Detection method of conical electric pole burial depth detection system

Abstract

The invention relates to a detection method of a conical electric pole burial depth detection system, and belongs to the field of electrical equipment detection.The detection system comprises an accelerator sensor fixedly arranged at the top end of a conical electric pole through a magnetic base, and a pressure sensor is electrically connected with a high-speed data acquisition instrument through a signal transmission wire; and the high-speed data acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the microcomputer. According to the detection method, destructive operation such as drilling and pile pulling does not need to be carried out on the conical electric pole, damage to the electric pole structure and the surrounding environment due to detection is avoided, the integrity and stability of the electric pole are kept, the service life of the electric pole is prolonged, and the maintenance cost and the safety risk are reduced. The detection process mainly depends on force hammer knocking, sensor signal receiving, data acquisition and computer processing, and complex large-scale equipment and a large amount of manpower cooperation are not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power equipment detection, and in particular to a detection method for a cone-type pole burial depth detection system. Background Art

[0002] In the power system, conical poles are key infrastructure supporting transmission lines. Whether their burial depth meets the standards is directly related to the stability of the poles and the safety of the entire power system.

[0003] In some areas, due to harsh operating environments, frequent natural disasters, and severe external damage, coupled with the age of some old towers and low construction standards, problems such as insufficient buried depth and loose compaction of poles are prominent. In severe weather conditions such as strong winds and icing, poles are prone to falling, seriously affecting the stability of the distribution network. Therefore, accurately measuring the buried depth of poles is crucial.

[0004] However, existing burial depth measurement technologies have numerous drawbacks. For example, there are two common methods for measuring depth: one involves inserting a measuring tape into the ground. This method can break easily when encountering rock or hard soil, making measurement difficult. The other involves using a pile extraction device to remove the pole and then measuring the depth with a tape measure. This method is extremely inefficient, unsuitable for large-scale surveys, and can damage the integrity of roadbeds and slopes, consuming considerable time and effort. Underground peepscopes require drilling a hole and inserting the peepscope into the ground for inspection. This is not only bulky and leads to large measurement errors, but also requires the collaboration of multiple people, resulting in low efficiency. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) uses one antenna to transmit high-frequency, broadband electromagnetic waves and another antenna to receive reflected waves from the underground medium. Based on the changes in the path, field intensity, and waveform of the electromagnetic waves as they propagate through the medium, the instrument infers the shape, size, and depth of the geological body. However, this method suffers from poor accuracy, expensive equipment, and high user experience required for existing data analysis software. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a non-destructive, easy-to-use, and highly accurate detection device to meet practical needs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a detection method for a cone-shaped pole buried depth detection system to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows: The present invention provides a detection method for a conical pole burial depth detection system. The detection system includes an accelerometer sensor fixedly mounted on the top of the conical pole via a magnetic base. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to a high-speed data acquisition device via a signal transmission wire. The high-speed data acquisition device is electrically connected to a microcomputer. The detection method comprises the following steps: S1, using a hammer to hit the top of the conical pole to generate an excitation signal that propagates downward along the conical pole in the form of an elastic wave; S2, piezoelectric acceleration sensor is used to receive the excitation signal and the reflected signal reflected from the bottom; S3, the piezoelectric acceleration sensor converts the received signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the high-speed data acquisition instrument through a wire; S4, the high-speed data acquisition instrument converts the electrical signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the microcomputer; S5, the microcomputer processes the digital signal to obtain the deep burial of the conical pole.

[0007] Furthermore, the microcomputer calculates the burial depth by the following operations: Where C is the propagation velocity of the elastic wave, T is the propagation time of the elastic wave of longitudinal excitation, L2 is the above-ground length of the tapered pole, L0 is the buried depth of the tapered pole, and L1 is the total length of the tapered pole.

[0008] Furthermore, the microcomputer calculates the burial depth by the following operations: Where C is the propagation velocity of the elastic wave, T is the propagation time of the elastic wave of longitudinal excitation, f is the propagation frequency of the elastic wave, f = 1 / T, L2 is the above-ground length of the tapered pole, L0 is the buried depth of the tapered pole, and L1 is the total length of the tapered pole.

[0009] Furthermore, the natural frequency of the accelerometer sensor satisfies: Where k is the combined stiffness coefficient of the spring plate, sensitive element, and base, and m is the mass of the inertial mass block.

[0010] Furthermore, the piezoelectric acceleration sensors are symmetrically arranged in two groups at the top of the conical pole, and their axes are parallel to the central axis of the pole; The distance between the piezoelectric acceleration sensors on both sides is ≥10cm.

[0011] Furthermore, the striking point of the force hammer is located at the center of the top of the pole, and the striking direction is perpendicular to the top surface of the pole.

[0012] Furthermore, the propagation time T is the time interval between any two adjacent peaks of the vibration waveform detected by the piezoelectric acceleration sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, the time difference of the signals collected by the dual sensors is used for cross-validation. If the deviation of the time difference between the two signals exceeds 5%, it is necessary to check the consistency of the sensor installation or re-collect the data.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: In this invention, the detection method eliminates the need for destructive operations such as drilling and piling on conical poles, thus avoiding damage to the pole structure and surrounding environment. This maintains the integrity and stability of the pole, extends its service life, and reduces maintenance costs and safety risks. The detection process primarily relies on hammer strikes, sensor signal reception, data acquisition, and computer processing, eliminating the need for complex, large-scale equipment and extensive human collaboration. Inspectors simply follow the steps to quickly complete the inspection, significantly improving efficiency. This method is particularly suitable for large-scale pole depth surveys. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the detection system structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the reflected signal and the excitation signal of the present invention; Figure 3 Flow chart of the detection method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "back" and other terms indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "connector" should be interpreted broadly. For example, these terms may refer to fixed, removable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] The following will refer to the attached Figures 1 to 3 The present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0020] In general, the present invention provides a detection method for a conical pole burial depth detection system. The detection system includes an accelerometer sensor fixed to the top of the conical pole by a magnetic base, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to a high-speed data acquisition device via a signal transmission wire, and the high-speed data acquisition device is electrically connected to a microcomputer; The detection method comprises the following steps: S1, using a hammer to hit the top of the conical pole to generate an excitation signal that propagates downward along the conical pole in the form of an elastic wave; S2, piezoelectric acceleration sensor is used to receive the excitation signal and the reflected signal reflected from the bottom; S3, the piezoelectric acceleration sensor converts the received signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the high-speed data acquisition instrument through a wire; S4, the high-speed data acquisition instrument converts the electrical signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the microcomputer; S5, the microcomputer processes the digital signal to obtain the deep burial of the conical pole.

[0021] In this embodiment, this inspection method eliminates the need for destructive operations such as drilling or piling on conical poles, thus avoiding damage to the pole structure and surrounding environment. This method maintains the integrity and stability of the pole, extends its service life, and reduces maintenance costs and safety risks. The inspection process primarily relies on hammer strikes, sensor signal reception, data acquisition, and computer processing, eliminating the need for complex, large-scale equipment and extensive human collaboration. Inspectors simply follow the steps to quickly complete the inspection, significantly improving efficiency. This method is particularly suitable for large-scale pole depth surveys.

[0022] Piezoelectric accelerometers accurately receive excitation and reflection signals and convert them into electrical signals. High-speed data acquisition devices quickly and accurately convert these signals into digital signals. Microcomputers process these digital signals using advanced algorithms, effectively reducing measurement errors and providing accurate cone-pole depth data, providing a reliable basis for power system safety assessments and decision-making.

[0023] Compared with expensive detection equipment such as ground penetrating radar detectors, the piezoelectric accelerometers, high-speed data acquisition instruments, and microcomputers used in this detection system are relatively low in cost and simple to maintain, thus reducing the detection cost.

[0024] The piezoelectric accelerometer is securely mounted on the top of the tapered pole using a magnetic base. Ensure the base is in full contact with the pole surface and firmly attached to it to prevent the sensor from shifting when the hammer strikes and vibrations occur, which could affect the accuracy of the signal received.

[0025] It should be noted that when the excitation signal propagates to the bottom of the pole, a reflected signal will be generated due to the change of the medium (from the pole material to the underground soil, etc.).

[0026] Among them, as a preferred method, the microcomputer calculates the burial depth by the following operation: Where C is the propagation velocity of the elastic wave, T is the propagation time of the elastic wave of longitudinal excitation, L2 is the above-ground length of the tapered pole, L0 is the buried depth of the tapered pole, and L1 is the total length of the tapered pole.

[0027] The propagation speed of elastic waves in a pole is a key parameter that depends on the pole's material. For common tapered pole materials (such as reinforced concrete and wood), this can be determined by consulting relevant literature or conducting preliminary experimental measurements.

[0028] Use professional measuring tools (such as a laser rangefinder or steel tape measure) to accurately measure the length of the tapered pole above ground. During the measurement process, ensure the measuring tool is perpendicular to the pole to avoid inaccurate results due to angle deviation. Also, pay attention to the selection of the measuring point. Generally, the vertical distance from the point where the bottom of the pole meets the ground to the top of the pole is used as the above-ground length.

[0029] As another preferred method, the microcomputer calculates the burial depth by the following operation: Where C is the propagation velocity of the elastic wave, T is the propagation time of the elastic wave of longitudinal excitation, f is the propagation frequency of the elastic wave, f = 1 / T, L2 is the above-ground length of the tapered pole, L0 is the buried depth of the tapered pole, and L1 is the total length of the tapered pole.

[0030] During specific implementation, the propagation frequency f of the elastic wave is measured by spectrum analysis or other methods.

[0031] It should be further explained that the accelerometer sensor inherently satisfies: Where k is the combined stiffness coefficient of the spring plate, sensitive element, and base, and m is the mass of the inertial mass block.

[0032] The above-mentioned piezoelectric acceleration sensors are symmetrically arranged in two groups at the top of the conical pole, and their axes are parallel to the central axis of the pole; the spacing between the piezoelectric acceleration sensors on both sides is ≥10cm.

[0033] Two symmetrically positioned piezoelectric accelerometers can receive the longitudinal elastic wave signals generated by the hammer striking the top of the pole from different locations. As elastic waves propagate through the pole, they can be affected by factors such as internal structural unevenness and material variations, causing reflections and refractions, which can alter signal strength and direction. The two sensors can capture these complex signals from different angles, reducing signal loss or distortion caused by a single signal propagation path and improving the accuracy and integrity of signal reception.

[0034] In this embodiment, the time difference of the signals collected by the two sensors is used for cross-validation. If the deviation of the time difference of the two signals exceeds 5%, it is necessary to check the consistency of the sensor installation or re-collect the data.

[0035] Individual piezoelectric accelerometers may exhibit certain individual differences during manufacturing and use, such as varying sensitivities and inconsistent frequency response characteristics. These differences can lead to errors in the collected signals. By cross-validating the time difference between the signals collected by two sensors, they can be calibrated to eliminate some of these individual errors, resulting in more accurate elastic wave propagation times and, in turn, improved accuracy in pole depth calculations.

[0036] It should be understood that the propagation time T is the time interval between any two adjacent peaks of the vibration waveform detected by the piezoelectric acceleration sensor.

[0037] The peaks of the vibration waveform are the signal's defining features. The time interval between two adjacent peaks directly reflects the periodic nature of elastic wave propagation within the pole. Determining the propagation time, T, by measuring this time interval aligns with our intuitive understanding of periodic signals and facilitates understanding and operation by inspection personnel.

[0038] In actual operation, the hammer strikes the center of the pole tip, perpendicular to the pole's top surface. When the hammer strikes the center of the pole tip, the impact force is applied more evenly across the pole. Due to the structural characteristics of the tapered pole, applying force at the center minimizes stress concentration and localized deformation caused by offset impact positions, allowing the generated longitudinal elastic waves to propagate relatively uniformly toward the base of the pole. This allows the signal received by the piezoelectric accelerometer to more accurately reflect the overall mechanical properties of the pole, reducing signal deviations caused by improper impact positions.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detection method for a cone-shaped pole buried depth detection system, characterized by: The detection system includes an accelerometer sensor fixedly mounted on the top of the conical pole by a magnetic base, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to a high-speed data acquisition instrument via a signal transmission wire, and the high-speed data acquisition instrument is electrically connected to a microcomputer; The detection method comprises the following steps: S1, using a hammer to hit the top of the conical pole to generate an excitation signal that propagates downward along the conical pole in the form of an elastic wave; S2, piezoelectric acceleration sensor is used to receive the excitation signal and the reflected signal reflected from the bottom; S3, the piezoelectric acceleration sensor converts the received signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the high-speed data acquisition instrument through a wire; S4, the high-speed data acquisition instrument converts the electrical signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the microcomputer; S5, the microcomputer processes the digital signal to obtain the deep burial of the conical pole.

2. The detection method of a conical pole buried depth detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microcomputer calculates the burial depth by the following operations: Where C is the propagation velocity of the elastic wave, T is the propagation time of the elastic wave of longitudinal excitation, L2 is the above-ground length of the tapered pole, L0 is the buried depth of the tapered pole, and L1 is the total length of the tapered pole.

3. The detection method of a conical pole buried depth detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microcomputer calculates the burial depth by the following operations: Where C is the propagation velocity of the elastic wave, T is the propagation time of the elastic wave of longitudinal excitation, f is the propagation frequency of the elastic wave, f = 1 / T, L2 is the above-ground length of the tapered pole, L0 is the buried depth of the tapered pole, and L1 is the total length of the tapered pole.

4. The detection method of a conical pole buried depth detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The natural frequency of the accelerometer sensor satisfies: Where k is the combined stiffness coefficient of the spring plate, sensitive element, and base, and m is the mass of the inertial mass block.

5. The detection method of a conical pole buried depth detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric acceleration sensors are symmetrically arranged in two groups at the top of the conical pole, and their axes are parallel to the central axis of the pole; The distance between the piezoelectric acceleration sensors on both sides is ≥10cm.

6. The detection method of a conical pole buried depth detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The striking point of the hammer is located at the center of the top of the pole, and the striking direction is perpendicular to the top surface of the pole.

7. The detection method of a conical pole buried depth detection system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The propagation time T is the time interval between any two adjacent peaks of the vibration waveform detected by the piezoelectric acceleration sensor.

8. The detection method of a conical pole buried depth detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Use the time difference of the signals collected by the two sensors for cross-validation. If the time difference between the two signals deviates by more than 5%, check the consistency of the sensor installation or re-collect the data.

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