Intelligent hoisting device and method for frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe construction

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent hoisting device and method for frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe construction, and relates to the technical field of hoisting equipment. The first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism act on the inner wall and the outer wall of the ventilation pipe at the same time, three-dimensional clamping is achieved, the problem that traditional single-point clamping is prone to slipping is effectively avoided, particularly, an air bag is flexibly attached to the pipe wall through inflation expansion, damage to a pipe due to rigid clamping is avoided, friction force is increased by increasing the contact area, and the service life of the ventilation pipe is prolonged. The stability of the pipe in the hoisting process is ensured. The hydraulic motor drives the driving roller to rotate, friction force is utilized to drive the ventilation pipe to rotate at a low speed, the pressure sensor is combined to monitor contact pressure in real time, stable connection between the driving roller and the ventilation pipe can be achieved, and the stability of the ventilation pipe in the hoisting process is guaranteed; and the specific mounting surface of the pipe can be accurately adjusted to face the ground according to requirements before the pipe is hoisted at the mounting position, and the mounting surface of the ventilation pipe does not need to be adjusted by other equipment after hoisting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hoisting equipment, and in particular to an intelligent hoisting device and method for the construction of ventilation pipes based on frozen soil roadbeds. Background Art

[0002] Frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipes are transversely buried pipe structures in roadbed projects in permafrost areas. They actively regulate the roadbed temperature by utilizing natural or forced convection of cold air, maintaining the frozen state of the foundation soil and preventing the frozen soil from melting, roadbed settlement or deformation due to temperature increases, thereby ensuring roadbed stability. The ventilation ducts are made of prefabricated reinforced concrete pipes. The length, diameter, and wall thickness of each section can be customized according to requirements. Multiple rows of ventilation holes are evenly arranged on the lower arc surface of the ducts. The ventilation holes serve as channels for cold air to enter. Cold air flows into the ducts through the holes and naturally sinks due to density differences, displacing the hot air in the ducts and removing heat from the surrounding soil, thus preventing subgrade settlement caused by thawing frozen soil. In addition, when installing the roadbed ventilation pipe, the direction of the ventilation holes on its outer wall must be selected according to the actual environment. For example, in soft soil foundations or loose fill areas, the ventilation holes should be oriented vertically downward to reduce the risk of direct cover by fill; in areas with clear dominant wind direction, the ventilation holes should be oriented upwind to use natural wind pressure to enhance the introduction of cold air.

[0003] A pipeline laying construction hoisting device disclosed in the patent application with reference publication number CN117775964A can adapt to different pipe diameters of pipes through the elastic deformation of the deformation part, so that when clamping pipes with smaller diameters, there is a larger contact area between the clamping jaws and the pipe, avoiding damage to the pipe due to excessive stress concentration. When clamping pipes with larger diameters, there is a larger contact area between the clamping jaws and the pipe, so that the clamping jaws have a greater clamping force on the pipe, avoiding unstable clamping, thereby ensuring the integrity of the pipe while avoiding unnecessary losses. The above-mentioned pipeline hoisting device in the prior art has the following defects in actual use: When the lifting device lifts the pipe, it will completely lock the position of the pipe, preventing it from rotating around its own axis. Therefore, when the pipe is placed at the installation position, it still maintains its original state when it was lifted. In this way, if the installation requires that a specific side of the pipe must face the ground, it cannot be achieved by relying solely on the current lifting device. After the lifting is completed, other auxiliary equipment is still required to adjust the orientation of the pipe, thereby increasing the complexity and difficulty of the pipe installation. For example, a pipe laying construction lifting device with reference to publication number CN117775964A can lift the pipe stably, but it also synchronously locks the axial position of the pipe, and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the installation requirement that a specific side of the pipe must face the ground, thereby increasing the difficulty of installation.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes an intelligent lifting device and method for the construction of ventilation pipes based on frozen soil roadbed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an intelligent lifting device and method for the construction of ventilation pipes based on frozen soil roadbeds. The device solves the problem that after the current lifting device lifts the pipe, it completely locks the position of the pipe, preventing it from rotating around its own axis. Therefore, when the pipe is placed in the installation position, it still maintains its original state when it was lifted. If the installation requires that a specific surface of the pipe must face the ground, this cannot be achieved by relying solely on the current lifting device. After the lifting is completed, other auxiliary equipment is still needed to adjust the pipe orientation, thereby increasing the complexity and difficulty of the pipe installation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an intelligent lifting device for the construction of ventilation pipes based on frozen soil roadbed, comprising a lifting frame for the construction and lifting of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbed and an intelligent controller fixedly arranged on the side wall of the lifting frame, and also comprising a storage cylinder fixedly arranged on the front and rear side walls of the lifting frame, wherein telescopic arms are slidably arranged on the left and right sides of the interior of each of the storage cylinders, a cross bar is fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two adjacent front and rear telescopic arms, a lifting arm assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the cross bar, and the lifting arm assembly includes a side plate fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cross bar, and connecting pieces are fixedly arranged on the opposite side walls of the two side plates; A first clamping mechanism and a second clamping mechanism for simultaneously clamping the inner and outer walls of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe are respectively provided between the two connecting parts. After the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism are pre-connected to the two ends of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, the two boom assemblies are used to inflate the first clamping mechanism or the second clamping mechanism in the relative position to complete the simultaneous expansion and clamping of the inner and outer walls of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, and during the lifting process, the rotary drive mechanism is used to press the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe or rotate a specific surface of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe toward the ground.

[0007] Furthermore, a first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly provided on both sides of the inner wall of the lifting frame, and the driving shafts of the two first hydraulic cylinders slide through the lifting frame and are fixedly connected to the side walls of the cross bar at adjacent positions respectively. The four steel cables at the four corners of the top of the lifting frame, and the top ends of the multiple steel cables are connected by the same lifting ring.

[0008] Furthermore, the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism have the same structure. The first clamping mechanism includes a supporting cylinder and a piston sealingly and slidingly arranged inside the supporting cylinder. A first spring is fixedly arranged between the piston and the inner wall of the supporting cylinder. A plurality of support arm assemblies are evenly and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the supporting cylinder, and a clamping arm assembly is arranged inside each of the support arm assemblies.

[0009] Furthermore, the support arm assembly includes a support arm fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the supporting tube, a sliding groove is provided inside the support arm, and an avoidance groove connected to the sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the support arm, and a scale line groove for marking the position of the clamping arm assembly is provided on the outer wall of the support arm near the avoidance groove, and a limiting groove is also provided on the side wall of the support arm, and guide rods are fixedly provided at the four corners of the bottom of the limiting groove, and a first limiting tooth plate is provided on the outer wall of the plurality of guide rods, and a second spring is provided on the outer wall of the guide rod and is located between the first limiting tooth plate and the limiting groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping arm assembly includes a slider and a second limiting tooth plate fixedly arranged on the top of the slider, a turntable is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the slider, a clamping roller is detachably arranged on the side wall of the turntable by bolts, an airbag is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the clamping roller, an air cavity is also opened at one end of the clamping roller, an air nozzle that can be connected to the airbag is fixedly arranged inside the air cavity, one end of the air nozzle is sealed and rotatably connected to an air pipe, one end of the air pipe is rotatably passed through the turntable and the slider and is connected to a flexible air pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotation drive mechanism includes a carrier frame fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the lifting frame, and lifting rods are slidingly passed through both sides of the top of the carrier frame, and a wheel frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom ends of the two lifting rods. A second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the top of the carrier frame and located between the two lifting rods. The output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder slides through the carrier frame and is connected to the wheel frame. A pressure sensor is also fixedly arranged between the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder and the outer wall of the wheel frame for real-time detection of the pressure applied by the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder relative to the outer wall of the wheel frame.

[0012] Furthermore, a transmission shaft is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the wheel frame, a driving roller is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transmission shaft, a rubber anti-slip sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the driving roller, and a first support plate and a second support plate are rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the transmission shaft between the driving roller and the wheel frame, and dampers are rotatably connected between the side walls of the first and second support plates and the outer wall of the wheel frame, and limiting rollers are rotatably provided between the two first support plates and the two second support plates in relative positions, and a hydraulic motor is also fixedly provided on the outer wall of the wheel frame, and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor rotates through the wheel frame and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the support frame and the second hydraulic cylinder are both controlled and operated by an intelligent controller.

[0014] The present invention also discloses an intelligent hoisting method for the construction of ventilation pipes based on frozen soil roadbed, and an intelligent hoisting device for the construction of ventilation pipes based on frozen soil roadbed. The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: First, adjust the hoisting dimensions of the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism according to the inner and outer diameters of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, and pre-assemble the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism at both ends of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe; Step 2: Using the intelligent controller, the connecting members in the boom assemblies on both sides of the hanging frame are controlled to assemble with the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism respectively. The first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism are driven simultaneously by the boom assemblies to expand and clamp the inner and outer walls of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, maintaining stable contact between the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism and the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe; Step 3: The crane hook lifts the hoisting frame to the installation position, and adjusts the position of a specific surface of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe facing the ground through the rotary drive mechanism above the installation position. After the adjustment is completed, the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe is placed at the installation position.

[0015] The present invention provides an intelligent hoisting device and method for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbeds. Compared with the existing technology, it has the following advantages: 1. An intelligent lifting device and method for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen roadbeds. A first clamping mechanism and a second clamping mechanism simultaneously act on the inner and outer walls of the ventilation pipe to achieve three-dimensional clamping, effectively avoiding the problem of traditional single-point clamping that is prone to slippage. This device is particularly suitable for scenarios where pipes in frozen areas increase in brittleness due to low temperatures. In particular, the airbag is inflated and flexibly adheres to the pipe wall, avoiding damage to the pipe caused by rigid clamping and increasing friction by increasing the contact area, ensuring the stability of the pipe during the lifting process.

[0016] 2. An intelligent lifting device and method for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbeds. The device drives the driving roller to rotate through a hydraulic motor, and uses friction to drive the ventilation pipe to rotate at a low speed. Combined with a pressure sensor to monitor the contact pressure in real time, a stable connection between the driving roller and the ventilation pipe can be achieved. This not only ensures the stability of the ventilation pipe during the lifting process, but also ensures that the specific installation surface of the pipe can be accurately adjusted to face the ground according to needs before the installation position is lifted. There is no need to use other equipment to adjust the installation surface of the ventilation pipe after lifting. The intelligent controller coordinates the actions of the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic motor to realize the automation of the entire "rotation-positioning-release" process, reduce manual intervention, and improve construction accuracy and efficiency.

[0017] 3. An intelligent lifting device and method for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbeds. By sliding the slider in the slide groove of the support arm and locking the position with a limit tooth plate, the radial distance of the clamping arm assembly can be quickly adjusted to adapt to the lifting of ventilation pipes with different inner and outer diameters.

[0018] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in a decomposed state; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, the first clamping mechanism, and the second clamping mechanism in an assembled state according to the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a first cross-sectional structure of the first clamping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a second cross-sectional structure of the first clamping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B; Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping arm assembly and the support arm of the present invention in an assembled state; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part C; Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping arm assembly of the present invention in an exploded state; Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the rotary drive assembly of the present invention; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12 The enlarged structural diagram of part D in FIG.

[0020] In the figure: 1, lifting frame; 2, steel cable; 3, storage cylinder; 4, telescopic arm; 5, cross bar; 6, side plate; 7, connecting piece; 8, first clamping mechanism; 81, bearing cylinder; 82, piston; 83, first spring; 84, support arm assembly; 841, support arm; 842, slide; 843, avoidance groove; 844, scale line groove; 845, limit groove; 846, guide rod; 847, first limit tooth plate; 848, second spring; 85, clamping arm assembly; 851, slider; 852, second limit Position gear plate; 853, turntable; 854, clamping roller; 855, airbag; 856, air cavity; 857, air nozzle; 858, air pipe; 9, second clamping mechanism; 10, first hydraulic cylinder; 11, rotation drive mechanism; 111, carrier frame; 112, lifting rod; 113, wheel frame; 114, second hydraulic cylinder; 115, pressure sensor; 116, driving roller; 117, first support plate; 118, second support plate; 119, damper; 1110, limiting roller; 1111, hydraulic motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention provides three technical solutions: an intelligent lifting device for the construction of ventilation pipes based on frozen soil roadbed, specifically including the following embodiments: like Figure 1-Figure 5 The first embodiment is shown: an intelligent lifting device for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbeds, comprising a lifting frame 1 for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbeds and an intelligent controller fixedly arranged on the side wall of the lifting frame 1, and further comprising a storage cylinder 3 fixedly arranged on the front and rear side walls of the lifting frame 1, wherein telescopic arms 4 are slidably arranged on the left and right sides of each storage cylinder 3, and a cross bar 5 is fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two adjacent telescopic arms 4 on the front and rear sides, and a boom assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the cross bar 5, wherein the boom assembly comprises a side plate 6 fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cross bar 5, and a connecting piece 7 is fixedly arranged on the opposite side walls of the two side plates 6; A first clamping mechanism 8 and a second clamping mechanism 9 for simultaneously clamping the inner and outer walls of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe are respectively provided between the two connecting parts 7. After the first clamping mechanism 8 and the second clamping mechanism 9 are pre-connected to the two ends of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, the two boom assemblies are used to inflate the first clamping mechanism 8 or the second clamping mechanism 9 in the relative position to complete the simultaneous expansion and clamping of the inner and outer walls of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, and during the lifting process, the rotating drive mechanism 11 is used to press the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe or rotate a specific surface of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe toward the ground.

[0023] In this embodiment, first hydraulic cylinders 10 are fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the lifting frame 1. The driving shafts of the two first hydraulic cylinders 10 slide through the lifting frame 1 and are fixedly connected to the side walls of the cross bar 5 at adjacent positions. The four steel cables 2 at the four corners of the top of the lifting frame 1, and the top ends of the multiple steel cables 2 are connected by the same lifting ring.

[0024] like Figure 5-Figure 11 A second embodiment is shown, which differs from the first embodiment in that the first clamping mechanism 8 and the second clamping mechanism 9 have the same structure. The first clamping mechanism 8 includes a support tube 81 and a piston 82 that is sealingly slidably disposed within the support tube 81. A first spring 83 is fixedly disposed between the piston 82 and the inner wall of the support tube 81. Multiple support arm assemblies 84 are evenly fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the support tube 81. Each support arm assembly 84 has a clamping arm assembly 85 disposed within it. The two upper clamping arm assemblies 85 and the two lower clamping arm assemblies 85 are all located on the same horizontal plane. The two upper clamping arm assemblies 85 are used to expand and clamp the inner wall of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe. The two upper clamping arm assemblies 85 are at the uppermost position during hoisting. The two lower clamping arm assemblies 85 are used to expand and clamp the outer wall of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe. The two lower clamping arm assemblies 85 are used to expand and clamp the outer wall of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe. The lower clamping arm assemblies 85 are at the lowermost position during hoisting. The inner radius of the support tube 81 is compatible with the outer diameter of the connector 7.

[0025] In this embodiment, the support arm assembly 84 includes a support arm 841 fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the supporting tube 81, a slide groove 842 is provided inside the support arm 841, and an avoidance groove 843 connected to the slide groove 842 is provided on the side wall of the support arm 841, and a scale line groove 844 for marking the position of the clamping arm assembly 85 is provided on the outer wall of the support arm 841 near the avoidance groove 843, and a limiting groove 845 is also provided on the side wall of the support arm 841. The four corners of the bottom of the limiting groove 845 are fixedly provided with guide rods 846, and a first limiting tooth plate 847 is slidingly sleeved on the outer wall of the multiple guide rods 846, and a second spring 848 is slidingly sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod 846 and located between the first limiting tooth plate 847 and the limiting groove 845. The air nozzle 857 is pressed against the second limiting tooth plate 852 by the elastic force of the second spring 848. The second limiting tooth plate 852 is locked by the first limiting tooth plate 847 and cannot move in the slide groove 842. The avoidance groove 843 is used to facilitate the movement of the air pipe 858 during the movement of the slider 851.

[0026] In this embodiment, the clamping arm assembly 85 includes a slider 851 and a second limiting toothed plate 852 fixedly mounted on the top of the slider 851. A turntable 853 is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the slider 851. A clamping roller 854 is detachably mounted on the side wall of the turntable 853 via bolts. An airbag 855 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the clamping roller 854. An air cavity 856 is defined at one end of the clamping roller 854. An air nozzle 857 is fixedly mounted within the air cavity 856, communicating with the airbag 855. One end of the air nozzle 857 is sealed and rotatably connected to an air supply pipe 858. One end of the air supply pipe 858 rotatably extends through the turntable 853 and the slider 851 and is connected to a flexible air pipe. The flexible air pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the support cylinder 81, and air can always enter the airbag 855 through the flexible air pipe during the movement of the piston 82 into the support cylinder 81. The slider 851 is slidably mounted within the slide groove 842.

[0027] like Figure 12-13 A third embodiment is shown, which differs from the second embodiment in that: the rotating drive mechanism 11 includes a load-bearing frame 111 fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the lifting frame 1, and lifting rods 112 are slidably penetrated on both sides of the top of the load-bearing frame 111, and a wheel frame 113 is fixedly arranged at the bottom ends of the two lifting rods 112. A second hydraulic cylinder 114 is fixedly arranged on the top of the load-bearing frame 111 and between the two lifting rods 112. The output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 114 slides through the load-bearing frame 111 and is connected to the wheel frame 113. A pressure sensor 115 is also fixedly arranged between the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 114 and the outer wall of the wheel frame 113 for real-time detection of the pressure applied by the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 114 relative to the outer wall of the wheel frame 113.

[0028] In this embodiment, a transmission shaft is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the wheel frame 113, and a driving roller 116 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the transmission shaft, and a rubber anti-slip sleeve is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the driving roller 116. The transmission shaft is located on the outer wall between the driving roller 116 and the wheel frame 113, and a first support plate 117 and a second support plate 118 are rotatably provided on them respectively. A damper 119 is rotatably connected between the side walls of the first support plate 117 and the second support plate 118 and the outer wall of the wheel frame 113. A limiting roller 1110 is rotatably provided between the two first support plates 117 and the two second support plates 118 in relative positions. A hydraulic motor 1111 is also fixedly provided on the outer wall of the wheel frame 113, and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 1111 rotates through the wheel frame 113 and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft.

[0029] In this embodiment, the support frame 111 and the second hydraulic cylinder 114 are both controlled and operated by an intelligent controller.

[0030] The present invention also provides an intelligent hoisting method for the construction of ventilation pipes based on frozen soil roadbed, and an intelligent hoisting device for the construction of ventilation pipes based on frozen soil roadbed. The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: First, adjust the hoisting dimensions of the first clamping mechanism 8 and the second clamping mechanism 9 according to the inner and outer diameters of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, and pre-assemble the first clamping mechanism 8 and the second clamping mechanism 9 at both ends of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe; Step 2: Using the intelligent controller, the connecting members 7 in the boom assemblies on both sides of the hanging frame 1 are controlled to assemble with the first clamping mechanism 8 and the second clamping mechanism 9, respectively. The first clamping mechanism 8 and the second clamping mechanism 9 are simultaneously driven by the boom assemblies to expand and clamp the inner and outer walls of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, maintaining stable contact between the first clamping mechanism 8 and the second clamping mechanism 9 and the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe; Step 3: The crane hook lifts the hoisting frame 1 to the installation position, and adjusts the position of a specific surface of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe facing the ground through the rotary drive mechanism 11 above the installation position. After the adjustment is completed, the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe is placed at the installation position.

[0031] The specific process is as follows: first, adjust the position of the two clamping arm assemblies 85 located above according to the outer diameter of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe. When adjusting, first pull the first limit tooth plate 847 away from the support arm 841 to release the meshing connection between the first limit tooth plate 847 and the second limit tooth plate 852. At this time, the position of the slider 851 in the slide groove 842 can be pushed or pulled with reference to the scale groove 844. Since the initial position data of the clamping arm assembly 85 from the center of the bearing cylinder 81 is a known value, the position of the clamping arm assembly 85 is adjusted by sliding the slider 851. The distance between the outer wall and the center of the supporting cylinder 81 is adapted to the inner wall radius of the permafrost roadbed ventilation pipe. Similarly, the positions of the two clamping arm assemblies 85 located below can be adjusted according to the method of adjusting the two clamping arm assemblies 85 located above, so that the distance between the outer walls of the two clamping arm assemblies 85 located below and the center of the supporting cylinder 81 is adapted to the outer diameter of the permafrost roadbed ventilation pipe. Then, the lifting of the first limiting tooth plate 847 is released, so that the first limiting tooth plate 847 is engaged with the second limiting tooth plate 852 again, completing the locking of the position of the slider 851.

[0032] Next, the first clamping mechanism 8 and the second clamping mechanism 9 are placed at both ends of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe respectively, and then the two clamping arm assemblies 85 in the first clamping mechanism 8 and the second clamping mechanism 9 close to the center of the supporting tube 81 are horizontally installed into the interior of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, and the outer walls of the two clamping arm assemblies 85 are kept close to the uppermost inner wall of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe. At this time, the two clamping arm assemblies 85 located at the bottom are against the outer wall of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe.

[0033] Next, after the hook of the crane is connected to the lifting ring connected to the four steel cables 2, the two first hydraulic cylinders 10 are controlled by the intelligent controller to push the cross bars 5 on both sides away from each other, and the first clamping mechanism 8 and the second clamping mechanism 9 are controlled to be located between the two side plates 6. Then, the first hydraulic cylinder 10 is controlled by the intelligent controller to pull the two cross bars 5 toward each other, and the position of the connecting piece 7 is manually calibrated during the movement of the side plates 6 toward each other, so that the two connecting pieces 7 are respectively inserted into the supporting tube 81. After the connecting piece 7 is inserted into the supporting tube 81, the piston 82 is pushed by the connecting piece 7 and moves toward the inside of the supporting tube 81. The gas inside the supporting tube 81 is squeezed into the air bag 855 at the corresponding position through multiple air pipes 858. The air bag 855 is inflated to increase the preload force between it and the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe.

[0034] During the crane lifting process, the intelligent controller controls the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 114 to push the wheel frame 113 downward, and the two limiting rollers 1110 contact the outer wall of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe and are pushed to move upward until the outer wall of the driving roller 116 contacts the outer wall of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe and forms a certain pressure. The pressure value is fed back to the intelligent controller through the pressure sensor 115. When the pressure reaches the preset value, the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 114 stops moving downward and maintains this state. Then the intelligent controller controls the hydraulic motor 1111 to drive the driving roller 116 to rotate at a low speed. The driving roller 116 drives the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe to rotate by means of the friction between the driving roller 116 and the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe until a certain installation surface of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe rotates to a suitable position. The hydraulic motor 1111 stops working at this time. The crane can place the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe in the installation position.

[0035] Then, the intelligent controller controls the two first hydraulic cylinders 10 again to push the cross bars 5 away from each other, contacting the drive of the first clamping mechanism 8 and the second clamping mechanism 9. At this time, the gas in the airbag 855 is released, removing the pre-tightening force between the airbag and the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, and removing the first clamping mechanism 8 and the second clamping mechanism 9 from both ends of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0037] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent hoisting device for the construction of a ventilation pipe on a frozen soil roadbed, comprising a hoisting frame (1) for the construction of the ventilation pipe on a frozen soil roadbed and an intelligent controller fixedly arranged on the side wall of the hoisting frame (1), characterized in that: The invention also includes a transverse clamping assembly arranged on the hoisting frame (1), wherein the transverse clamping assembly is detachably provided with a first clamping mechanism (8) and a second clamping mechanism (9) for simultaneously clamping the inner and outer walls of both ends of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe. After the first clamping mechanism (8) and the second clamping mechanism (9) are pre-connected to both ends of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, the transverse clamping assembly is used to inflate the interior of the first clamping mechanism (8) or the second clamping mechanism (9) at the relative position, thereby completing the simultaneous expansion and contour clamping of the inner and outer walls of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe. During the hoisting process, the rotary drive mechanism (11) is used to press the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe or rotate a specific surface of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe toward the required installation direction.

2. The intelligent hoisting device for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: First hydraulic cylinders (10) are fixedly provided on both sides of the inner wall of the hoisting frame (1), and the driving shafts of the two first hydraulic cylinders (10) slide through the hoisting frame (1) and are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the crossbar (5) at adjacent positions. The top ends of the four steel cables (2) at the four corners of the top of the hoisting frame (1) are connected by the same lifting ring. The transverse clamping assembly includes a storage cylinder (3) fixedly arranged on the front and rear side walls of the hanging frame (1), and telescopic arms (4) are slidably arranged on the left and right sides of the interior of each storage cylinder (3). A cross bar (5) is fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of two adjacent front and rear telescopic arms (4), and a suspension arm assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the cross bar (5). The suspension arm assembly includes a side plate (6) fixedly arranged on the bottom of the cross bar (5), and connecting parts (7) are fixedly arranged on the opposite side walls of the two side plates (6).

3. The intelligent hoisting device for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first clamping mechanism (8) and the second clamping mechanism (9) have the same structure. The first clamping mechanism (8) includes a supporting cylinder (81) and a piston (82) sealingly and slidingly arranged inside the supporting cylinder (81). A first spring (83) is fixedly arranged between the piston (82) and the inner wall of the supporting cylinder (81). A plurality of support arm assemblies (84) are evenly and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the supporting cylinder (81), and a clamping arm assembly (85) is arranged inside each of the support arm assemblies (84).

4. The intelligent hoisting device for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbed according to claim 3 is characterized by: The support arm assembly (84) includes a support arm (841) fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the supporting tube (81), a sliding groove (842) is provided inside the support arm (841), and a bypass groove (843) connected to the sliding groove (842) is provided on the side wall of the support arm (841), a scale line groove (844) for marking the position of the clamping arm assembly (85) is provided on the outer wall of the support arm (841) near the bypass groove (843), and a limiting groove (845) is also provided on the side wall of the support arm (841), and the four corners at the bottom of the limiting groove (845) are fixedly provided with guide rods (846), and a first limiting tooth plate (847) is slidingly provided on the outer wall of the plurality of guide rods (846), and a second spring (848) is slidingly provided on the outer wall of the guide rod (846) and located between the first limiting tooth plate (847) and the limiting groove (845).

5. The intelligent hoisting device for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbed according to claim 3 is characterized by: The clamping arm assembly (85) comprises a slider (851) and a second limiting tooth plate (852) fixedly arranged on the top of the slider (851); a turntable (853) is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the slider (851); a clamping roller (854) is detachably arranged on the side wall of the turntable (853) via bolts; an air bag (855) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the clamping roller (854); an air cavity (856) is further provided at one end of the clamping roller (854); an air nozzle (857) that can communicate with the air bag (855) is fixedly arranged inside the air cavity (856); one end of the air nozzle (857) is sealed and rotatably connected to an air supply pipe (858); one end of the air supply pipe (858) rotatably passes through the turntable (853) and the slider (851) and is connected to a flexible air pipe.

6. The intelligent hoisting device for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism (11) includes a carrier frame (111) fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the hoisting frame (1), lifting rods (112) slidingly penetrate the top sides of the carrier frame (111), and a wheel frame (113) is fixedly arranged at the bottom ends of the two lifting rods (112). A second hydraulic cylinder (114) is fixedly arranged at the top of the carrier frame (111) and between the two lifting rods (112), and the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder (114) slides through the carrier frame (111) and is connected to the wheel frame (113). A pressure sensor (115) is also fixedly arranged between the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder (114) and the outer wall of the wheel frame (113) for real-time detection of the pressure applied by the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder (114) relative to the outer wall of the wheel frame (113).

7. The intelligent hoisting device for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbed according to claim 6, characterized in that: A transmission shaft is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the wheel frame (113); a driving roller (116) is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the transmission shaft; a rubber anti-slip sleeve is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the driving roller (116); a first support plate (117) and a second support plate (118) are rotatably provided on the outer wall of the transmission shaft located between the driving roller (116) and the wheel frame (113); a damper (119) is rotatably connected between the side walls of the first support plate (117) and the second support plate (118) and the outer wall of the wheel frame (113); a limiting roller (1110) is rotatably provided between the two first support plates (117) and the two second support plates (118) at relative positions; a hydraulic motor (1111) is also fixedly provided on the outer wall of the wheel frame (113); an output shaft of the hydraulic motor (1111) rotatably passes through the wheel frame (113) and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft.

8. The intelligent hoisting device for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbed according to claim 7, characterized in that: The carrier (111) and the second hydraulic cylinder (114) are both controlled and operated by an intelligent controller.

9. An intelligent hoisting method for the construction of ventilation pipes on frozen soil roadbed, characterized by: The method for the intelligent hoisting device for the construction of ventilation pipes based on frozen soil roadbed according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: Step 1: first, adjusting the hoisting dimensions of the first clamping mechanism (8) and the second clamping mechanism (9) according to the inner and outer diameters of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, and pre-assembling the first clamping mechanism (8) and the second clamping mechanism (9) at both ends of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe; Step 2: Using an intelligent controller, the connecting members (7) in the boom assemblies on both sides of the hoisting frame (1) are controlled to be assembled with the first clamping mechanism (8) and the second clamping mechanism (9), respectively. The first clamping mechanism (8) and the second clamping mechanism (9) are simultaneously driven by the boom assemblies to expand and clamp the inner and outer walls of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe, thereby maintaining stable contact between the first clamping mechanism (8) and the second clamping mechanism (9) and the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe; Step 3: The crane hook lifts the hoisting frame (1) to the installation position, and adjusts the position of a specific surface of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe toward the ground above the installation position through the rotary drive mechanism (11). After the adjustment is completed, the frozen soil roadbed ventilation pipe is placed at the installation position.

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