, so as to strengthen the sensing performance test capability. The scheme cooperates hardware and algorithm, has low test cost, high target simulation precision, and is suitable for sensing performance test of dynamic and static, single target and multiple targets of multi-antenna base station and radar and other sensing devices.

[0007] The application provides a sensing performance test method for large-scale antenna base station, including the following steps: According to the number of channels of the tested sensing base station, a suitable phase modulation network is selected; A test system is built, the input end of the phase modulation network is connected with all radio frequency channels of the sensing base station, and the output end is connected with the input port of the radar target simulator; According to the angle and motion characteristics of the sensing target to be simulated, a phase modulation network target angle simulation algorithm is used to calculate the amplitude and phase information of each sensing target at each moment, and then a dynamic amplitude and phase adjustment file is obtained and loaded into the phase modulation network; The simulation of time delay, Doppler shift and radar scattering area of the sensing target is carried out, and the radar target simulator is imported and clock-synchronized with the phase modulation network; The base station is activated, the target simulation file of the phase modulation network and the radar target simulator is played, and the end-to-end sensing performance test work is started.

[0008] Further, the phase modulation network target angle simulation algorithm is specifically: The state of the sensing target to be simulated and the angle of the sensing target to be simulated at each moment are determined, and for scattering point target, the number of virtual probes needed is determined; Taking the center of the sensing base station as the original point, coordinates of the base station antenna topology of the sending end and the virtual probe of the receiving end are calculated respectively; Based on the coordinates of the sending and receiving ends, link propagation distances and signal angles of each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe are calculated; Based on the link propagation distances and the base station antenna pattern, the channel angle of arrival and the link gain are calculated; Based on the link distances of each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe, the link phase is calculated; The amplitude and phase of the logical antenna are combined; It is judged whether the motion time of the sensing target is over, if not, the sensing target angle is confirmed; it is judged whether the traversal of the sensing target is completed, if not, the traversal of the sensing target is performed; if the motion time is over and the traversal of the sensing target is completed, the order of the amplitude-phase matrix is adjusted according to the connection requirement, and a dynamic test file is generated.

[0009] Further, the coordinates of the base station antenna topology of the sending end and the virtual probe of the receiving end are calculated respectively with the center of the base station as the original point, specifically: the base station antenna elements are arranged in a center-symmetric distribution on the YOZ plane, the sensing beam propagates along the X axis to the sensing target, and different direction sensing targets are received and echoed by the virtual probe at the position, each pair of virtual probes is in a V / H vertical and horizontal dual polarization form: Then, for the logical antenna elements of the base station The coordinates are:

[0010] Wherein K and J are the number of vertical and horizontal logical antennas of the base station, Indicates the logical antenna element coordinate index on the base station antenna element plane, wherein is the horizontal direction index, is the vertical direction index, , are the vertical and horizontal spacings of each logical antenna element respectively; Suppose the angle of the target to be simulated is , and the distance R between the simulated target and the base station, according to the geometric topology relationship, the virtual probe coordinates are obtained as:

[0011] Further, in the calculation of the link propagation distances and signal angles of each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe based on the coordinates of the sending and receiving ends, the angle of the logical antenna element mapping to the sensing incoming wave of the simulated target is: ,

[0012] Wherein , respectively represent the coordinate difference of the logical antenna array element and the virtual probe in the x, y, z three directions, respectively; represents the spatial distance from the logical antenna array element to the virtual probe; wherein , respectively represent the elevation angle and the azimuth angle of the perceived incoming wave signal arriving at the logical antenna array element (j, k).

[0013] Further, based on the propagation distance of each link and the base station antenna pattern, the channel angle of arrival and the link gain are calculated, specifically: If the base station is inclined relative to the three-dimensional angle of , respectively represent the rotation angles around the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis for global and local coordinate system conversion; according to the global and local coordinate conversion formula of 3GPP TR 38.901, the perceived incoming wave angle position in the local coordinate system is:

[0014]

[0015] The antenna gain of each logical array element of the base station complies with the function distribution of 3GPP TR 38.901: (1) The vertical polarization antenna gain (dB) formula is:

[0016] wherein, ; (2) The horizontal polarization antenna gain (dB)

[0017] wherein, ; (3) The three-dimensional antenna total gain (dB)

[0018] Substituting the obtained perceived incoming wave angle position in the local coordinate system , the overall antenna gain is obtained, and then the antenna gain in the vertical and horizontal directions in the local coordinate system under the polarization tilt angle is calculated: ,

[0019] According to the global and local coordinate conversion formula of TR38.901, the output antenna gain of each logical antenna array element of the base station in the global coordinate system in the vertical and horizontal polarization to the virtual probe is calculated as:

[0020]

[0021] wherein, is the spherical basis vector rotation angle of the local coordinate system relative to the global coordinate system

[0022] is the vertical polarization equivalent gain of the antenna element (j, k), is the horizontal polarization equivalent gain of the antenna element (j, k); is the original gain of the antenna element (j, k) along the elevation angle direction in the local coordinate system; is the original gain of the antenna element (j, k) along the azimuth angle direction in the local coordinate system.

[0023] Further, the link phase is calculated based on the distance of each link between each logical antenna element of the base station antenna and the virtual probe, and specifically:

[0024] wherein, is the phase difference of the signal received by the logical antenna element (j, k), is the spatial coordinates of the (j, k)th antenna element, represents the distance of each link between each logical antenna element of the base station antenna and the virtual probe, and R is the distance between the sensing target and the base station.

[0025] Further, the amplitude and phase of the logical antenna are combined, and specifically, the same polarization logical antenna is combined in combination with the radio frequency physical channel of the base station panel, and there is: ,

[0026] wherein , are the time domain responses of the vertical and horizontal polarization antennas of the virtual probe respectively mapped by each physical channel port of the base station, j is the horizontal direction index, m is the physical channel index after merging, and n is the original logical antenna index before merging, is the link phase difference of the (j, n)th logical antenna to the virtual probe; The dimension of the output amplitude and phase adjustment matrix is For each physical channel port of the base station, the power and phase mapped to the virtual probe are: ,

[0027] ,

[0028] wherein , are the link amplitudes of the base station's each physical channel port mapping to the virtual probe's vertical and horizontal polarized antennas respectively; , are the link phases of the base station's physical channel port to the virtual probe's vertical and horizontal polarized antennas respectively; The above steps discuss the case that the transceiving virtual probe is vertical / horizontal dual polarization, if it is omnidirectional single antenna, it is easy to know that the phase , indicates that the omnidirectional single antenna has no polarization difference, and the horizontal and vertical polarization phases are the same; The amplitude gain of the omnidirectional single antenna is:

[0029] Then, logical antenna merging and normalization are still performed.

[0030] Further, the amplitude-phase matrix is sequentially adjusted according to the connection requirement, and a dynamic test file is generated, specifically: according to the specific cable connection position, the merged amplitude and phase are sequentially adjusted, and the amplitude-phase adjustment matrix of the phase modulation network is obtained, the amplitude-phase matrix is sequentially adjusted according to the connection requirement, and a dynamic test file is generated.

[0031] Further, the dynamic test file of the phase modulation network and the radar target simulator is played, and the end-to-end perception performance test work is started, specifically including: For multi-target testing, if the perception targets are all at the same angle, a single virtual probe is used for simulation at the output end during phase modulation network simulation, and the output channel number is 2 without additional increase; if the targets are at different angles, the output channel number is additionally increased for each angle, and a radar target simulator is additionally configured for each angle; For multi-scattering point testing, if it is a single target multi-scattering point case, the output channel number is additionally increased for each angle, and the probes are connected to the same radar target simulator after combining, without additional increase; For dynamic angle testing, the dynamic angle changes at each time, and a time-varying amplitude-phase adjustment matrix is used, and the output channel number is the same as that of the static case, without additional configuration.

[0032] The application also proposes a system for implementing the above-mentioned perception performance test method for large-scale antenna base stations, comprising: A perception base station is used for transmitting and receiving perception signals as a tested object; A phase modulation network is used to connect all radio frequency channels of the through-sensing base station, and through loading dynamic amplitude and phase modulation files, dynamic amplitude and phase modulation is performed on each link to simulate sensing targets at different angles, and after link merging, fewer channels are output to the radar target simulator. The radar target simulator is used to receive signals output by the phase modulation network after clock synchronization with the phase modulation network, simulate the characteristics of the time delay, Doppler shift and radar scattering area of the sensing target, and complete the test of the sensing performance of the through-sensing base station together with the phase modulation network.

[0033] The above at least one technical solution adopted by the embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: The present application is based on the test requirements of the through-sensing integrated large-scale antenna base station, and focuses on solving the pain points of the traditional conduction test scheme, such as the limited number of ports of the radar target simulator and the high cost of instruments, and the high site requirement and poor simulation flexibility of the air interface test scheme. The tested base station accesses the phase modulation network, imports dynamic amplitude and phase modulation files, and synchronizes the radar target simulator to realize the functions of channel expansion, link merging and sensing target angle simulation, thereby strengthening the sensing performance test capability, realizing high-precision synchronous simulation of multi-angle and high-dynamic sensing targets, and achieving the effects of integrating instrument resources, expanding test capability and saving test cost. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and form a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a system architecture diagram for testing the sensing performance of the prior art through-sensing base station; Figure 2 It is a test principle diagram of the through-sensing base station based on the phase modulation network of the present application.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the antenna panel of the sensing base station; Figure 4 It is a simulation schematic diagram of the phase modulation network; Figure 5 It is an example diagram of static amplitude and phase modulation files; Figure 6 It is an example diagram of dynamic channel files; Figure 7 It is a flowchart of the target angle simulation algorithm of the phase modulation network. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with specific embodiments of the present application and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0038] The present application provides a sensing performance test method for a large-scale antenna base station, comprising the following steps: According to the number of channels of the tested sensing base station, an adaptive phase modulation network is selected; A test system is built, the input end of the phase modulation network is connected to all the radio frequency channels of the sensing base station, and the output end is connected to the input port of the radar target simulator; According to the angle and motion characteristics of the simulated sensing target, a target angle simulation algorithm of the phase modulation network is used to calculate the amplitude and phase information of each sensing target at each time, and then a dynamic amplitude and phase adjustment file is obtained and loaded into the phase modulation network; The time delay and Doppler shift of the sensing target and the radar scattering area are simulated, and the radar target simulator is imported and clock-synchronized with the phase modulation network; The base station is activated, the target simulation file of the phase modulation network and the radar target simulator is played, and the end-to-end sensing performance test work is started.

[0039] The implementation process and principles of the present application will be described in detail below: The present application introduces a phase modulation network in the existing technology of integrated sensing and communication large-scale base station antenna testing (as shown in Figure 1 The phase modulation network mainly connects all the channels of the base station, simulates the direction of the sensing target, and realizes the merging of the link channels, and the specific functions are as follows: 1) Integrated sensing and communication base station connection First, according to the number of channels of the integrated sensing and communication base station, an adaptive phase modulation network is selected for connection. As described above, the phase modulation network functions to connect all the radio frequency channels of the base station, perform link merging, and simulate the effect of air interface testing, and the specific functions are as shown in Figure 2 ​The phase modulation network simulates the process of transmitting the perceived incoming wave from the base station, propagating through the air interface, and then reaching the dual-polarized probe on the high-freedom slide. The probe on the slide is usually horizontally and vertically dual-polarized, corresponding to the reception of the target angle signal. The phase modulation network adjusts the amplitude and phase of each channel link of the base station in a targeted manner, so that the perceived incoming wave propagates in the direction of the target angle. Multiple angle perception targets can be simulated simultaneously. By using this device, the air interface test is converted into a conducted test, greatly saving the test cost.

[0040] 2) Target angle direction simulation The phase modulation network can simulate multiple targets and dynamic angle targets. Taking a single target with a fixed angle as an example, the simulation method is described.

[0041] For a 64-channel sensing base station antenna panel, as shown in Figure 3 , the 64 RF ports of the base station are evenly divided into 4 panels, each panel consists of 8 pairs of ±45° dual-polarized ports, and each polarized port is mapped to three vertically distributed co-polarized logical antennas. Therefore, the base station has a total of 4 panels x 8 pairs x 2 polarizations x 3 logical antennas = 192 logical antennas.

[0042] As shown in Figure 7 , the target angle simulation algorithm of the phase modulation network of the present application is as follows: Determine the perceived target state to be simulated and the perceived target angle to be simulated at each time. For a scattering point target, determine the number of virtual probes required. Take the center of the sensing base station as the origin, and calculate the position coordinates of the base station antenna topology of the transmitting end and the virtual probe of the receiving end, respectively. Based on the coordinates of the transmitting and receiving ends, calculate the link propagation distance and signal angle of each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe. Based on the link propagation distance and the base station antenna pattern, calculate the channel angle of arrival and the link gain. Based on the link distance of each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe, calculate the link phase. Combine the amplitude and phase of the logical antenna. Determine whether the perceived target motion time is over. If not, confirm the perceived target angle. Determine whether the perceived target traversal is complete. If not, perform the perceived target traversal. If the motion time is over and the perceived target traversal is complete, adjust the amplitude and phase matrix in sequence according to the connection requirements, and generate a dynamic test file.

[0043] According to the principle of Figure 2 , the global coordinate definition is as follows Figure 4The phase modulation network target angle simulation algorithm of the application first takes the center of the base station as the origin to calculate the position coordinates of the base station antenna topology of the sending end and the virtual probe of the receiving end, specifically: set the base station antenna array to be centrally symmetric on the YOZ plane, the perception beam propagates along the X axis to the perception target, different direction perception targets are received by the virtual probe at the position, the virtual probe is V / H vertical and horizontal polarization, then for the logical antenna elements , the coordinates are:

[0044] wherein K and J are the vertical and horizontal logical antenna numbers of the base station, , wherein is the horizontal direction index, is the vertical direction index, , are the vertical and horizontal spacings of each logical antenna element respectively; Suppose the angle of the target to be simulated is , the distance R between the simulation target and the base station, according to the geometric topology relationship, the virtual probe coordinates are obtained as:

[0045] Then, based on the coordinates of the sending and receiving ends, the link propagation distances and signal angles of each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe are calculated, and the angle of the perception incoming wave of the logical antenna element mapped to the simulation target is: ,

[0046] wherein , respectively, represent the coordinate differences of the logical antenna element coordinates and the virtual probe coordinates in x, y and z directions respectively; , wherein , are the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the perception incoming wave signal arriving at the logical antenna element (j, k) respectively.

[0047] Again, based on the link propagation distances and the base station antenna pattern, the channel angle of arrival and the link gain are calculated, specifically: If the base station is inclined by a three-dimensional angle of , are the rotation angles around the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis respectively, which are used for global and local coordinate system conversion; according to the global and local coordinate conversion formula of 3GPP TR 38.901, the perception incoming wave angle position in the local coordinate system is: ​

[0048]

[0049] The antenna gain of each logical element of the base station follows the function distribution of 3GPP TR 38.901: (1) The vertical polarization antenna gain (dB) formula is:

[0050] wherein, ; (2) The horizontal polarization antenna gain (dB)

[0051] wherein, ; (3) The three-dimensional total antenna gain (dB)

[0052] The obtained local coordinate system under the perception of the incoming wave angle position , the overall antenna gain is obtained, and then the antenna gain in the vertical and horizontal directions under the local coordinate system at the polarization tilt angle is calculated: ,

[0053] According to the global and local coordinate conversion formula of TR38.901, the output of the base station antenna of each logical antenna element in the global coordinate system to the virtual probe in the vertical and horizontal polarization is calculated as:

[0054]

[0055] wherein, is the spherical base vector rotation angle of the local coordinate system relative to the global coordinate system.

[0056]

[0057] is the vertical polarization equivalent gain of the antenna element (j, k), is the horizontal polarization equivalent gain of the antenna element (j, k); is the original gain of the antenna element (j, k) along the elevation angle direction in the local coordinate system; is the original gain of the antenna element (j, k) along the azimuth angle The original gain of the direction.

[0058] Then, based on the link distance of each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe, the link phase is calculated, specifically:

[0059] wherein, is the phase difference of the signal received by the logical antenna element (j, k), is the spatial coordinates of the (j, k)th antenna element, represents the link distance of each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe, and R is the distance between the sensing target and the base station.

[0060] In combination with the radio frequency physical channel of the base station panel, the same polarization logical antenna is merged, and there is:

[0061] wherein , are the time domain responses of the base station each physical channel port mapped to the vertical and horizontal polarization antennas of the virtual probe, j is the horizontal direction index, m is the merged physical channel index, and n is the original logical antenna index before merging, is the link phase difference of the (j, n)th logical antenna to the virtual probe; The dimension of the output amplitude and phase adjustment matrix is For each physical channel port of the base station, the power and phase mapped to the virtual probe are respectively:

[0062]

[0063] wherein , are the link amplitudes of each physical channel port of the base station mapped to the vertical and horizontal polarization antennas of the virtual probe; , respectively represent the link phases of the base station physical channel port to the vertical polarization and horizontal polarization of the virtual probe; The above steps discuss the case that the transceiving virtual probe is vertical / horizontal dual polarization. If it is omnidirectional single antenna, it is easy to know that the phase represents that the omnidirectional single antenna has no polarization difference, and the horizontal and vertical polarization phases are the same. The amplitude gain of the omnidirectional single antenna is:

[0064] ​​​Then, logical antenna combining and normalization are still performed.

[0065] After the amplitude and phase of the logical antenna are combined, the combined amplitude and phase are sequentially adjusted according to the specific cable connection position, so that the amplitude and phase adjustment matrix of the phase adjustment network is obtained. The sequential adjustment of the amplitude and phase matrix is performed according to the connection requirement, and a dynamic test file is generated.

[0066] 3) Amplitude and phase adjustment file generation The file format of the static amplitude and phase adjustment matrix is shown in Figure 5 The row number B is the output channel number, corresponding to the virtual probe, and the column number A is the input channel number, corresponding to the base station radio frequency channel.

[0067] Finally, the dynamic test file of the phase adjustment network and the radar target simulator is played, and the end-to-end sensing performance test work is started, such as: Multiple targets: If the sensing targets are all at the same angle, the same probe is used for receiving in the air interface test, so in the phase adjustment network simulation, a single dual-polarized "probe" is used for simulation at the output end, and the output channel number is 2, without additional increase; if the targets are at different angles, the output channel number needs to be increased for each angle, and the radar target simulator needs to be increased for each angle.

[0068] Multiple scattering points: If it is a single target with multiple scattering points, the output channel number is increased for each angle, and since the distance and speed of the same target are approximately the same, the probes can be combined and connected to the same radar target simulator, without additional increase.

[0069] Dynamic angle: For dynamic targets, the time-varying amplitude and phase adjustment matrix can be constructed by changing the dynamic angle at each time. The output channel number is the same as that of the static one, without additional configuration. In the dynamic channel file, the first column TIME is the time resolution of the file, with a unit of milliseconds. The minimum time resolution of the current product is 1 millisecond, which can fully meet the requirement of angle update. The first row is the channel number, and the subsequent columns are expanded in the form of A (input) n (number) B (output) m (number). The input is arranged first, and then the output. Each cell is internally organized in the format of "power | phase", indicating the amplitude and phase values of the An-Bm link at this time. The specific form of the file is shown in Figure 6 .

[0070] 4) Connection of radar target simulator The output port of the phase modulation network needs to be connected to a radar target simulator to simulate the distance (i.e. time delay), Doppler shift, and power loss and RCS of the perceived target, in other words, the phase modulation network plays a role of angle simulation and channel combination, and for the traditional radar target simulation parameters, the radar target simulator is still used to implement, and the related simulation algorithm can follow the existing scheme in the industry.

[0071] In addition, it should be noted that the phase modulation network has a device processing delay of about 30ns, which corresponds to a distance delay of 4.5m, so the radar target simulator needs to compensate for the target distance simulation process to ensure accuracy. At the same time, since the two instruments are used simultaneously, synchronization triggering is required.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the application can take the form of a computer program product on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROMs, optical storage media, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied in the medium.

[0073] Therefore, the present application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is executed by a processor to implement the method according to any one of the embodiments of the present application.

[0074] The present application is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus produce a device that implements the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks

[0075] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can cause the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured product including instruction devices that implement the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks

[0076] These computer program instructions can also be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing devices, so that a series of operation steps are performed on the computer or other programmable devices to generate computer-implemented processes, thus the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable devices provide a process for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart Figure 1 one flowchart or multiple flowcharts and / or blocks Figure 1 one flowchart or multiple flowcharts and / or blocks

[0077] Further, the present application also provides an electronic device (or computing device), comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable in the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method according to any one of the embodiments of the present application.

[0078] In one typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory. The memory can include non-persistent memory and / or volatile memory, e.g., random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory, as well as removable media, such as compact disks (CDs), digital versatile disks (DVDs), etc. The memory is an example of computer readable media. Computer readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, movable and non-movable media that can be implemented using any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact discs read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information accessible to computing devices. According to the definition herein, computer readable media does not include transitory media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0079] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises a... " does not, without more constraints, exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

[0080] The above description is merely illustrative of the application, and not restrictive. Various modifications and changes can become apparent to those skilled in the art. Incorporating any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the application, shall be included in the scope of the claims of the application.

Claims

1. A method for testing the perceptual performance of a large-scale antenna base station, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Select the appropriate phase modulation network according to the number of channels of the tested synaesthesia base station; Build a test system, connect the input of the phase modulation network to all RF channels of the synaesthesia base station, and connect the output to the input port of the radar target simulator; According to the angle and motion characteristics of the sensing target to be simulated, the phase modulation network target angle simulation algorithm is used to calculate the amplitude and phase information of each sensing target at each moment, and then obtain the dynamic amplitude and phase adjustment file and load it into the phase modulation network; Simulate the target's time delay, Doppler frequency shift, and radar scattering area, and import the radar target simulator after clock synchronization with the phase modulation network; Activate the base station, play the target simulation files of the phase modulation network and radar target simulator, and start the end-to-end perception performance test.

2. The method for perceptual performance testing of a large-scale antenna base station according to claim 1, wherein: The phase modulation network target angle simulation algorithm is specifically as follows: Determine the target state to be simulated and the target angle to be simulated at each moment. For scattering point targets, determine the number of virtual probes required. Taking the center of the telepathic base station as the origin, calculate the base station antenna topology at the transmitter and the position coordinates of the virtual probe at the receiver. Based on the coordinates of the transmitting and receiving ends, the propagation distance and signal angle of each link from each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe are calculated; Calculating the channel arrival angle and link gain based on the link propagation distances and base station antenna patterns; Calculate the link phase based on the link distances from each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe; Perform amplitude and phase combining of logical antennas; Determine whether the perception target movement time has ended. If not, confirm the perception target angle. Determine whether the perception target traversal is completed. If not, traverse the perception target. If the movement time has ended and the perception target traversal is completed, adjust the order of the amplitude and phase matrix according to the connection requirements and generate a dynamic test file.

3. The method for perceptual performance testing of a large-scale antenna base station according to claim 2, wherein: The base station center is used as the origin to calculate the base station antenna topology of the transmitter and the position coordinates of the virtual probe of the receiver. Specifically, the base station antenna array is set to be symmetrically distributed on the YOZ plane. The sensing beam propagates along the X axis toward the sensing target. The sensing targets in different directions are received and echoed by the virtual probe at that position. Each pair of virtual probes is in V / H vertical and horizontal dual polarization form: Then for the logical antenna array element of the base station , whose coordinates are: Where K and J are the vertical and horizontal logical antenna numbers of the base station respectively. Represents the logical antenna element coordinate index on the base station antenna array plane, where is the horizontal index, is the vertical index, 、 are the vertical and horizontal spacings of each logical antenna array element respectively; Assume that the angle of the target to be simulated is , simulate the distance R between the target and the base station, and according to the geometric topological relationship, the coordinates of the virtual probe are obtained as follows: 。 4. The method for perceptual performance testing of a large-scale antenna base station according to claim 2, wherein: In the calculation of the link propagation distance and signal angle of each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe based on the coordinates of the transmitting and receiving ends, the angle of the perceived incoming wave mapped by the logical antenna element to the simulated target is: ， in , respectively represent the coordinate differences between the logical antenna array element coordinates and the virtual probe coordinates in the x, y, and z directions; Represents the spatial distance from the logical antenna array element to the virtual probe; 、 are the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the incoming signal arriving at the logical antenna array element (j, k).

5. The method for perceptual performance testing of a large-scale antenna base station according to claim 2, wherein: The calculation of the channel arrival angle and link gain based on the propagation distance of each link and the base station antenna pattern is specifically as follows: If the base station is relatively The three-dimensional angle of inclination, They are the rotation angles around the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, respectively, used for global and local coordinate system conversion; according to the global and local coordinate conversion formula of 3GPP TR 38.901, the angle position of the perceived incoming wave in the local coordinate system can be obtained for: The antenna gain of each logical element of the base station is distributed according to the function of 3GPP TR 38.901: The formula for vertically polarized antenna gain (dB) is: ,in, ; Horizontal polarization antenna gain (dB): ,in, ; Total gain of three-dimensional antenna (dB): ； Substitute the obtained local coordinate system into the perceived incoming wave angle position , find the overall antenna gain, and then calculate the polarization tilt When , the vertical and horizontal antenna gains in the local coordinate system are: , Then, according to the TR38.901 global and local coordinate conversion formula, the antenna gains of each logical antenna array element of the base station antenna in the global coordinate system to the vertical and horizontal polarizations of the virtual probe are calculated as follows: in, is the spherical basis vector rotation angle of the local coordinate system relative to the global coordinate system is the vertical polarization equivalent gain of antenna element (j, k), is the horizontal polarization equivalent gain of antenna element (j, k); In the local coordinate system, the antenna element (j, k) is along the pitch angle Raw gain of direction; In the local coordinate system, the antenna element (j, k) is along the azimuth Raw gain in direction.

6. The method for testing the perception performance of a large-scale antenna base station according to claim 2, wherein: The link phase is calculated based on the link distances from each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe, specifically: in, is the phase difference of the signal received by the logical antenna element (j, k), is the spatial coordinate of the (j, k)th antenna array element, It represents the link distance from each logical antenna element of the base station antenna to the virtual probe, and R is the distance between the sensing target and the base station.

7. The method for perceptual performance testing of a large-scale antenna base station according to claim 2, wherein: The amplitude and phase combination of the logical antenna is specifically performed as follows: Combined with the base station panel's RF physical channel, co-polarized logical antennas are merged, as follows: , in 、 are the time domain responses of each physical channel port of the base station mapped to the vertical and horizontal polarization antennas of the virtual probe, j is the horizontal direction index, m is the physical channel index after merging, and n is the original logical antenna index before merging. is the link phase difference from the (j,n)th logical antenna to the virtual probe; The dimension of the output amplitude and phase adjustment matrix is ,For each physical channel port of the base station, the power and phase mapped to the virtual probe are: , , in 、 The link amplitudes of each physical channel port of the base station mapped to the vertical and horizontal polarization antennas of the virtual probe respectively; 、 Respectively represent the link phases from the base station physical channel port to the virtual probe in vertical polarization and horizontal polarization; The above steps discuss the case where the transmitting and receiving virtual probes are vertical / horizontal dual polarization. If it is an omnidirectional single antenna, it is easy to know the phase , indicating that the omnidirectional single antenna has no polarization difference and the horizontal and vertical polarization phases are the same; Then the amplitude gain of a single omnidirectional antenna is: Then, logical antenna merging and normalization are still performed.

8. The method for perceptual performance testing of a large-scale antenna base station according to claim 2, wherein: The sequential adjustment of the amplitude and phase matrix according to the connection requirements to generate a dynamic test file is specifically as follows: according to the specific cable connection position, the combined amplitude and phase are sequentially adjusted in sequence to obtain the amplitude and phase adjustment matrix of the phase modulation network, and the sequential adjustment of the amplitude and phase matrix according to the connection requirements is performed to generate a dynamic test file.

9. The method for perceptual performance testing of a large-scale antenna base station according to claim 1, wherein: The dynamic test files of the phase modulation network and the radar target simulator are played to start the end-to-end perception performance test, which specifically includes: For multi-target testing, if the perceived targets are all at the same angle, a single virtual probe is used for the output during the phase modulation network simulation, and the number of output channels is 2, with no additional output channels. If the targets are at different angles, the number of output channels is increased for each angle, and a radar target simulator is added for each angle. For multi-scattering point testing, if there are multiple scattering points on a single target, additional output channels are added at each angle, and the probe is combined at the rear to connect to the same radar target simulator, without the need for additional output channels. For dynamic angle testing, the dynamic angle changes at each moment use a time-varying amplitude and phase adjustment matrix. The number of output channels is consistent with the static one, and no additional configuration is required.

10. A system for implementing the perceptual performance testing method for a large-scale antenna base station according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: A synaesthesia base station, used to send and receive perception signals, serves as the object under test; The phase modulation network is used to connect all RF channels of the telemetry base station. By loading the dynamic amplitude and phase adjustment file, the dynamic amplitude and phase adjustment of each link is performed to simulate the perception of targets at different angles. The links are then combined and output to the radar target simulator with fewer channels. The radar target simulator is used to receive the signal output by the phase modulation network after clock synchronization with the phase modulation network, simulate the characteristics of the target's time delay, Doppler frequency shift and radar scattering area, and cooperate with the phase modulation network to complete the test of the perception performance of the telepathic base station.

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