A biodegradable material wrapping solid waste base with biomass and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of material preparation, and more particularly to a kind of biodegradable material with biomass wrapping solid waste base and preparation method.It includes first plant oil, forestry solid waste powder etc. are mixed to prepare bio-based oil body glue component, plant starch, plant fiber etc. are mixed to prepare bio-based powder mixture component, both are mixed, puffed, extruded and broken to obtain thermoplastic microporous sand material, then mixed with solid waste powder to obtain biodegradable material, and the types of each raw material, particle size and related operating parameters such as temperature and speed are limited.The present application achieves the technical effect of preparing biodegradable material with microporous structure using biomass and solid waste, realizing solid waste resource utilization, and the material is biodegradable and has good environmental performance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of material preparation, in particular to a biodegradable material with biomass wrapped solid waste base and a preparation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the treatment of solid waste, there are various conventional means. Physical treatment often uses methods such as concentration, crushing, sorting, and sedimentation to separate solid waste into different components or particle size materials, which is usually only a pretreatment technology and does not change the chemical properties of the solid waste. Chemical treatment uses chemical methods to destroy harmful components in solid waste and promote their conversion into harmless or stable substances, but this method is only suitable for solid waste with single composition. Thermal treatment uses high-temperature incineration or pyrolysis to decompose, burn or convert organic matter in solid waste to reduce volume and harm. Biological treatment uses microorganisms to decompose organic matter in solid waste to achieve weight loss and harmlessness. In addition, there are other auxiliary treatment methods, but in practical application, physical, chemical, biological and thermal treatment are the most common main methods.

[0003] However, these existing technical means have obvious defects. Chemical treatment and thermal treatment produce waste gas, waste residue and other associated hazards during implementation, which easily causes secondary environmental pollution, which is contrary to the concept of environmental protection and sustainable development. Although biological treatment has relatively low economic cost, the cultivation and selection of microbial columns are extremely strict, and are restricted by long processing time and unstable efficiency, which seriously affects the processing efficiency of solid waste. In general, the traditional physical, chemical, biological and chemical methods for treating solid waste have the problems of high processing cost, easy secondary pollution and low comprehensive utilization efficiency of solid waste resources, which cannot meet the urgent needs of current society for efficient treatment and resource recycling of solid waste. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the above technical problems and provide a biodegradable material with biomass wrapped solid waste base and a preparation method.

[0005] A biodegradable material with biomass wrapped solid waste base and a preparation method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S01, mixing plant oil, agricultural and forestry solid waste powder, thickening agent and plant acid, and stirring under heating conditions to semi-transparency to prepare a bio-based oil body glue component;

[0007] S02, mixing plant starch, plant fiber, biodegradable resin, plant oil, fatty acid and soda water, and stirring uniformly at room temperature to prepare a bio-based powder mixture component;

[0008] S03, after mixing the bio-based oil body sizing component with the second bio-based mixed group, carrying out puffing extrusion, and then crushing to obtain a thermoplastic microporous sand particle;

[0009] S04, mixing the thermoplastic microporous sand particle with the solid waste powder to obtain a degradable material wrapped with biomass and solid waste base.

[0010] Optionally, the plant oil includes one or more of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, vegetable glycerol or palm oil, the agricultural and forestry solid waste powder includes one or more of rice straw, wheat straw, rice husk, sugar skin, mountain grass or mixed wood fine wood chips and has a particle size of 100-200 mesh, the thickening agent includes one or more of agar powder, xanthan gum or lignocellulose.

[0011] Optionally, the plant starch includes one or more of corn starch, mung bean starch, sweet potato starch or cassava starch, the plant fiber includes one or more of bamboo fiber, rice straw fiber, sorghum stem fiber, sugarcane fiber or mixed wood fiber, and the biodegradable resin includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid, polybutylene adipate / terephthalate or polybutylene succinate.

[0012] Optionally, the fatty acid includes mono-ɑ-linolenic acid, the soda water is a mixed solution of pure water and sodium bicarbonate with a mass ratio of 1000:1, and the plant acid includes one or more of citric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid or propylene glycol.

[0013] Optionally, the biodegradable resin includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid, polybutylene adipate / terephthalate or polybutylene succinate.

[0014] Optionally, the temperature of heating in step S01 is 110-130℃, and the stirring speed is 20-40 r / min.

[0015] Optionally, the temperature of puffing in step S03 is 170-190℃, and the speed is 210 r / min.

[0016] Optionally, the particle size of the solid waste powder is less than 800 mesh, and the particle size of the thermoplastic microporous sand particle is 80-200 mesh.

[0017] The application also provides a degradable material, which includes a biomass part and a solid waste base part, wherein the biomass part contains plant oil, agricultural and forestry solid waste powder, thickening agent, plant acid, plant starch, plant fiber, biodegradable resin, fatty acid and soda water, the solid waste base part is one or more of coal gangue, fly ash or phosphogypsum, the mass ratio of the biomass part to the solid waste base part is 1:1, and the material has a microporous structure.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The method of physical foaming extrusion puffing makes the biomass material produce dense bubble micropores in the extrusion puffing process, can adsorb and wrap the small particle size of solid waste, and the material has the physical characteristics of thermoplasticity, can phagocytize and assimilate solid waste, and then through the microbial metabolic transformation process in nature, a biodegradable material prepared by wrapping solid waste with biomass is obtained.

[0020] 2. Through the metabolism and transformation of microorganisms, the heavy metals and harmful substances in the solid waste powder are degraded and transformed into harmless substances, and the biodegradation process does not produce pollution by-products and has no effect on the ecological environment.

[0021] 3. Compared with chemical and physical methods, the biodegradation technology has lower cost, a large number of general mechanical equipment is used in the preparation process of biological materials, the process method is simple and easy to operate, which is conducive to large-scale popularization and application, and lays a good foundation for the subsequent high-quality utilization of biomass materials and solid waste resources, and forms industrialization and marketization.

[0022] 4. The solid waste powder is mixed into the natural biomass material, the assimilation and transformation of the solid waste powder is realized by the ability of microorganisms, the substances stored in the mixed material are transformed into energy by oxidation metabolism, and the energy is used to provide nutrients for soil and plants, and promote the acquisition of plant nutrients.

[0023] 5. The produced thermoplastic degradable granules replace the non-degradable petroleum-based thermoplastic microporous small particle size plastics, realize the comprehensive utilization of waste resources, green recycling, reduce the occupation of a large amount of land due to the stacking of solid waste, cause a series of environmental problems such as air dust pollution and landslide, groundwater and soil pollution; 6. The produced new material resources can be recycled, can replace part of the petroleum-based plastic plate raw materials, and are suitable for making various types of biodegradable plastic plates, such as pressure plastic flat profile, flow drawing sheet coiled material, vacuum suction products, and box board logistics packaging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 The method flowchart of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely in the present application in combination with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. The components of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that: similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] The present application mainly adopts a method for preparing a degradable material from biomass and solid waste base, which effectively treats solid waste and prepares a degradable material, realizes resource recycling, and the following further describes the present application in detail.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] The method for preparing the degradable material wrapped with biomass and solid waste base provided by the embodiments of the present application includes the steps of preparing a bio-based oil body glue component, preparing a bio-based powder mixture component, preparing a thermoplastic microporous sand particle, and obtaining a degradable material. Two bio-based components are prepared respectively, mixed, expanded, extruded, broken, and then a thermoplastic microporous sand particle is obtained, and then mixed with a solid waste powder to obtain a final degradable material. The method effectively utilizes biomass and solid waste base to prepare a degradable material. This is because the biomass and solid waste base are fully mixed and reacted through reasonable steps and proportioning, the characteristics of the biomass are used to wrap the solid waste base, and a degradable material is formed.

[0030] Specifically, when preparing the bio-based oil body size component, 30 parts by weight of vegetable glycerin, 4 parts of soybean oil, 5 parts of rice straw powder, 0.4 parts of xanthan gum, and 0.6 parts of citric acid are put into a glue melting machine, stirred at a temperature of 120°C and a speed of 100 r / min for 6 min to obtain the bio-based oil body size component. The vegetable oil can be one or more of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, vegetable glycerin, or palm oil. Soybean oil is an oil extracted from soybeans, rich in unsaturated fatty acids, and has good fluidity and stability; rapeseed oil is obtained from rapeseed and contains abundant oleic acid, and has good oxidation resistance. The agricultural and forestry solid waste powder includes one or more of rice straw, wheat straw, rice husk, sugar skin, mountain grass, or miscellaneous wood chips, and has a particle size of 100-200 mesh. Such a particle size can ensure better mixing with other ingredients in subsequent reactions. For example, after being crushed to the appropriate particle size, the rice straw can be uniformly dispersed in the mixed system. The thickening agent includes one or more of agar powder, xanthan gum, or lignocellulose. Agar powder is a polysaccharide extracted from seaweed and can increase the viscosity of the mixture; xanthan gum is a polysaccharide produced by microbial fermentation and has good thickening and emulsifying effects. The plant acid includes one or more of citric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, or propylene glycol. These plant acids can adjust the pH of the reaction system and promote the reaction. In this process, stirring is performed under heating conditions, the heating temperature is 110-130°C, the stirring speed is 20-40 r / min, and stirring is performed until a translucent state is achieved. This can fully mix and react the ingredients to form a uniform bio-based oil body size component.

[0031] Specifically, when preparing the bio-based powder mixture component, 30 parts by weight of corn starch, 3 parts by weight of soybean powder, 10 parts by weight of rice husk, 15 parts by weight of PLA, 0.5 parts by weight of epoxy soybean oil, 1 part by weight of monofatty glyceride, 15 parts by weight of soda water, and 0.5 parts by weight of silane coupling agent are put into a low-speed / high-speed mixer, stirred at room temperature and a speed of 3.5 Hz / min for 10 min, and then uniformly stirred to obtain the bio-based powder mixture component. The plant starch includes one or more of corn starch, mung bean starch, sweet potato starch, or cassava starch. Corn starch is widely available and inexpensive, and has good film-forming properties; mung bean starch has high transparency and strong viscosity. The plant fiber includes one or more of bamboo fiber, straw fiber, sorghum stem fiber, sugarcane fiber, or miscellaneous wood fiber, which can enhance the strength and toughness of the material. The biodegradable resin includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid, polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, or polybutylene succinate, which can be decomposed by microorganisms in a natural environment, meeting environmental protection requirements. The vegetable oil can also be one or more of epoxy soybean oil, rice bran oil, or castor oil, which plays a lubricating and plasticizing role. The fatty acid a-linolenic acid can improve the surface properties of the material. The soda water is a mixture of pure water and sodium bicarbonate at a mass ratio of 1000:1, which can adjust the pH value of the system and promote the reaction. The bio-based powder mixture component can be prepared by uniformly stirring at room temperature.

[0032] Specifically, when preparing the thermoplastic microporous sand granules, 40 parts by weight of the bio-based oil body compound component and 60 parts by weight of the bio-based powder mixture component are put into a low-speed / high-speed mixer, stirred at a temperature of 30°C and a speed of 4.8 Hz / min for 8 min, and then uniformly stirred to obtain a powder-glue mixture. Then, 100 parts by weight of the powder-glue mixture is put into a double-screw extrusion expander to be extruded and expanded, the material is extruded and expanded into strips at a temperature of 185°C and a speed of 210 r / min, the expanded material is crushed by a crushing system configured by the expander and passed through an 80-mesh-200-mesh screen to obtain the thermoplastic microporous sand granules. During the expansion process, the temperature is 170°C to 190°C, and the speed is 210 r / min. Under these conditions, the mixture undergoes physical and chemical changes to form a material with microporous structure. After expansion, the material has thermoplasticity, and is crushed by a crushing device to obtain thermoplastic microporous sand granules with a particle size of 80 mesh to 200 mesh.

[0033] Specifically, when the degradable material is obtained, 50 parts by weight of the thermoplastic microporous sand particles and 50 parts by weight of the solid waste powder are put into a horizontal stirrer, and after 10 minutes of circulating stirring at room temperature and a speed of 50 r / min, the material is discharged to obtain a degradable material prepared by wrapping the solid waste base with biomass. After sealing and packaging, it is stored. The particle size of the solid waste powder is less than 800 mesh, and the solid waste powder can be one or more of coal gangue, fly ash or phosphogypsum. These solid waste powders are originally waste, which are wrapped in biomass materials by mixing with thermoplastic microporous sand particles, forming a degradable material wrapped with biomass and solid waste base.

[0034] The implementation principle of the embodiment is: the preparation method uses the characteristics of biomass to wrap and assimilate the solid waste base through reasonable steps and raw material selection. In the preparation process, physical and chemical changes occur between the components, forming a material with microporous structure, which helps to adsorb and wrap the solid waste powder. Moreover, the whole process uses biological reduction mechanism, using the metabolic conversion of biomass microbial community to degrade or transform impurities in the solid waste material, not only reducing the environmental pollution of solid waste, but also preparing a degradable material, realizing the recycling of resources, compared with the traditional solid waste treatment method, it is more environmentally friendly and economical, and is conducive to large-scale popularization and application.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments is that in the preparation of the bio-based oil body sizing component, 20 parts of soybean oil, 10 parts of vegetable glycerol, 5 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 0.2 parts of agar powder, and 0.8 parts of tartaric acid are put into a glue melting machine, stirred at a temperature of 110°C and a speed of 100 r / min for 8 min, and the bio-based oil body sizing component is obtained. In the preparation of the bio-based powder mixture component, 30 parts of sweet potato starch, 3 parts of mung bean starch, 5 parts of bran, 15 parts of PBS, 0.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil, 1 part of monoglyceride, 15 parts of soda water, and 0.5 parts of silane coupling agent are put into a low / high speed mixer, stirred at a temperature of room temperature and a speed of 3.5 Hz / min for 10 min, and the bio-based powder mixture component is obtained. Then 45 parts of the bio-based oil body sizing component and 55 parts of the bio-based powder mixture component are put into a low / high speed mixer, stirred at a temperature of 33°C and a speed of 4.6 r / min for 10 min, and the powder-glue mixture is obtained. After that, 100 parts of the powder-glue mixture are put into a double-screw extruder for extrusion, the material is extruded into a strip shape at a temperature of 185°C and a speed of 210 r / min, the expanded material is crushed by the crushing system of the extruder and passed through an 80-200 mesh screen, and the thermoplastic microporous sand granules are obtained. Finally, 55 parts of the thermoplastic microporous sand granules and 45 parts of coal gangue are put into a horizontal mixer, stirred at a temperature of room temperature and a speed of 50 r / min for 10 min, and the degradable material prepared by wrapping solid waste-based biomass is obtained. After sealing and packaging, it is stored.

[0037] The implementation principle of this embodiment is that through the selection of specific raw materials, the synergistic effect between the components is more prominent. The combination of soybean oil and vegetable glycerol has good flowability and stability, the miscellaneous wood chips are widely available and low-cost, the agar powder can increase the viscosity of the mixture, and the tartaric acid can effectively adjust the pH value. The combination of sweet potato starch and bran can affect the performance of the material to some extent, the PBS has excellent biodegradability, and the epoxy soybean oil and fatty acid can improve the processing performance and surface performance of the material. The degradable material prepared in this way may have more advantages in some properties, and the selection of specific raw materials makes the production process more controllable and reduces the production cost, further improving the efficiency of resource recycling, and providing another feasible scheme for solid waste treatment and degradable material preparation.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] In this embodiment, when preparing the bio-based oil body sizing component, 20 parts of rapeseed oil, 10 parts of vegetable glycerin, 5 parts of bamboo grass, 0.5 parts of lignocellulose, and 0.5 parts of malic acid are put into a glue melting machine and stirred at a temperature of 120°C and a speed of 100 r / min for 8 min to obtain the bio-based oil body sizing component. When preparing the bio-based powder mixture component, 30 parts of cassava starch, 3 parts of mung bean starch, 5 parts of wheat straw, 10 parts of PBAT, 1 part of PLA, 0.3 parts of epoxy soybean oil, 0.2 parts of oxalic acid, 15 parts of soda water, and 0.5 parts of silane coupling agent are put into a low / high speed mixer and stirred at a temperature of room temperature and a speed of 3.0 Hz / min for 10 min to obtain the bio-based powder mixture component. Then, 50 parts of the bio-based oil body sizing component and 55 parts of the bio-based powder mixture component are put into a low / high speed mixer and stirred at a temperature of 33°C and a speed of 4.6 r / min for 10 min to obtain the powder-glue mixture. After that, 100 parts of the powder-glue mixture are put into a double-screw extruder and extruded at a temperature of 185°C and a speed of 210 r / min to form a strip-shaped material, which is crushed by a crushing system of the extruder and sieved through an 80-mesh-200-mesh screen to obtain a thermoplastic microporous sand material. Finally, 60 parts of the thermoplastic microporous sand material and 40 parts of phosphogypsum are put into a horizontal mixer and stirred at a temperature of room temperature and a speed of 50 r / min for 10 min to obtain a degradable material prepared by wrapping solid waste-based materials with biomass, which is sealed and stored after packaging.

[0040] The implementation principle of this embodiment is similar to that of the above-mentioned embodiments. Through reasonable raw material ratio and process steps, the characteristics of biomass are used to wrap solid waste-based materials. The combination of rapeseed oil, vegetable glycerin, bamboo grass, and other raw materials plays their respective roles in the formation of the bio-based oil body sizing component. Cassava starch, wheat straw, and other components play corresponding roles in the bio-based powder mixture component. The components interact with each other during the preparation process, and after the steps of expansion and crushing, a thermoplastic microporous sand material with microporous structure is formed, which is then mixed with phosphogypsum to obtain a degradable material, realizing the resource utilization of solid waste and the degradability of the material, reducing environmental pollution, and having good economic efficiency and feasibility.

[0041] Example 4

[0042] In this embodiment, when preparing the bio-based oil body rubber component, 20 parts by weight of vegetable glycerin, 6 parts of palm oil, 8 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of bamboo grass, 3 parts of rice husk, 0.5 parts of lignocellulose, 0.5 parts of malonic acid, are put into a glue melting machine, stirred at a temperature of 110°C and a speed of 100r / min for 10min, to obtain the bio-based oil body rubber component. When preparing the bio-based powder mixture component, 15 parts by weight of corn starch, 15 parts of sweet potato starch, 8 parts of wood chips, 15 parts of PLA, 5 parts of PBAT, 0.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil, 15 parts of soda water, 0.5 parts of silane coupling agent, are put into a low / high speed mixer, stirred at a temperature of room temperature and a speed of 3.5Hz / min for 10min, and after uniform stirring, the bio-based powder mixture component is obtained. Then 35 parts by weight of the bio-based oil body rubber component and 65 parts of the powder mixture are put into a low / high speed mixer, stirred at a temperature of 40°C and a speed of 5Hz / min for 5min, and after uniform stirring, the powder-rubber mixture is obtained. Then 100 parts by weight of the powder-rubber mixture is put into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion and expansion, the material is extruded into a strip shape at a temperature of 185°C and a speed of 220r / min, the expanded material is crushed by the crushing system of the extruder itself and passed through an 80-200 mesh screen, to obtain a thermoplastic microporous sand material. Finally, 70 parts by weight of the thermoplastic microporous sand material and 30 parts of solid waste-based agricultural and forestry solid waste powder are put into a horizontal mixer, stirred at a temperature of room temperature and a speed of 50r / min for 10min, and then discharged to obtain a biodegradable material prepared by wrapping solid waste.

[0043] The implementation principle of this embodiment is that the combination of multiple plant oils can comprehensively utilize their characteristics to bring better performance to the material. After treatment, agricultural and forestry solid waste powder such as bamboo grass and rice husk can be used as a filling material to enhance the strength of the material. The combination of corn starch and sweet potato starch, and the cooperation of PLA and PBAT, all play their respective roles in the formation and performance of the material. In the preparation process, the components react and interact with each other to form a thermoplastic microporous sand material with microporous structure, which is then mixed with agricultural and forestry solid waste powder to realize the reuse of solid waste, prepare a biodegradable material, and meet the concept of resource recycling. The selection of raw materials and the combination of process steps can meet different production needs and performance requirements to a certain extent.

[0044] Example 5

[0045] The degradable material provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a biomass part and a solid waste-based part, wherein the biomass part comprises vegetable oil, forestry solid waste powder, thickening agent, vegetable acid, vegetable starch, vegetable fiber, biodegradable resin, fatty acid and soda water, the solid waste-based part is one or more of coal gangue, fly ash or phosphogypsum, the mass ratio of the biomass part to the solid waste-based part is 1:1, and the material has a micropore structure. The composition and structure achieve the effect of effectively utilizing the solid waste-based part and ensuring the degradability of the material, because the various components in the biomass part cooperate with each other to form a framework wrapping the solid waste-based part, and the micropore structure helps to improve the adsorption and degradability of the material.

[0046] Specifically, the vegetable oil in the biomass part can be one or a combination of the various vegetable oils mentioned above, and the characteristics of different vegetable oils can bring different properties to the material. After treatment, the forestry solid waste powder such as rice straw and wheat straw can be used as a filling material to enhance the strength of the material. The components such as thickening agent, vegetable acid, vegetable starch, vegetable fiber, biodegradable resin, fatty acid and soda water all play their respective roles in the formation and properties of the material. For example, the biodegradable resin can ensure that the material can be decomposed in a natural environment, and the vegetable fiber can enhance the mechanical properties of the material.

[0047] The coal gangue, fly ash or phosphogypsum in the solid waste-based part is originally waste, which is effectively wrapped in the biomass material by mixing with the biomass part at a mass ratio of 1:1. The coal gangue contains certain mineral and carbonaceous components, the fly ash has pozzolanic activity, and the phosphogypsum is a waste from chemical production. After being wrapped in the biomass, they not only reduce pollution to the environment, but also endow the material with some special properties.

[0048] The implementation principle of the embodiment is that the degradable material is based on the biological reduction mechanism, and utilizes the metabolic conversion of the biomass microbial community to degrade or convert the impurities in the solid waste-based part. The components in the biomass part interact with each other to form a structure with certain strength and stability, which wraps the solid waste-based part. The micropore structure makes the material have a larger specific surface area, which is conducive to the attachment and metabolism of microorganisms and accelerates the degradation process of the material. This material can replace part of the petroleum-based plastic plate raw material, and is suitable for making various types of biodegradable plastic plates, realizes the recycling of resources, conforms to the concept of sustainable development, and has important significance for environmental protection and resource conservation.

[0049] The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present application, it is understood that if the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are only used for exemplary illustration, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present patent, for those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a biodegradable material by encapsulating solid waste with biomass, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S01. Mix vegetable oil, agricultural and forestry solid waste powder, thickener and phytic acid, and stir under heating conditions until semi-transparent to prepare a bio-based oil-based adhesive component. S02. After mixing plant starch, plant fiber, biodegradable resin, plant oil, fatty acid and soda water, stir evenly at room temperature to prepare a bio-based powder mixture component. S03. The bio-based oil-based adhesive component is mixed with the bio-based powder mixture component and then expanded and extruded, and then crushed to obtain thermoplastic microporous sand particles. S04. The thermoplastic microporous sand is mixed with solid waste powder to obtain the biodegradable material with biomass-encapsulated solid waste base, wherein the solid waste powder is one or more of coal gangue, fly ash or phosphogypsum.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vegetable oil includes one or more of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, vegetable glycerin, or palm oil; the agricultural and forestry solid waste powder includes one or more of rice straw, wheat straw, rice husk, sugar coating, mountain grass, or mixed wood chips with a particle size of 100 to 200 mesh; and the thickener includes one or more of agar powder, xanthan gum, or lignocellulose.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant starch includes one or more of corn starch, mung bean starch, sweet potato starch, or cassava starch; the plant fiber includes one or more of bamboo fiber, rice straw fiber, sorghum stalk fiber, sugarcane fiber, or mixed wood fiber; and the biodegradable resin includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid, polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, or polybutylene succinate.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fatty acid includes α-linolenic acid, the soda water is a mixed solution of purified water and sodium bicarbonate at a mass ratio of 1000:1, and the plant acid includes one or more of citric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, and malic acid.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biodegradable resin includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid, polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, or polybutylene succinate.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating temperature in step S01 is 110°C to 130°C, and the stirring speed is 20 r / min to 40 r / min.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S03, the puffing temperature is 170℃ to 190℃, and the rotation speed is 210 r / min.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the solid waste-based powder is less than 800 mesh, and the particle size of the thermoplastic microporous sand is 80 to 200 mesh.

9. A biodegradable material, characterized in that, The material is obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising a biomass portion and a solid waste-based portion, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass portion to the solid waste-based portion is 1:1, and the material has a microporous structure.

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