Intelligent skin flap microcirculation detection system and method based on compression air bag

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to an intelligent skin flap microcirculation detection system and method based on a compression air bag, and belongs to the technical field of skin flap microcirculation detection. Comprising an intelligent compression air bag module, the intelligent compression air bag module comprises an air bag made of a flexible biocompatible material, and the air bag is connected with an intelligent pressure control valve and used for applying controllable pressure to a skin flap area; the microcirculation detection module is connected with the intelligent compression air bag module and used for collecting microcirculation related sensing data of the skin flap tissue; the intelligent data analysis module is used for receiving and analyzing the sensing data acquired by the microcirculation detection module and transmitting an analysis result to the mobile terminal equipment; and the closed-loop adjustment and early warning module is in communication connection with the intelligent data analysis module and is used for dynamically adjusting the pressure of the air bag according to an analysis result and giving out an early warning when an abnormal microcirculation state is detected. According to the application, real-time and accurate monitoring and intelligent regulation and control of microcirculation after skin flap transplantation are realized, so that the survival rate of skin flaps is improved, and the risk of complications is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application specifically relates to an intelligent flap microcirculation detection system and method based on a compression airbag, belonging to the field of flap microcirculation detection technology. Background Technology

[0002] Skin flap transplantation is a key technique for repairing soft tissue defects and is widely used in plastic surgery, wound repair, and burn treatment. The success of this technique largely depends on the postoperative microcirculation status of the flap, as its survival rate is directly affected by its blood supply. However, current microcirculation monitoring technologies have significant limitations in terms of real-time performance, quantitative analysis, and intelligent control.

[0003] Current technologies lack real-time and quantitative methods for detecting microcirculation. Postoperative blood flow assessment is mainly performed through manual observation (such as flap color, capillary refill time, temperature changes, and exudation) and handheld Doppler ultrasound. These methods are highly dependent on the doctor's experience, subjective, and cannot provide continuous microcirculation data, making it difficult to detect and address insufficient blood supply in a timely manner.

[0004] Meanwhile, there are also challenges in accurately assessing the blood supply to the flap. Traditional monitoring tools, such as laser Doppler flowmeters and tissue oxygen saturation monitors (NIRS), can only provide local blood flow information, cannot achieve dynamic pressure assessment, and do not support precise adjustments under different blood supply conditions. This limits a comprehensive understanding of the flap's microcirculation status and its subsequent management.

[0005] Furthermore, the need for postoperative interventions is particularly urgent. When insufficient blood supply to the flap occurs, current methods mainly rely on empirical adjustments (such as changing the patient's position, reducing flap tension, and improving systemic circulation). However, these methods lack intelligent control mechanisms and cannot actively intervene in the flap's microcirculation, increasing the risk of postoperative complications and flap necrosis.

[0006] Therefore, the urgent technical challenges include: how to achieve real-time, accurate, and intelligent detection of flap microcirculation status and provide quantitative assessment indicators to ensure adequate blood supply; how to optimize blood supply by intelligently adjusting flap pressure or blood flow based on microcirculation detection results; and how to construct flap microcirculation data models to use intelligent analysis to provide early warnings of ischemia or congestion, and assist in developing personalized intervention plans. Solving these problems will greatly improve the success rate of flap transplantation surgery and reduce postoperative complications. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0008] Therefore, this application provides an intelligent flap microcirculation detection system and method based on a compression airbag, which solves the problem of how to achieve real-time, accurate monitoring and intelligent regulation of microcirculation after flap transplantation, so as to improve flap survival rate and reduce the risk of complications.

[0009] This application provides an intelligent flap microcirculation detection system based on a compression airbag, comprising: The intelligent compression airbag module includes an airbag made of flexible biocompatible material, which is connected to an intelligent pressure control valve for applying controllable pressure to the flap area. The microcirculation detection module is connected to the intelligent compression airbag module. The microcirculation detection module includes a spectral sensor array for collecting microcirculation-related sensing data of the flap tissue. The intelligent data analysis module is used to receive and analyze the sensor data collected by the microcirculation detection module, identify the microcirculation status of the skin flap, and transmit the analysis results to the mobile device. The closed-loop regulation and early warning module communicates with the intelligent data analysis module to dynamically adjust the airbag pressure based on the analysis results and issue an early warning when an abnormal microcirculation state is detected.

[0010] In some possible embodiments, preferably, the intelligent pressure control valve can adjust the pressure intensity of the airbag in real time based on the sensor data collected by the microcirculation detection module.

[0011] In some possible embodiments, preferably, the microcirculation detection module includes: Sensor components are used to collect physiological parameters related to microcirculation in the flap area; The data acquisition chip is used to periodically collect the output data of the sensor components and transmit it to the mobile device wirelessly or via wired means.

[0012] In some possible embodiments, the sensor assembly preferably includes: A spectral sensing array, including an infrared light sensor and a laser Doppler blood flow sensor, is installed inside the airbag or around the skin flap. Temperature sensor used to monitor changes in the surface temperature of the skin flap; A humidity sensor is used to monitor changes in humidity around the skin flap; both the temperature and humidity sensors are fixed to the surface of the skin flap or the distal end of the skin flap.

[0013] In some possible embodiments, preferably, the acquisition frequency of the data acquisition chip is adjustable.

[0014] In some possible embodiments, preferably, the closed-loop regulation and early warning module automatically adjusts the airbag pressure based on the analysis results and activates an alarm.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an intelligent flap microcirculation detection method based on a compression airbag, including: The intelligent compression airbag module releases and assembles an airbag around the skin flap; The microcirculation detection module is used to acquire surface temperature, humidity and other relevant sensor data of the flap to assess local blood flow. The intelligent data analysis module analyzes the sensor data to obtain analysis results, including the degree of congestion or ischemia. The sensor data and analysis results are sent to the host computer, and the airbag pressure is adaptively adjusted based on the analysis results. If an abnormal blood supply is detected, an alarm is triggered, and intelligent adjustment suggestions are provided through the closed-loop regulation and early warning module.

[0016] In some possible embodiments, preferably, the specific steps of using an intelligent data analysis module to analyze sensor data and obtain analysis results include: Receive and store sensor data; Based on machine learning models, sensor data is classified to identify blood supply status as normal, ischemic, or congested. A skin flap microcirculation health model was generated, and historical data were used to predict the risk index of abnormal blood supply.

[0017] In some possible embodiments, preferably, the specific steps for sending the sensing data and analysis results to the host computer include: The sensor data and analysis results are sent to the doctor's terminal device in real time; It provides a visual interface that displays the real-time blood flow curve of the flap, tissue oxygen saturation level, and abnormal warning prompts.

[0018] In some possible embodiments, preferably, the steps of adaptively adjusting the airbag pressure based on the analysis results include: Based on sensor data, the blood supply status of the flap is calculated in real time; If insufficient blood supply is detected, the pressure of the airbag is reduced to promote blood flow; If a risk of congestion is detected, the pressure of the air bladder is increased to reduce tissue edema.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided in this application has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) Overcoming the limitations of postoperative microcirculation monitoring relying on manual observation: Traditional postoperative monitoring methods rely on the experience and judgment of medical staff, which has the problem of strong subjectivity. However, this invention uses multi-sensor fusion (spectrum, blood flow, temperature, humidity) and combined with AI data analysis to provide objective, real-time and continuous blood supply assessment.

[0020] (2) Achieving early identification and automatic regulation of postoperative blood supply abnormalities: Traditional methods often can only intervene when symptoms are obvious, resulting in missing the best treatment opportunity. This system can intervene early before abnormalities occur by intelligently regulating the airbag pressure.

[0021] (3) Enables remote postoperative monitoring and data-driven individualized treatment: Supports wireless data transmission, allowing doctors to remotely view the blood supply to the flap and adjust postoperative management strategies in real time according to the actual situation, thus improving the individualized precision of treatment.

[0022] (4) Optimize postoperative care and improve the efficiency of medical resource utilization: The system can automatically record and analyze blood supply data, provide medical staff with detailed postoperative recovery curves, reduce unnecessary manual examination work, and improve the efficiency of nursing work.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an intelligent flap microcirculation detection system based on a compression airbag, according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an intelligent flap microcirculation detection method based on a compression airbag, according to some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 2 This application describes an intelligent flap microcirculation detection system and method based on a compression airbag, according to some embodiments thereof.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 This application provides an intelligent flap microcirculation detection system based on a compression airbag, comprising: Intelligent compression airbag module 101: includes an airbag made of flexible biocompatible material, the airbag being connected to an intelligent pressure control valve for applying controllable pressure to the flap area; Microcirculation detection module 102: connected to the intelligent compression airbag module, the microcirculation detection module includes a spectral sensor array for collecting microcirculation-related sensing data of the flap tissue; Intelligent data analysis module 103: used to receive and analyze the sensor data collected by the microcirculation detection module, identify the microcirculation status of the skin flap, and transmit the analysis results to the mobile device; Closed-loop regulation and early warning module 104: It is connected to the intelligent data analysis module to dynamically adjust the airbag pressure according to the analysis results and issue an early warning when an abnormal microcirculation state is detected.

[0029] In this embodiment, the intelligent compression airbag module, connected to the microcirculation detection module, is used to fix an inflatable and deflated compression airbag made of flexible biocompatible material around the skin flap to apply controlled pressure in a non-invasive manner. It is equipped with an intelligent pressure control valve to automatically adjust the inflation and deflation pressures, simulating different blood flow resistances and testing the microcirculation response of the skin flap. The microcirculation detection module, connected to the intelligent data analysis module, is used to detect the oxygen saturation and microvascular perfusion of the skin flap tissue through a spectral sensor array; and to monitor the surface temperature and humidity of the skin flap in real time through temperature and humidity sensors to assess local blood flow. The intelligent data analysis module is connected to the closed-loop regulation and early warning module. This system uses an embedded AI processing chip to perform trend analysis on sensor data based on machine learning algorithms, identifying insufficient blood supply or congestion. A wireless data transmission module sends data in real-time to the doctor, allowing them to view flap blood flow status via a mobile app or computer terminal, and providing warnings and treatment suggestions. A closed-loop regulation and warning module, connected to the intelligent data analysis module, intelligently adjusts the pressure of the compression balloon based on microcirculation detection data to optimize flap blood supply. When a postoperative warning system detects abnormal blood supply, it notifies the doctor via a wireless alarm module and provides intelligent adjustment suggestions, including reducing external tension, adjusting the patient's position, or increasing local temperature.

[0030] In some possible embodiments, the intelligent pressure control valve can adjust the pressure intensity of the airbag in real time based on the sensor data collected by the microcirculation detection module.

[0031] In this embodiment, the intelligent compression airbag uses flexible biocompatible materials, such as medical silicone or polyurethane, to ensure that prolonged contact with the skin will not cause allergies or pressure damage. At the same time, the compression airbag is designed as a wraparound or locally attached structure, and its shape can be adjusted according to different flap areas to adapt to various flaps, such as free flaps, fascia flaps, perforator flaps, etc. Its internal integrated inflation and deflation chamber can precisely control the pressure applied around the flap. Furthermore, the intelligent compression airbag module integrates a micro air pump and an intelligent pressure control valve, which can adjust the inflation or deflation rate according to microcirculation data; the airbag is equipped with a high-precision pressure sensor to monitor the airbag pressure around the skin flap in real time and ensure that the applied pressure is stable within the preset range, avoiding excessive compression that could lead to ischemia or relaxation that could affect the detection. Furthermore, the intelligent compression module in this embodiment is designed with microcirculation response simulation. By periodically adjusting the airbag pressure, different pressure levels (such as 5 mmHg → 10 mmHg → 15 mmHg) are applied to simulate different blood flow resistance. It can observe the blood flow changes of the flap under different pressure conditions, form a flap microcirculation dynamic response curve, and perform data analysis in conjunction with the microcirculation detection module.

[0032] In some possible embodiments, the microcirculation detection module includes: a sensor assembly for collecting microcirculation-related physiological parameters of the flap area; and a data acquisition chip for periodically collecting the output data of the sensor assembly and transmitting it to a mobile device wirelessly or via a wired connection.

[0033] Furthermore, the sensor assembly includes: a spectral sensing array, including an infrared light sensor and a laser Doppler blood flow sensor; mounted inside the airbag or around the flap; a temperature sensor for monitoring changes in the surface temperature of the flap; and a humidity sensor for monitoring changes in the humidity of the environment surrounding the flap; both the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are fixed to the surface of the flap or the distal end of the flap.

[0034] In this embodiment, a near-infrared light sensor and a laser Doppler blood flow sensor are attached to the inside of the compression airbag or around the skin flap to detect microvascular blood perfusion. The near-infrared light sensor measures the oxygen saturation of the skin flap tissue, reflecting the adequacy of blood supply to the flap. The laser Doppler blood flow sensor measures the blood flow velocity and volume of microvessels to dynamically assess the patency of microcirculation in the skin flap. The sensor is fixed to the surface of the skin flap or the distal end of the skin flap to monitor changes in surface temperature and local humidity. When blood supply decreases, the temperature decreases; when blood flow is insufficient, dryness occurs; and when congestion occurs, exudation occurs.

[0035] In some possible implementations, the acquisition frequency of the data acquisition chip is adjustable.

[0036] In this embodiment, the embedded data acquisition chip is responsible for periodically collecting all sensor data and sending it to the doctor's terminal device via a wireless data transmission module; the acquisition frequency is adjustable, including once every 10 seconds / 30 seconds / 1 minute, and can be dynamically adjusted according to postoperative monitoring needs.

[0037] Furthermore, in the intelligent data analysis module, a machine learning-based microcirculation analysis model is employed, inputting the following multimodal data: tissue oxygen saturation detected by a near-infrared light sensor; microvascular blood flow perfusion parameters from a laser Doppler blood flow sensor; skin flap surface temperature and humidity data; and blood flow trends of the skin flap under different pressure conditions. Next, AI algorithms, such as random forest, support vector machine (SVM), and long short-term memory network (LSTM), are used to analyze the data, predicting whether the skin flap blood supply is sufficient and providing classification labels of ischemia, normal, or congestion. The next step is to identify skin flap microcirculation abnormalities, automatically detecting ischemia or congestion based on historical monitoring data and calculating a risk index for abnormal blood supply. Finally, remote data visualization is performed; via wireless transmission, doctors can view skin flap blood supply data on an app or computer, displaying real-time blood flow curves, microcirculation assessment indicators, and abnormal warning prompts.

[0038] In some possible implementations, the closed-loop regulation and early warning module automatically adjusts the airbag pressure based on the analysis results and activates an alarm.

[0039] In this embodiment, the system implements intelligent automatic pressure regulation and early warning functions. Combined with telemedicine, it significantly improves the accuracy and response efficiency of postoperative flap microcirculation management. Firstly, regarding intelligent automatic pressure regulation, the system analyzes AI data to determine the flap's blood supply status in real time and automatically adjusts the pressure of the intelligent compression balloon. When insufficient blood supply is detected, the system appropriately reduces the balloon pressure to reduce external pressure on blood vessels and promote local blood flow recovery. Conversely, when there is a risk of congestion, the system moderately increases the balloon pressure to reduce venous stasis, prevent tissue edema, and thus maintain a stable blood supply to the flap area.

[0040] Meanwhile, the system has a built-in intelligent early warning mechanism with clearly defined safe blood supply ranges: tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) >80% is normal, 60%-80% is the warning range, and below 60% is considered a dangerous state. Once the monitored data exceeds the set threshold, the system will automatically trigger the early warning mechanism, notifying doctors via APP push or SMS, such as prompting "Insufficient blood supply detected in the flap, it is recommended to check the anastomosis"; at the same time, it will activate voice alarms or vibration reminders to ensure that medical staff can detect abnormalities and intervene in a timely manner.

[0041] Furthermore, this embodiment also supports remote doctor intervention, allowing doctors to access the system remotely via a dedicated app and make personalized adjustments based on the patient's real-time status. For example, doctors can manually adjust the pressure of the compression cuff or reset alarm thresholds according to individual patient differences, achieving precise remote intervention. This function not only improves the flexibility and response speed of postoperative management but also effectively reduces the on-site workload of medical staff, making postoperative flap care more intelligent, personalized, and efficient.

[0042] This embodiment achieves several innovations: real-time detection combined with intelligent analysis makes the assessment of flap microcirculation status more accurate than traditional experience, significantly reducing the possibility of misjudgment; the automatic blood supply pressure adjustment function realizes intelligent closed-loop microcirculation regulation for the first time, avoiding problems caused by ischemia or congestion; the remote monitoring and early warning mechanism not only reduces patients' hospital stay but also lowers the incidence of postoperative complications and improves flap survival rate; personalized adjustment allows doctors to remotely control treatment plans, providing more precise medical services, thereby improving postoperative recovery. Throughout the process, the system automatically and continuously monitors flap microcirculation data (such as tissue oxygen saturation, blood flow velocity, local temperature, etc.) and takes corresponding measures when abnormalities are detected. For example, when insufficient blood supply is detected, the airbag pressure is released or local heating is applied to improve blood supply; when there is a risk of congestion, the airbag pressure is increased to reduce edema. In addition, through wireless transmission technology, early warning data can be sent to the doctor's end in real time, allowing the doctor to remotely view the patient's condition and guide adjustments to the treatment plan at any time. Within 72 hours post-surgery, the system will continuously generate microcirculation recovery curves to help analyze flap blood supply trends. After discharge, remote monitoring will continue to protect the patient's health, further reducing the incidence of complications. This series of technological advancements not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of clinical procedures but also brings patients a better treatment experience and improved recovery prospects.

[0043] Secondly, please refer to Figure 2 This application provides an intelligent flap microcirculation detection method based on a compression airbag, comprising: Step S201: Deploy and assemble an airbag around the skin flap using the intelligent compression airbag module; Step S202: Use the microcirculation detection module to acquire surface temperature, humidity and other relevant sensor data of the flap to assess the local blood flow status; Step S203: Analyze the sensor data using the intelligent data analysis module to obtain analysis results; the analysis results include congestion or ischemia status; Step S204: Send the sensor data and analysis results to the host computer, and adaptively adjust the airbag pressure according to the analysis results; Step S205: If an abnormal blood supply is detected, an alarm is triggered, and intelligent adjustment suggestions are provided through the closed-loop regulation and early warning module.

[0044] In this embodiment, the intelligent compression balloon is made of flexible biocompatible material, which can conform to the tissue surrounding the skin flap and apply controllable pressure in a non-invasive manner. Its core components include: an intelligent inflation / deflation system: the balloon is equipped with an intelligent pressure control valve that automatically adjusts the pressure according to the blood supply to the skin flap, ensuring that external pressure neither obstructs blood flow nor excessively reduces tissue edema; a dynamic pressure feedback mechanism: the system can adaptively adjust the balloon's inflation / deflation state based on real-time microcirculation monitoring data, providing personalized pressure control at different stages. For example, when blood supply is insufficient, pressure is appropriately released to increase local blood flow; when blood flow is excessive, pressure is appropriately increased to prevent exudation and edema; and a safe pressure limit protection system: a built-in pressure sensor ensures that the applied pressure is always within a safe range, preventing secondary damage to the skin flap's blood supply.

[0045] The introduction of this module overcomes the instability of manually adjusting external pressure in traditional nursing methods, and realizes the precision and automation of postoperative pressure control.

[0046] Furthermore, the microcirculation detection module combines optical sensing, temperature monitoring, and blood flow monitoring technologies to comprehensively assess the tissue perfusion status of the flap and ensure the stability of postoperative blood supply.

[0047] Spectral sensor array, near-infrared light (NIRS) sensor: utilizes the tissue-penetrating properties of near-infrared light to measure tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) of the skin flap in real time to determine the microcirculation oxygen supply; laser Doppler blood flow sensor: utilizes the laser scattering effect to measure the flow velocity of red blood cells in microvessels, providing hemodynamic data to determine blood supply stability.

[0048] Temperature and humidity sensors: Temperature monitoring: Real-time recording of flap surface temperature to assess local vascular dilation or constriction and identify abnormal blood supply; Humidity monitoring: Used to monitor changes in local humidity around the flap after surgery to determine if there are early signs of tissue edema or flap necrosis.

[0049] The data from this module will be used to build a healthy microcirculation model of the flap and compare it with historical data to predict blood flow obstruction in advance, ensuring the scientific nature and accuracy of postoperative management.

[0050] In some possible embodiments, the intelligent data analysis module is used to analyze sensor data and obtain analysis results. The specific steps include: receiving and storing sensor data; classifying the sensor data based on a machine learning model to identify whether the blood supply status is normal, ischemic, or congested; generating a skin flap microcirculation health model and combining it with historical data to predict the risk index of abnormal blood supply.

[0051] In some possible embodiments, the specific steps of sending the sensing data and analysis results to the host computer include: sending the sensing data and analysis results to the doctor's terminal device in real time; providing a visualization interface to display the real-time blood flow change curve of the flap, tissue oxygen saturation level, and abnormal warning prompts.

[0052] In this embodiment, an embedded AI processing chip is installed, which can perform deep learning analysis on multi-sensor data and provide intelligent early warning and personalized treatment plans.

[0053] AI-powered intelligent trend analysis: Through deep learning algorithms, it analyzes skin flap microcirculation data, establishes an individualized blood flow change trend model, and detects early signs of abnormal blood supply in advance.

[0054] By employing time series analysis and combining historical data on flap blood supply, the blood flow risk assessment model was dynamically adjusted to optimize postoperative care.

[0055] Through big data training, the AI ​​model can automatically learn the impact of different surgical types and patient physical conditions on blood supply patterns, making the early warning system more accurate.

[0056] Wireless data transmission and remote monitoring: The system can transmit the collected data to the doctor's terminal in real time via wireless Bluetooth or WiFi. The doctor can remotely view the patient's blood flow status through a mobile APP or computer terminal.

[0057] After the surgery, doctors can remotely provide adjustment plans based on AI-analyzed data, such as adjusting pressure, optimizing body position, and adjusting temperature, to ensure smooth blood flow to the skin flap and reduce the risk of surgical failure.

[0058] The system supports cloud storage and enables data retrospective analysis, providing data support for clinical research and postoperative management.

[0059] The introduction of this module allows doctors to monitor patients' postoperative recovery in real time, even when they are not in the ward, significantly improving the convenience and safety of postoperative management.

[0060] In some possible embodiments, the specific steps of adaptively adjusting the airbag pressure based on the analysis results include: Based on sensor data, the blood supply status of the flap is calculated in real time; if insufficient blood supply is detected, the pressure of the airbag is reduced to promote blood flow; if the risk of congestion is detected, the pressure of the airbag is increased to reduce tissue edema.

[0061] In some embodiments, a closed-loop control algorithm is employed to automatically adjust the pressure of the compression balloon based on real-time detection data and provide intelligent early warning, ensuring the stability of blood supply after flap surgery.

[0062] Automatic pressure regulation algorithm: Combining AI analysis results, the system can intelligently adjust the pressure of the compression airbag to optimize the blood supply to the flap: If the blood supply is insufficient (reduced blood flow velocity, decreased tissue oxygen saturation), the external pressure is reduced to increase the blood flow to the flap. If there is a risk of congestion (abnormally increased blood flow velocity, capillary leakage), the pressure is appropriately increased to reduce tissue edema.

[0063] In addition, the system can automatically adjust the pressure range according to the patient's position and postoperative recovery to avoid blood supply obstruction caused by prolonged fixed position.

[0064] Postoperative early warning system: Early warning data can be directly pushed to the doctor's end via a wireless alarm module, allowing the doctor to view abnormal data at any time and guide adjustments to the treatment plan. After surgery, the system categorizes the detected abnormal data and generates a postoperative recovery assessment report to help doctors optimize personalized care plans.

[0065] The application of this module transforms postoperative management from passive nursing to proactive early warning and real-time intervention, ensuring stable blood supply to the flap and reducing the incidence of postoperative complications.

[0066] For example, in one possible implementation, during the preoperative preparation phase, the physician sets a monitoring plan based on the flap type and installs a compression balloon and sensors. At this time, the physician needs to set individualized parameters based on the flap transplantation type and blood supply pattern, including target blood flow, tissue oxygen saturation, and safe pressure range, and calibrate the microcirculation sensors to ensure the accuracy of subsequent monitoring data. During intraoperative monitoring, the system starts and records baseline microcirculation data, while simultaneously performing pressure tests to assess vascular reserve capacity. Dynamic pressure testing observes the flap's response to pressure changes, providing a predictive basis for postoperative blood supply risk. During the critical 24-hour postoperative period, the system continuously collects data and automatically alarms upon detecting any abnormal blood supply, allowing the physician to adjust the treatment plan promptly or directly adjust the pressure of the compression balloon to optimize flap blood supply. For discharged patients, the system supports remote follow-up for up to 37 days to continue monitoring the flap's microcirculation status, effectively reducing the risk of postoperative flap necrosis.

[0067] Furthermore, preoperatively, doctors customized target blood flow, tissue oxygen saturation, and safe pressure ranges based on the flap's blood supply pattern and the patient's individual differences. This ensured that intraoperative and postoperative monitoring data were targeted. This personalized approach is more accurate and clinically applicable than the traditional "fixed threshold alarm" mode, significantly reducing false alarm rates and unnecessary interventions. Intraoperatively, intelligent spectral analysis technology was used to establish flap baseline data, and dynamic pressure testing was used to assess vascular reserve function. Experiments showed that the baseline data assessed intraoperatively was highly correlated with the actual postoperative blood supply (r>0.85), enabling early prediction of postoperative insufficient blood supply or congestion risks, enhancing the predictability of postoperative management. Postoperatively, the system achieved continuous monitoring and closed-loop control, automatically intervening when abnormalities were detected. For example, automatically releasing balloon pressure and providing local heating when blood supply was insufficient could increase local blood flow by approximately 20%-35%, while moderately increasing balloon pressure when there was a risk of congestion helped reduce tissue edema, resulting in a reduction of postoperative edema incidence by approximately 40%.

[0068] Furthermore, this application's embodiments support wireless data transmission and real-time monitoring by the doctor, avoiding delayed diagnosis of complications due to insufficient postoperative monitoring. Remote data analysis shows that the system can provide continuous blood flow trend analysis during the critical recovery period, allowing doctors to detect potential blood supply abnormalities 12-24 hours in advance, thus improving the success rate of rescue. After patient discharge, cloud data storage and remote sensor monitoring enable long-term follow-up. Postoperative data analysis shows that the system can accurately predict flap recovery as early as the 7th postoperative day, with a prediction accuracy rate of over 85%. Remote monitoring of patient blood flow changes and automatic alerts to patients and attending physicians upon detection of blood supply abnormalities effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative remote complications by approximately 30%-50%. In summary, compared with traditional nursing models, this invention provides a data-driven postoperative management approach, which not only reduces the workload of medical staff but also significantly improves the success rate of flap transplantation, providing a safer and more efficient solution for clinical practice.

[0069] This embodiment focuses on microcirculation monitoring and intelligent closed-loop regulation after flap transplantation, and is widely applicable to surgical fields such as plastic surgery, trauma repair, burn repair, head and neck reconstruction, and limb reconstruction. Its aim is to improve flap survival rates and reduce postoperative complications. Related products include: an intelligent microcirculation monitoring system integrating spectral analysis, blood flow monitoring, and temperature sensor modules for dynamic postoperative blood supply assessment; an intelligent compression balloon that automatically adjusts pressure to optimize local blood flow and improve flap survival rates; a remote monitoring platform that allows physicians to view patient blood flow changes in real time via wireless data transmission and remotely adjust treatment plans; and a closed-loop blood supply regulation system that combines AI algorithms and dynamic pressure control for automatic postoperative intervention. This system effectively reduces the workload of manual monitoring and improves treatment accuracy.

[0070] In this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0071] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0072] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The term "multiple" refers to two or more, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0073] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0074] In this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An intelligent flap microcirculation detection system based on a compression airbag, characterized in that, include: The intelligent compression airbag module includes an airbag made of a flexible biocompatible material, the airbag being connected to an intelligent pressure control valve for applying controllable pressure to the flap area; A microcirculation detection module is connected to the intelligent compression airbag module. The microcirculation detection module includes a spectral sensor array for collecting microcirculation-related sensing data of the flap tissue. The intelligent data analysis module is used to receive and analyze the sensor data collected by the microcirculation detection module, identify the microcirculation status of the skin flap, and transmit the analysis results to the mobile device. The closed-loop regulation and early warning module is communicatively connected to the intelligent data analysis module. It is used to dynamically adjust the airbag pressure based on the analysis results and issue an early warning when an abnormal microcirculation state is detected.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent pressure control valve can adjust the pressure intensity of the airbag in real time based on the sensor data collected by the microcirculation detection module.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcirculation detection module includes: Sensor components are used to collect physiological parameters related to microcirculation in the flap area; The data acquisition chip is used to periodically collect the output data of the sensor components and transmit it to the mobile device wirelessly or via wired means.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sensor assembly includes: A spectral sensing array, including an infrared light sensor and a laser Doppler blood flow sensor, is installed inside the airbag or around the skin flap. Temperature sensor used to monitor changes in the surface temperature of the skin flap; A humidity sensor is used to monitor changes in humidity around the skin flap; both the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are fixed to the surface of the skin flap or the distal end of the skin flap.

5. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The acquisition frequency of the data acquisition chip is adjustable.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The closed-loop regulation and early warning module automatically adjusts the pressure of the airbag based on the analysis results and activates the alarm.

7. An intelligent flap microcirculation detection method based on a compression airbag, applied to the intelligent flap microcirculation detection system based on a compression airbag as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the steps... include: The intelligent compression airbag module releases and assembles an airbag around the skin flap; The microcirculation detection module is used to acquire surface temperature, humidity and other relevant sensor data of the flap to assess local blood flow. The sensor data is analyzed using an intelligent data analysis module to obtain analysis results; wherein, the analysis results include congestion or ischemia. The sensor data and analysis results are sent to the host computer, and the pressure of the airbag is adaptively adjusted according to the analysis results. If an abnormal blood supply is detected, an alarm is triggered, and intelligent adjustment suggestions are provided through the closed-loop regulation and early warning module.

8. The detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific steps for analyzing the sensor data using the intelligent data analysis module to obtain analysis results include: Receive and store the sensor data; The sensor data is classified based on a machine learning model to identify the blood supply status as normal, ischemic, or congested. A skin flap microcirculation health model was generated, and historical data were used to predict the risk index of abnormal blood supply.

9. The detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific steps for sending the sensing data and analysis results to the host computer include: The sensor data and analysis results are sent to the doctor's terminal device in real time; It provides a visual interface that displays the real-time blood flow curve of the flap, tissue oxygen saturation level, and abnormal warning prompts.

10. The detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific steps of adaptively adjusting the pressure of the airbag based on the analysis results include: Based on the sensor data, the blood supply status of the flap is calculated in real time; If insufficient blood supply is detected, the pressure of the airbag is reduced to promote blood flow; If a risk of congestion is detected, the pressure of the air bladder is increased to reduce tissue edema.

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