Multifunctional device and method for sorting vitex rotundifolia seeds

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional device and method for vitex rotundifolia seed sorting, and relates to the technical field of seed sorting processing.The multifunctional device comprises a primary sorting mechanism, the primary sorting mechanism comprises a base support, a sorting support is hinged to the rear end of the base support, a storage groove is formed in the top of the sorting support, and a pair of hollow transmission rollers is transversely and rotationally installed on the sorting support; a preliminary sorting belt is installed between the hollow transmission rollers in a rolling mode and provided with an inverted-cone buffering opening, a plurality of blowing heads are fixedly installed on the outer walls of the hollow transmission rollers and are in contact fit with the inverted-cone buffering opening, an air conveying cylinder is transversely and rotationally installed in the hollow transmission rollers, and an air vent is formed in the front end of the air conveying cylinder. According to the stone fruit sorting device, stone fruits in different sizes can be sorted through the angle-adjustable sorting support and the first sorting blocking frame and the second sorting blocking frame which are adjustable in position, the applicability of the device is improved, the stone fruits in different sizes can be separated through the rubber sorting belt, seed optimization is facilitated, and the sorting quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seed sorting and processing technology, and in particular to a multifunctional device and method for sorting single-leaf Vitex negundo seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Authentic medicinal herbs refer to those selected through long-term clinical application in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), produced in specific regions, and of superior quality and efficacy compared to the same medicinal herbs from other areas. These herbs are also produced using sophisticated processes and enjoy high recognition. Examples include Northeast ginseng, Panax notoginseng, Fritillaria cirrhosa, the "Four Great Huai Herbs," the "Ten Flavors of Jiangxi," the "Eight Flavors of Zhejiang," and the "Nine Flavors of Hunan." However, with the development of artificial cultivation techniques and the expansion of medicinal herb planting scale, the market for medicinal herbs has become severely disordered, with mixed varieties and inconsistent quality. This hinders the high-quality development of TCM and its integration with the international market. "GAP" (Good Agricultural Practices) refers to the application of modern agricultural knowledge to scientifically regulate all aspects of agricultural production (such as ecological environment, germplasm, cultivation, harvesting, transportation, and packaging) to ensure the safety and quality of agricultural products while promoting environmental, economic, and social sustainability. my country issued two versions of the Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) for Chinese medicinal materials in 2016 and 2022, respectively. The core idea is to establish a standardized system for the production of Chinese medicinal materials based on the traditional producing areas, so as to ensure the healthy development of the quality of Chinese medicinal materials. The new version of GAP for Chinese medicinal materials in 2022 has put forward higher requirements for the germplasm source of Chinese medicinal materials, the use of pesticides and fertilizers in production, and the traceability of the entire chain.

[0003] Vitex trifolia (Manjusaka var. sarcodactylis) is a traditional and major medicinal herb from Jiangxi Province, widely used in plant essential oils, cosmetics, and daily necessities. It is also a valuable traditional Chinese medicinal fruit. Seed quality plays a crucial role in the cultivation and propagation of Vitex trifolia var. sarcodactylis. Generally, larger, plumper, and higher-quality seeds are superior. Furthermore, the optimization and uniformity of seed size and other characteristics not only benefit seed germination and survival but also align with the GAP (Good Agricultural Practices) cultivation of medicinal plants currently being promoted in China. It is also key to improving plant growth performance and yield.

[0004] Existing seed sorting technologies are diverse, some based on the physical characteristics of seeds, such as shape, size, and density. However, when these traditional sorting technologies are applied to the sorting of Vitex negundo seeds, the equipment is unable to perform multi-level sorting of Vitex negundo seeds simultaneously. A single operation often only sorts out plump seeds. For secondary seeds that are not plump but still have some utilization value, it is impossible to achieve simultaneous and progressive sorting. In addition, if bad seeds and impurities on the seeds are not cleaned in time, they can easily cause other high-quality seeds to mold and spoil, making them unable to be stored for a long time.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention provides a multifunctional device and method for sorting seeds of Vitex trifolia with single leaves. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a multifunctional device for sorting Vitex negundo seeds, comprising a preliminary sorting mechanism. The preliminary sorting mechanism includes a base support, with a sorting support hinged to the rear end of the base support. The top of the sorting support has a storage trough. A pair of hollow drive rollers are horizontally rotatably mounted on the sorting support, and a preliminary sorting belt is rolled between the hollow drive rollers. The preliminary sorting belt has an inverted conical buffer port. Multiple air blowing heads are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hollow drive rollers, and the air blowing heads are in contact with the inverted conical buffer ports. An air supply cylinder is horizontally rotatably mounted inside the hollow drive rollers, and the front end of the air supply cylinder has an air vent, which is in contact with the air blowing heads.

[0007] Furthermore, a secondary sorting mechanism is fixedly installed at the front end of the base support. The secondary sorting mechanism includes a secondary sorting bracket, on which a pair of support rods are rotatably installed. A rubber sorting belt is rolled between the support rods. The rubber sorting belt is provided with a sorting and cutting channel. A first sorting baffle and a second sorting baffle are slidably installed laterally on the secondary sorting bracket. A first extrusion roller is rotatably installed laterally on the first sorting baffle, and a second extrusion roller is rotatably installed laterally on the second sorting baffle. A first extrusion head is mounted on the first extrusion roller, and a second extrusion head is mounted on the second extrusion roller.

[0008] Furthermore, two final selection mechanisms are fixedly installed at the bottom of the secondary selection bracket.

[0009] Furthermore, two discharge plates are fixedly installed inside the secondary selection bracket, and the final selection mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the corresponding discharge plates. A first filter screen is fixedly installed inside the discharge plate, and the first filter screen is installed obliquely inside the discharge plate, tilting downwards in the direction of the discharge plate outlet. A discharge ramp is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge plate, and the tilting direction of the discharge ramp is opposite to that of the first filter screen. A second filter screen is horizontally slidably installed on the top of the first filter screen. A sliding groove is fixedly installed on one side of the secondary selection bracket, and a baffle is fixedly installed on the sliding groove. A fourth drive motor is fixedly installed inside the sliding groove, and an elliptical transmission wheel is fixedly installed on the fourth drive motor. Transmission sliders are horizontally slidably installed on the left and right sides of the sliding groove. The transmission sliders are fixedly connected to the second filter screen. A tension spring is fixedly installed between the transmission slider and the baffle of the sliding groove. The transmission slider and the elliptical transmission wheel are in contact and cooperate. The first filter screen is provided with multiple classification grooves. The bottom of the classification groove is rounded and arc-shaped. A diamond-shaped discharge port is provided at the bottom of the classification groove. An arc-shaped collection plate is fixedly installed on the top of the classification groove, and a gap is left between the two ends of the arc-shaped collection plate and the two ends of the classification groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the final selection mechanism includes a water storage tank, a sorting cylinder at the top of the water storage tank, discharge notches at the bottom and rear end of the sorting cylinder, a sorting roller rotatably mounted inside the sorting cylinder, multiple axial sorting grooves on the outer wall of the sorting roller, a limiting brush fixedly mounted at the top of the water storage tank, the limiting brush contacting and cooperating with the sorting roller, a bucket-shaped front end of the water storage tank, a pair of first conveyor rods rotatably mounted at the front end of the water storage tank, a first conveyor belt rotatably mounted between the first conveyor rods, a pair of second conveyor rods rotatably mounted at the rear end of the water storage tank, a second conveyor belt rotatably mounted between the second conveyor rods, positioning grooves on both the first and second conveyor belts, a sorting motor and a discharge motor fixedly mounted on the outside of the water storage tank, the sorting motor being fixedly connected to the sorting roller, and the discharge motor being fixedly connected to the first and second conveyor rods.

[0011] Furthermore, two pairs of adjusting screws are rotatably mounted on the left and right sides of the secondary sorting bracket. Pulleys are fixedly mounted on the adjusting screws. Adjusting motors are fixedly mounted on both sides of the secondary sorting bracket. The adjusting motors are fixedly connected to the adjusting screws on both sides respectively. Each pair of adjusting screws cooperates with the screws of the first sorting baffle and the second sorting baffle respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the first extrusion head and the second extrusion head are respectively radially slidably mounted on the outside of the first extrusion roller and the second extrusion roller. A compression spring is fixedly installed between the first extrusion head and the first extrusion roller, and a compression spring is fixedly installed between the second extrusion head and the second extrusion roller. The first extrusion head is a short and thick head, and the second extrusion head is a long and thin head.

[0013] Furthermore, the sorting and cutting channel is a stepped inverted conical opening, and the inner wall of the sorting and cutting channel is equipped with four-lobed cutters. A third drive motor is fixedly installed on both the first sorting baffle and the second sorting baffle. The third drive motor is fixedly connected to the first extrusion roller and the second extrusion roller, and the first extrusion head and the second extrusion head are in contact with and cooperate with the sorting and cutting channel.

[0014] Furthermore, an adsorption tank is fixedly installed inside the sorting bracket. The adsorption tank is provided with an impurity input channel and an air outlet channel. A waste bin is fixedly installed at the bottom of the adsorption tank. The impurity input channel and the air outlet channel are connected to the base bracket. A first connection port is fixedly installed on the outside of the adsorption tank and is connected to an external air pump.

[0015] Furthermore, an adjusting hydraulic rod is connected between the bottom of the sorting bracket and the base bracket. A pulley is fixedly installed on the hollow transmission roller, and the hollow transmission rollers are connected by a belt. A limit brush is installed on the top of the sorting bracket in a horizontal rotational manner. The limit brush is in frictional engagement with the preliminary sorting belt. A second drive motor is fixedly installed on the sorting bracket and is fixedly connected to the hollow transmission roller. A first drive motor is fixedly installed on the sorting bracket and is fixedly connected to the limit brush. A limit rod is fixedly installed on the sorting bracket and is in contact with the air supply cylinder. A second connection port is fixedly installed on the outside of the air supply cylinder and is connected to an external air pump.

[0016] Furthermore, a method for sorting seeds of Vitex negundo var. unifolia, using the aforementioned device, includes the following specific steps: S1: Adjust the angle of the sorting bracket by starting the hydraulic rod in advance according to the average size of the drupes, and pour the prepared drupes into the storage tank at the top of the sorting bracket; S2: The rolling of the preliminary sorting belt carries the kernels out of the storage tank at the top of the sorting support, and the limit brush is activated to smooth out the protruding kernels on the preliminary sorting belt. The adsorption tank sucks out the impurities and undersized inferior kernels mixed in the preliminary sorting belt. S3: The air blowing head blows air to blow the kernels out of the inverted cone buffer opening, separating the larger and fuller kernels from the smaller and shrunken kernels, so that the corresponding kernels fall into different areas on the rubber sorting belt; S4: Adjust the first and second sorting baffles to the pre-selected positions in advance to intercept the sorted pitted fruit, and cut the pitted fruit open through the cooperation of the first and second extrusion heads and the sorting and cutting channel; S5: Shake the drupe through the second filter screen to release the seeds, then filter them through the first filter screen to separate the seeds from the peel, and finally discharge them through the discharge plate.

[0017] S6: Separate germinating plump seeds and non-germinating empty or shriveled seeds using a sorting roller.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention compared with the prior art are: (1) This invention can effectively separate impurities and bad fruits in the drupes by combining the preliminary sorting belt and the adsorption tank, thereby improving the sorting quality; (2) This invention can sort drupes of different sizes by using the adjustable angle sorting bracket and the adjustable position first sorting baffle and second sorting baffle, thereby improving the applicability of the equipment; (3) This invention can sort drupes of different sizes by using the rubber sorting belt, which is convenient for seed selection and can also achieve pretreatment such as seed cleaning, ensuring a longer seed preservation time and improving the sorting quality; (4) This invention can quickly separate bad seeds by using the water storage tank and the sorting roller, and clean the seeds, thereby improving the seed sorting quality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a side view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the preliminary selection mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a partial assembly structure of the secondary selection mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the half-section structure of the hollow transmission roller of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the gas delivery cylinder of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a preliminary half-section diagram of the sorting section structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the adsorption tank of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber sorting belt structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the secondary selection mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the final selection mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the water storage tank of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the first filter screen structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 15 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A1.

[0034] Figure 16 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B1.

[0035] Figure 17 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point C1.

[0036] Figure 18 for Figure 8Enlarged structural diagram at point D1.

[0037] Figure 19 for Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point E1.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1-Primary sorting mechanism; 2-Secondary sorting mechanism; 3-Final sorting mechanism; 101-Sorting bracket; 102-Limiting brush; 103-Hollow drive roller; 104-Preliminary sorting belt; 105-Base bracket; 106-Adjusting hydraulic rod; 107-First connection port; 108-Adsorption tank; 109-Waste bin; 110-Air blowing head; 111-Air conveyor; 112-Limiting rod; 113-Second connection port; 114-Impurity input channel; 115-Air outlet channel; 116-Inverted cone buffer port; 117-First drive motor; 118-Second drive motor; 201-Secondary sorting bracket; 202-Rubber sorting belt; 203-First sorting baffle; 204-First extrusion roller; 205-Second sorting baffle; 206-Second extrusion roller; 207 208 - Adjusting screw; 209 - Third drive motor; 210 - Discharge plate; 211 - First filter screen; 212 - Second filter screen; 213 - Fourth drive motor; 214 - Elliptical transmission wheel; 215 - Transmission slider; 216 - Sliding groove; 217 - Sorting and cutting channel; 218 - Adjusting motor; 219 - First extrusion head; 220 - Second extrusion head; 221 - Fifth drive motor; 222 - Support rod; 223 - Discharge inclined plate; 224 - Arc-shaped collection plate; 225 - Sorting groove; 301 - Water storage tank; 302 - Material limiting brush; 303 - Sorting cylinder; 304 - First conveyor belt; 305 - Sorting roller; 306 - First conveyor rod; 307 - Second conveyor rod; 308 - Second conveyor belt; 309 - Sorting motor; 310 - Discharge motor. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 19As shown, a multifunctional device for sorting seeds of Vitex negundo var. unifolia includes a primary sorting mechanism 1. The primary sorting mechanism 1 includes a base support 105, with a sorting support 101 hinged to the rear end of the base support 105. The top of the sorting support 101 has a storage trough for storing unsorted spherical drupes. A pair of hollow drive rollers 103 are laterally rotatably mounted on the sorting support 101. A preliminary sorting belt 104 is rolled between the hollow drive rollers 103. The preliminary sorting belt 104 has an inverted conical buffer port 116 for transporting drupes. Multiple air blowing heads 110 are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hollow drive rollers 103, and the air blowing heads 110 contact the inverted conical buffer ports 116. In conjunction with the hollow drive roller 103, an air delivery cylinder 111 is laterally rotatably mounted inside. The air delivery cylinder 111 has an air inlet at its front end, which engages with the air blowing head 110. A second connection port 113 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the air delivery cylinder 111, connecting to an external air pump. A limiting rod 112 is fixedly mounted on the sorting bracket 101, engaging with the air delivery cylinder 111 to fix its rotation angle and prevent it from rotating along with the hollow drive roller 103. A pulley is fixedly mounted on the hollow drive roller 103, and the hollow drive rollers 103 are connected by a belt. A second drive motor 118 is fixedly installed on the sorting bracket 101. The second drive motor 118 is fixedly connected to the hollow transmission roller 103. A limiting brush 102 is horizontally rotatably installed on the top of the sorting bracket 101. The limiting brush 102 is in frictional engagement with the preliminary sorting belt 104 and is used to sweep the seeds buffered on the sorting bracket 101 into the inverted conical buffer opening 116 on the preliminary sorting belt 104. A first drive motor 117 is fixedly installed on the sorting bracket 101 and is fixedly connected to the limiting brush 102. The first drive motor 117 is used to drive the limiting brush 102 to rotate in the opposite direction to the rolling direction of the preliminary sorting belt 104, so as to avoid excess berries remaining on the surface of the preliminary sorting belt 104 and affecting the seeds. In the sorting process, when the second drive motor 118 drives the initial sorting belt 104 to roll, seeds of different sizes are carried out through the inverted cone buffer port 116 during the sorting of drupes. At the same time, the air pump connected to the second connection port 113 is started to pump air into the air delivery cylinder 111. The rotation of the air delivery cylinder 111 is restricted by the limiting short rod 112. When the air blowing head 110 on the hollow transmission roller 103 rotates to a position level with the air inlet of the air delivery cylinder 111, the air blown out of the inverted cone buffer port 116 blows out the seeds through the air delivery cylinder 111. According to the different masses of the inverted cone buffer port 116, smaller drupes can be blown out a longer distance, thereby classifying drupes of different sizes.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 19As shown, an adjusting hydraulic rod 106 is hinged between the bottom of the sorting bracket 101 and the base bracket 105. This rod is used to adjust the angle of the sorting bracket 101 on the base bracket 105, so as to adjust the angle of the sorting bracket 101 according to the overall size of the fruit, and thus adjust the position of the fruit pit after sorting.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 19 As shown, an adsorption tank 108 is fixedly installed inside the sorting bracket 101. The adsorption tank 108 is provided with an impurity input channel 114 and an air outlet channel 115. A waste bin 109 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the adsorption tank 108. The impurity input channel 114 and the air outlet channel 115 are connected to the base bracket 105. A first connection port 107 is fixedly installed on the outside of the adsorption tank 108. The first connection port 107 is connected to an external air pump. The adsorption tank 108 is used to separate excessively small drupes or the outer skin that has fallen off the drupes. By starting the external air pump, the impurities in the inverted cone buffer port 116 are drawn into the impurity input channel 114 when passing through the adsorption tank 108, and discharged into the waste bin 109 for collection through the impurity input channel 114, thereby improving the quality of sorted seeds.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 19As shown, a secondary sorting mechanism 2 is fixedly installed at the front end of the base bracket 105. The secondary sorting mechanism 2 includes a secondary sorting bracket 201, on which a pair of support rods 221 are rotatably mounted. A rubber sorting belt 202 is rolled between the support rods 221. The rubber sorting belt 202 is provided with a sorting and cutting channel 216. The sorting and cutting channel 216 is a stepped inverted conical opening, which is used to make larger berries fall in the upper half of the sorting and cutting channel 216 and smaller berries fall in the lower half of the sorting and cutting channel 216 for easy separate processing. The inner wall of the sorting and cutting channel 216 is equipped with a four-lobed cutter. A first sorting baffle 203 and a second sorting baffle 205 are slidably mounted laterally on the secondary sorting bracket 201. A first extrusion roller 204 is horizontally rotatably mounted on the first sorting frame 203, and a second extrusion roller 206 is horizontally rotatably mounted on the second sorting baffle 205. A third drive motor 208 is fixedly mounted on both the first and second sorting baffles 203 and 205, respectively. The third drive motor 208 is fixedly connected to the first extrusion roller 204 and the second extrusion roller 206. A first extrusion head 218 is mounted on the first extrusion roller 204, and a second extrusion head 219 is mounted on the second extrusion roller 206. The first extrusion head 218 and the second extrusion head 219 are respectively radially slidably mounted on the outer sides of the first extrusion roller 204 and the second extrusion roller 206. A compression spring is fixedly mounted between the first extrusion head 218 and the first extrusion roller 204. A compression spring is fixedly installed between the extrusion head 219 and the second extrusion roller 206. The first extrusion head 218 is a thick head, and the second extrusion head 219 is a thin head. The first extrusion head 218 and the second extrusion head 219 are in contact with the sorting and cutting channel 216 to cut different sizes of drupes within the conical opening. The first extrusion head 218 is used to push and cut larger drupes, and the second extrusion head 219 is used to cut smaller drupes. After the drupes are sorted, when the third drive motor 208 is started to drive the first extrusion roller 204 to rotate, the first extrusion head 218 contacts the larger drupes in the sorting and cutting channel 216, squeezing the drupes to the bottom of the sorting and cutting channel 216. The outer wall of the drupe is cut open by the cutter on the inner wall of the sorting and cutting channel 216, exposing the seeds. The seeds are then expelled from the sorting and cutting channel 216 by the extrusion of the first extrusion head 218. The lower half of the sorting and cutting channel 216, with its smaller diameter, blocks further downward pressure from the first extrusion head 218, causing it to retract into the first extrusion roller 204 to prevent small drupes from being cut. At the same time, when the second extrusion roller 206 is rotated by the third drive motor 208, the second extrusion head 219 contacts the smaller drupes in the lower half of the sorting and cutting channel 216 and extrudes and cuts them. This allows for the separate processing of seeds from drupes of different sizes when the sorting bracket 101 sorts drupes of incorrect size, thereby improving the sorting quality.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 19As shown, two discharge plates 209 are fixedly installed inside the secondary selection bracket 201. The discharge plates 209 are used to discharge the sorted seeds. A first filter screen 210 is fixedly installed inside the discharge plate 209. The first filter screen 210 is installed obliquely inside the discharge plate 209 and tilts downward in the outlet direction of the discharge plate 209. The first filter screen 210 is provided with multiple sorting grooves 224. The bottom of the sorting groove 224 is rounded and has a diamond-shaped discharge port at the bottom. The groove gradually narrows from the center to the sides at the bottom of the sorting groove 224 to separate the seeds. Seeds of the same diameter are discharged at designated positions according to their size, facilitating subsequent seed sorting and collection. An arc-shaped collection plate 223 is fixedly installed on the top of the sorting trough 224. Gaps are left between the ends of the arc-shaped collection plate 223 and the ends of the sorting trough 224 to collect the seeds on both sides of the sorting trough 224, allowing them to roll towards the center within the trough 224 under gravity and arrange themselves according to size. A discharge ramp 222 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge plate 209. The discharge ramp 222 is inclined in the opposite direction to the first filter screen 210, used to discharge the kernels. Seeds separated from the fruit; a second filter screen 211 is horizontally slidably mounted on the top of the first filter screen 210; a sliding groove 215 is fixedly mounted on one side of the secondary selection bracket 201; a baffle is fixedly mounted on the sliding groove 215; a fourth drive motor 212 is fixedly mounted inside the sliding groove 215; an elliptical transmission wheel 213 is fixedly mounted on the fourth drive motor 212; transmission sliders 214 are horizontally slidably mounted on the left and right sides of the sliding groove 215; the transmission sliders 214 are fixedly connected to the second filter screen 211; the transmission sliders 214 and the sliding groove 211... Tension springs are fixedly installed between the baffles of plate 5. The transmission slider 214 is in contact with the elliptical transmission wheel 213. After being sorted, the walnuts fall into two different discharge plates 209 after being cut. The fourth drive motor 212 is started to drive the elliptical transmission wheel 213 to rotate. The elliptical transmission wheel 213 drives the transmission slider 214 to slide back and forth in the sliding groove 215, and drives the second filter screen 211 to slide back and forth laterally on the top of the secondary selection bracket 201, causing the walnuts to shake and shake out the seeds inside the walnuts, thus completing the seed sorting.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 19 As shown, two pairs of adjusting screws 207 are rotatably mounted on the left and right sides of the secondary selection bracket 201. A pulley is fixedly mounted on the adjusting screw 207. An adjusting motor 217 is fixedly mounted on both sides of the secondary selection bracket 201. The adjusting motor 217 is fixedly connected to the adjusting screws 207 on both sides respectively. Each pair of adjusting screws 207 cooperates with the screws of the first sorting baffle 203 and the second sorting baffle 205 respectively, and is used to drive the first sorting baffle 203 and the second sorting baffle 205 to slide on the secondary selection bracket 201. The interception position of the first sorting baffle 203 and the second sorting baffle 205 is adjusted according to the falling position of the fruit.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 19As shown, two final selection mechanisms 3 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the secondary selection bracket 201. The final selection mechanism 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the corresponding discharge plate 209. The final selection mechanism 3 includes a water storage tank 301 for holding clean water for separating bad seeds and washing seeds. A sorting cylinder 303 is provided at the top of the water storage tank 301. The bottom and rear end of the sorting cylinder 303 are provided with discharge notches. The notch at the bottom of the sorting cylinder 303 is used to separate the plump seeds inside, allowing them to fall to the bottom of the water storage tank 301 by gravity. The notch at the rear end of the sorting cylinder 303 is used to separate the empty and underdeveloped seeds inside, allowing them to float to the water surface of the water storage tank 301 through the air inside the notch at the rear end of the sorting cylinder 303. The sorting cylinder 303 rotates horizontally inside. A sorting roller 305 is installed, with multiple axial sorting grooves on its outer wall for holding seeds to be sorted. A limiting brush 302 is fixedly installed on the top of the water storage tank 301. The limiting brush 302 contacts and cooperates with the sorting roller 305 to wipe away excess seeds inside the sorting roller 305, preventing excess seeds from being squeezed against the inner wall of the sorting cylinder 303 when the sorting roller 305 rotates inside the sorting cylinder 303, which could damage the equipment. The front end of the water storage tank 301 is bucket-shaped, and a pair of first conveyor rods 306 are laterally rotatably installed at the front end of the water storage tank 301. A first conveyor belt 304 is rolled between the first conveyor rods 306. A pair of second conveyor rods are laterally rotatably installed at the rear end of the water storage tank 301. A second conveyor belt 308 is rotatably mounted between the first conveyor belt 304 and the second conveyor rod 307. Both the first conveyor belt 304 and the second conveyor belt 308 have positioning grooves. The first conveyor belt 304 is used to collect plump seeds that have sunk to the bottom of the water storage tank 301 and are discharged from the bottom of the sorting cylinder 303. The bottom of the second conveyor belt 308 contacts the water surface of the water storage tank 301 to carry out shriveled seeds floating on the water surface. A sorting motor 309 and a discharge motor 310 are fixedly mounted on the outside of the water storage tank 301. The sorting motor 309 is fixedly connected to the sorting roller 305, and the discharge motor 310 is fixedly connected to the first conveyor rod 306 and the second conveyor rod 307. Seeds separated from the first filter screen 210... The seeds are guided to the top of the sorting roller 305 by the discharge inclined plate 222 and arranged evenly according to size. The sorting motor 309 is started to drive the sorting roller 305 to rotate and rotate the seeds to the bottom notch position of the sorting cylinder 303. At this time, the plump seeds fall into the bottom of the water storage tank 301 for washing by gravity and are picked up and discharged by the first conveyor belt 304. The empty seeds float in the sorting groove of the sorting roller 305 by the air inside them and do not fall down. The sorting roller 305 continues to rotate. When the seeds rotate to the notch at the rear end of the sorting cylinder 303, the remaining empty seeds are lifted off the sorting groove of the sorting roller 305 and loaded onto the water surface at the rear end of the water storage tank 301 by the action of buoyancy and are discharged by the second conveyor belt 308.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 19As shown, a method for sorting seeds of Vitex negundo var. unifolia employs the aforementioned device for sorting, and the specific steps include: S1: Adjust the angle of the sorting bracket 101 by starting the hydraulic rod 106 in advance according to the average size of the drupes, and pour the prepared drupes into the storage trough at the top of the sorting bracket 101; S2: The rolling of the preliminary sorting belt 104 carries the kernels out of the storage tank at the top of the sorting bracket 101, and the limit brush 102 is activated to smooth out the protruding kernels on the preliminary sorting belt 104, and the impurities and inferior kernels that are too small are sucked out by the adsorption tank 108. S3: The air blowing head 110 blows air to blow the kernels out from the inverted cone buffer port 116, sorting the larger and fuller kernels from the smaller and shrunken kernels, so that the corresponding kernels fall into different areas on the rubber sorting belt 202. S4: Adjust the first sorting baffle 203 and the second sorting baffle 205 to the pre-selection position in advance to intercept the sorted pit fruit, and cut the pit fruit through the cooperation of the first extrusion head 218 and the second extrusion head 219 with the sorting cutting channel 216; S5: Shake the drupe through the second filter screen 211 to shake out the seeds, then filter them through the first filter screen 210 to separate the seeds from the pericarp, and finally discharge them through the discharge plate 209.

[0048] S6: The sorting roller 305 separates germinating plump seeds from non-germinating empty and shriveled seeds, while the clean water in the water storage tank 301 washes away dirt from the surface of the seeds.

Claims

1. A multifunctional device for sorting seeds of Vitex negundo, comprising a primary sorting mechanism (1), the primary sorting mechanism (1) comprising a base support (105), characterized in that, The rear end of the base support (105) is hinged to a sorting support (101). The top of the sorting support (101) is provided with a storage trough. A pair of hollow drive rollers (103) are horizontally rotatably mounted on the sorting support (101). A preliminary sorting belt (104) is rolled between the hollow drive rollers (103). The preliminary sorting belt (104) is provided with an inverted cone buffer port (116). Multiple air blowing heads (110) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hollow drive rollers (103). The air blowing heads (110) are in contact with the inverted cone buffer port (116). A secondary sorting mechanism (2) is fixedly installed at the front end of the base bracket (105). The secondary sorting mechanism (2) includes a secondary sorting bracket (201). A pair of support rods (221) are rotatably installed on the secondary sorting bracket (201). A rubber sorting belt (202) is rolled between the support rods (221). A sorting and cutting channel (216) is provided on the rubber sorting belt (202). A first sorting baffle (203) and a second sorting baffle (205) are slidably installed on the secondary sorting bracket (201). A first extrusion roller (204) is rotatably installed on the first sorting baffle (203). A second extrusion roller (206) is rotatably installed on the second sorting baffle (205). A first extrusion head (218) is installed on the first extrusion roller (204). A second extrusion head (219) is installed on the second extrusion roller (206). The secondary selection bracket (201) has two final selection mechanisms (3) fixedly installed at its bottom.

2. The multifunctional device for sorting seeds of Vitex negundo (a single-leaf vine) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two discharge plates (209) are fixedly installed inside the secondary selection bracket (201). The final selection mechanism (3) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the corresponding discharge plate (209). A first filter screen (210) is fixedly installed inside the discharge plate (209). The first filter screen (210) is installed obliquely inside the discharge plate (209) and tilts downward in the outlet direction of the discharge plate (209). A discharge ramp (222) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge plate (209). The tilt direction of the discharge ramp (222) is opposite to the tilt direction of the first filter screen (210). A second filter screen (211) is horizontally slidably installed on the top of the first filter screen (210). A sliding groove (215) is fixedly installed on one side of the secondary selection bracket (201). A baffle is fixedly installed on the sliding groove (215). A fourth drive is fixedly installed inside the sliding groove (215). An elliptical transmission wheel (213) is fixedly installed on the fourth drive motor (212). Transmission sliders (214) are slidably installed on the left and right sides of the sliding groove (215). The transmission sliders (214) are fixedly connected to the second filter screen (211). A tension spring is fixedly installed between the transmission sliders (214) and the baffle of the sliding groove (215). The transmission sliders (214) are in contact with the elliptical transmission wheel (213). The first filter screen (210) is provided with multiple sorting grooves (224). The bottom of the sorting grooves (224) is rounded. The bottom of the sorting grooves (224) is provided with a diamond-shaped discharge port. An arc-shaped collection plate (223) is fixedly installed on the top of the sorting grooves (224). There is a gap between the two ends of the arc-shaped collection plate (223) and the two ends of the sorting grooves (224).

3. The multifunctional device for sorting seeds of Vitex negundo (a single-leaf vine) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The final selection mechanism (3) includes a water storage tank (301), a sorting cylinder (303) at the top of the water storage tank (301), a discharge notch at the bottom and rear end of the sorting cylinder (303), a sorting roller (305) rotatably mounted inside the sorting cylinder (303), a plurality of axial sorting grooves on the outer wall of the sorting roller (305), a limiting brush (302) fixedly mounted at the top of the water storage tank (301), the limiting brush (302) contacting and cooperating with the sorting roller (305), the front end of the water storage tank (301) is bucket-shaped, and a pair of first conveying rods (306) rotatably mounted at the front end of the water storage tank (301), the first conveying rods ( A first conveyor belt (304) is rolled between the first conveyor belt (306) and the second conveyor belt (307) is rolled between the second conveyor belt (308) and the second conveyor belt (307). The first conveyor belt (304) and the second conveyor belt (308) are both provided with positioning grooves. A sorting motor (309) and a discharge motor (310) are fixedly installed on the outside of the water storage tank (301). The sorting motor (309) is fixedly connected to the sorting roller (305), and the discharge motor (310) is fixedly connected to the first conveyor belt (306) and the second conveyor belt (307).

4. The multifunctional device for sorting seeds of Vitex negundo (a single-leaf vine) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary selection bracket (201) has two pairs of adjusting screws (207) installed laterally on its left and right sides. The adjusting screws (207) are fixedly mounted with pulleys. The secondary selection bracket (201) has adjusting motors (217) fixedly mounted on both sides. The adjusting motors (217) are fixedly connected to the adjusting screws (207) on both sides respectively. Each pair of adjusting screws (207) is respectively engaged with the screws of the first sorting baffle (203) and the second sorting baffle (205).

5. A multifunctional device for sorting seeds of Vitex negundo (a single-leaf vine) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first extrusion head (218) and the second extrusion head (219) are respectively radially slidably installed on the outside of the first extrusion roller (204) and the second extrusion roller (206). A compression spring is fixedly installed between the first extrusion head (218) and the first extrusion roller (204), and a compression spring is fixedly installed between the second extrusion head (219) and the second extrusion roller (206). The first extrusion head (218) is a short and thick head, and the second extrusion head (219) is a long and thin head.

6. A multifunctional device for sorting seeds of Vitex negundo (a single-leaf vine) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting and cutting channel (216) is a stepped inverted conical opening. The inner wall of the sorting and cutting channel (216) is equipped with four-lobed cutters. The first sorting baffle (203) and the second sorting baffle (205) are both fixedly installed with a third drive motor (208). The third drive motor (208) is fixedly connected to the first extrusion roller (204) and the second extrusion roller (206). The first extrusion head (218) and the second extrusion head (219) are in contact with the sorting and cutting channel (216).

7. A multifunctional device for sorting seeds of Vitex negundo (a single-leaf vine) according to claim 1, characterized in that, An adsorption tank (108) is fixedly installed inside the sorting bracket (101). The adsorption tank (108) is provided with an impurity input channel (114) and an air outlet channel (115). A waste bin (109) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the adsorption tank (108). The impurity input channel (114) and the air outlet channel (115) are connected to the base bracket (105). A first connection port (107) is fixedly installed on the outside of the adsorption tank (108). The first connection port (107) is connected to an external air pump.

8. A multifunctional device for sorting seeds of Vitex negundo (a single-leaf vine) according to claim 1, characterized in that, An adjusting hydraulic rod (106) is connected between the bottom of the sorting bracket (101) and the base bracket (105). A pulley is fixedly installed on the hollow transmission roller (103), and the hollow transmission rollers (103) are connected by a belt. A limit brush (102) is installed laterally on the top of the sorting bracket (101), and the limit brush (102) is in frictional engagement with the preliminary sorting belt (104). A second drive motor (118) is fixedly installed on the sorting bracket (101), and the second drive motor (118) is fixedly connected to the hollow transmission roller (103). A first drive motor (118) is fixedly installed on the sorting bracket (101). A drive motor (117) is fixedly connected to a limiting brush (102). An air delivery cylinder (111) is installed laterally inside the hollow transmission roller (103). The air delivery cylinder (111) has an air inlet at the front end. The air inlet on the air delivery cylinder (111) is in contact with the air blowing head (110). A limiting rod (112) is fixedly installed on the sorting bracket (101). The limiting rod (112) is in contact with the air delivery cylinder (111). A second connection port (113) is fixedly installed on the outside of the air delivery cylinder (111). The second connection port (113) is connected to an external air pump.

9. A method for sorting seeds of Vitex negundo var. unifolia, characterized in that, The sorting process using the apparatus described in claims 1-8 includes the following specific steps: S1: Adjust the angle of the sorting bracket (101) in advance by starting the adjusting hydraulic rod (106) according to the average size of the drupes, and pour the prepared drupes into the storage tank at the top of the sorting bracket (101); S2: The rolling of the preliminary sorting belt (104) carries the kernels out of the storage tank at the top of the sorting bracket (101), and the limit brush (102) is activated to smooth out the protruding kernels on the preliminary sorting belt (104), and the impurities and inferior kernels that are too small are sucked out through the adsorption tank (108). S3: The air blowing head (110) blows air to blow the kernels out from the inverted cone buffer port (116), sorting the larger and fuller kernels from the smaller and shrunken kernels, so that the corresponding kernels fall on different areas of the rubber sorting belt (202); S4: Adjust the first sorting baffle (203) and the second sorting baffle (205) to the pre-selection position in advance, cut off the sorted drupes, and cut the drupes through the cooperation of the first extrusion head (218) and the second extrusion head (219) with the sorting cutting channel (216); S5: Shake the drupe through the second filter (211) to shake out the seeds, and filter them through the first filter (210) to separate the seeds and peels, and discharge them through the discharge plate (209); S6: Separate germinating plump seeds and non-germinating empty and rotten seeds by sorting roller (305).

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