Welding device and method for fabricated subway station construction

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding device and method for fabricated subway station construction, and relates to the technical field of welding. According to the welding device and method for construction of the fabricated subway station, a welding base with a movable guide rail and a laser welding head fixed to the top of a supporting base and used for welding are included; the top of the welding base is provided with a fixing assembly used for fixing plate pieces or ring pieces with different radians and a protection assembly matched with the fixing assembly to provide gas protection for the welding position, and the fixing assembly comprises a fixing suction cup located over the welding base and used for fixing the plate pieces or the ring pieces to be welded; the supporting shaft is driven by external force to drive the supporting sleeve to rotate, the angle of the fixing suction cup and the position of the plate pieces or the ring pieces are changed, steel connectors or reinforcers between the ring pieces or the plate pieces to be welded can be accurately positioned to the welding position through the fixing assembly, and the welding device can adapt to the ring pieces or the plate pieces of different radians and sizes. And the flexibility and the universality of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding technology, specifically to a welding device and method for the construction of prefabricated subway stations. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated subway stations are a new type of subway station construction method. This method is faster, saves a lot of manpower, and can greatly improve the cost of subway station construction, making a significant contribution to promoting the rapid development of cities. Currently, during the construction of prefabricated subway stations, prefabricated components need to be transported to the site and then welded. This includes steel joints or reinforcements between rings or plates in concrete components. Welding the two together ensures the integrity and stability of the structure. However, different subway station design requirements result in different curvatures of rings or plates, leading to different movement paths when the two are assembled. Currently, the clamps on the welding equipment can usually only adapt to one path, and an additional protective component adapted to the welding path is required to provide gas protection, which is very troublesome.

[0003] For example, the fixing device for welding flexible assembly of car rear wings disclosed in announcement number CN112045352B can adapt to the required arc of the car rear through the fixed arc component, but when switching to other arcs, it is very troublesome to adjust multiple fixed arc components in turn. The laser welding clamping device disclosed in announcement number CN210387991U can clamp curved bodies, but the angle that can be adapted is limited, and the size of the products that can be fixed is usually small, making it difficult to adapt to the need to fix rings or plates for welding steel joints or reinforcements.

[0004] Therefore, a welding device and method for prefabricated subway construction are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a welding device and method for prefabricated subway station construction, solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a welding device for prefabricated subway construction, comprising a welding base with a movable guide rail, a central control screen with a vision recognition system fixed to the side of the welding base, a support seat movably mounted on the movable guide rail, and a laser welding head fixed to the top of the support seat for welding. The top of the welding base is provided with a fixing component for fixing plates or rings of different curvatures, and a protective component adapted to the fixing component to provide gas protection at the welding point. The fixing component includes:

[0007] The fixed suction cup is located directly above the welding base to fix the plate or ring to be welded;

[0008] The support rod is fixed at one end to the bottom of the suction cup, providing support for the suction cup;

[0009] The support sleeve is slidably fitted outside the support rod to restrict the direction of movement of the support rod;

[0010] The support shaft is fixed at one end to the support sleeve. Under the drive of external force, it drives the support sleeve to rotate, changing the angle of the fixed suction cup and the position of the plate or ring.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing assembly further includes: a support plate, the bottom of which is fixed to the top of the welding base; a power push rod, the bottom of which is fixed to the welding base; a trapezoidal plate, the bottom of which is fixed to the output end of the power push rod and moves under the drive of the power push rod; and an inclined block, the bottom of which slides against the top of the trapezoidal plate and one end of which slides through the support plate and moves laterally along the support plate under the drive of the trapezoidal plate.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing assembly further includes: a spring, one end of which is fixed to the inclined block and the other end of which is fixed inside the support plate, providing the inclined block with the elastic force required for resetting; the other end of the support shaft is movably mounted on the side wall of the inclined block through a bearing, and can move synchronously with the inclined block under the action of external force and rotate around the support shaft; and a connecting rod, one end of which is fixed to the support rod, and the side wall of which is slidably fitted with the support sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing assembly further includes: a reversing gear fixed on the support shaft; a power gear meshing with the reversing gear and driving the reversing gear to rotate; a power motor fixed on the power gear via a drive shaft and driving the power gear to rotate; and an air pump whose output end is connected to the fixed suction cup via an air pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the fixing assembly further includes an extension mechanism for improving the splicing speed. The extension mechanism includes: a crossbar, one end of which is fixed to the support rod; a driven push rod, the output end of which is fixed to the bottom of the crossbar; and a second spring, one end of which is fixed to the bottom of the support rod and the other end of which is fixed inside the support sleeve, providing elastic force for the support rod to reset.

[0015] Preferably, the protective assembly includes: an isolation plate, one side of which is fixed to a support rod, and the other side is open with a through-hole at the edge; a driven bladder, fixed inside the isolation plate, which isolates the welding area after expansion and deformation; and an air storage bladder, the bottom of which is fixed inside the isolation plate and connected to the driven bladder via an air supply pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the protection assembly further includes: a movable plate, slidably mounted inside the isolation plate, with its sidewall abutting against the air reservoir; a fixed rod, one end of which is fixed to the movable plate; a spring three, one end of which is fixed to the fixed rod, providing a restoring elastic force to the fixed rod; and a limiting plate, one end of which is fixed to the outside of the isolation plate, with its inner wall slidingly engaged with the fixed rod to limit the movement direction of the fixed rod.

[0017] Preferably, the protective assembly further includes: a pressing plate, one end of which abuts against a movable plate; a mounting shaft, which is hinged to the pressing plate via a torsion spring, and the other end of which is mounted on the isolation plate via a bearing and a mounting plate; a power rod, the side wall of which is fixed to one end of the isolation plate; and a connecting pipe, one end of which is fixed inside the isolation plate, which connects to the isolation area and then delivers protective gas inward.

[0018] The present invention also provides a welding method suitable for a welding device used in the construction of prefabricated subway stations, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. The ring or plate to be welded together with the steel joint or reinforcement is abutted against the fixed suction cup and fixed together after vacuuming.

[0020] S2. Control the operation of the fixing components on the central control screen, and adjust the position and angle of the fixed ring or plate so that the steel joint or reinforcement to be welded is in the welding position.

[0021] S3. During step S2, the protection component operates synchronously to isolate the area to be welded from the surrounding environment.

[0022] S4. The central control screen controls the support to move along the mobile guide rail, which drives the laser welding head to the welding position and performs welding. Protective gas is also delivered to the isolation area through the protective components.

[0023] S5. After welding is completed, release the vacuum state of the fixed suction cup, move the welding base to the next position to be welded, and repeat steps S1-S5 until the prefabricated subway station construction is completed.

[0024] Preferably, the adjustment range of the angle of the fixed ring or plate is between 0-45°.

[0025] This invention provides a welding device and method for the construction of prefabricated subway stations. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0026] (1) The welding device and method for prefabricated subway construction can accurately position the steel joints or reinforcing parts between the rings or plates to be welded to the welding position through the fixing components. This can greatly shorten the preparation time, speed up the construction progress, and adapt to rings or plates of different curvatures and sizes, increasing the flexibility and versatility of the system. It is suitable for the manufacturing of products of various specifications, reducing the cost of designing special fixtures for each specification. At the same time, the laser welding method with preset welding path ensures the consistency of each welding and reduces the error caused by human factors.

[0027] (2) The welding device and method used for prefabricated subway construction further enhances the adjustable freedom of the fixed ring or plate in space, improves support stability, speeds up positioning and improves accuracy through the extension mechanism, ensures uniform weld gap, improves laser welding quality, and the extension component provides additional support points and constraints to form a more stable "rigid frame" that effectively resists thermal stress and mechanical disturbance during the welding process, ensures the repeatability of each assembly, provides stable input conditions for laser welding, reduces weld defects, and provides a reliable benchmark for the trajectory planning of the laser welding head with high precision positioning, thus realizing unmanned or minimally manned high-quality welding.

[0028] (3) The welding device and method used for prefabricated subway construction provides an ideal environment for laser welding, extends equipment life, improves operational reliability, can adapt to the welding needs of steel joints or reinforcements between rings or plates with different curvatures, and maintains high welding quality. It can also integrate temperature and humidity sensors, oxygen content detectors, infrared thermometers, etc., to realize closed-loop control of real-time monitoring, feedback adjustment and automatic compensation, and transform welding from "experience-dependent" to "parameter-controllable", which significantly improves the stability and repeatability of the construction process.

[0029] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is another perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the single-sided protection component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram showing the position of the laser welding head of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the single-sided fixing component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a side sectional view of the support plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the position of the power motor of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a side sectional view of the support sleeve of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram showing the position of spring two in this invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the support rod of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram showing the position of the extrusion plate of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a side sectional view of the isolation plate of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled state of the air storage bladder of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the exploded state of the limiting plate of the present invention.

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Welding base; 11. Central control screen; 12. Moving guide rail; 13. Support seat; 14. Laser welding head; 2. Support plate; 21. Power push rod; 22. Trapezoidal plate; 23. Inclined block; 24. Spring 1; 25. Support shaft; 26. Variable direction gear; 27. Power gear; 28. Power motor; 29. ​​Connecting rod; 210. Support sleeve; 211. Support rod; 212. Fixed suction cup; 213. Air pipe; 214. Air pump; 215. Crossbar; 216. Driven push rod; 201. Spring 2; 3. Isolation plate; 31. Driven bladder; 32. Air reservoir; 33. Moving plate; 34. Fixed rod; 35. Spring 3; 36. Limiting plate; 37. Extrusion plate; 38. Mounting shaft; 39. Power rod; 4. Connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The devices or elements referred to in the embodiments of this application or implied herein must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0047] Please see Figures 1 to 14 The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0048] Example 1: A welding device for prefabricated subway construction includes a welding base 1 with a movable guide rail 12, a central control screen 11 fixedly mounted on the side of the welding base 1 and equipped with a vision recognition system, a support base 13 movably mounted on the movable guide rail 12 at its bottom, a laser welding head 14 fixedly mounted on the top of the support base 13 for laser welding, and a fixing assembly for fixing plates or rings of different curvatures on the top of the welding base 1. The fixing assembly includes: a support plate 2, a power push rod 21, a trapezoidal plate 22, an inclined block 23, a spring 24, a support shaft 25, a reversing gear 26, a power gear 27, and a power motor 28.

[0049] The bottom of the support plate 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the welding base 1. The bottom of the power push rod 21 is fixedly installed on the welding base 1. The bottom of the trapezoidal plate 22 is fixedly installed on the output end of the power push rod 21. The trapezoidal plate 22 can move vertically under the drive of the power push rod 21. The bottom of the inclined block 23 slides against the top of the trapezoidal plate 22. One end of the inclined block 23 slides through the support plate 2. The inclined block 23 can move laterally along the support plate 2 under the drive of the trapezoidal plate 22. One end of the spring 24 is fixedly installed on the inclined block 23. The other end of the spring 24 is fixedly installed in the support plate 2. The spring 24 can provide the spring force required for the inclined block 23 to reset. One end of the support shaft 25 is fixedly installed on the support sleeve 210. The support shaft 25 can drive the support sleeve 210 to rotate under the drive of external force, thereby changing the angle of the fixed suction cup 212 and the position of the plate or ring. The reversing gear 26 is fixedly installed on the support shaft 25. The power gear 27 is meshed with the reversing gear 26, thereby driving the reversing gear 26 to rotate. The output end of the power motor 28 is fixedly connected to the power gear 27 through the drive shaft. The power motor 28 can drive the power gear 27 to rotate. The other end of the support shaft 25 is movably installed on the side wall of the inclined block 23 through the bearing. It can move synchronously with the inclined block 23 under the action of external force and rotate with the support shaft 25 as the axis.

[0050] In use, the ring or plate used in the prefabricated subway station is installed on the support shaft 25 by bolts or other detachable methods with the help of an auxiliary rod. Then, the power motor 28 is started by controlling the central control screen 11. The power motor 28 drives the drive shaft to rotate, the drive shaft drives the power gear 27 to rotate, the power gear 27 drives the reversing gear 26 to rotate, the reversing gear 26 drives the support shaft 25 to rotate, and the support shaft 25 drives the auxiliary rod and the ring or plate installed on it to rotate.

[0051] Simultaneously, the power push rod 21 is activated via the central control screen 11, which drives the trapezoidal plate 22 to move. The trapezoidal plate 22 slides against the inclined block 23, causing the trapezoidal plate 22 to push the inclined block 23 to move. The inclined block 23 slides against the support plate 2, allowing the inclined block 23 to move linearly along the support plate 2 only under external force. The inclined block 23 synchronously drives the support shaft 25 to move, thereby bringing the steel joint or reinforcement between the two ring pieces or plates to be welded closer to each other. At the same time, the inclined block 23 drives the connecting rod 29 to move, which in turn drives the power motor 28, drive shaft, and power gear 27 to move synchronously, thus keeping the power gear 27 and the reversing gear 26 in a meshing state at all times.

[0052] The system uses cameras on the welding base 1 and support 13 to capture images, which are then transmitted to the visual recognition system on the central control screen 11 for identification. This system determines whether the steel joint or reinforcement between the two ring pieces or plates to be welded has moved to the welding position. If it has moved to the welding position, the support 13 is moved along the moving guide rail 12 by the control screen 11. The support 13 drives the laser welding head 14 to move, thereby welding the steel joint or reinforcement between the two ring pieces or plates together. If it has not moved to the welding position, the power push rod 21 and the power motor 28 are further controlled to start until the ring piece or plate to be welded moves to the welding position, and then welding is carried out.

[0053] Furthermore, a pressure plate fixing mechanism or other existing technologies that can achieve this effect can be provided on the drive shaft at a position that does not obstruct the power gear 27 to fix the drive shaft when there is no need to change the angle.

[0054] The technical solution of this embodiment that differs from the previous embodiment includes: the fixing component also includes: a connecting rod 29, a support sleeve 210, a support rod 211, a fixing suction cup 212, an air pipe 213, an air pump 214, and an extension mechanism for improving splicing speed. The extension mechanism includes: a crossbar 215, a driven push rod 216, and a second spring 201.

[0055] One end of the support rod 211 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the fixed suction cup 212. A through hole is provided inside the support rod 211. The support rod 211 is used to provide support for the fixed suction cup 212. The support sleeve 210 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the support rod 211. The support sleeve 210 is used to restrict the movement direction of the support rod 211. One end of the connecting rod 29 is fixedly installed on the support rod 211. The side wall of the connecting rod 29 is slidably engaged with the support sleeve 210. The fixed suction cup 212 is located directly above the welding base 1, and its bottom is fixedly installed on the top of the support rod 211 and communicates with the through hole. The fixed suction cup 212 is used for the plate or ring to be welded. The air pump 214 is fixed in place. Its output end is connected to the fixed suction cup 212 through the air pipe 213 and the through hole. The air pump 214 is a vacuum pump or other pump with vacuum function. One end of the crossbar 215 is fixedly installed on the support rod 211. The output end of the driven push rod 216 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the crossbar 215. The bottom of the driven push rod 216 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support rod 211 through the connecting plate. One end of the second spring 201 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the support rod 211. The other end of the second spring 201 is fixedly installed in the support sleeve 210. The second spring 201 can provide elastic force for the support rod 211 to reset.

[0056] In use, during the preparation stage, one side of the ring or plate is placed against the fixed suction cup 212. Then, the air pump 214 is started by controlling the central control screen 11. The air pump 214 and the air pipe 213 extract the gas from the cavity formed between the fixed suction cup 212 and the ring or plate, so that the ring or plate is connected to the fixed suction cup 212.

[0057] The driven push rod 216 is activated by the central control screen 11. The driven push rod 216 drives the crossbar 215 to move. The crossbar 215 drives the two support rods 211 on the same side to move synchronously. The support rods 211 and the support sleeve 210 slide together, so that the support rods 211 can only move in a straight line along the support sleeve 210 under the action of external force. At the same time, the support sleeve 210 is fixedly connected to the support shaft 25, so that the deflection of the support shaft 25 can synchronously drive the deflection of the support sleeve 210. The support rods 211 drive the fixed suction cup 212 and the ring or plate installed on it to move synchronously, thereby moving the ring or plate to the design position. At the same time, it can assist the power push rod 21 and the power motor 28 to move the ring or plate to the welding position more quickly. Especially after the power motor 28 drives the reversing gear 26 to rotate, the position of the ring or plate can be changed not only by changing the height of the power push rod 21, but also by changing the height of the driven push rod 216. This not only allows for faster adjustment to the welding position, but also for greater precision.

[0058] In another embodiment different from the aforementioned embodiment, a sliding sleeve is added to the side of the two support sleeves 210 on the same side near the outside of the welding base 1, and a sliding rod is also slidably inserted inside the sliding sleeve. The acute angle formed between the sliding sleeve and the support sleeve 210 is between 45° and 60°. A set of fixed suction cups 212, air pipes 213, and air pumps 214 are also provided at the end of the sliding rod away from the support sleeve 210. At the same time, an electric push rod and a combination rod are also provided between the sliding rod and the sliding sleeve, and the two sliding rods are connected by the combination rod.

[0059] When fixing the ring or plate, the electric push rod drives the combined rod to move, which in turn drives the two sliding rods on the same side to move synchronously. This allows the fixing suction cup 212 to better adapt to rings or plates with different curvatures, and a single ring or plate can be fixed by four fixing suction cups, making the support more stable. Furthermore, it can be integrated with a sensor network to provide real-time feedback on data such as position, force, and temperature, supporting digital twins, process monitoring, and quality traceability, and providing a hardware foundation for future access to BIM systems and smart construction site platforms.

[0060] It is particularly effective when used for welding steel joints or reinforcements between rings or plates of the following shapes:

[0061] When splicing circular or horseshoe-shaped prefabricated rings in subway stations, the expansion mechanism can automatically compensate for manufacturing tolerances and transportation deformations to achieve "zero gap" connection; for irregularly shaped panels such as variable curvature roof panels and side walls, the expansion mechanism can dynamically adjust the support angle to ensure smooth joints.

[0062] The technical solution that differs from the previous embodiments in this embodiment includes: the top of the welding base 1 is provided with a protective component for adapting the fixing component to provide gas protection for the welding point. The protective component includes: an isolation plate 3, a driven bladder 31, a gas storage bladder 32, a moving plate 33, a fixing rod 34, a spring 35, a limiting plate 36, a pressing plate 37, a mounting shaft 38, a power rod 39, and a connecting pipe 4.

[0063] One side of the isolation plate 3 is fixedly installed on the support rod 211, and the other side of the isolation plate 3 is open with a through-hole at the edge. The side wall of the driven bladder 31 is fixedly installed inside the isolation plate 3. After the driven bladder 31 expands and deforms, it isolates the welding area. The bottom of the air storage bladder 32 is fixedly installed inside the isolation plate 3. The air storage bladder 32 and the driven bladder 31 are connected by an air supply pipe. The moving plate 33 is slidably installed inside the isolation plate 3. One side wall of the moving plate 33 slides against the air storage bladder 32. One end of the fixing rod 34 is fixedly installed on the moving plate 33, and the other end of the fixing rod 34 slides through the limiting plate 36. One end of the spring 35 is fixedly installed on the fixing rod 34, and the other end of the spring 35 is fixedly installed on the isolation plate 3. 5 provides a restoring elastic force to the fixed rod 34. One end of the limiting plate 36 is fixedly installed on the outside of the isolation plate 3. The inner wall of the limiting plate 36 is slidably engaged with the fixed rod 34. The limiting plate 36 is used to limit the movement direction of the fixed rod 34. One end of the extrusion plate 37 slides against the moving plate 33. The mounting shaft 38 and the extrusion plate 37 are hinged by a torsion spring. The other end of the mounting shaft 38 is movably installed on the mounting plate through a bearing. One end of the mounting plate is fixedly installed on the isolation plate 3. The side wall of the power rod 39 is fixedly installed on one end of the isolation plate 3. The power rod 39 is used to squeeze the extrusion plate 37 on the other side to rotate around the mounting shaft 38. One end of the connecting pipe 4 is fixedly installed inside the isolation plate 3. The connecting pipe 4 is used to deliver protective gas into the isolation area after connecting the isolation area.

[0064] In use, an isolation plate 3 is fixedly installed on the support rod 211 on the same side. When the steel joint or reinforcement between the two ring pieces or plates to be welded approaches each other and moves to the welding position under the action of the support rods 211 on both sides of the moving guide rail 12, the two isolation plates 3 also approach each other as the support rods 211 move. The isolation plate 3 drives the power rod 39 to move synchronously, so that the power rod 39 can squeeze the extrusion plate 37 to move, so that the extrusion plate 37 rotates around the mounting shaft 38. After the extrusion plate 37 rotates, it squeezes the moving plate 33 to move towards the side where the air storage bag 32 is located. The fixed rod 34 provides support for the moving plate 33 and limits it at the same time. The fixed rod 34 and the limiting plate 36 slide together, so that the fixed rod 34 can only move under the action of external force. The device can move linearly along the limiting plate 36. After moving through the moving plate 33, it squeezes the gas storage bag 32, causing the gas in the gas storage bag 32 to flow to the driven bag 31 through the gas supply pipe, causing the driven bag 31 to expand. With the help of the two isolation plates 3, the driven bags 31 in the two isolation plates expand synchronously and squeeze together. At the same time, a part of the top area of ​​the driven bag 31 abuts against the ring plate or plate, thereby completing the isolation of the welding area. After the driven bag 31 expands, a part of the area abuts against the support base 13, so that the laser welding head 14 is located in the isolation area. When the support base 13 and the laser welding head 14 move along the moving guide rail 12, the driven bag 31 can adapt to deformation while maintaining a certain sealing effect, thereby preventing the fumes generated during the welding process from directly drifting into the underground environment.

[0065] After welding is completed, the support rods 211 on both sides are moved away from each other by controlling the central control screen 11. The moving plate 33 is reset under the action of the spring 35, and the gas in the driven bag 31 flows back to the storage bag 32 through the gas delivery pipe.

[0066] In another embodiment, distinct from the aforementioned embodiments, the isolation area is connected to the outside world via a connecting pipe 4 on the isolation plate 3. A dehumidifying and heating device is connected to the connecting pipe 4 to reduce the humidity at the welding points of the steel joints or reinforcements on the ring or plate in the isolation area and to increase the temperature in the isolation area. This provides a stable and clean microenvironment for laser welding, preventing defects such as porosity and cracks caused by interference from moisture and wind speed. At the same time, it can preheat the steel joints or reinforcements in the area to be welded before welding and keep them warm after welding, reducing the cooling rate, reducing the tendency of martensitic phase transformation, preventing cold cracks, reducing thermal stress, and reducing problems such as rework, repair welding, and non-compliance of flaw detection caused by adverse environment, thereby improving the first-pass yield of welding.

[0067] In another embodiment, which differs from the aforementioned embodiment, a connecting pipe 4 is added to a single isolation plate 3 and connected to a protective gas circulation supply device, or combined with the aforementioned dehumidification and heating device, to supply dry, high-temperature protective gas to the isolation area, thereby replacing the air and flue gas in the isolation area, isolating and protecting the welding position, preventing the molten pool from reacting with oxygen and nitrogen in the air, avoiding problems such as oxidation, nitriding, increased spatter, and weld embrittlement, and having high gas utilization rate in a relatively enclosed space, saving gas consumption.

[0068] This invention also provides a welding method for a welding device suitable for prefabricated subway station construction, comprising the following steps:

[0069] S1. The ring or plate to be welded together with the steel joint or reinforcement is abutted against the fixed suction cup 212 and fixed together after vacuuming.

[0070] S2. Control the operation of the fixing components on the central control screen 11, and adjust the position and angle of the fixed ring or plate so that the steel joint or reinforcement to be welded is in the welding position.

[0071] S3. During step S2, the protection component operates synchronously to isolate the area to be welded from the surrounding environment.

[0072] S4. The central control screen 11 controls the support base 13 to move along the moving guide rail 12, which drives the laser welding head 14 to the welding position and performs welding. The protective gas is also delivered to the isolation area through the protective component.

[0073] S5. After welding is completed, release the vacuum state of the fixing suction cup 212, move the welding base 1 to the next position to be welded, and repeat steps S1-S5 until the prefabricated subway station construction is completed.

[0074] The adjustment range for the angle of the fixed ring or plate is between 0 and 45°.

[0075] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0077] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A welding device for prefabricated subway construction, comprising a welding base (1) with a movable guide rail (12), a central control screen (11) with a vision recognition system fixed to the side of the welding base (1), a support seat (13) movably mounted on the movable guide rail (12), and a laser welding head (14) fixed to the top of the support seat (13) for welding, characterized in that, The welding base (1) is provided with a fixing component on its top for fixing plates or rings of different curvatures, and a protective component adapted to the fixing component to provide gas protection for the welding joint. The fixing component includes: The fixed suction cup (212) is located directly above the welding base (1) to fix the plate or ring to be welded; The support rod (211) is fixed at one end to the bottom of the fixed suction cup (212) to provide support for the fixed suction cup (212); The support sleeve (210) is slidably sleeved outside the support rod (211) to restrict the movement direction of the support rod (211); The support shaft (25) is fixed at one end to the support sleeve (210). Under the drive of external force, it drives the support sleeve (210) to rotate, changing the angle of the fixed suction cup (212) and the position of the plate or ring.

2. The welding device for prefabricated subway station construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing component also includes: The support plate (2) is fixed at the bottom to the top of the welding base (1); The power push rod (21) is fixed at the bottom to the welding base (1); The trapezoidal plate (22) is fixed at the bottom to the output end of the power push rod (21) and moves under the drive of the power push rod (21); The inclined block (23) slides against the top of the trapezoidal plate (22) at its bottom and slides through the support plate (2) at one end. Driven by the trapezoidal plate (22), it moves laterally along the support plate (2).

3. The welding device for prefabricated subway station construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing component also includes: Spring 1 (24) has one end fixed to the inclined block (23) and the other end fixed inside the support plate (2), providing the spring force required for the inclined block (23) to reset; The other end of the support shaft (25) is movably mounted on the side wall of the inclined block (23) via a bearing, and can move synchronously with the inclined block (23) under the action of external force and rotate with the support shaft (25) as the axis; The connecting rod (29) is fixed at one end to the support rod (211), and its side wall is slidably fitted with the support sleeve (210).

4. The welding device for prefabricated subway station construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing component also includes: A reversing gear (26) is fixed on a support shaft (25); The drive gear (27) meshes with the reversing gear (26) and drives the reversing gear (26) to rotate; The power motor (28) is fixed on the power gear (27) via the drive shaft and drives the power gear (27) to rotate; The air pump (214) has its output end connected to the fixed suction cup (212) via an air pipe (213).

5. A welding device for prefabricated subway station construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing component also includes an extension mechanism for improving the splicing speed, the extension mechanism comprising: A crossbar (215) is fixed at one end to a support rod (211); The driven push rod (216) has its output end fixed to the bottom of the crossbar (215); Spring 2 (201) has one end fixed to the bottom of the support rod (211) and the other end fixed inside the support sleeve (210), providing elastic force for the support rod (211) to reset.

6. The welding device for prefabricated subway station construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection component includes: The isolation plate (3) is fixed on one side to the support rod (211) and has an opening on the other side with a through opening at the edge; The driven bladder (31) is fixed inside the isolation plate (3), and after expansion and deformation, it isolates the welding area; The air reservoir (32) is fixed at the bottom inside the isolation plate (3) and is connected to the driven bladder (31) through an air supply pipe.

7. A welding device for prefabricated subway station construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The protection component also includes: The movable plate (33) is slidably installed inside the isolation plate (3), and its side wall abuts against the air storage bag (32); A fixed rod (34) is fixed at one end to a movable plate (33); Spring 3 (35) is fixed at one end to the fixed rod (34) to provide the fixed rod (34) with a restoring elastic force; The limiting plate (36) is fixed at one end to the outside of the isolation plate (3), and its inner wall slides with the fixing rod (34) to restrict the movement direction of the fixing rod (34).

8. A welding device for prefabricated subway station construction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The protection component also includes: The extrusion plate (37) abuts against the movable plate (33) at one end; The mounting shaft (38) is hinged to the extrusion plate (37) by a torsion spring, and the other end is mounted on the isolation plate (3) by a bearing and a mounting plate; The power rod (39) has its sidewall fixed to one end of the isolation plate (3); The connecting pipe (4) is fixed at one end inside the isolation plate (3) and supplies protective gas to the isolation area after connecting the isolation area.

9. A welding method applicable to the welding device for prefabricated subway station construction as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The ring or plate to be welded together with the steel joint or reinforcement is abutted against the fixed suction cup (212) and fixed together after vacuuming; S2. Control the operation of the fixed component on the central control screen (11) to adjust the position and angle of the fixed ring or plate so that the steel joint or reinforcement to be welded is in the welding position. S3. During step S2, the protection component operates synchronously to isolate the area to be welded from the surrounding environment. S4. The central control screen (11) controls the support base (13) to move along the moving guide rail (12), which drives the laser welding head (14) to the welding position and performs welding, and delivers protective gas to the isolation area through the protective component. S5. After welding is completed, release the vacuum state of the fixed suction cup (212), move the welding base (1) to the next welding position and repeat steps S1-S5 until the prefabricated subway station construction is completed.

10. A welding method for a welding device used in the construction of prefabricated subway stations according to claim 9, characterized in that: The adjustment range of the fixed ring or plate angle is between 0-45°.

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