High-flame-retardant PVC composite material for coating PU and preparation method of high-flame-retardant PVC composite material
The highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coated PU prepared through specific ingredients and processes solves the problems of flammability, corrosion and wear resistance of PVC materials, achieves excellent flame retardancy, corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and is suitable for air pipe materials used in electric welding operations.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511014623.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing PVC materials are easy to burn under high temperature or open flame conditions, producing black toxic smoke, and have insufficient corrosion resistance and wear resistance, making it difficult to meet the performance requirements of air pipe materials used in electric welding machine operations.
Using polyvinyl chloride and chlorinated polyvinyl chloride as the matrix resin, combined with magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, antimony trioxide, modified activated carbon and nano-lanthanum oxide and other ingredients, high flame retardant PVC composite materials for coated PU are prepared through specific proportions and processes, forming multiple flame retardant mechanisms and surface protective films, thereby improving the flame retardancy, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the material.
The excellent flame retardancy, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of PVC composite materials are achieved, the combustion temperature and smoke generation are significantly reduced, and the chemical stability and processing performance of the material are improved.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of polymer materials, and specifically relates to a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for PU coating and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] With the continuous advancement of modern welding technology and industrial automation, electric welding machines are widely used in various fields, including manufacturing and construction. As a key component of electric welding machines, gas pipes play a key role in transporting gas during the welding process. Therefore, the material used for gas pipes must not only have good flexibility and mechanical strength, but also maintain excellent flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance in high temperatures and complex gas environments.
[0003] Currently, most gas pipes used in welding operations are constructed with an inner layer of PU material and an outer layer of PVC material. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is widely used in the manufacture of soft piping materials such as gas pipes due to its low cost, excellent processing properties, and certain flexibility. However, conventional PVC materials are prone to burning under high temperature or open flame conditions, accompanied by the release of large amounts of black toxic smoke, posing a significant safety hazard. Furthermore, PVC materials have weak resistance to acidic and alkaline media and oily environments during long-term use, making them prone to chemical corrosion, which can lead to material performance degradation and shorten their service life.
[0004] To improve the overall performance of PVC materials, existing technologies typically modify them by adding flame retardants, plasticizers, and other functional additives. However, existing flame retardants often require high addition levels to achieve a certain flame retardant effect. This not only increases material costs but can also adversely affect the material's mechanical properties, such as reducing its flexibility and tensile strength. Furthermore, these traditional flame retardant systems struggle to effectively suppress the black, toxic smoke produced during combustion in practical applications.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a PVC composite material with excellent flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effect, which can overcome the defects in the existing technology and meet the performance requirements of the industrial field for air pipe materials for electric welding machine operations. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of this, the present application provides a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for PU coating and a preparation method thereof. The PVC composite material provided in the present application has excellent flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effect.
[0007] In the first aspect, the present application provides a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coated PU, the raw materials of which are composed, by weight: 40 to 60 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 40 to 60 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, 60 to 80 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 3 to 8 parts of stabilizer, 30 to 50 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 4 to 8 parts of zinc borate, 4 to 8 parts of antimony trioxide, 0.5 to 1 part of lubricant, 5 to 10 parts of modified activated carbon, and 0.5 to 2 parts of nano-lanthanum oxide.
[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, this application uses specific raw materials to achieve excellent flame retardancy, smoke suppression, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance in PVC composite materials. This application uses polyvinyl chloride and chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) as the matrix resin, which not only provides good processing performance and mechanical strength, but also enhances the material's heat aging resistance and flame retardancy due to the chlorine element introduced into CPVC. Dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) is used as a plasticizer to improve flexibility while ensuring good fluidity, facilitating subsequent extrusion molding.
[0009] In this application, magnesium hydroxide is the primary halogen-free, environmentally friendly flame retardant. When thermally decomposed, it absorbs heat and releases water vapor, effectively lowering the combustion temperature, diluting the toxic smoke produced, and inhibiting the spread of flames, thereby reducing smoke generation. Zinc borate and magnesium hydroxide work synergistically to further promote the formation of a char layer, enhancing the barrier effect at the combustion interface. Antimony trioxide combines with chlorine-containing components (such as CPVC) to capture free radicals in the gas phase, enhancing flame retardancy. These three flame retardant systems work together to give the material excellent flame retardancy.
[0010] The modified activated carbon of this application can release metal oxides (such as CuO) at high temperatures, further catalyzing carbonization and enhancing the flame retardant effect. In combination with the use of nano-lanthanum oxide, it can significantly improve the material's antioxidant capacity and thermal stability, while synergistically enhancing flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties. Nano-lanthanum oxide can form a dense protective film on the surface of the material, further enhancing its chemical stability, and working together with modified activated carbon to improve the material's corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
[0011] Optionally, the raw material composition includes, by weight: 50 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 50 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, 70 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 5 parts of stabilizer, 40 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 6 parts of zinc borate, 6 parts of antimony trioxide, 0.8 parts of lubricant, 8 parts of modified activated carbon, and 1 part of nano lanthanum oxide.
[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the present application can further improve the flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effect of the composite material by controlling the raw material composition of the composite material.
[0013] Optionally, the stabilizer includes at least one of bisphenol A phosphite, dibutyltin dilaurate, and methyltin mercaptan.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the stabilizer of the present application can play a key role in thermal stabilization and antioxidant, and can effectively inhibit the chain degradation reaction of PVC resin caused by dehydrochlorination (HCl) during high-temperature processing, thereby preventing the material from discoloring, embrittlement or degradation of mechanical properties.
[0015] Optionally, the weight ratio of the magnesium hydroxide, the zinc borate and the antimony trioxide is 6-8:1-2:1-2.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the specific weight ratio of magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, and antimony trioxide in the flame retardant system of this application enables the synergistic effect of multiple flame retardant mechanisms, significantly improving the material's flame retardancy, reducing smoke density, and enhancing smoke suppression. The addition of zinc borate and antimony trioxide also enhances the material's antioxidant capacity and resistance to chemical corrosion to a certain extent. This weight ratio not only achieves excellent flame retardancy and low smoke emission, but also takes into account good corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
[0017] Optionally, the lubricant includes at least one of pentaerythritol stearate, oxidized polyethylene wax, and silicone oil.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the lubricant of this application can improve processing fluidity and reduce internal and external friction, thereby enhancing the processing performance and surface finish of the material during the extrusion molding process. This not only helps to improve production efficiency, but also optimizes its surface quality and long-term stability without sacrificing the mechanical properties of the material.
[0019] Optionally, the average particle size of the modified activated carbon is 75 μm to 150 μm.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the present application controls the average particle size of the modified activated carbon, which helps it to be evenly distributed in the matrix resin and give full play to its adsorption and catalytic carbonization functions, thereby effectively suppressing the release of combustible gases during combustion and reducing smoke generation. At the same time, the metal oxides loaded on the surface of the modified activated carbon of this particle size can synergistically enhance the thermal stability and flame retardant efficiency of the material, further improving its flame retardancy. In addition, this particle size range can also effectively fill the microporous structure in the PVC matrix, increase the material density and surface hardness, thereby improving its wear resistance; and the presence of metal oxides also enhances the chemical stability of the material in acidic and alkaline environments, improving its overall corrosion resistance.
[0021] Optionally, the weight ratio of the modified activated carbon to the nano-lanthanum oxide is 6 to 12:1.
[0022] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the present application controls the weight ratio of modified activated carbon to nano-lanthanum oxide, effectively reducing smoke generation during combustion, lowering toxic gas emissions, and significantly improving the material's flame retardancy. Furthermore, the modified activated carbon and nano-lanthanum oxide work together to form a double-layer protective film on the material's surface, which not only increases the material's density and hardness, but also maintains a good surface smoothness, improving the material's corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coating PU, comprising the following steps: Step S1, preliminarily mixing the magnesium hydroxide, the zinc borate, and the antimony trioxide, then adding the polyvinyl chloride resin, the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, the modified activated carbon, and the nano-lanthanum oxide, and mixing at a stirring speed of 400 rpm to 600 rpm for 5 min to 10 min at a temperature of 60° C. to 80° C. to prepare a premix; Step S2, adding the dioctyl terephthalate, the stabilizer, and the lubricant to the premix, mixing at a stirring speed of 800 rpm to 1200 rpm for 5 min to 10 min at a temperature of 80° C. to 100° C. to obtain a mixture; Step S3: feeding the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for melt blending at a temperature of 140° C. to 180° C. and a screw speed of 100 rpm to 300 rpm, extruding, cooling, pulling, and cutting to obtain a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for PU coating.
[0024] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the preparation method provided in this application ensures that each component is evenly dispersed in the matrix resin through staged mixing and control of process parameters, and fully exerts their synergistic effect, thereby obtaining a composite material with excellent flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effects.
[0025] Optionally, the preparation method of the modified activated carbon is: Step 1: Soaking the activated carbon in a copper nitrate solution and leaving it to stand at room temperature for 6 to 24 hours; the solid-liquid ratio of the activated carbon to the copper nitrate solution is 1:(10 to 20), and the concentration of the copper nitrate solution is 0.5 mol / L; Step 2: Take out the soaked activated carbon and dry it; Step 3: Place the dried activated carbon in a muffle furnace and calcine it at a temperature of 400°C to 600°C at a rate of 5°C / min to 10°C / min in an air atmosphere for 2h to 4h. Step 4: naturally cooling the calcined activated carbon to room temperature in a muffle furnace, and sieving to obtain the modified activated carbon.
[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the preparation method of the modified activated carbon of the present application, step one can ensure that the metal salt fully penetrates into the micropores and mesoporous structure of the activated carbon, achieve a higher loading efficiency, and lay the foundation for the formation of highly dispersed CuO nanoparticles during the subsequent calcination process. The calcination in step three can effectively ensure the generation of CuO and enhance its binding force with the activated carbon matrix to prevent it from falling off during subsequent processing or use. In addition, the natural cooling method after calcination helps to reduce the damage to the material structure caused by thermal stress and maintain the original porous structure and high specific surface area characteristics of the activated carbon.
[0027] The CuO nanoparticles in the modified activated carbon produced in this application promote the formation of a carbon layer during combustion, isolating heat and oxygen transfer while also adsorbing harmful gases and fine particles, significantly reducing smoke production and helping to improve the material's flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties. The modified activated carbon forms a surface protective film to resist corrosion from acidic and alkaline media, increasing the material's density and, consequently, its corrosion and wear resistance.
[0028] Optionally, in step 2, the drying treatment includes: naturally drying the activated carbon at room temperature for 4 hours to 8 hours, and then placing it in an oven and drying it at 80° C. to 120° C. for 8 hours to 12 hours.
[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, this application adopts a two-stage drying process. The natural air-drying stage at room temperature can effectively remove the free water adsorbed on the surface of the activated carbon and the volatile liquid in some pores, reducing the energy consumption in the subsequent heating and drying process, and avoiding the particle explosion or structural damage caused by the sudden evaporation of water. The oven drying stage further removes the deep water and some organic impurities remaining in the microporous structure, ensuring that the material reaches a high degree of dryness before entering the high-temperature calcination process, thereby ensuring that it can generate highly dispersed CuO nanoparticles as expected during the subsequent calcination process.
[0030] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The PVC composite material provided in this application has excellent flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effects.
[0031] 2. The modified activated carbon and nano-lanthanum oxide described in this application work together to synergistically enhance the material's flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties. They also form a double-layer protective film on the material's surface, increasing its density and hardness, thereby improving its corrosion and wear resistance.
[0032] 3. The preparation method provided in this application ensures that each component is evenly dispersed in the matrix resin through staged mixing and control of process parameters, and fully exerts their synergistic effect, thereby obtaining a composite material with excellent flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.
[0034] The inventors of this application found in their research on highly flame-retardant PVC materials that the existing PVC materials are flammable and release black toxic smoke. In addition, their corrosion resistance and wear resistance cannot meet the performance requirements of industrial fields for air pipe materials used in welding machine operations.
[0035] In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coated PU, the raw materials of which include, by weight: 40-60 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 40-60 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, 60-80 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 3-8 parts of stabilizer, 30-50 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 4-8 parts of zinc borate, 4-8 parts of antimony trioxide, 0.5-1 part of lubricant, 5-10 parts of modified activated carbon, and 0.5-2 parts of nano-lanthanum oxide.
[0036] The present application also proposes a method for preparing the above-mentioned highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coating PU, comprising the following steps: Step S1, preliminarily mixing magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, and antimony trioxide, then adding polyvinyl chloride resin, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, modified activated carbon, and nano-lanthanum oxide, and mixing at a stirring speed of 400 rpm to 600 rpm for 5 minutes to 10 minutes at a temperature of 60° C. to 80° C. to prepare a premix; Step S2: adding dioctyl terephthalate, a stabilizer, and a lubricant to the premix, and mixing at a stirring speed of 800 rpm to 1200 rpm for 5 min to 10 min at a temperature of 80° C. to 100° C. to obtain a mixture; Step S3: feeding the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for melt blending at a temperature of 140° C. to 180° C. and a screw speed of 100 rpm to 300 rpm, extruding, cooling, pulling, and cutting to obtain a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for PU coating.
[0037] The scheme of the present application is described below with reference to the following specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the following examples are all from common commercial products, and the devices or equipment used are all purchased from conventional market sales channels. Specific Examples The preparation method of the modified activated carbon used in Examples 1 to 3 is: Step 1: Soak the activated carbon in copper nitrate solution and let it stand at room temperature for 15 hours; the solid-liquid ratio of the activated carbon to the copper nitrate solution is 1:10, and the concentration of the copper nitrate solution is 0.5 mol / L; Step 2: Take out the soaked activated carbon, dry it naturally at room temperature for 6 hours, and then place it in an oven and dry it at 100°C for 10 hours; Step 3: Place the dried activated carbon in a muffle furnace and calcine it at 400°C at a rate of 5°C / min in an air atmosphere for 4 hours. Step 4: The calcined activated carbon is naturally cooled to room temperature in a muffle furnace and sieved to obtain modified activated carbon.
[0038] Examples 1 to 3 Example 1 This embodiment provides a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for PU coating, wherein the raw materials thereof comprise, by weight, 60 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 40 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, 80 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 8 parts of stabilizer, 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 4 parts of zinc borate, 4 parts of antimony trioxide, 0.5 parts of lubricant, 10 parts of modified activated carbon, and 2 parts of nano-lanthanum oxide; The polyvinyl chloride resin is PVC-1300; the chlorine content of the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin is 70%; the stabilizer is bisphenol A phosphite; the lubricant is pentaerythritol stearate; the average particle size of the modified activated carbon is 75 μm; and the average particle size of the nano-lanthanum oxide is 50 nm. The preparation method comprises the following steps: Step S1, preliminarily mixing magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate and antimony trioxide, then adding polyvinyl chloride resin, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, modified activated carbon and nano-lanthanum oxide, and mixing at a stirring speed of 400 rpm for 10 minutes at a temperature of 80° C. to prepare a premix; Step S2: adding dioctyl terephthalate, a stabilizer, and a lubricant to the premix, and mixing at a stirring speed of 800 rpm for 10 minutes at a temperature of 100° C. to obtain a mixture; Step S3: feeding the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for melt blending, with the feeding section temperature being 145°C, the compression section temperature being 165°C, the metering section temperature being 180°C, and the screw speed being 100 rpm, extrusion molding, cooling, pulling, and cutting to obtain a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coated PU.
[0039] Example 2 This embodiment provides a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for PU coating, wherein the raw materials thereof comprise, by weight, 50 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 50 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, 70 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 5 parts of stabilizer, 40 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 6 parts of zinc borate, 6 parts of antimony trioxide, 0.8 parts of lubricant, 8 parts of modified activated carbon, and 1 part of nano-lanthanum oxide; The polyvinyl chloride resin is PVC-1300; the chlorine content of the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin is 70%; the stabilizer is bisphenol A phosphite; the lubricant is pentaerythritol stearate; the average particle size of the modified activated carbon is 75 μm; and the average particle size of the nano-lanthanum oxide is 50 nm. The preparation method comprises the following steps: Step S1: preliminarily mixing magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, and antimony trioxide, then adding polyvinyl chloride resin, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, modified activated carbon, and nano-lanthanum oxide, and mixing at a stirring speed of 500 rpm for 8 minutes at a temperature of 70° C. to prepare a premix; Step S2: adding dioctyl terephthalate, a stabilizer, and a lubricant to the premix, and mixing at a stirring speed of 1000 rpm for 8 minutes at a temperature of 90° C. to obtain a mixture; Step S3: feeding the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for melt blending, with the feeding section temperature being 145°C, the compression section temperature being 165°C, the metering section temperature being 180°C, and the screw speed being 200 rpm, extrusion molding, cooling, pulling, and cutting to obtain a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coated PU.
[0040] Example 3 This embodiment provides a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for PU coating, wherein the raw materials thereof comprise, by weight: 40 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 60 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, 60 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 3 parts of stabilizer, 50 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 8 parts of zinc borate, 8 parts of antimony trioxide, 1 part of lubricant, 5 parts of modified activated carbon, and 0.5 parts of nano-lanthanum oxide; The polyvinyl chloride resin is PVC-1300; the chlorine content of the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin is 70%; the stabilizer is bisphenol A phosphite; the lubricant is pentaerythritol stearate; the average particle size of the modified activated carbon is 75 μm; and the average particle size of the nano-lanthanum oxide is 50 nm. The preparation method comprises the following steps: Step S1: preliminarily mixing magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, and antimony trioxide, then adding polyvinyl chloride resin, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, modified activated carbon, and nano-lanthanum oxide, and mixing at a stirring speed of 600 rpm for 5 minutes at a temperature of 60° C. to prepare a premix; Step S2: adding dioctyl terephthalate, a stabilizer, and a lubricant to the premix, and mixing at a stirring speed of 1200 rpm for 5 minutes at a temperature of 80° C. to obtain a mixture; Step S3: feeding the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for melt blending, with the feeding section temperature being 145°C, the compression section temperature being 165°C, the metering section temperature being 180°C, and the screw speed being 300 rpm, extrusion molding, cooling, pulling, and cutting to obtain a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coated PU.
[0041] Comparative Examples 1-2 Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 is that no modified activated carbon is added in Comparative Example 1.
[0042] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 is that no nano-lanthanum oxide is added in Comparative Example 2.
[0043] Experimental testing Test items and test methods Flame retardancy: The oxygen index (LOI) of the prepared composite material is tested according to ASTM D 2863. The higher the oxygen index, the better the flame retardancy of the material.
[0044] Corrosion resistance: According to GB / T 11547-2008: Determination of resistance of plastics to liquid chemical reagents, the prepared composite materials were tested for chemical resistance. The reagents used were 40% by mass nitric acid and 10% by mass ammonium hydroxide. The immersion temperature was 70°C and the immersion time was 96 hours. The changes in the appearance of the samples were observed. The levels of appearance changes are: no change, insignificant change, slight change, moderate change, and severe change.
[0045] Wear resistance: The wear resistance of the prepared composite material was tested according to ASTM D4060-14. The number of wear cycles was 1000 at room temperature and a relative humidity of 50%. The presence of obvious scratches or peeling on the surface of the sample was observed and recorded.
[0046] Smoke suppression effect: Conduct a vertical combustion test according to UL 94, ignite the sample and observe and record the smoke production during the combustion process.
[0047] The highly flame-retardant PVC composite materials for coating PU prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were tested for flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effects. The test results are shown in Table 1.
[0048] Table 1 From the test results in Table 1, it can be seen that the PVC composite materials prepared in Examples 1 to 3 have a high oxygen index, a small reduction rate of the oxygen index after the salt spray test, and perform well in the wear resistance test and the smoke suppression test, indicating that the composite materials have excellent flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effects.
[0049] In Comparative Example 1, no modified activated carbon was added, and the oxygen index of the composite material obtained was significantly reduced. The oxygen index reduction rate increased after the salt spray test, scratches appeared in the wear resistance test, and black toxic smoke was produced, indicating that the flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effects of the composite material were all reduced.
[0050] In Comparative Example 2, nano-lanthanum oxide was not added, and the flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effect of the composite material obtained all showed varying degrees of decline.
[0051] Examples 4 to 14 Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 2 is that in Example 4, the stabilizer is methyltin mercaptan.
[0052] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 2 is that in Example 5, the total weight of magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate and antimony trioxide is 52 parts, and the weight ratio of magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate and antimony trioxide is 8:1:1.
[0053] Example 6 The difference between Example 6 and Example 2 is that in Example 6, the lubricant is oxidized polyethylene wax.
[0054] Example 7 The difference between Example 7 and Example 2 is that in Example 7, the average particle size of the modified activated carbon is 110 μm.
[0055] Example 8 The difference between Example 8 and Example 2 is that in Example 8, the average particle size of the modified activated carbon is 150 μm.
[0056] Example 9 The difference between Example 9 and Example 2 is that in Example 9, the total weight of the modified activated carbon and the nano-lanthanum oxide is 9 parts, and the weight ratio of the modified activated carbon to the nano-lanthanum oxide is 6:1.
[0057] Example 10 The difference between Example 10 and Example 2 is that in Example 10, the total weight of the modified activated carbon and the nano-lanthanum oxide is 9 parts, and the weight ratio of the modified activated carbon to the nano-lanthanum oxide is 12:1.
[0058] Example 11 The difference between Example 11 and Example 7 is that in Example 11, when preparing the modified activated carbon, the solid-liquid ratio of the activated carbon and the copper nitrate solution is 1:15.
[0059] Example 12 The difference between Example 12 and Example 7 is that in Example 12, when preparing the modified activated carbon, the solid-liquid ratio of the activated carbon and the copper nitrate solution is 1:20.
[0060] Example 13 The difference between Example 13 and Example 11 is that in Example 13, when preparing the modified activated carbon, in step three, the activated carbon is heated to 500° C. at a rate of 8° C. / min and calcined for 3 h.
[0061] Example 14 The difference between Example 14 and Example 11 is that in Example 14, when preparing the modified activated carbon, in step three, the activated carbon is heated to 600° C. at a rate of 10° C. / min and calcined for 2 h.
[0062] The highly flame-retardant coated PU and PVC composite materials prepared in Examples 4 to 14 were tested for flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effects. The test results are shown in Table 2.
[0063] Table 2 From the test results in Table 2, it can be seen that the difference between Example 4 and Example 6 and Example 2 is that different stabilizers and lubricants are selected, and the prepared composite materials have excellent flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effects.
[0064] The difference between Example 5 and Example 2 is that the weight ratios of magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate and antimony trioxide are different, and the composite material prepared in Example 2 has better flame retardancy.
[0065] The difference between Example 7 and Example 8 and Example 2 is that the average particle size of the modified activated carbon is different. Among them, the composite material prepared in Example 7 is the best in terms of flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effect.
[0066] The difference between Example 9 and Example 10 and Example 2 is that the weight ratios of modified activated carbon and nano-lanthanum oxide are different. Among them, the composite material prepared in Example 2 has better flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effects.
[0067] The difference between Example 11 and Example 12 and Example 7 is that when preparing the modified activated carbon, the solid-liquid ratio of the activated carbon and the copper nitrate solution is different. Among them, the composite material prepared in Example 11 has the best flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effect.
[0068] The difference between Example 13, Example 14 and Example 11 is that the calcination parameters are different when preparing the modified activated carbon. Among them, the composite material prepared in Example 13 is the best in terms of flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and smoke suppression effect.
[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. A highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coating PU, characterized in that: The raw material composition includes, by weight, 40-60 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 40-60 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, 60-80 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 3-8 parts of stabilizer, 30-50 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 4-8 parts of zinc borate, 4-8 parts of antimony trioxide, 0.5-1 part of lubricant, 5-10 parts of modified activated carbon, and 0.5-2 parts of nano-lanthanum oxide.
2. The highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coating PU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials include: 50 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 50 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, 70 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, parts, 5 parts of stabilizer, 40 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 6 parts of zinc borate, 6 parts of antimony trioxide, 0.8 parts of lubricant, 8 parts of modified activated carbon, and 1 part of nano lanthanum oxide.
3. The highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coating PU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer includes at least one of bisphenol A phosphite, dibutyltin dilaurate, and methyltin mercaptan.
4. The highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coating PU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the magnesium hydroxide, the zinc borate and the antimony trioxide is 6-8:1-2:1-2.
5. The highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coating PU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant includes at least one of pentaerythritol stearate, oxidized polyethylene wax, and silicone oil.
6. The highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coating PU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The average particle size of the modified activated carbon is 75 μm to 150 μm.
7. The highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coating PU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the modified activated carbon to the nano lanthanum oxide is 6 to 12:
1.
8. A method for preparing a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for coating PU according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, preliminarily mixing the magnesium hydroxide, the zinc borate, and the antimony trioxide, then adding the polyvinyl chloride resin, the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin, the modified activated carbon, and the nano-lanthanum oxide, and mixing at a stirring speed of 400 rpm to 600 rpm for 5 min to 10 min at a temperature of 60° C. to 80° C. to prepare a premix; Step S2, adding the dioctyl terephthalate, the stabilizer, and the lubricant to the premix, mixing at a stirring speed of 800 rpm to 1200 rpm for 5 min to 10 min at a temperature of 80° C. to 100° C. to obtain a mixture; Step S3: feeding the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for melt blending at a temperature of 140° C. to 180° C. and a screw speed of 100 rpm to 300 rpm, extruding, cooling, pulling, and cutting to obtain a highly flame-retardant PVC composite material for PU coating.
9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that The preparation method of the modified activated carbon is: Step 1: Soaking the activated carbon in a copper nitrate solution and leaving it to stand at room temperature for 6 to 24 hours; the solid-liquid ratio of the activated carbon to the copper nitrate solution is 1:(10 to 20), and the concentration of the copper nitrate solution is 0.5 mol / L; Step 2: Take out the soaked activated carbon and dry it; Step 3: Place the dried activated carbon in a muffle furnace and calcine it at a temperature of 400°C to 600°C at a rate of 5°C / min to 10°C / min in an air atmosphere for 2h to 4h. Step 4: naturally cooling the calcined activated carbon to room temperature in a muffle furnace, and sieving to obtain the modified activated carbon.
10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that In the step 2, the drying process includes: The activated carbon is naturally dried at room temperature for 4 to 8 hours, and then placed in an oven and dried at 80° C. to 120° C. for 8 to 12 hours.