A settlement monitoring device for the retaining structure of a subway tunnel under construction

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of settlement monitoring technology, specifically to a settlement monitoring device for the retaining structure of a subway construction tunnel. The device includes a buried pipe and multiple settlement measuring tubes evenly connected to the bottom of the buried pipe, all at an angle. Each settlement measuring tube is assembled from multiple rectangular shells. Spacer rings are positioned between these rectangular shells, with flexible connecting rings on both sides for connection to the shells. A magnetic strip frame is arranged inside the settlement measuring tube at the same angle to its inclination. Monitoring components connected to the settlement measuring tubes are mounted on the outer surface of the magnetic strip frame. These monitoring components monitor the settlement of each rectangular shell. The evenly connected, angled settlement measuring tubes overcome the limitations of traditional vertical monitoring, increasing the contact area with the ground. The angled arrangement allows for the simultaneous sensing of settlement forces from both vertical and horizontal directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of settlement monitoring technology, specifically to a settlement monitoring device for the retaining structure of a subway construction tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid increase in urban population, traffic congestion has become an increasingly serious problem. Subways, as a high-capacity, fast, punctual, and environmentally friendly urban rail transit system, have become an effective means of alleviating urban traffic pressure. In recent years, major cities in my country have increased their investment in subway construction, resulting in continuous extension of subway lines and an increasingly dense network.

[0003] In subway construction, the cut-and-cover method is a commonly used approach, particularly suitable for busy urban areas with dense underground pipelines and complex surrounding environments. This method includes shallow-buried cut-and-cover tunneling and shield tunneling, characterized by underground excavation operations with relatively minimal impact on surface traffic and the surrounding environment. However, cut-and-cover construction also faces numerous challenges, among which the stability of the retaining structure is a key issue. The retaining structure is a crucial component of the cut-and-cover tunnel, bearing the pressure of the surrounding soil and providing support and protection for the construction space. During cut-and-cover construction, factors such as soil excavation, retaining structure construction, and the influence of groundwater can cause varying degrees of settlement in the retaining structure. If this settlement is not monitored and controlled in a timely and effective manner, it can lead to serious consequences. On the one hand, excessive settlement may cause cracking, deformation, or even instability in the retaining structure, leading to collapses and threatening the lives of construction workers. On the other hand, settlement can also damage surrounding buildings and underground pipelines, affecting the normal operation of the city and the lives of residents. For example, uneven settlement of the building envelope may cause cracks and tilting in surrounding buildings, as well as ruptures and leaks in underground pipelines, resulting in huge economic losses and social impacts on the city.

[0004] For example, patent document CN116481491B relates to the field of ground settlement monitoring. The deep foundation pit ground settlement monitoring device includes a monitoring component and a measuring component. A liquid replenishment component injects or extracts measuring liquid into a measuring cylinder, changing the liquid level inside the cylinder and aligning it with the initial zero mark. As the monitoring component settles with the soil, an auxiliary component pulls a liquid follower. Because the measuring cylinder and the liquid follower are connected, the liquid in the measuring cylinder enters the liquid follower to replenish it. External air enters the measuring cylinder, reducing the air pressure inside, causing the liquid level in the measuring cylinder to drop. The amount of liquid level drop directly reflects the settlement of the monitoring component, which in turn reflects the amount of soil settlement at the ground surface. Measurement is performed using liquid, and the amount of liquid level settlement directly reflects the amount of settlement of the monitoring component, resulting in a small monitoring error. The liquid replenishment component adjusts the liquid volume, also achieving the effect of zeroing the initial value.

[0005] In existing technologies for monitoring settlement of retaining structures in underground subway tunnels, some solutions employ vertically arranged measuring cylinders embedded in the ground. However, this technology has significant limitations in practical applications. Firstly, the area where settlement actually occurs at the bottom layer may be extremely small. Due to the limitations of the measuring cylinder's structure and arrangement, vertically arranged cylinders cannot accurately capture the minute deformations caused by such small settlement areas, thus failing to effectively monitor voids resulting from minor settlement. Secondly, the soil layer is not static; in the complex environment of underground subway construction, it undergoes horizontal displacement. Vertically arranged measuring cylinders primarily monitor vertical settlement changes and lack effective monitoring capabilities for the impact of horizontal soil displacement. This makes it difficult to comprehensively and accurately monitor the actual deformation of the soil layer, which to some extent affects the reliability and accuracy of settlement monitoring results, posing a potential safety hazard to subway construction. Therefore, this application proposes a settlement monitoring device for the retaining structures of underground subway tunnels. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a settlement monitoring device for the retaining structure of a subway construction tunnel, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a settlement monitoring device for the retaining structure of a subway construction tunnel, comprising a buried pipe, and further comprising:

[0008] The settlement measuring tubes are constructed in multiple and evenly connected to the bottom of the buried pipe, and the multiple settlement measuring tubes are inclined. The settlement measuring tubes are assembled from multiple rectangular shells.

[0009] A spacer ring is disposed between multiple rectangular shells, and flexible joint rings connected to the rectangular shells are provided on both sides of the spacer ring. The flexible joint ring is provided with a resistance-enhancing component that enhances its own toughness and monitors resonance.

[0010] A magnetic strip frame is arranged inside the settlement measuring tube at the same tilt angle. The outer surface of the magnetic strip frame is provided with a monitoring component connected to the settlement measuring tube. The monitoring component is used to monitor the settlement of each rectangular shell.

[0011] Preferably, the monitoring component includes multiple fixed magnetic scales arranged in a divergent pattern along the center of the magnetic strip frame. Each rectangular shell has a movable rod connected to its interior via a ball cage, and the other end of each movable rod is connected to a reading block adapted to the fixed magnetic scale via a ball cage. The fixed magnetic scale is used to monitor the position of the reading block.

[0012] Preferably, the buried pipe is equipped with a controller, and the multiple magnetic strip holders are connected to the controller via wires to achieve data transmission.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a bracket disposed inside the flexible joint ring and fixedly connected to the spacer ring. Multiple brackets are arranged in a circular array along the center circumference of the flexible joint ring. A guide groove is provided inside the bracket, and a pull block is slidably connected inside the guide groove. A spring plate for driving the pull block to reset is fixedly connected inside the guide groove, and the pull block can be connected to a rectangular shell to suppress the elastic force of the spring plate.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the bracket is rotatably connected to a crank, and the end of the crank away from the bracket is rotatably connected to a connecting block that is fixedly connected to a rectangular shell. The inside of the crank is connected to a pull handle through a rotating shaft, and one end of the pull handle is rotatably connected to the pull block through a connecting rod.

[0015] Preferably, a narrow groove is provided at one end of the guide groove, and a flexible pad is connected to the end of the pull block near the narrow groove of the guide groove, and the spring sheet is arranged along the narrow groove of the guide groove.

[0016] Preferably, all of the aforementioned settlement measuring tubes are rotatably connected to the bottom of the buried pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the outer surface of the magnetic stripe holder is fixedly connected with multiple stop plates, and the stop plates are used to limit the movement distance of the reading block.

[0018] Preferably, the outer surfaces of the plurality of rectangular shells are provided with grooves in a grid pattern.

[0019] Preferably, a top plate is fixedly connected to the top of the buried pipe, and a level bubble is provided on the top of the top plate.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. Settlement monitoring tubes are uniformly connected to the bottom of the buried pipe at an inclined angle. This layout breaks through the limitations of traditional vertical monitoring and increases the contact area with the stratum. The inclined setting allows it to simultaneously sense settlement forces from both vertical and horizontal directions, more comprehensively reflecting the multidimensional settlement of the stratum under complex construction environments. This provides abundant data for accurately analyzing the deformation patterns of the stratum. The settlement monitoring tubes are assembled from multiple rectangular shells, each serving as an independent monitoring point, enabling precise monitoring of every location in the stratum. Simultaneously, the coordinated operation of multiple settlement monitoring tubes allows for a comprehensive understanding of the settlement trend of the retaining structure, balancing both local and overall monitoring needs. The fixed magnetic ruler in the monitoring assembly is arranged radially along the center of the magnetic strip frame, working in conjunction with the movable rod and reading blocks connected via a ball cage to form a high-precision monitoring system. When the rectangular shell moves under settlement force, the movable rod drives the reading block to slide on the surface of the fixed magnetic ruler. The fixed magnetic ruler can accurately monitor the positional changes of the reading block, thereby accurately determining the direction and magnitude of the settlement force on the rectangular shell and promptly detecting minor changes in ground settlement. The magnetic strip frame is arranged inside the settlement monitoring tube and is aligned with the tilt angle, recording the initial shape of the settlement monitoring tube. In subsequent monitoring, its real-time shape is compared with the initial shape, providing a reliable benchmark for settlement monitoring and further improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data. The controller inside the buried tube is connected to multiple magnetic strip frames via wires to achieve real-time data transmission and analysis. Multi-point settlement monitoring feedback is formed based on the movement of each reading block, providing a comprehensive understanding of the ground settlement status. Once an anomaly is detected, an early warning can be issued in a timely manner, reminding construction personnel to pay attention to safety hazards and take necessary measures to reinforce or adjust the construction plan to avoid accidents. The stop plate can limit the movement distance of the reading block. When the rectangular shell settles excessively, the reading block contacts the limiting structure to transmit an electrical signal for early warning, preventing damage to the monitoring equipment due to excessive settlement, while also buying time for construction personnel to handle the situation and ensuring construction safety.

[0022] 2. The lifting and resistance assembly is fixedly connected to the rectangular shell via a connecting block, achieving overall coordinated operation with the settlement monitoring tube. When stratum settlement occurs, the displacement of the rectangular shell is accurately transmitted to the lifting and resistance assembly. Through the transmission of the crank, pull handle, and connecting rod, the pull block slides within the guide groove, generating corresponding resistance changes. This cooperation allows the settlement monitoring tube to more sensitively detect minute settlement changes in the stratum. Simultaneously, the resistance adjustment of the lifting and resistance assembly avoids damage to the monitoring equipment or data distortion caused by excessive instantaneous settlement force, improving the stability and reliability of the entire settlement monitoring system. The bracket is fixedly connected to the spacer ring, securely installing the lifting and resistance assembly inside the flexible joint ring. The spacer ring acts as a separator and support for the rectangular shell within the settlement monitoring tube, while the cooperation between the lifting and resistance assembly and the spacer ring further enhances the stability of the entire structure. When facing complex stratum stress, the spacer ring and the lifting and resistance assembly work together to ensure that the flexible joint ring can evenly bear and disperse stress, guaranteeing the normal movement of the rectangular shell and the accuracy of settlement monitoring. Meanwhile, this combination facilitates equipment installation and maintenance, improves construction efficiency, and indirectly ensures the accuracy of the reading block's movement on the fixed magnetic scale by increasing the toughness of the flexible joint ring and reducing erroneous displacement of the rectangular shell caused by vibration. The positional change of the reading block reflects the settlement of the rectangular shell, and the lifting component ensures that the displacement of the rectangular shell is caused by actual settlement force, rather than interference factors such as soil vibration. The magnetic strip frame, serving as the moving track and initial morphological reference for the reading block, works in conjunction with the lifting component to provide a stable and accurate data acquisition environment for settlement monitoring. Their collaboration enables the entire settlement monitoring system to more reliably acquire ground settlement data, providing a strong basis for safety decisions during subway construction. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in use;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the settlement measuring tube in this invention.

[0027] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the magnetic strip holder in this invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the magnetic strip holder in this invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure in this invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the guide groove in this invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 100, buried pipe; 101, top plate; 102, level bubble; 200, settlement measuring tube; 201, rectangular shell; 300, spacer ring; 301, flexible joint ring; 302, bracket; 303, crank; 304, connecting block; 305, pull handle; 306, spring plate; 307, connecting rod; 308, pull block; 309, flexible pad; 310, guide groove; 400, magnetic strip frame; 401, wire; 402, controller; 403, fixed magnetic scale; 404, reading block; 405, movable rod; 406, stop plate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-9 This invention provides a technical solution: a settlement monitoring device for the retaining structure of a subway construction tunnel, comprising a buried pipe 100, a top plate 101 fixedly connected to the top of the buried pipe 100, and a level bubble 102 disposed on the top of the top plate 101. The buried pipe 100 can be pre-buried in the ground while the top plate 101 is placed on the ground surface, facilitating the marking of the buried pipe 100's position. The level bubble 102 monitors the flatness of the buried pipe 100, and the level bubble 102 on the top plate 101 can accurately monitor the flatness of the buried pipe 100. During the pre-buried process, the position of the buried pipe 100 can be adjusted in a timely manner by observing the level bubble 102 to ensure it is in a horizontal state, thereby guaranteeing the installation accuracy of the entire monitoring device. Accurate installation is the foundation for subsequent precise monitoring. If the buried pipe 100 is tilted, it may cause changes in the orientation and stress of the settlement monitoring pipe 200, affecting the accuracy of the monitoring data. The installation provides clear markings for the entire monitoring equipment, making it easier for construction personnel to quickly locate monitoring points in complex construction sites. This facilitates subsequent maintenance, data reading, and equipment inspection, thus improving work efficiency.

[0035] It also includes settlement monitoring tubes 200, which are multiple and evenly connected to the bottom of the buried pipe 100. These settlement monitoring tubes 200 are inclined and assembled from multiple rectangular shells 201. The outer surface of each rectangular shell 201 has a grid-shaped groove. The settlement monitoring tubes 200 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the buried pipe 100. This rotatable connection allows adjustment of the orientation of the settlement monitoring tubes in the soil layer, which can be adjusted according to different conditions. The inclined placement of the multiple settlement monitoring tubes in the stratum increases their interaction with the soil. The contact area with the stratum facilitates the monitoring of settlement forces in both vertical and horizontal directions. In conjunction with the level bubble 102, the tilt status of each settlement monitoring tube 200 can be determined. Each settlement monitoring tube 200, composed of multiple rectangular shells 201, forms multiple individual monitoring points, allowing for the analysis of settlement conditions and the magnitude of settlement forces at each location within the stratum. Compared to traditional vertical monitoring methods, the tilted settlement monitoring tubes 200 can simultaneously sense settlement forces from both vertical and horizontal directions, thus providing a more comprehensive reflection of the stratum's settlement situation. During subway construction, stratum settlement is often multi-dimensional; this multi-angle monitoring capability provides richer data, helping to more accurately analyze the deformation patterns of the stratum.

[0036] The system also includes a spacer ring 300, which is positioned between multiple rectangular shells 201. Each spacer ring has a flexible connector ring 301 on both sides, connecting to the rectangular shells 201. The flexible connector ring 301 possesses a certain degree of flexibility, allowing for staggered positioning of the rectangular shells 201 to achieve individual settlement monitoring. During ground settlement, settlement conditions may vary at different locations. The flexibility of the flexible connector ring 301 ensures that each rectangular shell 201 can independently respond to the settlement force at its location, enabling individual settlement monitoring and more accurately reflecting the local deformation of the ground. The ground conditions around subway construction sites are complex and variable, potentially subject to uneven settlement due to various factors. The combined structure of the spacer ring 300 and the flexible connector ring 301 better adapts to these deformation characteristics of the ground, reducing damage to the monitoring equipment caused by uneven ground settlement and improving the stability and service life of the equipment.

[0037] It also includes a magnetic strip holder 400, which is arranged inside the settlement monitoring tube 200 at the same tilt angle. A monitoring component connected to the settlement monitoring tube 200 is mounted on the outer surface of the magnetic strip holder 400. The monitoring component is used to monitor the settlement of each rectangular shell 201. The magnetic strip holder 400, located inside the settlement monitoring tube 200, records the initial shape of the tube. In conjunction with the monitoring component, the direction and magnitude of the settlement force acting on the rectangular shell 201 can be determined based on its positional changes. During subsequent monitoring, by working with the monitoring component, the real-time shape of the settlement monitoring tube 200 can be compared with its initial shape, thus more accurately determining the settlement changes of the strata. This function of recording the initial shape provides a reliable benchmark for settlement monitoring, helping to improve the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data.

[0038] Furthermore, the monitoring component includes multiple fixed magnetic scales 403 arranged radially along the center of the magnetic strip frame 400. Each rectangular shell 201 has a movable rod 405 connected to its interior via a ball cage. The other end of each movable rod 405 is also connected via a ball cage to a reading block 404 adapted to the fixed magnetic scales 403. The fixed magnetic scales 403 are used to monitor the position of the reading blocks 404. A controller 402 is installed inside the buried pipe 100. The multiple magnetic strip frames 400 are connected to the controller 402 via wires 401 to achieve data transmission. The movable rods 405 connected by ball cages allow the rectangular shell 201 to move under settlement forces in different directions. This allows for more flexible feedback to the reading blocks 404, which slide on the surface of the fixed magnetic ruler 403 to assess the impact of ground subsidence. The conductor 401 transmits electrical signals to the magnetic strip holder 400, which are then analyzed and controlled by the controller 402. The movement of each reading block 404 is used to determine the movement of the connected rectangular shell 201, forming a multi-point subsidence monitoring feedback. As the rectangular shell 201 moves, it moves the transmission reading blocks 404. The fixed magnetic ruler 403 accurately monitors the positional changes of the reading blocks 404, thereby determining the direction and magnitude of the subsidence force borne by the rectangular shell 201. This monitoring method features high precision and high sensitivity, enabling timely detection of minute subsidence changes in the ground. The controller 402 can analyze and process the received data in real time, forming multi-point subsidence monitoring feedback based on the movement of each reading block 404. Through comprehensive analysis of this data, a complete understanding of the ground subsidence situation can be achieved, allowing for timely detection of anomalies and early warnings, providing timely and accurate information support for construction personnel to take appropriate measures.

[0039] It is worth mentioning that multiple stop plates 406 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the magnetic strip holder 400, and the stop plates 406 are used to limit the movement distance of the reading block 404. Setting the stop plates 406 can limit the excessive movement of the reading block 404, so that when the rectangular shell 201 settles excessively, it will drive the reading block 404 to abut the stop plate 406 to transmit an electrical signal and provide an early warning.

[0040] Specifically, in use, holes suitable for placing multiple settlement measuring tubes 200 and buried pipes 100 are first drilled in the enclosure structure. Then, multiple settlement measuring tubes 200 are placed in the enclosure structure, and then concrete is poured in again to fill it. The settlement measuring tubes 200 can receive settlement forces from the strata in the horizontal and vertical directions. When the force is applied to the settlement measuring tubes 200, each rectangular shell 201 will bear different degrees of force. When the rectangular shell 201 moves under the force, one end of the transmission rod 405 moves, thereby pushing the reading block 404 connected to it to move. At this time, the movement of the reading block 404 on the surface of the fixed magnetic ruler 403 will be monitored by the magnetic strip frame 400, thereby determining the settlement force borne by each rectangular shell 201. At the same time, the reading blocks 404 are arranged around the center of the magnetic strip frame 400, and the direction of the settlement force source can be determined according to the movement distance of each reading block 404.

[0041] In summary, the settlement monitoring tubes 200 are uniformly connected to the bottom of the buried pipe 100 in an inclined manner. This layout breaks through the limitations of traditional vertical monitoring and increases the contact area with the stratum. The inclined setting allows it to simultaneously sense settlement forces from both vertical and horizontal directions, more comprehensively reflecting the multidimensional settlement of the stratum under complex construction environments, and providing rich data for accurate analysis of stratum deformation patterns. The settlement monitoring tubes 200 are assembled from multiple rectangular shells 201, each shell serving as an independent monitoring point, enabling precise monitoring of each location in the stratum. At the same time, the coordinated operation of multiple settlement monitoring tubes 200 allows for a comprehensive understanding of the settlement trend of the retaining structure, balancing local and overall monitoring needs. In the monitoring components, the fixed magnetic ruler 403 is arranged radially along the center of the magnetic strip frame 400, cooperating with the movable rod 405 and reading block 404 connected via a ball cage to form a high-precision monitoring system. When the rectangular shell 201 moves under settlement force, the movable rod 405 drives the reading block 404 to slide on the surface of the fixed magnetic ruler 403. The fixed magnetic ruler 403 can accurately monitor the positional change of the reading block 404, thereby accurately determining the direction and magnitude of the settlement force on the rectangular shell 201 and promptly detecting minor changes in ground settlement. The magnetic strip holder 400 is arranged inside the settlement measuring tube 200 and is aligned with the tilt angle, recording the initial shape of the settlement measuring tube 200. In subsequent monitoring, its real-time shape is compared with the initial shape, providing a reliable benchmark for settlement monitoring and further improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data. The controller 402 inside the buried pipe 100 is connected to multiple magnetic strip holders 400 through wires 401 to realize real-time data transmission and analysis. Multi-point settlement monitoring feedback is formed based on the movement of each reading block 404, providing a comprehensive understanding of the ground settlement status. Once an anomaly is detected, a timely warning can be issued, reminding construction personnel to pay attention to potential safety hazards and take necessary measures to reinforce or adjust the construction plan to prevent accidents. The stop plate 406 can limit the movement distance of the reading block 404. When the rectangular shell 201 experiences excessive settlement, the reading block 404 contacts the limiting structure to transmit an electrical signal for warning, preventing damage to the monitoring equipment due to excessive settlement, and at the same time buying time for construction personnel to handle the situation, thus ensuring construction safety.

[0042] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 1-9 The present invention also provides a technical solution, which differs from the technical solution of Embodiment 1 as follows: a settlement monitoring device for the retaining structure of a subway construction tunnel, wherein the flexible ring 301 is internally equipped with a lifting and resistance component that enhances its own toughness and monitors resonance. By setting the lifting and resistance component, the toughness of the flexible ring 301 can be improved, and at the same time, it can be quickly reset when subjected to soil vibration, thereby reducing the misjudgment of the reading block 404 movement. This structure enables the flexible ring 301 to better disperse stress when facing complex stress in the stratum, avoiding excessive deformation or damage caused by local stress concentration, thereby significantly enhancing the toughness of the flexible ring 301 itself, enabling it to adapt to complex working conditions such as uneven settlement of the stratum, and extending the service life of the flexible ring 301.

[0043] The lifting and resistance assembly includes a bracket 302 disposed inside the flexible ring 301 and fixedly connected to the spacer ring 300. Multiple brackets 302 are arranged in a circular array along the center circumference of the flexible ring 301. A guide groove 310 is provided inside the bracket 302, and a pull block 308 is slidably connected inside the guide groove 310. A spring plate 306 that drives the pull block 308 to reset is fixedly connected inside the guide groove 310. The pull block 308 can be connected to the rectangular shell 201 to suppress the elastic force of the spring plate 306. By setting the cooperation between the pull block 308 and the spring plate 306, a lasting support force can be provided to the rectangular shell 201. This support force can effectively improve the toughness of the flexible ring 301 and enable more accurate monitoring of settlement. When the stratum vibrates, the rectangular shell 201 will drive the flexible ring 301 to bend, thereby causing the pull block 308 to slide in the guide groove 310 and squeeze the spring plate 306. After the vibration ends, the elastic force of the spring plate 306 will quickly push the pull block 308 to reset, causing the rectangular shell 201 to return to its initial position. This rapid reset function can effectively reduce misjudgments caused by the movement of the reading block 404 due to soil vibration, and improve the accuracy and reliability of settlement monitoring data.

[0044] Furthermore, a crank 303 is rotatably connected to one end of the bracket 302, and a connecting block 304 fixedly connected to the rectangular shell 201 is rotatably connected to the end of the crank 303 away from the bracket 302. A pull handle 305 is connected to the inside of the crank 303 via a rotating shaft, and one end of the pull handle 305 is rotatably connected to the pull block 308 via a connecting rod 307. A narrow groove is opened at one end of the guide groove 310, and a flexible pad 309 is connected to the end of the pull block 308 near the narrow groove of the guide groove 310. Spring plates 306 are arranged along the narrow groove of the guide groove 310. The groove allows the pull block 308 to gradually increase its resistance when moved under force. This makes the rectangular shell 201 move smoothly when subjected to ground vibration, but slowly under the influence of sustained settlement force, thereby improving the accuracy of settlement force monitoring. The flexible pad 309 increases the friction between itself and the narrow groove of the guide groove 310, thus increasing resistance. When the rectangular shell 201 is subjected to ground vibration, the pull block 308 moves slightly, and the friction between the flexible pad 309 and the narrow groove is small, allowing the pull block 308 to slide smoothly, making the rectangular shell 201 move smoothly and reducing vibration interference. Under the influence of sustained settlement force, the movement distance of the pull block 308 increases, the contact area between the flexible pad 309 and the narrow groove increases, the friction gradually increases, and the resistance to movement of the pull block 308 also increases. Only a stable settlement force can cause the spring plate 306 to contract and the flexible pad 309 to compress, thereby causing displacement of the rectangular shell 201. This design can accurately distinguish between ground vibration and actual settlement force, improving the accuracy of settlement force monitoring and providing more precise data support for subway construction safety.

[0045] Specifically, when dealing with settlement caused by ground vibration, when the flexible joint ring 301 of the rectangular shell 201 is bent by the force, the synchronous transmission connecting block 304 moves along with it. At this time, the connecting block 304 drives the crank 303 to change the angle between the crank and the support 302, so that the pull handle 305 pulls the pull block 308 to slide in the guide groove 310 through the connecting rod 307. At this time, the small movement of the pull block 308 will squeeze the spring plate 306, allowing the flexible pad 309 to slide smoothly, thereby overcoming the vibration of the soil and allowing the rectangular shell 201 to reset. Under the influence of continuous settlement force, the moving resistance of the pull block 308 will gradually increase under the influence of the narrow groove of the guide groove 310. Only a stable settlement force can yield the contraction of the spring plate 306 and the compression of the flexible pad 309. At this time, the displacement of the rectangular shell 201 represents the gradual increase of the settlement.

[0046] In summary, the lifting resistance assembly is fixedly connected to the rectangular shell 201 via the connecting block 304, achieving overall coordinated operation with the settlement monitoring tube 200. When stratum settlement occurs, the displacement of the rectangular shell 201 can be accurately transmitted to the lifting resistance assembly. Through the transmission of the crank 303, pull handle 305, and connecting rod 307, the pull block 308 slides within the guide groove 310, generating corresponding resistance changes. This cooperation allows the settlement monitoring tube 200 to more sensitively detect minute settlement changes in the stratum. At the same time, through the resistance adjustment of the lifting resistance assembly, damage to the monitoring equipment or data distortion caused by excessive instantaneous settlement force is avoided, improving the stability and reliability of the entire settlement monitoring system. The bracket 302 is fixedly connected to the spacer ring 300, securely installing the lifting resistance assembly inside the flexible connector ring 301. The spacer ring 300 serves to separate and support the rectangular shell 201 within the settlement monitoring tube 200, and the cooperation between the lifting resistance assembly and the spacer ring 300 further enhances the stability of the entire structure. When facing complex ground stress, the spacer ring 300 and the lifting assembly work together to ensure that the flexible joint ring 301 can uniformly bear and disperse stress, guaranteeing the normal movement of the rectangular shell 201 and the accuracy of settlement monitoring. Simultaneously, this cooperation facilitates equipment installation and maintenance, improving construction efficiency. The lifting assembly, by increasing the toughness of the flexible joint ring 301 and reducing erroneous displacement of the rectangular shell 201 due to vibration, indirectly ensures the accuracy of the movement of the reading block 404 on the fixed magnetic ruler 403. The positional change of the reading block 404 reflects the settlement of the rectangular shell 201, and the lifting assembly ensures that the displacement of the rectangular shell 201 is caused by actual settlement force, rather than interference factors such as soil vibration. The magnetic strip frame 400, serving as the moving track and initial morphological reference for the reading block 404, works in conjunction with the lifting assembly to provide a stable and accurate data acquisition environment for settlement monitoring. Their mutual cooperation enables the entire settlement monitoring system to more reliably acquire ground settlement data, providing a strong basis for safety decisions in subway construction.

[0047] Working principle: In use, firstly, suitable holes for placing multiple settlement monitoring tubes 200 and buried pipes 100 are drilled inside the retaining structure. Then, the multiple settlement monitoring tubes 200 are placed inside the retaining structure, and then it can be filled with concrete again.

[0048] The settlement measuring tube 200 can receive settlement forces from the strata in both horizontal and vertical directions. When a force is applied to the settlement measuring tube 200, each rectangular shell 201 will bear a different degree of force. When the rectangular shell 201 moves under the force, one end of the transmission rod 405 moves, thereby pushing the reading block 404 connected to it to move. At this time, the movement of the reading block 404 on the surface of the fixed magnetic ruler 403 will be monitored by the magnetic strip frame 400, thereby determining the settlement force borne by each rectangular shell 201. At the same time, the reading blocks 404 are arranged around the center of the magnetic strip frame 400, and the direction of the settlement force source can be determined based on the movement distance of each reading block 404.

[0049] When dealing with settlement caused by ground vibration, the flexible joint ring 301 of the rectangular shell 201 bends under force, causing the synchronous transmission connecting block 304 to move along with it. At this time, the connecting block 304 drives the crank 303 to change the angle between the crank and the support 302, so that the pull handle 305 pulls the pull block 308 to slide in the guide groove 310 through the connecting rod 307. At this time, the small movement of the pull block 308 will squeeze the spring plate 306, allowing the flexible pad 309 to slide smoothly, thereby overcoming the vibration of the soil and allowing the rectangular shell 201 to reset. Under the influence of continuous settlement force, the moving resistance of the pull block 308 will gradually increase under the influence of the narrow groove of the guide groove 310. Only a stable settlement force can yield the contraction of the spring plate 306 and the compression of the flexible pad 309. At this time, the displacement of the rectangular shell 201 represents the gradual increase of the settlement.

[0050] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0051] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A subway construction underground excavation tunnel enclosure structure settlement monitoring device, comprising a buried pipe (100), characterized in that, Also include: The settlement measuring tube (200) is configured with multiple and uniformly connected to the bottom of the buried pipe (100), and multiple settlement measuring tubes (200) are inclined, the settlement measuring tube (200) is assembled by multiple rectangular boxes (201); The spacer ring (300) is arranged between the multiple rectangular boxes (201), and the two sides are provided with a soft joint ring (301) connected with the rectangular box (201), the inside of the soft joint ring (301) is provided with a resistance increasing component for enhancing the toughness and monitoring the resonance; The magnetic strip frame (400) is arranged inside the settlement measuring tube (200) and consistent with the inclination angle, the outer surface of the magnetic strip frame (400) is provided with a monitoring component connected with the settlement measuring tube (200), and the monitoring component is used for monitoring the settlement of each rectangular box (201); The monitoring component includes multiple fixed magnetic scales (403) arranged in a divergent manner along the center of the magnetic strip frame (400), the inside of each rectangular box (201) is connected with a movable rod (405) through a ball cage, and the other end of each movable rod (405) is connected with a reading block (404) matched with the fixed magnetic scale (403), and the fixed magnetic scale (403) is used for monitoring the position of the reading block (404). 2.The subway construction underground passage enclosure structure settlement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inside of the buried pipe (100) is provided with a controller (402), and multiple magnetic strip frames (400) are connected with the controller (402) through wires (401) to realize data transmission.

3. The subway construction underground passage enclosure settlement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistance increasing component includes a support (302) arranged in the inside of the soft joint ring (301) and fixedly connected with the spacer ring (300), the support (302) is arranged in multiple along the center of the soft joint ring (301), the inside of the support (302) is provided with a guide groove (310), the guide groove (310) is slidably connected with a pull block (308), the inside of the guide groove (310) is fixedly connected with a spring sheet (306) for driving the pull block (308) to reset, and the pull block (308) can be connected with the rectangular box (201) for inhibiting the elastic force of the spring sheet (306).

4. The subway construction underground passage enclosure settlement monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the support (302) is rotatably connected with a crank (303), the other end of the crank (303) away from the support (302) is rotatably connected with a connecting block (304) fixedly connected with the rectangular box (201), the inside of the crank (303) is connected with a pull handle (305) through a rotating shaft, and one end of the pull handle (305) is rotatably connected with the pull block (308) through a connecting rod (307).

5. The subway construction underground passage enclosure settlement monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the guide groove (310) is provided with a narrow groove, and the other end of the pull block (308) close to the narrow groove of the guide groove (310) is connected with a flexible pad (309), and the spring sheet (306) is arranged along the narrow groove of the guide groove (310).

6. The subway construction underground passage enclosure settlement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple settlement measuring tubes (200) are rotatably connected to the bottom of the buried pipe (100).

7. The subway construction underground passage enclosure settlement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the magnetic strip frame (400) is fixedly connected with multiple stop plates (406), and the stop plates (406) are used for limiting the movement distance of the reading block (404).

8. The settlement monitoring device for the subway construction underground passage enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the multiple rectangular boxes (201) is provided with a groove configured as a field shape.

9. The subway construction underground passage enclosure settlement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the buried pipe (100) is fixedly connected with a top plate (101), and the top of the top plate (101) is provided with a horizontal bubble (102).

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