Silicon steel sheet lamination press-fitting equipment based on self-control pressure

Abstract

The invention discloses silicon steel sheet lamination press-fitting equipment based on self-control pressure, and relates to the technical field of silicon steel sheet manufacturing equipment.The silicon steel sheet lamination press-fitting equipment comprises a C-shaped rack, a pressure conduction block and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, a cross oil guide groove is milled in the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure conduction block, and two rows of needle bearings are symmetrically installed on the side face of the outer wall of the pressure conduction block; a lamination pressing plate is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure conduction block, an annular oil cavity is formed in the top end of the outer wall of the lamination pressing plate and communicates with an oil guide groove, a pressure sensing film is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the outer wall of the lamination pressing plate, and a strain grid is etched at the rear end of the outer wall of the pressure sensing film. The pressure sensing film is used for etching the strain grid to sense the press-fitting pressure, real-time detection and automatic closed-loop adjustment of the press-fitting pressure are achieved, the problems that the pressure fluctuation of press-fitting equipment is large, and overpressure deformation or insufficient pressure looseness of a laminated sheet is caused by adjustment depending on artificial experience are solved, and the compactness and flatness of the laminated sheet and the consistency of the performance of an iron core are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of silicon steel sheet manufacturing equipment technology, specifically to a silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure. Background Art

[0002] Silicon steel sheets, a type of thin sheet with a silicon content ranging from 0.5% to 4.5% and a thickness typically less than 1 mm, have become a key material for constructing the cores of various transformers, motors, and generators due to their unique electromagnetic properties.

[0003] However, current traditional silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment has revealed many drawbacks in actual operation. In terms of automation, some equipment suffers from low automation levels and heavy reliance on manual operation. Regarding pressure control, traditional equipment has significant shortcomings. Pressure control accuracy is poor, failing to precisely adapt to the pressing requirements of silicon steel sheets of different materials and thicknesses. Excessive pressure can easily cause mechanical damage to the silicon steel sheets; insufficient pressure will result in loose adhesion between the sheets, increasing the magnetic resistance of the core and reducing the performance of electrical equipment. Furthermore, traditional equipment struggles to dynamically adjust pressure during the pressing process, failing to address pressure variations caused by factors such as increased layer count and material inhomogeneity during silicon steel sheet stacking.

[0004] Patent CN107458864B discloses a transformer silicon steel sheet stacking equipment and its feeding device. This patent achieves automated feeding via the feeding device, replacing the traditional manual feeding method, reducing labor intensity, improving work efficiency, ensuring stacking requirements, and increasing feeding accuracy. This invention also discloses a transformer silicon steel sheet stacking equipment including the aforementioned feeding device.

[0005] The aforementioned patent achieves automated feeding of silicon steel sheets through a double-layer conveyor belt and a lifting material handling platform, effectively reducing manual labor intensity and improving feeding efficiency, but it does not address the core pressure control issue in the stacking and pressing process.

[0006] To this end, this application proposes a silicon steel sheet stacking press-fitting device that enables real-time monitoring of the pressure distribution on the press-fitting contact surface through a strain gauge etched on a pressure-sensing membrane, combined with a PID controller generating a PWM signal to drive the alignment plate in the horizontal and vertical directions to dynamically adjust the stacked sheet position, and the cooperation of needle roller bearings and wedge-shaped slide rails to convert the radial displacement caused by uneven stacking into axial compensation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing device based on self-controlled pressure, so as to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, such as low level of equipment automation and difficulty in dynamically adjusting pressure during the pressing process.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing device based on self-controlled pressure, comprising a C-shaped frame, a pressure transmission block and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, wherein the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the outer side of the C-shaped frame, and the output end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is provided with a pressure transmission block;

[0009] The bottom of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block is milled with a cross-shaped oil guide groove. Two rows of needle roller bearings are symmetrically installed on the side of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block. A stacked pressure plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block. An annular oil cavity is opened at the top of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate. The annular oil cavity is connected to the oil guide groove. A pressure sensing diaphragm is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate. A strain gauge is etched at the rear end of the outer wall of the pressure sensing diaphragm.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the upper crossbeam of the C-shaped frame has three T-slots, each T-slot is fitted with a hydraulic cylinder mounting seat, the bottom surface of the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat is machined with a spherical recess, and the center of the pressure transmission block is provided with a blind hole with an internal thread.

[0011] A double-acting hydraulic cylinder is suspended below the hydraulic cylinder mounting base. A hemispherical boss is welded to the top of the outer wall of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder, and the hemispherical boss matches the spherical recess. The piston rods at both ends of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder are machined with external threads. The piston rods are connected to the pressure transmission block through the external threads. An oil distribution block is set inside the oil inlet. Three oil passages are drilled inside the oil distribution block. An overflow valve is fixedly installed at the oil passage inlet. The oil passage outlet is connected to the rodless chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder through a high-pressure hose.

[0012] Preferably, a plunger sleeve is fixedly installed on the worktable surface at the top of the outer wall of the C-shaped frame, a spring plunger is fixedly installed inside the plunger sleeve, a ball head support is welded to the top of the outer wall of the spring plunger, the top of the outer wall of the ball head support supports the mandrel positioning plate, and a ball socket is opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the mandrel positioning plate, the ball socket is connected to the ball head support.

[0013] Vent holes are drilled at the bottom of the plunger sleeve, and an annular oil cavity is opened at the bottom of the spring plunger and filled with molybdenum disulfide grease. The annular oil cavity is connected to the oil collecting ring through a radial oil hole. The oil collecting ring is fixedly installed on the outer side of the stacked pressure plate, and the outlet of the oil collecting ring is connected to the vacuum tank through a copper pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the control port of the overflow valve is connected to a pressure feedback device via a copper pipe. The pressure feedback device includes a base, an L-shaped lever, and a compression spring. The shaft hole of the base is connected to a hinge shaft, the hinge shaft is connected to the hinge hole of the L-shaped lever, and the compression spring is coaxially sleeved on the long arm end of the L-shaped lever.

[0015] The short arm of the L-shaped lever contacts the pressure sensing diaphragm, while the long arm drives the guide core of the overflow valve.

[0016] The bottom of the outer wall of the compression spring is pressed with a No. 1 washer, which is then bonded to the outer wall of the base. The top of the outer wall of the compression spring is pressed with a No. 2 washer, and an adjusting screw is set on the outer wall of the No. 2 washer. The adjusting screw is screwed into the long arm of the L-shaped lever.

[0017] Preferably, a sensing contact is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate. The sensing contact is connected to the sensing probe of the pressure sensor. The signal output terminal of the pressure sensor is connected to the signal input terminal of the controller. The output terminal of the controller is connected to the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism respectively.

[0018] Preferably, a wedge-shaped slide rail is welded to the outer side of the upper crossbeam, and the wedge-shaped slide rail slides in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the needle roller bearing;

[0019] When the pressure head tilts due to uneven silicon steel sheet stacking, the needle roller bearing rolls along the wedge-shaped inclined surface. The angle of the inclined surface converts the radial displacement into axial compensation. An elastic connector is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the pressure head, and a connecting plate is fixedly installed at the top of the outer wall of the pressure head. A lifting drive block is fixedly connected to the top of the outer wall of the connecting plate. The lower pressing surface of the pressure head is parallel to the top of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate.

[0020] Preferably, the stacked platen is symmetrically provided with first guide rails in the horizontal direction. The first guide rails are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the C-shaped frame. The first guide rails are slidably connected to the first slider. The outer wall of the first slider is fixedly installed with a first alignment plate. The inner sides of the first alignment plates are parallel to each other. The outer wall of the first alignment plate is connected to a first driving mechanism to drive the first slider to move along the first guide rail.

[0021] The stacked pressure plate is symmetrically arranged with a second guide rail in the vertical direction. The second guide rail is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the C-shaped frame. The second guide rail is slidably connected to the second slider. The outer wall of the second slider is fixedly installed with a second alignment plate. The inner sides of the second alignment plates are parallel to each other. The outer wall of the second alignment plate is connected to a second drive mechanism to drive the second slider to move along the second guide rail.

[0022] Preferably, a positioning block is embedded at the top of the outer wall of the mandrel positioning plate, a V-shaped groove is formed at the top of the outer wall of the positioning block, a negative pressure hole is drilled at the bottom of the V-shaped groove, and the negative pressure hole is connected to a vacuum pipeline.

[0023] The strain gauge leads pass through the ceramic guide sleeve and connect to the brush slip ring. The moving ring of the brush slip ring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the stacked plate, and the stationary ring of the brush slip ring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the insulating bracket. The insulating bracket is pressed against the column at the top of the outer wall of the C-type frame by a butterfly spring.

[0024] Preferably, a guide sleeve is fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting plate, the guide sleeve is sleeved with a guide optical shaft, the guide optical shaft is fixedly installed on the rear end of the outer wall of the C-shaped frame, the axis of the guide optical shaft is parallel to the axis of the ball screw, and the axis of the ball screw is perpendicular to the top of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate;

[0025] Polyurethane cushioning pads are attached to the inner surfaces of the first and second alignment plates.

[0026] Preferably, the strain gauge signal output terminal is connected to the analog input port of the controller, and the controller has a built-in PID control board;

[0027] The input terminal of the PID control board receives the deviation between the deformation electrical signal of the strain gauge and the preset pressure threshold, and the output terminal generates a PWM control signal to drive the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism. The first drive mechanism receives the PWM signal to adjust the horizontal displacement of the first alignment plate, and the second drive mechanism receives the PWM signal to adjust the vertical displacement of the second alignment plate.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. This invention senses the pressing pressure by etching a strain gauge through a pressure-sensing membrane, thereby realizing real-time detection and automatic closed-loop adjustment of the pressing pressure. This solves the problems of large pressure fluctuations in pressing equipment and the reliance on manual experience for adjustment, which leads to overpressure deformation or insufficient pressure loosening of the laminations. It also improves the compactness, flatness, and consistency of core performance of the laminations.

[0030] 2. This invention, through the cooperation of needle roller bearings and wedge-shaped slide rails, enables the needle roller bearings to roll along the wedge-shaped inclined surface when the pressure head is subjected to radial force due to local unevenness or initial misalignment of the silicon steel sheet stack. This solves the problems of pressure head jamming, uneven pressure transmission, and even equipment damage caused by burrs, local deformation, or improper initial placement of silicon steel sheets during the pressing process. It automatically converts radial displacement into axial compensation, allowing the pressure head to adapt to slight misalignment, ensuring that the pressure plate is always parallel to the worktable surface when applying pressure, thereby improving pressing quality and equipment reliability.

[0031] 3. This invention achieves automatic lubrication of the spindle positioning by opening an annular oil cavity at the bottom of the spring plunger, which solves the problem of wear and jamming caused by dry friction of the moving parts of the positioning mechanism, and improves the smoothness of movement and service life;

[0032] 4. This invention uses a strain gauge-detected pressure deformation electrical signal input controller to realize real-time adjustment of the first and second drive mechanisms, solving the problem of uneven silicon steel sheet edges requiring manual adjustment during the stacking process. It automatically corrects horizontal and vertical misalignment of the silicon steel sheet stack, improving production efficiency and stacking uniformity. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydraulic cylinder mounting base of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge shaft structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the plunger sleeve of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure transmission block structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pressure feedback device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the pressure head of the present invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. C-type frame; 2. T-slot; 3. Hydraulic cylinder mounting base; 4. Spherical recess; 5. Piston rod; 6. Pressure transmission block; 7. Stacked pressure plate; 8. Needle roller bearing; 9. Annular oil chamber; 10. Oil guide groove; 11. Pressure sensing diaphragm; 12. Strain gauge; 13. Piston sleeve; 14. Spring plunger; 15. Ball head support; 16. Mandrel positioning plate; 17. Ball socket; 18. Hemispherical boss; 19. Double-acting hydraulic cylinder; 20. Oil inlet; 21. Oil distribution block; 22. Oil passage; 23. Relief valve; 24. Pressure feedback device; 25. Transmission... 26. Sensing point; 27. Base; 28. L-shaped lever; 29. ​​Compression spring; 30. Hinge shaft; 31. Oil collecting ring; 32. Washer No. 1; 33. Washer No. 2; 34. Adjusting screw; 35. Wedge slide rail; 36. Controller; 37. First guide rail; 38. Second guide rail; 39. First slider; 40. First alignment plate; 41. Second slider; 42. Second alignment plate; 43. Positioning block; 44. Pressure head; 45. Elastic connector; 46. Connecting plate; 47. Lifting drive block; 48. Brush slip ring; 49. Guide sleeve; 40. Guide optical shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 An embodiment of the present invention is provided as follows: a cross-shaped oil guide groove 10 is milled at the bottom of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block 6; two rows of needle roller bearings 8 are symmetrically installed on the side of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block 6; a stacked pressure plate 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block 6; an annular oil cavity 9 is opened at the top of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate 7; the annular oil cavity 9 is connected to the oil guide groove 10; a pressure sensing diaphragm 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate 7; and a strain gauge 12 is etched at the rear end of the outer wall of the pressure sensing diaphragm 11.

[0046] Three T-slots 2 are opened at the bottom of the upper crossbeam of the C-type frame 1. A hydraulic cylinder mounting seat 3 is embedded in each T-slot 2. A spherical recess 4 is machined at the center of the bottom surface of the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat 3. A blind hole is opened at the center of the pressure transmission block 6. The blind hole is internally threaded. A double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 is suspended below the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat 3. A hemispherical boss 18 is welded to the top of the outer wall of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19. The hemispherical boss 18 fits the spherical recess 4. The piston rods 5 set at both ends of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 are machined with external threads. The piston rods 5 are connected to the pressure transmission block 6 through the external threads. An oil distribution block 21 is set inside the oil inlet 20. Three oil passages 22 are drilled inside the oil distribution block 21. An overflow valve 23 is fixedly installed at the inlet of the oil passages 22. The outlet of the oil passages 22 is connected to the rodless chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 through a high-pressure hose.

[0047] Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat 3 engages with the hemispherical boss 18 at the top of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 via the spherical recess 4, allowing it to hang freely. The piston rod 5 of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 is fully retracted, and the pressure transmission block 6 is at its upper limit position. The two rows of needle roller bearings 8 on its outer wall side maintain a 1mm gap with the wedge-shaped slide rail 34 (inclination angle α=10°) on the side of the upper crossbeam, without contact. The stacked pressure plate 7 is fixed to the bottom of the pressure transmission block 6, and the pressure sensing diaphragm 11 on its bottom surface is 300mm away from the worktable surface. The hydraulic oil in the annular oil chamber 9 is connected to the oil passage of the pressure transmission block 6 through the cross-shaped oil guide groove 10.

[0048] Inside the plunger sleeve 13 on the worktable surface, the spring plunger 14, under preload, lifts the ball head support 15. The spindle positioning plate 16 is connected to the ball head support 15 via the bottom ball socket 17, and is in a horizontally suspended state. The V-groove of the positioning block 42 (8 groups evenly distributed around the circumference, R = inner diameter of silicon steel sheet D / 2 × 0.95) faces upward. The negative pressure hole is not vented, and the vacuum tank is in standby at -0.08MPa negative pressure. The first slider 38 and the second slider 40 on the first guide rail 36 and the second guide rail 37 are both located on the outermost side. The distance between the first alignment plate 39 and the second alignment plate 41 (with 3mm polyurethane buffer pads pasted on the inner side) and the center positioning pin of the worktable center is 50mm. The first stepper motor and the second stepper motor (first and second drive mechanisms) are not powered, and the gear and rack mechanism is stationary.

[0049] The pressure head 43 is in the upper limit position, and the multiple pressure blocks (including spiral compression springs and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene pressure blocks) on the bottom surface of the main pressure plate are in a naturally extended state. The top of the guide column is embedded in the positioning groove of the main pressure plate. The guide sleeve 48 on the side of the connecting plate 45 maintains a clearance fit with the guide optical shaft 49. The lifting drive block 46 is threadedly connected to the ball screw. The output shaft of the servo motor (AC permanent magnet synchronous type) is connected to the ball screw shaft through a diaphragm coupling. The encoder is zeroed. The laser displacement sensor is aligned with the target plate on the side of the pressure head and has been calibrated to zero (the reading is 0 when the bottom surface of the floating pressure plate is in contact with the worktable). Its three-dimensional fine adjustment bracket (X, Y, Z axis slides) is fixed to the support column, and the measurement range covers 0-100mm.

[0050] When the solenoid valve of the lateral clamping mechanism of controller 35 is energized, compressed air enters the rodless chamber of the thin double-acting cylinder, the piston rod extends, and drives the L-shaped connecting block and clamping block to move towards the center. The guide slope of the clamping block first contacts the outermost edge of the silicon steel sheet stack, generating a horizontal centripetal clamping force and a downward component force. The silicon steel sheets are initially bonded under the action of the component force, and the first stepper motor and the second stepper motor start simultaneously.

[0051] The first stepper motor output shaft drives the first drive gear to rotate, and the two first racks meshing with it drive the first slider 38 to move towards each other along the first guide rail 36. The first alignment plate 39 moves towards the center, and the polyurethane buffer pad contacts the horizontal edge of the silicon steel sheet stack. At the moment of contact, the pressure sensor contact 25 detects the pressure and feeds it back to the controller 35. The controller adjusts the speed of the first stepper motor through the PWM signal to reduce the speed until the first alignment plate 39 applies a horizontal clamping force of 50N to the stack and then stops.

[0052] The second stepper motor drives the second drive gear to rotate, and the second rack drives the second slider 40 to move towards each other along the second guide rail 37. The second alignment plate 41 clamps the vertical edge of the silicon steel sheet stack at the same speed and stops with a clamping force of 50N. The double clamping initially fixes the silicon steel sheet stack. The polyurethane buffer pad adapts to the slight unevenness of the stack edge due to deformation, avoiding scratching the silicon steel sheet.

[0053] After the floating pressure plate contacts the top surface of the silicon steel sheet stack, the pressure sensing unit (planar array piezoelectric thin film sensor) detects the pressure. When the pressure reaches the preset value of 5N, the sensor signal is transmitted to the controller through the charge amplifier and 24-bit analog-to-digital converter. The controller immediately commands the servo motor to stop, completing the pre-compression. The spiral compression spring of the pressure block begins to deform slightly to adapt to the local height difference of the top surface of the stack, ensuring that the initial pressure at each point is uniform.

[0054] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 In one embodiment of the present invention: a sensing contact 25 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the stacked plate 7. The sensing contact 25 is connected to the sensing probe of the pressure sensor. The signal output terminal of the pressure sensor is connected to the signal input terminal of the controller 35. The output terminal of the controller 35 is connected to the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism respectively.

[0055] The stacked platen 7 is symmetrically provided with first guide rails 36 in the horizontal direction. The first guide rails 36 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the C-shaped frame 1. The first guide rails 36 are slidably connected to the first slider 38. The outer wall of the first slider 38 is fixedly installed with a first alignment plate 39. The inner sides of the first alignment plate 39 are parallel to each other. The outer wall of the first alignment plate 39 is connected to a first driving mechanism to drive the first slider 38 to move along the first guide rail 36. The stacked platen 7 is symmetrically provided with second guide rails 37 in the vertical direction. The second guide rails 37 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the C-shaped frame 1. The second guide rails 37 are slidably connected to the second slider 40. The outer wall of the second slider 40 is fixedly installed with a second alignment plate 41. The inner sides of the second alignment plate 41 are parallel to each other. The outer wall of the second alignment plate 41 is connected to a second driving mechanism to drive the second slider 40 to move along the second guide rail 37.

[0056] Furthermore, the first driving mechanism drives the two first sliders 38 to move towards or away from each other along the first guide rail 36; the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism are used to drive the first alignment plate 39 and the second alignment plate 41 to move towards the center before the stacking pressure plate 7 is pressed down, so as to clamp and align the silicon steel sheet stack.

[0057] A servo motor is installed on the crossbeam of the C-type frame 1. The output shaft of the servo motor is coaxially connected to a ball screw. The ball screw is threadedly connected to the lifting drive block 46. The axis of the ball screw is perpendicular to the upper surface of the stacked pressure plate 7. The bottom surface of the lifting drive block 46 is fixedly connected to the center of the top surface of the connecting plate 45.

[0058] The first alignment plate 39 and the second alignment plate 41, which are the working surfaces that come into contact with the silicon steel sheet stack, are both covered with a flexible polyurethane buffer pad with a thickness of 3 mm. The flexible polyurethane buffer pad provides sufficient clamping force while avoiding scratching or crushing the outermost silicon steel sheet due to direct contact, and adapts to the slight unevenness of the silicon steel sheet stack edge.

[0059] The control output terminal of the controller 35 is electrically connected to the driver of the servo motor. The controller 35 receives the real-time pressure signal from the pressure sensor and compares the real-time pressure signal with the preset pressure threshold. Based on the comparison result, the controller 35 generates a control command and sends it to the driver of the servo motor to drive the servo motor to rotate forward or in reverse. The forward or reverse rotation of the servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate, thereby driving the lifting drive block 46 and the pressure head connecting plate 45 and pressure head 43 fixed thereto to move vertically up and down along the axis of the ball screw, realizing automatic pressure application or pressure relief on the silicon steel sheet stack on the stacked pressure plate 7.

[0060] The pressure head 43 has a flexible adaptive pressure head structure, including a main pressure plate and multiple independent pressure blocks fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the main pressure plate; the top surface of the main pressure plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the pressure head connecting plate; the multiple pressure blocks are arranged in a matrix on the bottom surface of the main pressure plate, and each pressure block includes an elastic connector and a pressure block. The upper end of the elastic connector is fixed to the bottom surface of the main pressure plate, and the pressure block is fixed to the lower end of the elastic connector; when the pressure head 43 presses down to contact the silicon steel sheet stack, the pressure block can generate independent micro-displacements in the vertical direction through the elastic deformation of the corresponding elastic connector, so as to adapt to the local height difference on the upper surface of the silicon steel sheet stack, making the pressure distribution applied to the entire top surface of the silicon steel sheet stack more uniform.

[0061] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 In one embodiment provided by the present invention, the signal output terminal of the strain gauge 12 is connected to the analog input port of the controller 35, and the controller 35 has a built-in PID control board.

[0062] The input end of the PID control board receives the deviation between the deformation electrical signal of the strain gauge 12 and the preset pressure threshold, and the output end generates a PWM control signal to drive the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism. The first drive mechanism receives the PWM signal to adjust the horizontal displacement of the first alignment plate 39, and the second drive mechanism receives the PWM signal to adjust the vertical displacement of the second alignment plate 41.

[0063] A positioning block 42 is embedded at the top of the outer wall of the mandrel positioning plate 16. A V-shaped groove is opened at the top of the outer wall of the positioning block 42, and a negative pressure hole is drilled at the bottom of the V-shaped groove. The negative pressure hole is connected to the vacuum pipeline. The lead wire of the strain gauge 12 passes through the ceramic guide sleeve and is connected to the brush slip ring 47. The moving ring of the brush slip ring 47 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the stacked plate 7, and the stationary ring of the brush slip ring 47 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the insulating bracket. The insulating bracket is pressed against the column at the top of the outer wall of the C-shaped frame 1 by a butterfly spring.

[0064] Furthermore, the signal input terminal of the controller 35 is connected to a pressure sensor, a strain gauge 12 connected through a brush slip ring 47, and a laser displacement sensor. The output terminal is connected to a servo motor driver, a first stepper motor and a second stepper motor driver, a solenoid valve of the lateral clamping mechanism, etc. All electrical components are in a preheated state.

[0065] The operator inserts the silicon steel sheets to be processed (positioned by the inner hole) one by one into the center positioning pin, stacking them to a preset height. An electromagnetic vibrator is installed on the outer wall of the first alignment plate 39. The piston rod of the double-acting cylinder retracts, and the clamping block is located on the outside of the silicon steel sheet stack. The solenoid valve is energized, and compressed air enters the rodless chamber of the double-acting cylinder, extending the piston rod. The controller 35 instructs the vibration controller to start the electromagnetic vibrator, whose vibration axis is at a 45° angle to the horizontal plane and points towards the center of the worktable, generating high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration at a frequency of 150Hz and an acceleration of 3G. The vibration is transmitted to the silicon steel sheet stack through the worktable. The negative pressure hole of the positioning block 42 of the mandrel positioning plate 16 is connected to the vacuum pipeline, and the V-groove adsorbs the edge of the inner hole of the silicon steel sheet, achieving radial constraint in conjunction with the center positioning pin. Under the action of vibration energy, the silicon steel sheets slide along the constraint surface of the center positioning pin and the alignment plate, and the gap between the sheets gradually disappears. After 3 seconds, the laser displacement sensor detects a decrease in the stack height (total gap between sheets), and the vibration stops.

[0066] The servo motor driver receives the controller's command and outputs a pulse signal to drive the servo motor to rotate forward. The double diaphragm stainless steel drives the ball screw shaft to rotate, and the ball screw nut pushes the lifting drive block 46 to descend along the linear guide rail. The pressure head 43 moves down, and the guide sleeve 48 slides along the guide optical axis 49 to limit the lateral swing of the pressure head. The pressure head descends, and when the laser displacement sensor detects that the pressure head is 10mm away from the top surface of the stack, the controller issues a deceleration command, and the servo motor switches to low speed.

[0067] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4, Figure 6 and Figure 8 An embodiment of the present invention includes a C-shaped frame 1, a pressure transmission block 6, and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19. The double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the C-shaped frame 1, and the output end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 is provided with the pressure transmission block 6.

[0068] A wedge-shaped slide rail 34 is welded to the outer side of the upper crossbeam. The wedge-shaped slide rail 34 slides in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the needle roller bearing 8. When the pressure head 43 tilts due to uneven silicon steel sheet stacking, the needle roller bearing 8 rolls along the wedge-shaped inclined surface. The angle of the inclined surface converts the radial displacement into axial compensation. An elastic connector 44 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the pressure head 43. A connecting plate 45 is fixedly installed at the top of the outer wall of the pressure head 43. A lifting drive block 46 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer wall of the connecting plate 45. The lower pressing surface of the pressure head 43 is parallel to the top of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate 7.

[0069] The control port of the overflow valve 23 is connected to the pressure feedback device 24 through a copper pipe. The pressure feedback device 24 includes a base 26, an L-shaped lever 27 and a compression spring 28. The shaft hole of the base 26 is connected to the hinge shaft 29, and the hinge shaft 29 is connected to the hinge hole of the L-shaped lever 27. The compression spring 28 is coaxially sleeved on the long arm end of the L-shaped lever 27.

[0070] The short arm end of the L-shaped lever 27 contacts the pressure sensing membrane 11, and the long arm end drives the guide core of the overflow valve 23; the bottom end of the outer wall of the compression spring 28 is pressed with the first washer 31, the first washer 31 is bonded to the outer wall of the base 26, the top end of the outer wall of the compression spring 28 is pressed with the second washer 32, and the outer wall of the second washer 32 is provided with an adjusting screw 33, which is screwed into the long arm end of the L-shaped lever 27;

[0071] Furthermore, the overflow valves 23 at the inlets of the three oil passages 22 of the oil distribution block 21 are closed, and the high-pressure oil in the oil inlet 20 fills the accumulator chamber (which contains a pre-tightened spiral compression spring), and connects to the rodless chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 through the high-pressure hose, while the rod chamber is circulated with return oil. The short arm end of the L-shaped lever 27 of the pressure feedback device 24 lightly touches the pressure sensing diaphragm 11, while the long arm end maintains a gap with the guide core of the overflow valve 23. The compression spring 28 (fitted on the long arm end) is compressed under the pre-tightening of the adjusting screw 33, generating elastic force, which acts on the L-shaped lever 27 through the second washer 32.

[0072] The leads (phosphor bronze foil-coated) of strain gauge 12 pass through the ceramic guide sleeve and connect to the brush slip ring 47. The moving ring moves synchronously with the stacked platen 7, and the stationary ring is fixed to the insulating bracket (pressed onto the column by a butterfly spring), ensuring stable signal transmission. The PID control board of controller 35 has been loaded with parameters (proportional coefficient K). p =5, integration time T i =0.1s, differential time T d =0.01s), preset pressure threshold and target pressure curve P hReal-time comparison, with the initial deviation e set to 0.

[0073] The piston rod 5 of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 extends slightly under oil pressure, causing the pressure transmission block 6 to move downwards. The needle roller bearing 8 contacts the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped slide rail 34. Due to the flatness of the stack, the contact force of the needle roller bearings on both sides is balanced, and no radial displacement occurs. The annular oil chamber 9 of the stacked pressure plate 7 is connected to the oil circuit of the pressure transmission block 6 through the oil guide groove 10. The hydraulic oil pressure gradually increases as the piston rod extends. The double-acting hydraulic cylinder is pressurized, the pressure in the oil inlet 20 increases, the spiral compression spring in the energy storage chamber of the oil distribution block 21 is compressed, and the hydraulic oil in the three oil passages 22 enters the rodless chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 through the overflow valve 23. The piston rod 5 extends, pushing the pressure transmission block 6 and the stacked pressure plate 7 downwards. The needle roller bearing 8 rolls along the wedge-shaped slide rail 34. Due to the uniform force on the pressure transmission block 6, the rolling distance on both sides is equal (for every 10mm drop, the radial displacement is about 1.76mm, which conforms to tan10°≈0.176), causing the stacked pressure plate 7 to move horizontally downwards.

[0074] After the bottom surface of the stacked pressure plate 7 contacts the silicon steel sheet stack, the pressure is transmitted to the strain gauge 12 through the pressure sensing diaphragm 11. The resistance value of the strain gauge changes (the resistance changes by 0.1% for every MPa of pressure). The signal is processed by the controller 35 into a real-time pressure value P-feedback. The servo motor of the pressure head 43 continues to drive the ball screw to rotate and press down. The pressure sensor of the floating pressure plate synchronously collects the pressure, and the two data are cross-validated.

[0075] When P-feedback increases to 500N, the pressure sensing diaphragm 11 deforms by 0.01mm, pushing the short arm of the L-shaped lever 27 upward. The L-shaped lever rotates around the hinge axis 29 (0.5°), and the long arm moves downward by 0.1mm, pressing the guide of the overflow valve 23. The overflow valve opens to 0.05mm, and some hydraulic oil overflows. The pressure increase in the rodless chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 slows down (from 1MPa / s to 0.5MPa / s). The PID control board of the controller 35 calculates the deviation e=Ph-P-feedback (when Ph=550N, e=50N), and outputs a PWM signal to adjust the torque of the servo motor so that the pressure increase of the pressure head matches the target curve.

[0076] As the pressing process deepens, when P-feedback=2000N, local unevenness appears in the silicon steel sheet stack, causing the pressure transmission block 6 to tilt slightly. The left needle roller bearing 8 rolls an extra 0.05mm along the wedge-shaped slide rail 34, which is converted into 0.0088mm axial compensation through the inclined plane angle. The rolling amount of the right needle roller bearing decreases, the stacked plate 7 automatically levels, the local deformation of the pressure sensing diaphragm 11 increases, the force on the short arm end of the L-shaped lever 27 is uneven, causing the long arm end to deflect, which increases the opening of the corresponding side overflow valve 23. The pressure of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 on this side decreases by 5%, achieving dynamic balance.

[0077] When the P-feedback reaches 3000N and the laser displacement sensor detects that the stack height is stable at 190mm (target range 189.5-190.5mm), the controller command enters the pressure holding state. The PID control board maintains the deviation e≈0, the servo motor torque is constant, the pressure in the rodless chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 is stable, the overflow valve 23 maintains a fixed opening, and the L-shaped lever 27 of the pressure feedback device is in a force balance state (force at the short arm end = spring force at the long arm end). The pressure block of the pressure head 43 ensures uniform pressure distribution at all points on the top surface of the stack through the elastic deformation of the spiral compression spring. The flexible sealing diaphragm isolates external contaminants and does not affect pressure transmission. After 15 seconds of pressure holding, the controller 35 issues a pressure relief command, the servo motor reverses, driving the ball screw nut to rise, the pressure head 43 returns to its initial position, the guide sleeve 48 slides along the guide optical axis 49 without jamming; oil enters the rod chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19, the piston rod 5 retracts, the pressure transmission block 6 moves upward, the needle roller bearing 8 disengages from the wedge slide rail 34, the stacked pressure plate 7 resets, the overflow valve 23 closes, the spiral compression spring in the energy storage chamber of the oil distribution block 21 rebounds, and the oil pressure drops to a low pressure.

[0078] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 An embodiment of the present invention is provided as follows: a cross-shaped oil guide groove 10 is milled at the bottom of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block 6; two rows of needle roller bearings 8 are symmetrically installed on the side of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block 6; a stacked pressure plate 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block 6; an annular oil cavity 9 is opened at the top of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate 7; the annular oil cavity 9 is connected to the oil guide groove 10; a pressure sensing diaphragm 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate 7; and a strain gauge 12 is etched at the rear end of the outer wall of the pressure sensing diaphragm 11.

[0079] A plunger sleeve 13 is fixedly installed on the worktable surface at the top of the outer wall of the C-type frame 1. A spring plunger 14 is fixedly installed inside the plunger sleeve 13. A ball head support 15 is welded to the top of the outer wall of the spring plunger 14. The top of the outer wall of the ball head support 15 supports the spindle positioning plate 16. A ball socket 17 is opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the spindle positioning plate 16, and the ball socket 17 connects to the ball head support 15. An exhaust hole is drilled at the bottom of the plunger sleeve 13. An annular oil cavity 9 is opened at the bottom of the spring plunger 14 and filled with molybdenum disulfide grease. The annular oil cavity 9 is circulated by radial oil... The oil collection ring 30 is connected to the hole and is fixedly installed on the outer side of the stacked plate 7. The outlet of the oil collection ring 30 is connected to the vacuum tank through a copper pipe. The guide sleeve 48 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting plate 45. The guide sleeve 48 is sleeved with the guide optical shaft 49. The guide optical shaft 49 is fixedly installed on the rear end of the outer wall of the C-shaped frame 1. The axis of the guide optical shaft 49 is parallel to the axis of the ball screw and the axis of the ball screw is perpendicular to the top of the outer wall of the stacked plate 7. The inner sides of the first alignment plate 39 and the second alignment plate 41 are covered with polyurethane buffer pads.

[0080] Furthermore, the output shaft of the first stepper motor of the first drive mechanism drives the first drive gear to rotate, driving the first racks (fixed to the bottom surface of the first slider 38) meshing on both sides, so that the first slider 38 slides towards each other along the first guide rail 36, and the first alignment plate 39 moves towards the center synchronously. The 3mm thick polyurethane buffer pad on its inner side contacts the horizontal edge of the silicon steel sheet stack and applies a clamping force. After horizontal alignment, the motor stops. The second stepper motor of the second drive mechanism drives the second slider 40 to slide towards each other along the second guide rail 37 through the second drive gear and the second rack. The second alignment plate 41 contacts the vertical edge of the silicon steel sheet stack and applies a clamping force. After vertical alignment is completed, the motor stops.

[0081] The output shaft of the servo motor on the upper beam of the C-type frame 1 drives the ball screw to rotate through a diaphragm coupling, causing the lifting drive block 46 to move downward along the screw axis. This movement, via the connecting plate 45, drives the pressure head 43 to descend. The guide sleeve 48 on the side of the connecting plate 45 slides along the guide optical axis 49, limiting the lateral displacement of the pressure head. When the pressure head 43 contacts the silicon steel sheet stack, if the stack surface is uneven, each pressure block deforms independently through the elastic connector (helical compression spring). The pressure block at the protrusion compresses the spring and moves slightly upward, while the pressure block at the concave position moves slightly downward as the spring extends, achieving uniform pressure distribution.

[0082] The oil passage 22 of the oil distribution block 21 supplies oil to the rodless chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 through a high-pressure hose. The piston rod 5 extends and pushes the pressure transmission block 6 down. The needle roller bearing 8 on the side of the pressure transmission block 6 rolls along the wedge-shaped slide rail 34. If the pressure head tilts due to uneven stacking, the needle roller bearing rolls along the inclined surface to convert the radial displacement into axial compensation, so that the pressing surface of the stacked pressure plate 7 is always parallel to the stacked surface. When the stacked pressure plate 7 descends, the bottom pressure sensing diaphragm 11 contacts the stack and deforms, which drives the strain gauge 12 to stretch and compress, causing the L-shaped lever 27 to rotate around the hinge axis 29. The long arm end pushes the guide core of the overflow valve 23 to dynamically adjust the oil circuit pressure.

[0083] When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure has reached the preset value through the sensing contact 25, the servo motor and hydraulic cylinder maintain the current state and enter the pressure holding stage; after the pressure holding is completed, the servo motor reverses, and the ball screw drives the pressure head 43 to rise along the guide optical axis 49 to the initial position; the rodless chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 19 returns oil, the piston rod 5 retracts, the pressure transmission block 6 and the stacked pressure plate 7 rise, and the needle roller bearing 8 rolls back to reset along the wedge slide rail 34; the first and second stepper motors reverse, driving the first alignment plate 39 and the second alignment plate 41 to slide back along the guide rail to the open state, releasing the silicon steel sheet stack.

[0084] Working principle: Silicon steel sheets are stacked on the worktable via a central positioning pin. The mandrel positioning plate is horizontally suspended under the support of the ball head support. Eight sets of positioning blocks with V-grooves facing upwards assist in positioning. The first and second alignment plates are located on the outside, maintaining a distance of 50mm from the central positioning pin. The pressure head is at its upper limit position, the pressure block extends naturally, and the laser displacement sensor calibrates the zero point. The piston rod of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder retracts, the pressure transmission block is at its upper limit, and the needle roller bearing maintains a micro-gap with the wedge-shaped slide rail.

[0085] The controller commands the solenoid valve to be energized, and the clamping block moves towards the center to initially adhere to the silicon steel sheet; the first and second stepper motors drive the first and second alignment plates to move towards each other along the guide rail, fixing the horizontal and vertical directions of the stack respectively, and the polyurethane buffer pad adapts to the unevenness of the edges; at the same time, the electromagnetic vibrator vibrates, and with the adsorption of the negative pressure hole of the positioning block, the vibration stops after eliminating the gap between the silicon steel sheets; the servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate, and the pressure head descends along the guide optical axis, decelerating when it is close to the top surface of the stack; after contacting the top surface of the stack, when the pressure sensor detects excessive pressure, the servo motor stops, and the pressure block spring deforms slightly;

[0086] Oil enters the rodless chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod extends and pushes the pressure transmission block downward, the needle roller bearing contacts the wedge-shaped slide rail, and rolls along the inclined plane as the stack height decreases; after the stack pressure plate contacts the stack, the pressure is transmitted to the strain gauge through the pressure sensing diaphragm, the signal is processed by the controller into a real-time pressure value, and cross-validated with the pressure sensing data of the pressure head; if the stack is uneven, the pressure transmission block tilts, and the difference in the rolling amount of the needle roller bearings on both sides is converted into axial compensation through the inclined plane, while the L-shaped lever of the pressure feedback device drives the overflow valve to dynamically adjust the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder on the corresponding side to achieve pressure balance; the PID control board of the controller outputs a PWM signal to adjust the torque of the servo motor according to the deviation between the real-time pressure and the preset threshold, so that the pressure increase matches the target curve; when the real-time pressure reaches 3000N, and the laser displacement sensor detects that the stack height is stable in the range of 189.5-190.5mm, the pressure holding stage is entered, which lasts for 15s; during this period, the torque of the servo motor is constant, the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is stable, the overflow valve maintains a fixed opening, and the pressure block spring adapts to the top surface difference to ensure uniform pressure;

[0087] The controller issues a pressure relief command, the servo motor reverses, and the pressure head rises back to the upper limit along the guide optical axis; oil enters the rod chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod retracts, the pressure transmission block moves upward, the needle roller bearing disengages from the wedge slide rail, the stacked pressure plate resets, the overflow valve closes, and the hydraulic system is depressurized; the first stepper motor and the second stepper motor reverse, the first and second alignment plates retract to the outside along the guide rail, and the silicon steel sheet stack is released.

[0088] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing device based on self-controlled pressure, characterized in that: It includes a C-shaped frame (1), a pressure transmission block (6) and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19). The double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the C-shaped frame (1), and the output end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19) is provided with a pressure transmission block (6). The pressure transmission block (6) has a cross-shaped oil guide groove (10) milled at the bottom of its outer wall. Two rows of needle roller bearings (8) are symmetrically installed on the side of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block (6). A stacked pressure plate (7) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the pressure transmission block (6). An annular oil cavity (9) is opened at the top of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate (7). The annular oil cavity (9) is connected to the oil guide groove (10). A pressure sensing membrane (11) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate (7). A strain gauge (12) is etched at the rear end of the outer wall of the pressure sensing membrane (11).

2. The silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the upper crossbeam of the C-type frame (1) has three T-slots (2), each T-slot (2) is fitted with a hydraulic cylinder mounting seat (3), the bottom surface of the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat (3) is machined with a spherical recess (4), and the center of the pressure transmission block (6) has a blind hole with an internal thread. A double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19) is suspended below the hydraulic cylinder mounting base (3). A hemispherical boss (18) is welded to the top of the outer wall of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19). The hemispherical boss (18) matches the spherical recess (4). The piston rod (5) set at both ends of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19) has an external thread at the end. The piston rod (5) is connected to the pressure transmission block (6) through the external thread. An oil distribution block (21) is set inside the oil inlet (20). Three oil passages (22) are drilled inside the oil distribution block (21). An overflow valve (23) is fixedly installed at the inlet of the oil passage (22). The outlet of the oil passage (22) is connected to the rodless chamber of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder (19) through a high-pressure hose.

3. The silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plunger sleeve (13) is fixedly installed on the worktable surface at the top of the outer wall of the C-type frame (1). A spring plunger (14) is fixedly installed inside the plunger sleeve (13). A ball head support (15) is welded to the top of the outer wall of the spring plunger (14). The top of the outer wall of the ball head support (15) supports the spindle positioning plate (16). A ball socket (17) is opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the spindle positioning plate (16). The ball socket (17) is connected to the ball head support (15). The bottom of the plunger sleeve (13) is drilled with an exhaust hole. The bottom of the spring plunger (14) is opened with an annular oil cavity (9) and filled with molybdenum disulfide grease. The annular oil cavity (9) is connected to the oil collection ring (30) through a radial oil hole. The oil collection ring (30) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the stacked plate (7). The outlet of the oil collection ring (30) is connected to the vacuum tank through a copper pipe.

4. The silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control port of the overflow valve (23) is connected to the pressure feedback device (24) through a copper pipe. The pressure feedback device (24) includes a base (26), an L-shaped lever (27) and a compression spring (28). The shaft hole of the base (26) is connected to the hinge shaft (29), and the hinge shaft (29) is connected to the hinge hole of the L-shaped lever (27). The compression spring (28) is coaxially sleeved on the long arm end of the L-shaped lever (27). The short arm of the L-shaped lever (27) contacts the pressure sensing diaphragm (11), and the long arm drives the guide core of the overflow valve (23). The bottom of the outer wall of the compression spring (28) is pressed with a first washer (31), the first washer (31) is bonded to the outer wall of the base (26), the top of the outer wall of the compression spring (28) is pressed with a second washer (32), the outer wall of the second washer (32) is provided with an adjusting screw (33), and the adjusting screw (33) is screwed into the long arm end of the L-shaped lever (27).

5. The silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer wall of the stacked plate (7) is fixedly installed with a sensing contact (25). The sensing contact (25) is connected to the sensing probe of the pressure sensor. The signal output end of the pressure sensor is connected to the signal input end of the controller (35). The output end of the controller (35) is connected to the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism respectively.

6. The silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper crossbeam is welded to the outer side of the wall with a wedge-shaped slide rail (34), which slides in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the needle roller bearing (8). When the pressure head (43) tilts due to uneven silicon steel sheet stacking, the needle roller bearing (8) rolls along the wedge-shaped inclined surface. The angle of the inclined surface converts the radial displacement into axial compensation. The bottom of the outer wall of the pressure head (43) is fixedly installed with an elastic connector (44). The top of the outer wall of the pressure head (43) is fixedly installed with a connecting plate (45). The top of the outer wall of the connecting plate (45) is fixedly connected with a lifting drive block (46). The lower pressing surface of the pressure head (43) is parallel to the top of the outer wall of the stacked pressure plate (7).

7. The silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing equipment based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stacked plate (7) is symmetrically arranged with first guide rails (36) in the horizontal direction. The first guide rails (36) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the C-shaped frame (1). The first guide rails (36) are slidably connected to the first slider (38). The outer wall of the first slider (38) is fixedly installed with a first alignment plate (39). The inner sides of the first alignment plates (39) are parallel to each other. The outer wall of the first alignment plates (39) is connected to a first driving mechanism to drive the first slider (38) to move along the first guide rails (36). The stacked plate pressure plate (7) is symmetrically arranged with a second guide rail (37) in the vertical direction. The second guide rail (37) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the C-shaped frame (1). The second guide rail (37) is slidably connected to the second slider (40). The second alignment plate (41) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second slider (40). The inner sides of the second alignment plate (41) are parallel to each other. The outer wall of the second alignment plate (41) is connected to the second drive mechanism to drive the second slider (40) to move along the second guide rail (37).

8. A silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing device based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the outer wall of the mandrel positioning plate (16) is inlaid with a positioning block (42), and a V-shaped groove is opened at the top of the outer wall of the positioning block (42). A negative pressure hole is drilled at the bottom of the V-shaped groove, and the negative pressure hole is connected to the vacuum pipeline. The lead wire of the strain gauge (12) passes through the ceramic guide sleeve and connects to the brush slip ring (47). The moving ring of the brush slip ring (47) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the stacked plate (7), and the stationary ring of the brush slip ring (47) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the insulating bracket. The insulating bracket is pressed against the column at the top of the outer wall of the C-type frame (1) by a butterfly spring.

9. A silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing device based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide sleeve (48) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting plate (45). The guide sleeve (48) is sleeved with the guide optical shaft (49). The guide optical shaft (49) is fixedly installed on the rear end of the outer wall of the C-type frame (1). The axis of the guide optical shaft (49) is parallel to the axis of the ball screw, and the axis of the ball screw is perpendicular to the top of the outer wall of the stacked plate (7). Polyurethane cushioning pads are attached to the inner surfaces of the first alignment plate (39) and the second alignment plate (41).

10. A silicon steel sheet stacking and pressing device based on self-controlled pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal output terminal of the strain gauge (12) is connected to the analog input port of the controller (35), and the controller (35) has a built-in PID control board; The input end of the PID control board receives the deviation between the deformation electrical signal of the strain gauge (12) and the preset pressure threshold, and the output end generates a PWM control signal to drive the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism. The first drive mechanism receives the PWM signal to adjust the horizontal displacement of the first alignment plate (39), and the second drive mechanism receives the PWM signal to adjust the vertical displacement of the second alignment plate (41).

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