Preparation process of yeast extract
High-purity yeast extract is prepared by steps including yeast suspension sedimentation, debittering and deodorization, autolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis, which solves the problems of pollution and high cost in the preparation of yeast extract in the existing technology and realizes efficient and low-cost production of yeast extract.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410512191.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for preparing yeast extracts suffer from pollution problems and are costly, making it difficult to produce high-quality yeast extracts on a large scale.
A high-purity yeast extract was prepared by means of steps such as yeast suspension sedimentation separation, debittering and deodorization treatment, addition of autolysis promoter, papain enzymatic hydrolysis and centrifugation separation, and then spray-dried into powder product.
This method improves the extraction rate and purity of yeast extract, resulting in products with multiple physiological functions such as enhancing immunity and preventing diseases, while also reducing production costs.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of yeast extract preparation technology, specifically relating to a preparation process for yeast extract. Background Art
[0002] Yeast extract contains amino acids and polypeptides, as well as nucleotides, vitamins, organic acids, and minerals, making it highly nutritious and easy to process. In some food processing, it often plays a role in enhancing the umami and richness of products, while also mitigating off-flavors, sourness, and masking odors. Yeast extract has been widely used in many food processing industries.
[0003] Patent application CN116396862A discloses a method for preparing yeast extract. By studying the suspension concentration, temperature, pH, amount of autolysis promoter, and hydrolysis time of yeast autolysis hydrolysis, the optimal hydrolysis scheme is optimized. This avoids the pollution problems caused by chemical production and, at a lower production cost than enzymatic methods, enables the large-scale production of high-quality yeast extract with good flavor and strong taste. Based on this, it is of great significance to study the effect of yeast hydrolysis autolysis process on the extraction rate of yeast extract. Therefore, we propose a yeast extract preparation process. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a process for preparing yeast extract to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a process for preparing yeast extract, comprising the following steps:
[0006] S1. Dilute the cleaned yeast mud after washing and removing impurities with water to form a yeast suspension. Separate the yeast suspension by sedimentation and pour off the supernatant.
[0007] S2. Take out the supernatant obtained in S1, add a debittering agent to the supernatant for debittering and deodorizing treatment, centrifuge at 2000 r / min for 10 min to obtain a yeast supernatant with higher purity, and then add autolysis promoter NaCl to the yeast liquid.
[0008] S3. Control the temperature, time, and pH of the yeast solution to induce yeast autolysis and prepare autolysis products;
[0009] S4. Add papain to the autolysis product, control the temperature, time and amount of enzyme added to the autolysis product, carry out cell wall disruption yeast enzymatic hydrolysis, and prepare enzymatic hydrolysis product.
[0010] S5. Heat the enzymatic hydrolysis products to inactivate the enzymes.
[0011] S6. Use a centrifuge to separate the enzyme hydrolysis products after enzyme inactivation to obtain yeast cell wall heavy liquid and yeast extract clear liquid. Concentrate and dry the yeast extract clear liquid into powdered yeast extract, and spray dry the yeast cell wall heavy liquid into yeast cell wall by-product.
[0012] Preferably, the S1 yeast sludge is made from waste brewer's yeast or brewer's yeast powder, and the proportions of the yeast suspension are 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively.
[0013] Preferably, the S2 debittering agent is a 5% sodium bicarbonate solution and a 3% NaCl solution, with a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:8 to 10, and the amount of NaCl added as the autolysis accelerator is 3%, 4%, or 5%.
[0014] Preferably, the S3 temperature is 50℃, 55℃, or 60℃, the S3 autolysis time is 9h, 12h, or 15h, and the S3 pH is 5.0, 5.5, or 6.0.
[0015] Preferably, the amount of S4 papain added is 150-450 U / mL, the temperature of the autolysis product is controlled at 50℃-65℃, and the autolysis time of the autolysis product is controlled at 6h-9h.
[0016] Preferably, the enzyme inactivation method of the enzymatic hydrolysis product in step S5 is to inactivate it at 105°C for 15 minutes.
[0017] Preferably, the S6 enzymatic hydrolysis product is centrifuged at 90-120 r / min for 25 min, the supernatant is poured out as yeast extract supernatant, and the remaining precipitate is yeast cell wall supernatant.
[0018] Preferably, the S6 yeast extract is evaporated and concentrated at a temperature of 50°C to 90°C until the solid content of the product obtained after evaporation and concentration is 30% to 35%. The concentrated yeast extract is then spray-dried at an inlet temperature of 130 to 150°C and an outlet temperature of 70 to 90°C to obtain powdered yeast extract. The yeast cell wall heavy liquid is then spray-dried at an inlet temperature of 150 to 160°C and an outlet temperature of 80 to 100°C to obtain powdered yeast cell wall.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0020] The preparation process of this yeast extract involves diluting clean yeast mud (after washing and removing impurities) with water to form a yeast suspension, separating the yeast suspension by sedimentation, discarding the supernatant, adding a debittering agent to the supernatant for debittering and deodorizing treatment, centrifuging to obtain a high-purity yeast supernatant, adding an autolysis promoter to the yeast solution to induce autolysis, and preparing an autolysis product. After centrifugation, the enzymatic hydrolysis product after enzyme inactivation of the autolysis product yields a large amount of yeast extract supernatant, which can be dried into powder. The yeast extract has a high extraction rate. The obtained yeast cell wall by-product has multiple physiological functions such as enhancing immunity, preventing and treating diseases, promoting growth, relieving stress, adsorbing mycotoxins, and supplementing nutrition, and has economic value. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] Example 1
[0023] A process for preparing a yeast extract includes the following steps:
[0024] S1. Dilute the cleaned yeast mud after washing and removing impurities with water to make a 10% yeast suspension. Separate the yeast suspension by sedimentation and pour off the supernatant.
[0025] Specifically, yeast sludge uses waste brewer's yeast or brewer's yeast powder as raw material, making the source of yeast readily available and facilitating production and processing. Several times the volume of pure water is added to the yeast sludge to stir and wash the yeast, and it is washed repeatedly three times. Each time it is washed, it is sieved to remove impurities such as wheat bran and protein debris.
[0026] S2. Take out the supernatant obtained in S1, add a debittering agent to the supernatant for debittering and deodorizing treatment, centrifuge at 2000 r / min for 10 min to obtain a yeast supernatant with higher purity, and then add 3% NaCl autolysis promoter to the yeast liquid.
[0027] S3. The yeast liquid temperature is controlled at 50℃, the autolysis time is 9h, and the pH value is 5.0 to induce yeast autolysis and prepare autolysis products. After centrifugation, the amount of yeast extract clear liquid obtained is small, and the amount of yeast extract dried into powder is also small, resulting in a low extraction rate.
[0028] S4. Add papain to the autolysis product, control the temperature, time and amount of enzyme added to the autolysis product, carry out cell wall disruption yeast enzymatic hydrolysis, and prepare enzymatic hydrolysis product.
[0029] S5. Heat the enzymatic hydrolysis products to inactivate the enzymes.
[0030] S6. Use a centrifuge to separate the enzyme hydrolysis products after enzyme inactivation to obtain yeast cell wall heavy liquid and yeast extract clear liquid. Concentrate and dry the yeast extract clear liquid into powdered yeast extract, and spray dry the yeast cell wall heavy liquid into yeast cell wall by-product.
[0031] Specifically, yeast cell wall products are pale yellow to yellowish-brown powders with no odor. They have multiple physiological functions, such as enhancing immunity, preventing and treating diseases, promoting growth, relieving stress, adsorbing mycotoxins, and supplementing nutrition, and have economic value.
[0032] Furthermore, the debittering agents are 5% sodium bicarbonate solution and 3% NaCl solution, with a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:8-10. The sodium bicarbonate solution effectively removes bitterness, other off-flavors, and yeast taste from the yeast liquid, resulting in a yeast extract product with a strong umami flavor, a mellow taste, a harmonious flavor, and a rich meaty aroma. NaCl has the functions of preservation and flavoring.
[0033] Furthermore, the amount of S4 papain added is 150-450 U / mL, the temperature of the autolysis product is controlled at 50℃-65℃, and the autolysis time of the autolysis product is controlled at 6h-9h. Adding some hydrolytic enzymes after the autolysis begins or after a period of time further facilitates the degradation of proteins and nucleic acids and improves the extraction rate.
[0034] Furthermore, the method for inactivating the enzyme in S5 is to inactivate the enzyme in the enzymatic hydrolysis product at 105°C for 15 minutes.
[0035] Furthermore, the S6 enzymatic hydrolysis product is centrifuged at 90-120 r / min for 25 min, and the supernatant is poured out as yeast extract supernatant, while the remaining precipitate is yeast cell wall supernatant.
[0036] Furthermore, the S6 yeast extract is evaporated and concentrated at a temperature of 50°C to 90°C until the solid content of the product obtained after evaporation and concentration is 30% to 35%. The concentrated yeast extract is then spray-dried at an inlet temperature of 130 to 150°C and an outlet temperature of 70 to 90°C to obtain powdered yeast extract. The yeast cell wall heavy liquid is then spray-dried at an inlet temperature of 150 to 160°C and an outlet temperature of 80 to 100°C to obtain powdered yeast cell wall.
[0037] Example 2
[0038] A process for preparing a yeast extract includes the following steps:
[0039] S1. Dilute the cleaned yeast mud after washing and removing impurities with water to make a 15% yeast suspension. Separate the yeast suspension by sedimentation and pour off the supernatant.
[0040] Specifically, yeast sludge uses waste brewer's yeast or brewer's yeast powder as raw material, making the source of yeast readily available and facilitating production and processing. Several times the volume of pure water is added to the yeast sludge to stir and wash the yeast, and it is washed repeatedly three times. Each time it is washed, it is sieved to remove impurities such as wheat bran and protein debris.
[0041] S2. Take out the supernatant obtained in S1, add a debittering agent to the supernatant for debittering and deodorizing treatment, centrifuge at 2000 r / min for 10 min to obtain a yeast supernatant with higher purity, and then add 4% NaCl autolysis promoter to the yeast liquid.
[0042] S3. Control the temperature of the yeast liquid at 55℃, the autolysis time at 12h, and the pH at 5.5 to induce yeast autolysis and prepare autolysis products. After centrifugation, the enzymatic hydrolysis products obtained after enzyme inactivation yield a large amount of yeast extract, and the amount of yeast extract dried into powder is also large, resulting in a high extraction rate.
[0043] S4. Add papain to the autolysis product, control the temperature, time and amount of enzyme added to the autolysis product, carry out cell wall disruption yeast enzymatic hydrolysis, and prepare enzymatic hydrolysis product.
[0044] S5. Heat the enzymatic hydrolysis products to inactivate the enzymes.
[0045] S6. Use a centrifuge to separate the enzyme hydrolysis products after enzyme inactivation to obtain yeast cell wall heavy liquid and yeast extract clear liquid. Concentrate and dry the yeast extract clear liquid into powdered yeast extract, and spray dry the yeast cell wall heavy liquid into yeast cell wall by-product.
[0046] Specifically, yeast cell wall products are pale yellow to yellowish-brown powders with no odor. They have multiple physiological functions, such as enhancing immunity, preventing and treating diseases, promoting growth, relieving stress, adsorbing mycotoxins, and supplementing nutrition, and have economic value.
[0047] Furthermore, the debittering agents are 5% sodium bicarbonate solution and 3% NaCl solution, with a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:8-10. The sodium bicarbonate solution effectively removes bitterness, other off-flavors, and yeast taste from the yeast liquid, resulting in a yeast extract product with a strong umami flavor, a mellow taste, a harmonious flavor, and a rich meaty aroma. NaCl has the functions of preservation and flavoring.
[0048] Furthermore, the amount of S4 papain added is 150-450 U / mL, the temperature of the autolysis product is controlled at 50℃-65℃, and the autolysis time of the autolysis product is controlled at 6h-9h. Adding some hydrolytic enzymes after the autolysis begins or after a period of time further facilitates the degradation of proteins and nucleic acids and improves the extraction rate.
[0049] Furthermore, the method for inactivating the enzyme in S5 is to inactivate the enzyme in the enzymatic hydrolysis product at 105°C for 15 minutes.
[0050] Furthermore, the S6 enzymatic hydrolysis product is centrifuged at 90-120 r / min for 25 min, and the supernatant is poured out as yeast extract supernatant, while the remaining precipitate is yeast cell wall supernatant.
[0051] Furthermore, the S6 yeast extract is evaporated and concentrated at a temperature of 50°C–90°C until the solid content of the product obtained after evaporation and concentration is 30%–35%. The concentrated yeast extract is then spray-dried at an inlet temperature of 130–150°C and an outlet temperature of 70–90°C to obtain powdered yeast extract. The yeast cell wall heavy liquid is then spray-dried at an inlet temperature of 150–160°C and an outlet temperature of 80–100°C to obtain powdered yeast cell wall.
[0052] Example 3
[0053] A process for preparing a yeast extract includes the following steps:
[0054] S1. Dilute the cleaned yeast mud after washing and removing impurities with water to make a 20% yeast suspension. Separate the yeast suspension by sedimentation and pour off the supernatant.
[0055] Specifically, yeast sludge uses waste brewer's yeast or brewer's yeast powder as raw material, making the source of yeast readily available and facilitating production and processing. Several times the volume of pure water is added to the yeast sludge to stir and wash the yeast, and it is washed repeatedly three times. Each time it is washed, it is sieved to remove impurities such as wheat bran and protein debris.
[0056] S2. Take out the supernatant obtained in S1, add a debittering agent to the supernatant for debittering and deodorizing treatment, centrifuge at 2000 r / min for 10 min to obtain a yeast supernatant with higher purity, and then add 5% NaCl autolysis promoter to the yeast liquid.
[0057] S3. The yeast liquid temperature is controlled at 60℃, the autolysis time is 15h, and the pH value is 6.0 to induce yeast autolysis and prepare autolysis products. After centrifugation, the enzymatic hydrolysis products after enzyme inactivation yield a large amount of yeast extract liquid, while the amount of yeast extract dried into powder is small, resulting in a low extraction rate.
[0058] S4. Add papain to the autolysis product, control the temperature, time and amount of enzyme added to the autolysis product, carry out cell wall disruption yeast enzymatic hydrolysis, and prepare enzymatic hydrolysis product.
[0059] S5. Heat the enzymatic hydrolysis products to inactivate the enzymes.
[0060] S6. Use a centrifuge to separate the enzyme hydrolysis products after enzyme inactivation to obtain yeast cell wall heavy liquid and yeast extract clear liquid. Concentrate and dry the yeast extract clear liquid into powdered yeast extract, and spray dry the yeast cell wall heavy liquid into yeast cell wall by-product.
[0061] Specifically, yeast cell wall products are pale yellow to yellowish-brown powders with no odor. They have multiple physiological functions, such as enhancing immunity, preventing and treating diseases, promoting growth, relieving stress, adsorbing mycotoxins, and supplementing nutrition, and have economic value.
[0062] Furthermore, the debittering agents are 5% sodium bicarbonate solution and 3% NaCl solution, with a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:8-10. The sodium bicarbonate solution effectively removes bitterness, other off-flavors, and yeast taste from the yeast liquid, resulting in a yeast extract product with a strong umami flavor, a mellow taste, a harmonious flavor, and a rich meaty aroma. NaCl has the functions of preservation and flavoring.
[0063] Furthermore, the amount of S4 papain added is 150-450 U / mL, the temperature of the autolysis product is controlled at 50℃-65℃, and the autolysis time of the autolysis product is controlled at 6h-9h. Adding some hydrolytic enzymes after the autolysis begins or after a period of time further facilitates the degradation of proteins and nucleic acids and improves the extraction rate.
[0064] Furthermore, the method for inactivating the enzyme in S5 is to inactivate the enzyme in the enzymatic hydrolysis product at 105°C for 15 minutes.
[0065] Furthermore, the S6 enzymatic hydrolysis product is centrifuged at 90-120 r / min for 25 min, and the supernatant is poured out as yeast extract supernatant, while the remaining precipitate is yeast cell wall supernatant.
[0066] Furthermore, the S6 yeast extract is evaporated and concentrated at a temperature of 50°C to 90°C until the solid content of the product obtained after evaporation and concentration is 30% to 35%. The concentrated yeast extract is then spray-dried at an inlet temperature of 130 to 150°C and an outlet temperature of 70 to 90°C to obtain powdered yeast extract. The yeast cell wall heavy liquid is then spray-dried at an inlet temperature of 150 to 160°C and an outlet temperature of 80 to 100°C to obtain powdered yeast cell wall.
[0067] This invention involves diluting clean yeast sludge, after washing and removing impurities, with water to form a yeast suspension. The yeast suspension is then subjected to sedimentation separation, and the supernatant is discarded. A debittering agent is added to the supernatant for debittering and deodorization. Centrifugation yields a high-purity yeast supernatant. An autolysis promoter is then added to the yeast solution to induce autolysis and prepare an autolysis product. Papain is added to the autolysis product, and the temperature, time, and enzyme dosage are controlled to perform enzymatic hydrolysis of the yeast cells, preparing an enzymatic hydrolysis product. The enzymatic hydrolysis product is then subjected to heat treatment to inactivate the enzyme. A centrifuge is used to separate the enzyme-inactivated hydrolysis product, obtaining a yeast extract supernatant. This yeast extract supernatant is then concentrated and dried into a powdered yeast extract. This process yields a large quantity of yeast extract supernatant, a large quantity of dried powdered yeast extract, and a high extraction rate.
[0068] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A process for preparing yeast extract, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Dilute the cleaned yeast mud after washing and removing impurities with water to form a yeast suspension. Separate the yeast suspension by sedimentation and pour off the supernatant. S2. Take out the supernatant obtained in S1, add a debittering agent to the supernatant for debittering and deodorizing treatment, centrifuge at 2000 r / min for 10 min to obtain a yeast supernatant with higher purity, and then add autolysis promoter NaCl to the yeast liquid. S3. Control the temperature, time, and pH of the yeast solution to induce yeast autolysis and prepare autolysis products; S4. Add papain to the autolysis product, control the temperature, time and amount of enzyme added to the autolysis product, carry out cell wall disruption yeast enzymatic hydrolysis, and prepare enzymatic hydrolysis product. S5. Heat the enzymatic hydrolysis products to inactivate the enzymes. S6. Use a centrifuge to separate the enzyme hydrolysis products after enzyme inactivation to obtain yeast cell wall heavy liquid and yeast extract clear liquid. Concentrate and dry the yeast extract clear liquid into powdered yeast extract, and spray dry the yeast cell wall heavy liquid into yeast cell wall by-product.
2. The preparation process of yeast extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 yeast sludge is made from waste brewer's yeast or brewer's yeast powder, and the proportions of the yeast suspension are 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively.
3. The preparation process of yeast extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S2 debittering agent is a 5% sodium bicarbonate solution and a 3% NaCl solution, with a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:8 to 10. The self-dissolving accelerator NaCl is added at 3%, 4%, and 5%.
4. The preparation process of yeast extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 temperature is 50℃, 55℃, and 60℃, the S3 autolysis time is 9h, 12h, and 15h, and the S3 pH is 5.0, 5.5, and 6.
0.
5. The preparation process of yeast extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of S4 papain added is 150-450 U / mL, the temperature of the autolysis product is controlled at 50°C-65°C, and the autolysis time of the autolysis product is controlled at 6-9 hours.
6. The preparation process of yeast extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for inactivating the enzyme hydrolysis product by S5 is to inactivate it at 105℃ for 15 minutes.
7. The preparation process of yeast extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S6 enzymatic hydrolysis product was centrifuged at 90-120 r / min for 25 min, and the supernatant was poured out as the yeast extract supernatant, while the remaining precipitate was the yeast cell wall supernatant.
8. The preparation process of yeast extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S6 yeast extract is evaporated and concentrated at a temperature of 50°C to 90°C until the solid content of the product obtained after evaporation and concentration is 30% to 35%. The concentrated yeast extract is then spray-dried at an inlet temperature of 130 to 150°C and an outlet temperature of 70 to 90°C to obtain powdered yeast extract. The yeast cell wall heavy liquid is then spray-dried at an inlet temperature of 150 to 160°C and an outlet temperature of 80 to 100°C to obtain powdered yeast cell wall.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Preparation method of yeast extract
CN116396862A