Ten-thousand-ton hydraulic machine for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrode and forming method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic machines, in particular to a ten-thousand-ton hydraulic machine for semi-continuous extrusion of an integral titanium electrode and a forming method. The ten-thousand-ton hydraulic machine comprises an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, a stand column, a sliding block, an oil cylinder, an upper die punching switching assembly and a female die; the stand column is connected between the upper beam and the lower beam, the sliding block is arranged on the stand column in a sliding mode, the upper punch switching assembly is detachably connected to the bottom face of the sliding block, and the female die is connected to the top face of the lower beam. The oil cylinder is provided with a position-adjustable main piston rod, the top of the oil cylinder is connected to the upper cross beam, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the bottom of the main piston rod, a sliding hole is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped groove, and a convex spherical pad is arranged between the sliding hole and the arc-shaped groove; the upper punch switching assembly comprises an upper pressing head and a demolding head. A supporting lower pressing head capable of being adjusted in a lifting mode is arranged at the bottom end of the lower cross beam and can stretch into the female die. The forming efficiency and the forming quality of the titanium electrode are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic presses, and in particular to a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes and a forming method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the demand for large-diameter titanium ingot electrodes has increased year by year. Due to the high forming strength ratio of titanium electrodes, the forming tonnage required for the press forming of titanium electrodes with large cross-sectional diameters has increased accordingly. The corresponding hydraulic tonnage that meets the forming requirements needs to be increased to several thousand to tens of thousands of tons.

[0003] In the extrusion process of integral titanium electrodes, the commonly used method is to first press sponge titanium into electrode blocks, and then weld them into integral electrodes and melt them into titanium ingots. The disadvantages of this method are low efficiency, and the welding points will contaminate the electrodes, affecting the purity of the titanium ingots after melting. It is not suitable for the high quality requirements of aviation titanium alloy forgings.

[0004] For large-tonnage titanium electrode extrusion hydraulic presses, traditional presses usually have a multi-cylinder structure, that is, the combined force of the multiple cylinders during loading meets the forming tonnage requirements. However, the titanium electrode extrusion forming process uses a concentrated load centered on the diameter of the pressed titanium ingot. The use of a multi-cylinder structure for the loading cylinder will cause the slider to be subjected to additional shear, and the slider will inevitably need to be heightened and strengthened to meet the strength requirements. In addition, if the loading cylinder adopts an integral single-cylinder structure, the transition between the bottom of the integral single-cylinder cylinder and the cylinder barrel will have a large change in structural shape. The bottom of the cylinder will bulge upward under pressure, while the cylinder barrel will expand outward under pressure. Stress concentration is very likely to occur at this point, causing fatigue failure and cracks in the cylinder bottom. In addition, the integral structure also makes it inconvenient to process the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, such as rolling and boring.

[0005] In addition, when titanium electrodes are extruded, there is an eccentric load during pressing due to the different sizes of the particles during loading and the existence of stacking angles. This eccentric load can cause scratches on the cylinder rigidly connected to the slider and thus seal failure. The conventional cylinder spherical pad structure is usually firmly pressed in actual work and cannot play the role of eccentric load compensation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art. To this end, the present invention provides a 10,000-ton hydraulic press and forming method for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes. This method addresses the prior art technical issues of low titanium electrode forming efficiency and weld contamination affecting purity. The present invention improves the forming efficiency and quality of the titanium electrode by utilizing an upper punch switching assembly, a die, and a supporting lower punch.

[0007] The present invention provides a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, comprising an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a column, a slide block, an oil cylinder, an upper die punch switching assembly, and a die; The column is connected between the upper beam and the lower beam, the slider is slidably mounted on the column, the upper punch switching assembly is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the slider, and the die is connected to the top surface of the lower beam; The oil cylinder has a main piston rod with adjustable position, the top of the oil cylinder is connected to the upper crossbeam, the bottom of the main piston rod is formed with an arc-shaped groove, the bottom of the arc-shaped groove is connected to a sliding hole, and a convex spherical pad is provided between the sliding hole and the arc-shaped groove; The upper punch switching assembly includes an upper pressing head and a stripping head; The bottom end of the lower cross beam is provided with a supporting pressing head which can be adjusted up and down, and the supporting pressing head can extend into the die.

[0008] A further improvement of the 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes of the present invention is that the oil cylinder comprises an upper pad, a cylinder, a lower pad, a main piston rod and a plunger rod; The upper pad is connected to the top of the cylinder, the lower pad is connected to the bottom of the cylinder, the top surface of the upper pad is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper crossbeam, the main piston rod is slidably arranged in the cylinder and the bottom end extends out of the lower pad, the main piston rod is provided with a blind hole extending in the vertical direction, the plunger rod is inserted into the blind hole after passing through the upper pad, a first oil circuit is formed in the plunger rod, and the first oil circuit is connected to an external oil tank; Oil is passed into the first oil circuit through the external oil tank to drive the main piston rod to move downward, thereby driving the slide block to slide downward.

[0009] A further improvement of the 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes of the present invention is that a first oil hole is opened near the top of the cylinder, and a second oil hole is opened on the bottom plate. The first oil hole is connected to an external oil tank, and the second oil hole is connected to the external oil tank and the cylinder. The main piston rod includes a first rod segment, a second rod segment, a third rod segment and a rod head formed in sequence. The distance between the bottom end of the first oil hole and the bottom surface of the upper cross beam is less than or equal to the height of the first rod segment. The diameter of the first rod segment is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder. The second rod segment is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder. The diameter of the third rod segment is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder.

[0010] A further improvement of the 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes of the present invention is that a guide sleeve is provided at the bottom of the lower pad, and the main piston rod is inserted into the guide sleeve.

[0011] A further improvement of the 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes of the present invention is that the rod head and the sliding hole are connected via a flange.

[0012] A further improvement of the 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes of the present invention is that it also includes a transition block and a pull rod. The transition block is arranged inside the upper crossbeam and connected to the upper pad. The upper pad and the upper crossbeam are connected by a pull rod.

[0013] A further improvement of the 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to the present invention is that a forming cavity is formed at the center position of the die, and the forming cavity includes a first discharge section, a second discharge section and a third discharge section arranged in sequence from bottom to top, the diameter of the first discharge section is smaller than the diameter of the third discharge section, the second discharge section is connected to the first discharge section and the third discharge section and is inclined, and the diameter of the supporting lower pressure head matches the diameter of the first discharge section.

[0014] A further improvement of the 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes of the present invention is that the upper pressing head comprises a first connecting section, a first limb section, and a first pressing section, the first pressing section can extend into the forming cavity, and the bottom end of the first pressing section is pointed; The demoulding head includes a second connecting section, a second limb section and a second pressing section. The second pressing section can extend into the forming cavity, and the bottom end of the second pressing section is planar.

[0015] A further improvement of the 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes of the present invention is that a limiting sleeve is provided on the column.

[0016] A method for forming an integral titanium electrode, using a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of an integral titanium electrode as described above, comprises the following steps: S1, the slider returns to the upper limit position, the upper pressure head is connected to the bottom surface of the slider, the supporting lower pressure head extends upward to extend into the die, and sponge titanium bulk material is added into the die. The height of the sponge titanium bulk material is H1. The main piston rod of the oil cylinder extends to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the die to press the sponge titanium bulk material into the first section of titanium electrode. The height of the first section of titanium electrode is H2, wherein, ; S2, the slider returns, sponge titanium bulk material is added to the die, the main piston rod of the oil cylinder extends to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the die to press the sponge titanium bulk material into the second section of titanium electrode. The second section of titanium electrode and the first section of titanium electrode are nested and pressed together. At this time, the sum of the heights of the second section of titanium electrode and the first section of titanium electrode is 2H2. The supporting lower pressure head is adjusted downward to disengage from the die; S3, adding titanium sponge bulk material into the die, extending the main piston rod of the oil cylinder to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressing head to extend into the die to press the titanium sponge bulk material; S4, repeating step S3 several times until the entire titanium electrode is pressed; S5, replace the upper pressure head at the bottom of the slider with a demoulding head, move the material receiving device to the bottom of the integral titanium electrode and wait, the slider drives the demoulding head to press downward, and the integral titanium electrode is separated from the die. The integral titanium electrode falls into the material receiving device, and the processing of an integral titanium electrode is completed.

[0017] The above one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: The present invention abandons the multi-cylinder structure of the traditional large-tonnage titanium electrode extrusion hydraulic press, conforms to the characteristics of the titanium electrode center load extrusion molding process, and adopts a single 10,000-ton level loading cylinder. The slider structure is simple in manufacturing due to this. Different from the conventional large-tonnage cylinder structure, the upper pad, cylinder body and lower pad of the cylinder of the present invention are connected into a whole with a pre-tightening force. As a prestressed structure, the cylinder avoids the stress concentration caused by the change of wall thickness at the bottom of the cylinder of the conventional large-tonnage cylinder. The cylinder in the present invention is a separate structure, and the inner wall of the cylinder body is smooth without steps. When the inner wall of the cylinder body is processed, such as rolling and boring, the processing performance is also improved compared with the blind hole structure of the previous integral structure.

[0018] The oil cylinder in this invention is connected to the upper crossbeam via an upper pad, and the lower pad is connected to the barrel, serving as the cylinder bottom. The reaction force of the high-pressure oil is directly transmitted to the upper crossbeam. Due to the large load-bearing area and simple shape of the cylinder bottom, load transfer is reliable and stress concentration is avoided. Furthermore, no through-holes are required in the upper crossbeam for mounting the oil cylinder. This significantly improves the strength of the upper crossbeam and greatly reduces its machining difficulty, eliminating the impact of unbalanced loading forces. The plunger rod is nested within the main piston rod, reducing the number of pump units in the system and saving equipment investment.

[0019] The present invention utilizes a concave die with a constricted diameter to provide pre-compression resistance when extruding bulk material. This allows for the production of titanium electrodes of varying diameters, specifications, and lengths through a continuous feeding, pressing, and extrusion process. This eliminates the cumbersome process of traditional electrode manufacturing, which involves assembling completed electrode blocks into a single piece before welding them in a vacuum chamber. This shortens the process flow and conserves energy, significantly reducing errors in intermediate steps and achieving energy conservation and emission reduction goals.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes provided by the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes provided by the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0024] Figure 3 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of an oil cylinder in a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes.

[0025] Figure 4 The present invention provides a cross-sectional view of an upper crossbeam in a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. Upper crossbeam; 2. Transition block; 3. Pull rod; 4. Buffer pad; 5. Cylinder; 6. Column; 7. Slider; 8. Lower crossbeam; 91. Upper pressure head; 92. Demolding head; 93. Die; 94. Sponge titanium bulk material; 10. Limit sleeve; 11. Support lower pressure head; 51. Upper pad; 52. Cylinder; 521. First oil hole; 53. Lower pad; 531. Second oil hole; 54. Guide sleeve; 55. Flange; 56. Spherical pad; 57. Sliding hole; 58. Plunger rod; 581. First sealing gasket; 582. Connecting nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0028] The following combination Figure 1 The present invention describes a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, comprising an upper crossbeam 1, a lower crossbeam 8, a column 6, a slide 7, a cylinder 5, an upper punch switching assembly, and a die 93; The column 6 is connected between the upper beam 1 and the lower beam 8, the slider 7 is slidably arranged on the column 6, the upper punch switching assembly is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the slider 7, and the die 93 is connected to the top surface of the lower beam 8; the oil cylinder 5 has a main piston rod with adjustable position, the top of the oil cylinder 5 is connected to the upper beam 1, and the bottom of the main piston rod is formed with an arc-shaped groove, the bottom of the arc-shaped groove is connected with a sliding hole 57, and a convex spherical pad 56 is arranged between the sliding hole 57 and the arc-shaped groove; the upper punch switching assembly includes an upper punch 91 and a demoulding head 92; the bottom end of the lower beam 8 is provided with a support lower punch 11 that can be raised and lowered, and the support lower punch 11 can extend into the die 93.

[0029] The upper punch switching assembly is set in the form of an upper pressure head 91 and a demoulding head 92. The upper pressure head 91 can realize continuous extrusion of multiple electrode blocks, and the demoulding head 92 can realize demoulding of the titanium electrode formed by multiple electrode blocks. The titanium electrodes produced in this way do not need to be re-welded and connected, which improves the production quality of the titanium electrodes. By setting the arc groove and the sliding hole 57, the stress dispersion of the main piston rod is avoided and the structural stability of the cylinder 5 is improved.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes is Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the oil cylinder 5 includes an upper pad 51, a cylinder 52, a lower pad 53, a main piston rod and a plunger rod 58; The upper pad 51 is connected to the top of the cylinder 52, and the lower pad 53 is connected to the bottom of the cylinder 52. The top surface of the upper pad 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper crossbeam 1. The main piston rod is slidably arranged in the cylinder 52 and the bottom end extends out of the lower pad 53. The main piston rod is provided with a blind hole extending in the vertical direction. The plunger rod 58 is inserted into the blind hole after passing through the upper pad 51. A first oil circuit is formed in the plunger rod 58, and the first oil circuit is connected to an external oil tank. Oil is passed into the first oil circuit through the external oil tank to drive the main piston rod to move downward, thereby driving the slider 7 to slide downward.

[0031] By setting the oil cylinder 5 as a split structure, the connection between the upper pad 51 and the upper cross beam 1 can be facilitated. The upper pad 51, the cylinder 52 and the lower pad 53 are connected as a whole, avoiding the stress concentration caused by the change in wall thickness at the bottom of the conventional large-tonnage oil cylinder; through the cylinder 52 and the lower pad 53 serving as the cylinder bottom, the cylinder 52 can maintain the through-hole shape, and the inner wall of the cylinder 52 is smooth and has no other structure. Other structures are set on the inner wall of the cylinder 52, such as rolling, boring, etc., which can have higher production precision. Compared with the blind hole structure of the previous integral structure, the processing performance is also improved; the reaction force of the high-pressure oil is directly transmitted to the upper cross beam 1. Since the lower pad 53 serves as the cylinder bottom with a large bearing area and a simple shape, the load transmission is reliable and there is no stress concentration phenomenon. At the same time, there is no need to open a through hole on the upper cross beam 1 to install the oil cylinder 5. Not only is the strength of the beam greatly improved, but its processing difficulty is also greatly reduced.

[0032] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, a first oil hole 521 is provided near the top of the cylinder 52, and a second oil hole 531 is provided on the lower pad 53. The first oil hole 521 is connected to the external oil tank, and the second oil hole 531 is connected to the external oil tank and the cylinder 52; the main piston rod includes a first rod segment, a second rod segment, a third rod segment and a rod head formed in sequence, the distance between the bottom end of the first oil hole 521 and the bottom surface of the upper cross beam 1 is less than or equal to the height of the first rod segment, the diameter of the first rod segment is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 52, the second rod segment is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder 52, and the diameter of the third rod segment is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 52.

[0033] Preferably, when the main piston rod needs to be extended, oil is passed from the external oil tank to the first oil circuit, and the high-pressure oil pushes the main piston rod to move downward. At the same time, the high-pressure oil in the external oil tank is input into the cylinder 52 from the first oil hole 521, and the oil is discharged to the external oil tank from the second oil hole 531, thereby increasing the force for the main piston rod to move downward, so that the main piston rod can move downward smoothly and meet the set load.

[0034] Preferably, when the main piston rod needs to retract, the external oil tank flows oil into the second oil circuit, and the high-pressure oil pushes the main piston rod to move upward. At this time, the high-pressure oil in the external oil tank is input into the cylinder 52 from the second oil hole 531, and the oil is discharged to the external oil tank from the first oil hole 521, thereby assisting the main piston rod to retract upward smoothly; through this oil circuit design, precise control of the extension and retraction of the main piston rod can be achieved, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the 10,000-ton hydraulic press during the semi-continuous extrusion process of the integral titanium electrode.

[0035] Preferably, a first sealing gasket 581 is formed at the connection position of the plunger rod 58, the blind hole and the upper pad 51, and a connecting nut 582 is formed at the connection position of the plunger rod 58 and the top surface of the upper pad 51 to improve the connection stability of the plunger rod 58 and the upper pad 51.

[0036] Preferably, an upper protrusion is formed at a position of the upper pad 51 corresponding to the cylinder 52, and a lower protrusion is formed at a position of the lower pad 53 corresponding to the cylinder 52. The upper protrusion and the lower protrusion can be clamped on the cylinder 52 to achieve a sealed connection between the upper pad 51 and the cylinder 52 and a sealed connection between the lower pad 53 and the cylinder 52.

[0037] Preferably, the upper pad 51 and the lower pad 53 are square, and eight through holes are opened at the four corners of the square at positions staggered from the projection area of ​​the cylinder 52. They are connected by eight cylinder tie rods arranged therethrough. The cylinder tie rods and lock nuts pre-tighten the upper pad 51 and the lower pad 53 and the cylinder 52 to form a closed force-bearing frame together. The combined pre-tightening force of the eight cylinder tie rods is not less than 1.1 times the main tonnage of the 10,000-ton oil cylinder. At this point, the prestressed 10,000-ton cylinder structure is formed.

[0038] Specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a guide sleeve 54 is provided at the bottom of the lower plate 53, through which the main piston rod passes. This sleeve ensures the stability and straightness of the main piston rod during movement, preventing it from deflecting or shaking under the pressure of high-pressure oil. It also guides the main piston rod, allowing it to move smoothly along a predetermined trajectory. Furthermore, the connection between the guide sleeve 54 and the lower plate 53 forms a strong seal, effectively preventing oil leakage and ensuring the normal operation of the hydraulic press and the stability of the extrusion process.

[0039] Specifically, the rod head and the sliding hole 57 are connected via a flange 55. The rod head is in an inverted T-shape. This inverted T-shaped design not only facilitates connection to the flange 55 but also effectively disperses the stress generated during extrusion, thereby increasing the load-bearing capacity of the entire connection. This connection creates a tighter connection between the rod head and the sliding hole 57, effectively transmitting the extrusion force and ensuring the stability and forming quality of the titanium electrode during the extrusion process.

[0040] Preferably, the lower part of the main piston rod is in the form of a concave spherical surface, and the convex spherical pad 56 is connected to the lower part of the main piston rod. The convex spherical pad 56 is placed horizontally in the sliding hole 57. The sliding hole 57 is in the form of a groove, and the periphery of the convex spherical pad 56 is in the form of a platform step. A pressure cover is placed on the upper part of the sliding hole 57. The platform step around the convex spherical pad 56 is restricted in its upward position by the pressure cover and the sliding hole 57, and the gap is 0.05-0.10mm, allowing the convex spherical pad 56 to move horizontally in the sliding hole 57. A flange is installed on the upper part of the pressure cover, which is a spherical pad flange. The spherical pad flange, the pressure cover, and the sliding hole 57 are fastened to the slider 7 by screws; the upper and lower surfaces of the convex spherical pad 56 are provided with staggered lubricating oil grooves in longitude and latitude, and a lubricating oil channel is provided on the lower part of the main piston rod near the concave spherical pad. The lubricating oil can be injected into the space between the convex spherical pad 56 and the main piston rod, and between the convex spherical pad 56 and the sliding hole 57 through the lubricating oil channel.

[0041] Furthermore, if Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a transition block 2 and a pull rod 3. The transition block 2 is arranged inside the upper cross beam 1 and connected to the upper pad 51. The upper pad 51 and the upper cross beam 1 are connected through the pull rod 3.

[0042] Specifically, the oil cylinder 5 is located at the center position below the upper crossbeam 1, the transition block is located on the left and right center lines of the upper crossbeam 1 and offset to the lower part of the front and rear center lines. Multiple tie rods 3 are arranged around the transition block 2. These tie rods 3 are evenly distributed, ensuring a more stable connection between the upper pad 51 and the upper crossbeam 1. The design of the transition block 2 not only plays a supporting and connecting role, but also optimizes the layout of the tie rods 3, making the entire structure more compact and reasonable. At the same time, the material of the transition block 2 and the tie rods 3 are both made of high-strength alloy steel, which has excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance. It can withstand the huge pressure generated by the 10,000-ton hydraulic press during the extrusion process, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0043] Preferably, a buffer pad 4 is provided between the bottom end of the transition block 2 and the upper pad 51 .

[0044] Preferably, upper crossbeam 1 is locked to lower crossbeam 8 via four uprights 6 and sixteen locknuts, forming a closed load-bearing frame that bears the full load of the hydraulic press during loading. During loading, the reaction force of the high-pressure oil is transmitted to the bottom of upper crossbeam 1 through the bottom of cylinder 5. This eliminates the stress concentration at the cylinder port flange in hydraulic presses in the prior art, while also increasing the strength of upper crossbeam 1 and reducing the difficulty of manufacturing it.

[0045] Furthermore, a forming cavity is formed at the center position of the die 93, and the forming cavity includes a first discharge section, a second discharge section and a third discharge section arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The diameter of the first discharge section is smaller than the diameter of the third discharge section. The second discharge section is connected to the first discharge section and the third discharge section and is inclined. The diameter of the supporting lower pressure head 11 matches the diameter of the first discharge section.

[0046] Preferably, the inner wall of the forming cavity is in a stepped shape with streamlined transitions. When the titanium electrode is pressed and formed, the cross-sectional area of ​​the die 93 becomes smaller, thereby providing pre-compression resistance in the axial direction to increase the density of the titanium electrode.

[0047] Specifically, the upper pressure head 91 includes a first connecting section, a first limb section and a first pressing section, the first pressing section can be extended into the forming cavity, and the bottom end of the first pressing section is pointed; the demolding head 92 includes a second connecting section, a second limb section and a second pressing section, the second pressing section can be extended into the forming cavity, and the bottom end of the second pressing section is flat.

[0048] Preferably, the first connecting section is connected to the slider 7 for transmitting driving force so that the upper pressure head 91 can move up and down, and the first limb section plays the role of supporting and connecting the first connecting section and the first pressing section, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength of the upper pressure head 91. The tip design of the first pressing section can more effectively press the titanium electrode material, improve the connection stability of the two adjacent sections of titanium electrodes, and improve the overall titanium electrode forming efficiency and forming quality. The second connecting section is connected to the slider 7 for controlling the movement of the demolding head 92, and the second limb section connects the second connecting section and the second pressing section to ensure the stability of the demolding head 92 during movement. The planar bottom end design of the second pressing section can more smoothly push out the formed titanium electrode during the demolding process to avoid damage to the titanium electrode.

[0049] Preferably, a guide sleeve is provided at the position of the lower cross beam 8 corresponding to the die 93, and the inner diameter of the guide sleeve matches the diameter of the first discharge section. The support lower pressure head 11 is passed through the guide sleeve and then enters the first discharge section. The titanium electrode extruded first can enter the guide sleeve, and the entire titanium electrode gradually enters the guide sleeve, and then the entire titanium electrode that has been pressed is separated from the guide sleeve and enters the material receiving device.

[0050] Furthermore, a limiting sleeve 10 is provided on the column 6, and the diameter of the lower position of the column 6 corresponding to the position where the limiting sleeve 10 is to be installed is larger than the diameter of the top, so that when the limiting sleeve 10 is installed on the column 6, the connection stability of the limiting sleeve 10 and the column 6 can be improved. When the slider 7 abuts against the limiting sleeve 10, the slider 7 reaches the lower limit position.

[0051] A method for forming an integral titanium electrode, using a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of an integral titanium electrode as described above, comprises the following steps: S1, the slider returns to the upper limit position, the upper pressure head is connected to the bottom surface of the slider, the supporting lower pressure head extends upward to extend into the die, and sponge titanium bulk material 94 is added into the die. The height of the sponge titanium bulk material 94 is H1. The main piston rod of the oil cylinder extends to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the die to press the sponge titanium bulk material into the first section of titanium electrode. The height of the first section of titanium electrode is H2, wherein, The first titanium electrode segment is formed. When the titanium electrode is formed, the cross-sectional area of ​​the die is reduced to provide pre-compression resistance to increase the density of the titanium electrode. Due to the different sizes and stacking angles of titanium sponge particles during loading, there is an eccentric load during pressing. This eccentric load causes the main piston rod of the oil cylinder, which is rigidly connected to the slider, to bear a lateral force. Under the action of this lateral force, corresponding circumferential and spherical center rotational displacement compensation will occur between the sliding hole and the convex spherical pad, avoiding the lateral force eccentric load directly acting on the piston rod guide surface, causing scratches on the piston rod or the first guide sleeve. S2, the slider returns, sponge titanium bulk material is added to the die, the main piston rod of the oil cylinder extends to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the die to press the sponge titanium bulk material into the second section of titanium electrode. The second section of titanium electrode and the first section of titanium electrode are nested and pressed together. At this time, the sum of the heights of the second section of titanium electrode and the first section of titanium electrode is 2H2. The supporting lower pressure head is adjusted downward to disengage from the die; S3, adding titanium sponge bulk material into the die, extending the main piston rod of the oil cylinder to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressing head to extend into the die to press the titanium sponge bulk material; The sum of the friction between the two pressed titanium electrode segments and the inner wall of the die and the resistance to the diameter contraction of the die is no greater than the pressing force of the conical forming upper punch of the upper pressing head; because the diameter of the guide sleeve is larger than the diameter of the first discharge section of the die, the first titanium electrode segment can be demoulded from the die; S4, repeating step S3 several times until the entire titanium electrode is pressed; S5, replace the upper pressure head at the bottom of the slider with a demoulding head, move the material receiving device to the bottom of the integral titanium electrode and wait, the slider drives the demoulding head to press downward, and the integral titanium electrode is separated from the die. The integral titanium electrode falls into the material receiving device, and the processing of an integral titanium electrode is completed.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, characterized in that: It includes an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a column, a slide, a cylinder, an upper punch switching assembly and a die; The column is connected between the upper beam and the lower beam, the slider is slidably mounted on the column, the upper punch switching assembly is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the slider, and the die is connected to the top surface of the lower beam; The oil cylinder has a main piston rod with adjustable position, the top of the oil cylinder is connected to the upper crossbeam, the bottom of the main piston rod is formed with an arc-shaped groove, the bottom of the arc-shaped groove is connected to a sliding hole, and a convex spherical pad is provided between the sliding hole and the arc-shaped groove; The upper punch switching assembly includes an upper pressing head and a stripping head; The bottom end of the lower cross beam is provided with a supporting pressing head which can be adjusted up and down, and the supporting pressing head can extend into the die.

2. The 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil cylinder comprises an upper pad, a cylinder, a lower pad, a main piston rod and a plunger rod; The upper pad is connected to the top of the cylinder, the lower pad is connected to the bottom of the cylinder, the top surface of the upper pad is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper crossbeam, the main piston rod is slidably arranged in the cylinder and the bottom end extends out of the lower pad, the main piston rod is provided with a blind hole extending in the vertical direction, the plunger rod is inserted into the blind hole after passing through the upper pad, a first oil circuit is formed in the plunger rod, and the first oil circuit is connected to an external oil tank; Oil is passed into the first oil circuit through the external oil tank to drive the main piston rod to move downward, thereby driving the slide block to slide downward.

3. The 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first oil hole is formed near the top of the cylinder, and a second oil hole is formed on the lower plate. The first oil hole is connected to the external oil tank, and the second oil hole is connected to the external oil tank and the cylinder. The main piston rod includes a first rod segment, a second rod segment, a third rod segment and a rod head formed in sequence. The distance between the bottom end of the first oil hole and the bottom surface of the upper cross beam is less than or equal to the height of the first rod segment. The diameter of the first rod segment is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder. The second rod segment is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder. The diameter of the third rod segment is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder.

4. The 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 3, characterized in that: A guide sleeve is provided at the bottom of the lower pad, and the main piston rod is passed through the guide sleeve.

5. The 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rod head and the sliding hole are connected via a flange.

6. The 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a transition block and a pull rod. The transition block is arranged inside the upper cross beam and connected to the upper pad. The upper pad and the upper cross beam are connected by a pull rod.

7. The 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 2, characterized in that: A forming cavity is formed at the center of the die, and the forming cavity includes a first discharge section, a second discharge section and a third discharge section arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The diameter of the first discharge section is smaller than the diameter of the third discharge section. The second discharge section is connected to the first discharge section and the third discharge section and is inclined. The diameter of the supporting lower pressure head matches the diameter of the first discharge section.

8. The 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper pressing head includes a first connecting section, a first limb section and a first pressing section, wherein the first pressing section can extend into the forming cavity, and the bottom end of the first pressing section is pointed; The demoulding head includes a second connecting section, a second limb section and a second pressing section. The second pressing section can extend into the forming cavity, and the bottom end of the second pressing section is planar.

9. The 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting sleeve is provided on the column.

10. A method for forming an integral titanium electrode, using a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The steps include: S1, the slider returns to the upper limit position, the upper pressure head is connected to the bottom surface of the slider, the supporting lower pressure head extends upward to extend into the die, and sponge titanium bulk material is added into the die. The height of the sponge titanium bulk material is H1. The main piston rod of the oil cylinder extends to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the die to press the sponge titanium bulk material into the first section of titanium electrode. The height of the first section of titanium electrode is H2, wherein, ; S2, the slider returns, sponge titanium bulk material is added to the die, the main piston rod of the oil cylinder extends to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the die to press the sponge titanium bulk material into the second section of titanium electrode. The second section of titanium electrode and the first section of titanium electrode are nested and pressed together. At this time, the sum of the heights of the second section of titanium electrode and the first section of titanium electrode is 2H2. The supporting lower pressure head is adjusted downward to disengage from the die; S3, adding titanium sponge bulk material into the die, extending the main piston rod of the oil cylinder to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressing head to extend into the die to press the titanium sponge bulk material; S4, repeating step S3 several times until the entire titanium electrode is pressed; S5, replace the upper pressure head at the bottom of the slider with a demoulding head, move the material receiving device to the bottom of the integral titanium electrode and wait, the slider drives the demoulding head to press downward, and the integral titanium electrode is separated from the die. The integral titanium electrode falls into the material receiving device, and the processing of an integral titanium electrode is completed.

Images