Single-channel thickening system and thickener

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-channel thickening system and a thickener, the single-channel thickening system comprises a cylinder, a trapezoidal material distribution plate and a spiral dam, the top of the cylinder is provided with a feed inlet along the tangential direction; the trapezoidal material distribution plate is arranged in the cylinder body and located at the bottom of the cylinder body, and a gap is formed between the trapezoidal material distribution plate and the bottom of the cylinder body; the spiral dam is spirally arranged along the axis of the barrel, the top end of the spiral dam is in butt joint with the feeding port, ore pulp vortex is guided to be uniform in speed, and the ore pulp overflows downwards from the spiral dam in the axis direction of the barrel. The feed port tangentially arranged on the barrel is butted with the spiral dam, so that pulp vortex is guided to be uniform in speed, the pulp overflows downwards from the spiral dam to the axis direction of the barrel, and the pulp is uniformly distributed by matching with the trapezoidal material distribution plate below, so that the purpose that the pulp enters a thickener pool body at uniform speed and flow and uniformly distributed is achieved; the treatment efficiency of the thickener is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ore slurry thickening, and particularly relates to a single-channel thickening system and a thickener. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the current hydrometallurgical process of laterite nickel ore, the ore slurry generated by ore washing is usually sent to a thickener for thickening, and when the concentration reaches a certain value, it is injected into a high-pressure reaction kettle together with sulfuric acid and steam for smelting to extract nickel and cobalt from the laterite nickel ore. During the thickening process of the thickener, the ore slurry needs to be introduced and discharged at the bottom, and the supernatant overflows from the overflow weir. For example, a kind of thickener is disclosed in application No. CN201721530025.8, which comprises: a ring-shaped pool body containing supernatant; an overflow weir arranged in the ring-shaped pool body; and a precision filtration unit arranged along the circumference of the overflow weir, wherein the precision filtration unit is provided with a liquid outlet pipe, and the precision filtration unit is in communication with the overflow weir through the liquid outlet pipe.

[0003] For the above prior art, the ore slurry is usually directly introduced from the feed inlet. The direct introduction of the ore slurry has the problems of uneven rate, flow fluctuation and uneven distribution. Uneven introduction of the ore slurry will cause uneven load in the sedimentation zone, affect the effective sedimentation of solid particles, and thus reduce the sedimentation efficiency and solid recovery rate. Flow fluctuation may cause sudden increase in the concentration of the ore slurry in local areas, forming areas with excessively high concentration, hindering particle sedimentation, and even causing blockage, all of which will reduce the sedimentation efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the above technical deficiencies and provides a single-channel thickening system and a thickener to solve the technical problems of uneven rate, flow fluctuation and uneven distribution of the direct introduction of the ore slurry in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above technical purposes, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides a single-channel thickening system, comprising: a cylinder, the top of the cylinder being provided with a feed inlet in a tangential direction; a trapezoidal distribution plate, the trapezoidal distribution plate being arranged in the cylinder and located at the bottom of the cylinder, and forming a gap with the bottom of the cylinder; and a spiral dam, the spiral dam being arranged in a spiral along the axis of the cylinder, the top end of the spiral dam being connected to the feed inlet to guide the ore slurry to form a vortex at a uniform speed, and the ore slurry overflowing downward from the spiral dam towards the axis of the cylinder.

[0006] In some embodiments, the spiral dam starts spiraling from the feed inlet and spirals in a ring shape.

[0007] In some embodiments, the inner edge of the spiral dam has a flow barrier weir, and the flow barrier weir is gradually lowered along the spiral direction starting from the feed inlet.

[0008] In some embodiments, the top of the cylinder is provided with a flocculant adding port at a position at least a quarter of a circle away from the feed inlet.

[0009] In some embodiments, a rake is further included, the rake comprising a rotating shaft arranged axially along the cylinder and passing through the trapezoidal distribution plate, and a scraper connected to the rotating shaft and adapted to the slope of the trapezoidal distribution plate at one end, the rotating shaft being used to drive the scraper to rotate and push the excessive precipitate on the trapezoidal distribution plate to fall from the gap.

[0010] In some embodiments, the rake further comprises a rake frame connected to the rotating shaft and in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder at one end, the rotating shaft being used to drive the rake frame to rotate and scrape the precipitate off the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0011] In some embodiments, the rake frame is connected to the rotating shaft through the scraper and forms a V shape, and the tip of the V shape is inserted into the gap.

[0012] In some embodiments, the bottom of the trapezoidal distribution plate is fixedly connected to the cylinder through an extension frame.

[0013] In some embodiments, the extension frame has a U shape.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a thickener comprising the single-channel thickening system as claimed in any one of the above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the single-channel thickening system provided by the present application has the feed inlet arranged tangentially on the cylinder and butted against the spiral dam, guiding the ore pulp vortex to flow at a uniform speed and overflow downward from the spiral dam toward the axis of the cylinder, cooperating with the trapezoidal distribution plate below to uniformly distribute the ore pulp, achieving the purpose of the ore pulp entering the thickener tank at a uniform speed, flow rate and uniform distribution, improving the processing efficiency of the thickener, shortening the residence time of the ore pulp in the thickener, and increasing the processing capacity per unit time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the single-channel thickening system provided by the embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the single-channel thickening system provided by the embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 is a three-dimensional sectional view of the single-channel thickening system provided by the embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 is another three-dimensional sectional view of the single-channel thickening system provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the thickener provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Legend: 1, cylinder; 101, feed inlet; 2, trapezoidal distribution plate; 201, gap; 202, extension frame; 3, spiral dam; 301, flow blocking weir; 4, rake machine; 41, rotating shaft; 42, rake frame; 43, scraper; 44, pool body rake frame; 5, flocculating agent adding port; 6, pool body; 601, conical surface; 602, ore discharging port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer and more apparent, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0019] In order to solve the technical problems of uneven speed, flow fluctuation and uneven distribution caused by direct introduction of slurry, the present application provides a single-channel thickening system, which can realize uniform speed and flow introduction and uniform distribution of the slurry.

[0020] It should be noted that the single-channel thickening system described in the present application is used for but not limited to the thickener for slurry thickening, etc. For the convenience of description, in the present application, only the single-channel thickening system applied to the thickener for slurry thickening is taken as an example for description, and the principle of the single-channel thickening system applied to other types of equipment is substantially the same as that applied to the thickener for slurry thickening, which is not described herein.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the single-channel thickening system in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2The single-channel thickening system includes a cylinder 1, a trapezoidal distribution plate 2, and a spiral dam 3. The top of the cylinder 1 is provided with a feed inlet 101 in a tangential direction to introduce the ore slurry in a tangential direction, which generates a vortex flow along the inside of the cylinder 1, which helps to uniformly distribute the ore slurry on the entire cross section of the thickener, rather than being concentrated in the center or a certain point, so as to ensure the same treatment effect in all areas and avoid local overload or uneven treatment. The vortex flow can promote the rapid settlement of solid particles in the ore slurry, especially for fine particles, because the vortex flow generates shear force to help break the aggregation state between fine particles, making them more easily settle. The trapezoidal distribution plate 2 is arranged in the cylinder 1 and located at the bottom of the cylinder 1, and forms a gap 201 with the bottom of the cylinder 1. The design of the trapezoidal distribution plate 2 helps the material to be more uniformly distributed on the cross section of the thickener when entering the thickener. By adjusting the gap size between the trapezoidal distribution plate 2 and the bottom of the inner wall of the cylinder 1, the thickness of the material in the thickener can be controlled, and the settling speed and concentration efficiency of the material can be controlled. The spiral dam 3 is spirally arranged along the axis of the cylinder 1. The top end of the spiral dam 3 is connected to the feed inlet 101 to guide the ore slurry vortex at a uniform speed and overflow downward from the spiral dam 3 toward the axis of the cylinder 1. The spiral dam 3 is connected to the feed inlet 101 and has a buffering effect to slow down the high-speed direct injection of the ore slurry downward. The spiral shape of the spiral dam 3 has the effect of guiding the ore slurry vortex. Under the conditions of slowing down and vortex flow, the ore slurry is promoted to flow at a uniform speed and is injected downward in a central overflow manner, reducing flow fluctuations and having a uniform distribution effect. In combination with the trapezoidal distribution plate 2 below, the ore slurry is further uniformly distributed. In the ore slurry introduction of the thickener, the ore slurry is uniformly distributed at a uniform speed and flow rate into the pool body of the thickener, improving the processing efficiency of the thickener, shortening the residence time of the ore slurry in the thickener, and increasing the processing capacity per unit time.

[0022] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , to avoid the spiral dam 3 causing too strong a vortex flow in the ore slurry injection, the spiral dam 3 starts to spiral from the feed inlet 101 and forms a ring in one layer. The spiral dam 3 forms a ring in one layer to avoid forming too strong a vortex flow, which can cause unnecessary energy loss and can cause the already settled particles to be re-suspended, thereby reducing the processing efficiency.

[0023] In this embodiment, the spiral dam 3 in one layer can provide effective uniform speed and flow rate for the thickening of the ore slurry, but for the thickening process of other materials different from the ore slurry, the number of layers and the shape of the spiral dam 3 can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the material.

[0024] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 In order to guide the slurry on the spiral dam 3 to overflow evenly to the center, the inner edge of the spiral dam 3 has a flow-blocking weir 301, and the flow-blocking weir 301 starts from the feed inlet 101 and gradually decreases along the spiral direction, which is used to control the overflow flow of the slurry toward the axial direction of the cylinder 1.

[0025] It can be understood that since the feed port gradually decreases from bottom to top along the spiral dam 3, the gradually decreasing retaining weir can control the balance between the overflow flow above the spiral dam 3 and the overflow flow below, thereby achieving the purpose of uniformly overflowing the slurry downward from the spiral dam.

[0026] Furthermore, the outer edge of the spiral dam 3 forms an inclination toward the axis of the cylinder 1 toward the inner edge, and the inclination can guide the slurry to overflow toward the axis of the cylinder 1 .

[0027] In this embodiment, the inclination can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the required overflow speed.

[0028] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In order to reduce the waste of flocculant and make the slurry and flocculant fully react, a flocculant addition port 5 is provided at a position at least a quarter of a circle away from the feed port 101 on the top of the cylinder 1. Since the slurry flow rate and particle speed at the feed port 101 are fast, it is not easy for the slurry to form large particles and precipitate under the action of the flocculant, which will waste a lot of flocculant. Therefore, a flocculant addition port 5 is provided at a position of a quarter of a circle distance, where the slurry flow rate is reduced and it can react better with the flocculant.

[0029] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 In order to prevent the accumulation of sediment on the trapezoidal distribution plate 2 and to prevent the gap 201 from being blocked, the single-channel thickening system further includes a rake 4, which includes a rotating shaft 41 and a scraper 43. The scraper 43 is connected to the rotating shaft 41, and one end of the scraper 43 is adapted to the inclined surface of the trapezoidal distribution plate and extends to be inserted into the gap 201. When the rotating shaft 41 drives the scraper 43 to rotate, the excess sediment on the trapezoidal distribution plate 2 is pushed to fall from the gap 201.

[0030] It can be understood that the rotating shaft 41 is correspondingly driven to rotate by a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is installed above the thickening tank body of the thickener, and its driving end is connected to the top of the rotating shaft 41 to drive the rotating shaft 41 to rotate. The driving mechanism is driven by a motor. The above is a feature of the existing technology and will not be elaborated on here.

[0031] In one embodiment, seeFigure 2 And Figure 4 In order to avoid the precipitation accumulated in the barrel 1, the rake frame 42 is provided with the rotating shaft 41 which is arranged along the barrel 1 in the axial direction and passes through the trapezoidal distribution plate 2, the rake frame 42 is connected with the rotating shaft 41 and one end is in contact with the inner wall of the barrel 1, and the rotating shaft 41 is used to drive the rake frame 42 to rotate to scrape the precipitation from the inner wall of the barrel 1.

[0032] In one of the embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 And Figure 4 The rake frame 42 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 41 through the scraper 43, that is, the scraper 43 is fixedly connected with the rake frame 42, and the scraper 43 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 41, so that the use of the internal support is reduced, the scraper 43 is used as the connecting end of the rake frame 42 and the rotating shaft 41, the scraping effect on the inner wall of the barrel 1 is achieved, the scraping effect on the trapezoidal distribution plate 2 is achieved, and after the rake frame 42 is connected with the scraper 43, a V-shaped structure is formed, the tip of the V-shaped structure is inserted into the gap 201, and in the rotation, the gap 201 can be effectively cleaned and blocked.

[0033] It can be understood that in the possible embodiments, one end of the scraper 43 is directly fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 41, and one end of the rake frame 42 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 41 through the support.

[0034] In one of the embodiments, in order to connect the trapezoidal distribution plate 2 and the barrel 1, the bottom of the trapezoidal distribution plate 2 is fixedly connected with the barrel 1 through the extension frame 202, and the trapezoidal distribution plate 2 is arranged in the barrel 1 with the gap 201 between the trapezoidal distribution plate 2 and the inner wall of the barrel 1.

[0035] Further, in order to adapt to the structure that the scraper 43 is inserted into the gap 201, the extension frame 202 is in the shape of U, so that when the scraper 43 rotates in the gap 201, interference is avoided.

[0036] In order to better understand the present application, the following will be combined with Figures 1 to 4The technical scheme of the present application is described in detail as follows: the cylinder 1, the spiral dam 3, the trapezoidal distribution plate 2 and the rake machine 4 constitute a single-channel thickening system, the feed inlet 101 is arranged at the top of the cylinder 1 in a tangential direction, under the spiral guidance of the spiral dam 3, a vortex is formed, and the ore slurry is injected downward in an overflow manner towards the center, so that the ore slurry enters the cylinder 1 at a uniform speed and flow rate, and in cooperation with the trapezoidal distribution plate 2, the ore slurry is uniformly distributed and injected into the thickening tank body of the thickener; the flocculating agent adding port 5 is arranged at a position of the top of the cylinder 1 which is a quarter of a circle away from the feed inlet 101, which can better react with the flocculating agent in cooperation with the ore slurry with a reduced flow rate at this position; the rake frame 42 and the scraper 43 are driven to rotate by the rotating shaft 41, so as to scrape the precipitate from the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and the trapezoidal distribution plate 2, which can not only avoid excessive accumulation of the precipitate in the cylinder 1, but also avoid blockage of the gap by the precipitate.

[0037] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a thickener, please refer to Figure 5 The thickener comprises the single-channel thickening system according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0038] It can be understood that the thickener comprises the thickening tank body 6, the bottom of the thickening tank body 6 is a conical surface 601, and the single-channel thickening system is arranged on the central axis of the thickening tank body 6 and is used for introducing the ore slurry downward into the inside of the tank body, wherein the driving mechanism of the rake machine 4 is arranged on the thickening tank body, which is used for driving the rotation of the rake machine 4, in addition, the tank rake frame 44 which is in contact with the inner bottom wall of the tank body is arranged on the rotating shaft 41 of the rake machine 4, and the tank rake frame 44 is used for dredging the ore slurry in the thickening tank body 6 to the ore discharge port 602.

[0039] The specific embodiments of the present application described above do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Any various other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical concept of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A single pass thickening system characterized by, The application relates to a single-channel thickening system, which comprises the following parts: a cylinder body, the top of which is provided with a feeding port in a tangential direction; a trapezoidal distribution plate, which is arranged in the cylinder body and located at the bottom of the cylinder body and forms a gap with the bottom of the cylinder body; and a spiral dam, which is spirally arranged along the axis of the cylinder body, the top end of the spiral dam is connected with the feeding port, the spiral dam guides the vortex of the ore pulp to flow at a constant speed and overflows downward from the spiral dam towards the axis of the cylinder body.

2. The single pass thickening system of claim 1, wherein, The spiral dam starts spiraling from the feeding port and spirals in a ring shape.

3. The single pass thickening system of claim 1, wherein, The inner edge of the spiral dam is provided with a flow-blocking weir, which gradually decreases along the spiral direction and starts from the feeding port.

4. The single-pass thickening system of claim 1, wherein, The top of the cylinder body is provided with a flocculating agent adding port at a position which is at least a quarter of a circle away from the feeding port.

5. The single pass thickening system of claim 1, wherein, The single-channel thickening system further comprises a rake machine, which comprises a rotating shaft and a scraper, the rotating shaft is arranged along the axis of the cylinder body and penetrates through the trapezoidal distribution plate, the scraper is connected with the rotating shaft and one end of the scraper is matched with the inclined surface of the trapezoidal distribution plate, the rotating shaft is used for driving the scraper to rotate and push the excessive deposits on the trapezoidal distribution plate to fall from the gap.

6. The single-pass thickening system of claim 5, wherein, The rake machine further comprises a rake frame, which is connected with the rotating shaft and one end of the rake frame is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder body, the rotating shaft is used for driving the rake frame to rotate and scrape the deposits from the inner wall of the cylinder body.

7. The single-pass thickening system of claim 6, wherein, The rake frame is connected with the rotating shaft through the scraper and forms a V shape, and the tip of the V shape is inserted into the gap.

8. The single pass thickening system of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the trapezoidal distribution plate is fixedly connected with the cylinder body through an extension frame.

9. The single-pass thickening system of claim 8, wherein, The extension frame is in a U shape.

10. A thickener characterized by The single-channel thickening system comprises any one of claims 1-9.

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