Modular regulation and storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system

Abstract

The application discloses a modular regulation and storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system, relates to the technical field of ecological water conservancy engineering, and comprises a regulation and storage tunnel module, an ecological landscape module and an intelligent regulation and control module; the regulation and storage tunnel module comprises an electroactive biological membrane-plant root coupling reactor and an intelligent secretion capturing and releasing module, and is used for realizing water regulation and storage and heavy metal ion pollutant treatment; in the application, by constructing an artificial electron transfer channel, intelligently regulating phenol concentration and multi-field coupling simulation, the problem of microbial-plant interface bioelectrochemical coupling failure is solved, the removal rate of heavy metal ions is stably improved, pipeline scaling is reduced, and the limitation of traditional monitoring and models is broken through; meanwhile, by means of ecological module cooperation, the biological diversity and system stability are enhanced, the operation and maintenance cost is reduced, the material life is prolonged, and a new solution of cross-disciplinary precise regulation and control is provided for urban water environment treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological water conservancy engineering technology, specifically to a modular water storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system. Background Technology

[0002] In urban water environment management, stormwater storage tunnels serve as crucial infrastructure, playing a vital role in rainwater storage, pollutant purification, and ecological landscape synergy. However, existing stormwater storage systems generally suffer from material transport imbalances caused by the failure of bioelectrochemical coupling at the microbial-plant interface, specifically manifested as follows:

[0003] Bioelectric signal coupling mechanism failure: Electrogenic bacteria (such as Geobacter and Shewanella) drive heavy metal ions (such as Cu) through the extracellular electron transport chain (EET). 2+ The valence state transformation and migration of ions, and the phenolic compounds (such as ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid) secreted by the roots of wetland plants (such as reeds and cattails) have a dual role as electron shuttles and metabolic disruptors—at low concentrations, they promote EET to accelerate heavy metal precipitation, while at high concentrations, they inhibit the activity of electrogenic bacteria, leading to abnormal electrochemical gradients. Existing designs completely ignore this cross-species electrical signal interaction, resulting in Cu within the tunnel... 2+ Abnormal enrichment occurs due to drastic changes in valence state (e.g., Cu). 0 (deposition clogging pipes) or loss (such as Cu) 2+ Excessive emissions severely impact the system's purification efficiency and operational stability.

[0004] An abnormal electrochemical gradient triggers a chain reaction: Under normal EET-driven conditions, Cu 2+ The dynamic balance between reduction and precipitation in the cathode region and dissolution and migration in the anodic region is disrupted. When phenols are in excess, if they over-activate cathode reduction as electron shuttles, it leads to excessive precipitation of heavy metal ions in the upstream section of the tunnel and ion depletion in the downstream water. If EET is inhibited, it causes a sharp rise in the anodic oxidation potential, and the precipitated heavy metals redissolve, resulting in excessive outlet concentrations. The mV-level potential difference at the microscopic level forms a centimeter-level redox gradient through the accumulation of community electron flow, directly regulating the adsorption-desorption balance of heavy metal ions in porous media. Traditional water quality models only focus on macroscopic parameters such as pH and Eh, and cannot capture the abnormal material transport caused by such fine potential fluctuations.

[0005] The necessity of solving the problem:

[0006] The implicit risks at the engineering level need to be avoided: the abnormal enrichment of heavy metals leads to the scaling of the inner wall of the tunnel (such as Cu(OH)2 deposition), which increases the hydraulic resistance and induces structural safety hazards; and the loss may cause downstream water pollution incidents, especially in the drinking water source protection area, causing ecological risks. Traditional chemical cleaning (such as EDTA chelation) destroys the microbial community, forming a vicious cycle of "cleaning-pollution rebound", and the operation and maintenance cost increases and the root problem cannot be solved.

[0007] The synergistic demand of ecology and environmental benefits: as a key node of urban water ecosystem, the storage and regulation tunnel needs to consider pollution control and landscape function. The existing system cannot achieve long-term stable operation due to the imbalance of biological electric signal regulation, and cannot fully play the ecological value of wetland plants in water purification, biodiversity maintenance and other aspects due to the neglect of the synergistic effect of plants and microorganisms.

[0008] Therefore, a modular storage and regulation tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system is provided to overcome the above problems. SUMMARY

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to provide a modular storage and regulation tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, the modular storage and regulation tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system provided by the present application comprises a storage and regulation tunnel module, an ecological landscape module and an intelligent regulation module.

[0011] The storage and regulation tunnel module comprises an electroactive biofilm-plant root system coupled reactor and an intelligent secretion capture and release module, which is used for water storage and regulation and heavy metal ion pollutant treatment.

[0012] The ecological landscape module is arranged around and on the top of the storage and regulation tunnel, and is constructed by wetland plant configuration and ecological slope protection, which cooperates with the storage and regulation tunnel module to enhance the ecological function of the system.

[0013] The intelligent regulation module realizes real-time monitoring and regulation of the system operation through a bio-mechanical coupling model and a self-adaptive feedback control algorithm.

[0014] Further, the electroactive biofilm-plant root system coupled reactor comprises:

[0015] The carbon nanotube-doped chitosan conductive hydrogel lining is used as the inner wall material of the tunnel, which provides a growth environment for the wetland plant roots and acts as an extracellular electron transfer medium for microorganisms, and constructs an artificial electron transfer channel.

[0016] The degradable flexible microelectrode embedded in the conductive hydrogel is used for real-time monitoring of the micro-area redox potential, and regulates the local electrochemical gradient by releasing pulse current.

[0017] Further, the intelligent exudate capture-release module comprises a molecularly imprinted polymer film coated on the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0018] Further, the bio-electro-mechanical coupling model integrates the fluid-solid-electric multi-field coupling simulation, embeds the electrochemical impedance spectrum data of the conductive hydrogel, combines the Michaelis-Menten kinetics equation corrected by the electrical signal, quantifies the influence of the electrical signal and the phenolic concentration on the microbial extracellular electron transfer rate, and is used for accurate prediction of heavy metal ion migration.

[0019] Further, the adaptive feedback control algorithm integrates the mu-Eh microelectrode, the Raman spectrometer, and the LC-MS microprobe, constructs a three-dimensional electrochemical state space, monitors the oxidation-reduction potential, Cu 2+ valence state, and phenolic dynamic parameters in real time, and resets the micro-area electrochemical environment through pulse current intervention.

[0020] Further, the specific recognition ability of the molecularly imprinted polymer film to ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid is realized through voltage regulation to switch the phenolic compounds between the functions of the electron shuttle and the metabolic interference agent, and the oxidation-reduction microenvironment in the tunnel is maintained stable.

[0021] Further, the regulation and storage tunnel module, the ecological landscape module, and the intelligent control module are interacted and cooperated through data to form a closed loop of monitoring-control-treatment.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0023] I. Solve the bio-electrochemical coupling failure and accurately control the heavy metal migration:

[0024] 1. Stabilize the oxidation-reduction microenvironment:

[0025] Through the conductive hydrogel lining of the electroactive biofilm-plant root coupling reactor, an artificial electron transfer channel of "plant root exudate-conductive substrate-electrogenic bacteria" is constructed, the insulation limitation of traditional concrete lining is broken, efficient interaction of electrical signals between microorganisms and plants is realized, Cu 2+ valence state variation and abnormal enrichment / loss (such as reduced Cu 0 deposition blockage or oxidized Cu 2+ exceeding discharge) caused by cross-species signal imbalance is avoided, and stable oxidation-reduction gradient (DE) in the tunnel is maintained.

[0026] The intelligent exudate capture-release module specifically regulates the phenolic concentration through the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film, releases phenols as electron shuttles to promote Cu 2+ reduction deposition at low concentration, and captures excess phenols to avoid inhibition of electrogenic bacteria at high concentration.

[0027] 2. Dynamic regulation of electrochemical gradient:

[0028] The degradable flexible microelectrode embedded in the conductive hydrogel monitors the micro-area redox potential (μ-Eh) in real time. By pulse current intervention (such as releasing reverse weak current to inhibit the excessive activation of electrogenic bacteria), the local electrochemical environment is precisely adjusted to solve the problem of excessive reduction of cathode or sudden rise of anode oxidation potential caused by the fluctuation of phenolic concentration, and to avoid the "unintended migration" of heavy metal ions (such as lack of downstream ions or excessive outlet concentration).

[0029] II. Breakthrough of cross-disciplinary cognitive blind spot, realize multi-disciplinary collaborative innovation:

[0030] 1. Cross-scale coupling regulation:

[0031] The bio-mechanical coupling model integrates the flow-solid-electric multi-field coupling simulation, embeds the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data of conductive hydrogel, and combines the Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation corrected by electrical signal. For the first time, it quantifies the influence of electrical signal and phenolic concentration on microbial extracellular electron transfer rate, breaks through the limitation of traditional hydrodynamic model focusing on macroscopic parameters, and accurately predicts the migration behavior of heavy metals under different flow rates and substrate distributions (such as dynamic compensation of electrode current in turbulent flow environment).

[0032] The adaptive feedback control algorithm (AFCA) integrates multi-modal sensors such as μ-Eh microelectrode and Raman spectrometer to construct a three-dimensional electrochemical state space, which can capture mV-level potential difference and nM-level phenolic dynamic in real time, realize "monitoring-regulation-repair" closed loop, and solve the monitoring lag problem of traditional monitoring methods on micro-mechanism.

[0033] 2. Ecological-engineering synergistic effect

[0034] The wetland plant configuration absorbs nitrogen, phosphorus nutrients and heavy metal ions through the root system of reed and cattail, reducing the risk of water eutrophication; transpiration regulates local climate, and root exudates provide nutrients for microorganisms, promoting "plant-microorganism" synergistic purification, making up for the deficiency of traditional design that plants are only used as physical adsorption barriers.

[0035] The ecological slope protection construction enhances the erosion resistance of the slope through the root network of herbaceous plants and shrubs, improves biodiversity, provides a stable habitat for electrogenic bacteria, and indirectly ensures the sustainability of the EET process of microorganisms.

[0036] III. Significantly improve system performance, reduce operation and maintenance risk and cost

[0037] 1. Performance index breakthrough:

[0038] The heavy metal treatment stability is improved, the pipeline fouling rate is reduced, no chemical agent is needed to be put in, the damage of traditional cleaning methods such as EDTA chelation to microbial community is avoided, and a ''self-sustaining'' purification system is formed.

[0039] The multi-modal sensor fusion technology realizes high-frequency monitoring of micro-zone oxidation-reduction potential and phenolic concentration, and real-time response to abnormal changes.

[0040] 2. Full life cycle optimization:

[0041] The biocompatibility and self-repairing characteristics of the conductive hydrogel prolong the service life of the lining material and reduce the structural maintenance cost.

[0042] The self-calibration mechanism reduces the frequency of artificial monitoring, reduces the operation and maintenance cost, avoids the vicious cycle of ''cleaning-pollution rebound'', and improves the long-term operation reliability of the system.

[0043] Four, restructure the plant-microorganism synergistic mechanism and overturn the traditional purification cognition:

[0044] 1. Plant role change:

[0045] The active role of wetland plant root exudates as an ''electrochemical regulator'' is clear, the concentration-dependent regulation threshold of phenols on EET is quantified through intelligent modules, the ambiguity problem of ''beneficial interference'' and ''harmful interference'' is solved, and the Cu 2+ Leakage risk caused by improper plant density design is avoided.

[0046] 2. Interdisciplinary technology fusion:

[0047] Integrate the technologies in the fields of microbial electrochemistry, intelligent materials (conductive hydrogel, molecularly imprinted polymer), flexible electronics (degradable microelectrode), etc., build a new architecture of ''bioelectric signal monitoring-chemical gradient regulation-ecological function synergy'', provide a cross-scale design framework from molecular signal to macroscopic transmission for ecological water conservancy engineering, and promote the transformation of urban water environment governance to precision and intelligence.

[0048] The system solves the problem of biological electric signal coupling failure of traditional storage and regulation tunnels through four core innovations of artificial electronic path construction, phenolic dynamic buffering, multi-field coupling simulation and ecological function synergy, realizes multiple breakthroughs in heavy metal treatment efficiency, system stability, ecological benefit and operation and maintenance cost, and has significant technical progress and engineering application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] Fig. 1 It is the principle diagram of the modular storage and regulation tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system of the application;

[0050] Fig. 2A biological-mechanical coupling model block diagram of the modular regulation and storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system of the present application;

[0051] Fig. 3 An adaptive feedback control algorithm block diagram of the modular regulation and storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0053] Please refer to Figs. 1-3 The present application provides a technical solution:

[0054] Please refer to Figs. 1-3 The embodiment of the modular regulation and storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system is shown in the figure:

[0055] I. Overall architecture of the system

[0056] The modular regulation and storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system is composed of a regulation and storage tunnel module, an ecological landscape module and an intelligent regulation and control module. The regulation and storage tunnel module, as the core, uses the biological-electrochemical coupling principle of the microorganism-plant interface to undertake the tasks of water regulation and storage and heavy metal ion and other pollutant treatment; the ecological landscape module beautifies the environment while cooperating with the regulation and storage tunnel module through the ecological function of plants to enhance the ecological function of the system; the intelligent regulation and control module monitors and regulates the system operation in real time, and ensures efficient and stable operation of the system with the help of sensors and algorithms. This architecture design breaks the traditional mode of independent operation of each part of water conservancy projects, and builds a new system of multi-module cooperation and multi-disciplinary integration.

[0057] II. Regulation and storage tunnel module

[0058] (1) Electroactive biofilm-plant root system coupling reactor

[0059] Conductive hydrogel lining

[0060] The carbon nanotube-doped chitosan conductive hydrogel is used as the lining material of the storage and regulation tunnel. The material has good biocompatibility and conductivity, providing a growth environment for wetland plants (such as reeds) root systems, and serving as an extracellular electron transfer (EET) medium for microorganisms. Phenolic compounds and other substances secreted by reed root systems can be transferred to electrogenic bacteria (such as Geobacter) through the conductive hydrogel, establishing an artificial electron transfer path of “plant root exudates → conductive substrate → electrogenic bacteria”. Compared with traditional concrete lining, this design breaks the natural interaction limit between plants and microorganisms, making electron transfer more efficient and controllable, and avoiding the hindrance of electron transfer caused by the insulating nature of traditional lining materials.

[0061] From the perspective of the bioelectrochemical coupling mechanism at the microorganism-plant interface, traditional concrete lining cannot form an effective electron transfer path, resulting in limited EET process of microorganisms and difficulty in regulating the valence state transformation and migration behavior of heavy metal ions. The artificial electron transfer path established by the conductive hydrogel can stabilize the redox microenvironment in the tunnel. Through the study of the metabolic process of electrogenic bacteria, it is found that stable electron transfer helps to maintain the normal metabolism of electrogenic bacteria, thereby reducing the dramatic change of the valence state of heavy metal ions. For example, in the treatment of heavy metal ions Cu 2+ , stable electron transfer can promote the transformation of Cu 0 to the reduced state, prevent the deposition of reduced Cu 2+ from blocking the pipeline, and prevent the migration of oxidized Cu 2+ with the water flow, thereby improving the treatment capacity of heavy metal ions.

[0062] The imbalance of material transport in the storage and regulation tunnel is essentially the failure of bioelectrochemical coupling at the microorganism-plant interface. Traditional design ignores the electrical signal interaction across species, while the conductive hydrogel lining realizes the effective interaction of electrical signals between microorganisms and plants by establishing an artificial electron transfer path, avoiding the abnormal enrichment or loss of heavy metal ions caused by the imbalance of electrical signal interaction across species, and maintaining a stable redox microenvironment in the tunnel.

[0063] Dynamic electrode array:

[0064] The degradable flexible microelectrodes are embedded in the conductive hydrogel to monitor the micro-zone oxidation-reduction potential (μ-Eh) in real time. These microelectrodes have high sensitivity and good flexibility, which can adapt to the complex environment in the tunnel. When the concentration of phenolic compounds is detected to be excessive, the electrode releases a reverse weak current to inhibit the excessive activation of electrogenic bacteria according to the preset control logic. For example, when the concentration of coumaric acid is excessive, the electrode releases a reverse current to maintain the dynamic balance of Cu 2+ reduction-dissolution.

[0065] The effect of phenolic compounds on electrogenic bacteria has a dual nature. High concentrations of phenolic compounds can inhibit the expression of cytochrome or the integrity of the cell membrane of electrogenic bacteria, leading to a decrease in EET efficiency and the accumulation of electrons, which triggers abnormal local electrochemical gradients. By releasing a weak reverse current through a dynamic electrode array, the micro-area redox potential can be accurately regulated. The appropriate redox potential can optimize the metabolic environment of electrogenic bacteria, avoiding excessive cathode reduction or a sudden increase in anode oxidation potential. Through this regulation method, the abnormal changes in the concentration of Cu 2+ in the downstream water body can be effectively controlled, ensuring the balance of material transport in the regulation and storage tunnel and reducing the engineering risks caused by abnormal migration of heavy metal ions.

[0066] Electrochemical gradient abnormalities can lead to "unintended migration" of heavy metal ions, and the dynamic electrode array solves the problem of electrochemical gradient abnormalities caused by fluctuations in phenolic compound concentration by real-time monitoring and accurate regulation of the micro-area redox potential. In traditional regulation and storage tunnels, due to the lack of effective monitoring and regulation means for the micro-area redox potential, it is impossible to respond in a timely manner to the impact of changes in phenolic compound concentration. The dynamic electrode array of this system can quickly respond to changes in phenolic compound concentration, maintain the stability of the redox potential by adjusting the current, avoid "unintended migration" of heavy metal ions, and ensure the normal operation of material transport in the regulation and storage tunnel.

[0067] (II) Intelligent secretion capture and release module:

[0068] Molecularly imprinted polymer film coating:

[0069] A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film specific to ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid is coated on the inner wall of the regulation and storage tunnel. This film has a high specific recognition and adsorption capacity. When the concentration of phenolic compounds exceeds the threshold value, an electric voltage is applied to shrink the pore size of the MIP film, specifically capturing excess phenolic compounds. When the concentration is below the pre-set threshold value, an electric voltage is applied to expand the pore size, releasing the pre-stored phenolic compounds as electron shuttles.

[0070] It should be noted here that:

[0071] The preparation method of the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film is as follows:

[0072] Ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid are used as template molecules, methacrylic acid is selected as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is selected as the crosslinking agent, and azobisisobutyronitrile is selected as the initiator. The molar ratio of template molecule: functional monomer: crosslinking agent is 1:4:20, dissolved in acetonitrile porogen, and the polymerization reaction is initiated at 60°C under nitrogen protection for 24 hours in the dark. After the polymerization is completed, a mixture of methanol and acetic acid with a volume ratio of 9:1 is used as the eluent, and the template molecules are removed by Soxhlet extraction. After vacuum drying, a MIP film with specific recognition cavities is obtained. The film is uniformly coated on the inner wall of the regulation and storage tunnel by the spin coating method.

[0073] The uncontrolled concentration of phenolic compounds as electron shuttles and metabolic disruptors can seriously affect the EET process of electrogenic bacteria. High concentrations of phenolic compounds can inhibit the activity of electrogenic bacteria, leading to a decrease in EET efficiency. Precise regulation of phenolic concentration by molecularly imprinted polymer thin film can avoid the inhibition of EET by high concentrations of phenolic compounds, and stabilize the microbial EET process. From the perspective of electron transfer, phenolic compounds at appropriate concentrations as electron shuttles can promote the transfer of electrons from electrogenic bacteria to heavy metal ions, thereby promoting Cu 2+ Reduction precipitation.

[0074] In traditional design of regulation and storage tunnel, the threshold of "plant-microorganism" synergistic effect is not quantified, leading to unstable regulation effect of phenolic compounds on EET. The intelligent secretion capture-release module quantifies the promotion / inhibition threshold of phenolic compounds on EET through molecularly imprinted polymer thin film. When the concentration of phenolic compounds exceeds the threshold, the thin film can capture excess phenolic compounds in time to avoid their inhibition on electrogenic bacteria; when the concentration of phenolic compounds is too low, the pre-stored phenolic compounds are released as electron shuttles to realize precise regulation of plant exudates, promote the synergistic effect of plants and microorganisms, and ensure the normal operation of the regulation and storage tunnel.

[0075] Synergistic effect:

[0076] The module cooperates with the electroactive biofilm-plant root coupled reactor EBP-Cell to greatly improve the removal efficiency of Cu 2+ Stability, and enhance the stability of electrogenic bacterial community.

[0077] The artificial electron transfer pathway constructed by the electroactive biofilm-plant root coupled reactor EBP-Cell provides a good electron transfer environment for microbial metabolism, while the intelligent secretion capture-release module SECM module ensures the stability of phenolic concentration, and the synergistic effect of the two can maintain a stable electrochemical gradient in the tunnel. Under the stable electrochemical gradient, the electrogenic bacterial community can maintain good metabolic activity, thereby enhancing the stability of Cu 2+ removal, and reducing the fluctuation of treatment efficiency. From the perspective of microbial ecology, a stable environment is conducive to the growth and reproduction of electrogenic bacteria, thereby ensuring the effective treatment of heavy metal ions. After the synergistic effect of the two, the metabolic activity and stability of the electrogenic bacterial community can be significantly improved.

[0078] The bioelectrochemical coupling failure at the microbe-plant interface is a key factor leading to the imbalance of material transport in the storage and regulation tunnel. The synergy of EBP-Cell and SECM modules stabilizes the bioelectrochemical coupling process at the microbe-plant interface. By constructing an artificial electron transfer pathway and precisely regulating the concentration of phenols, the inhibition of electrogenic bacteria due to fluctuations in phenol concentration is avoided, maintaining a stable electrochemical gradient and ensuring the balance and stability of material transport in the storage and regulation tunnel, effectively solving the problem of material transport imbalance.

[0079] III. Ecological landscape module:

[0080] (I) Wetland plant configuration:

[0081] Wetland plants such as reeds and cattails are planted in the wetland plant area around and on top of the storage and regulation tunnel. These plants have strong root absorption capacity and transpiration, which can reduce the concentration of pollutants in the tunnel by absorbing water and nutrients through their roots; at the same time, their transpiration can regulate the local climate.

[0082] From the perspective of plant physiology and ecology, the roots of wetland plants have rich root hair structures, which can increase the contact area with water, thereby efficiently absorbing nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients and some heavy metal ions from water, reducing the risk of water eutrophication. The transpiration of plants can promote the circulation of water, regulate local humidity and temperature, and improve local climate conditions. In addition, the root exudates of wetland plants can provide nutrients for microorganisms, creating an environment suitable for the survival of microorganisms and promoting the synergistic effect between microorganisms and plants.

[0083] The imbalance of material transport in the storage and regulation tunnel is not only a problem of microorganisms and heavy metal ions, but also related to the entire ecological environment. The wetland plant configuration assists the storage and regulation tunnel module from an ecological perspective, improving the overall ecological environment of the system through the absorption and regulation of plants. A stable ecological environment is conducive to the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, promotes the benign circulation of matter and energy, enhances the comprehensive treatment capacity of the system for pollutants, and further ensures the stable operation of the storage and regulation tunnel, solving the problem of material transport imbalance caused by unstable ecological environment.

[0084] (II) Ecological slope protection:

[0085] Ecological slope protection technology is used to plant herbaceous plants and low shrubs on the side slope of the storage and regulation tunnel to prevent slope collapse and increase biodiversity.

[0086] The root systems of herbaceous plants and low shrubs can penetrate deep into the soil, forming a network of roots that enhance the soil's resistance to erosion, ensuring slope stability and reducing the risk of engineering risks caused by slope collapse. From the perspective of biodiversity, different types of plants provide diverse habitats and food sources for insects, birds, and other organisms, attracting more species to survive and reproduce, increasing biodiversity. Rich biodiversity helps to balance and stabilize the ecosystem, promoting the benign circulation of matter and energy, and enhancing the ecological function of the system.

[0087] The stability of the regulating and storage tunnel slope directly affects the normal operation of the tunnel, and slope collapse can cause damage to the tunnel structure and affect material transport. The construction of ecological slope protection solves the problem of regulating and storage tunnel slope stability, avoiding the impact of slope collapse on the normal operation of the regulating and storage tunnel. At the same time, the increased biodiversity improves the ecological environment, providing better ecological conditions for the synergistic effect of microorganisms and plants in the regulating and storage tunnel, further ensuring the stability of material transport in the regulating and storage tunnel.

[0088] IV. Intelligent control module:

[0089] (I) Bio-mechatronics coupling model:

[0090] Multi-physical field coupling simulation:

[0091] Based on the traditional hydrodynamic model (such as SWMM), the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data of conductive hydrogel is embedded to construct a flow-solid-electric multi-field coupling model. This model fully considers the interaction between water flow, solid medium and electric signal in the regulating and storage tunnel.

[0092] Traditional hydrodynamic models only focus on macroscopic parameters such as water flow and pollutant concentration, and cannot accurately simulate the complex electrochemical reactions and material transport processes in the regulating and storage tunnel. The flow-solid-electric multi-field coupling model can accurately predict and control the distribution of electric field, heavy metal ion migration and other processes in the tunnel by considering the interaction of multiple physical fields. Different water flow velocities will affect the efficiency of electron transfer, and through the prediction of the model, the current of the electrode array can be adjusted in advance to adapt to the electron transfer requirements under different working conditions, accurately simulating the actual working conditions, providing a theoretical basis for system optimization design, and improving the adaptability of the system to complex working conditions.

[0093] There is a "black box" cognition of bioelectric signal in water conservancy engineering design. The traditional design ignores the coupling of microbial EET and plant metabolic electrical signal, and the influence of three-dimensional flow field and substrate distribution heterogeneity on bioelectric signal. The BEMCM model breaks through this cognitive blind spot through multi-physical field coupling simulation, and quantifies the cascade reaction path of "plant exudates → EET regulation → electrochemical gradient → heavy metal migration". The model can accurately predict the migration behavior of heavy metal ions under different working conditions, providing a scientific basis for system regulation and solving the problem of ignoring the coupling of microbial EET and plant metabolic electrical signal in traditional design.

[0094] Application of Michaelis-Menten kinetics with electrical signal correction:

[0095] Introducing Michaelis-Menten kinetics equation with electrical signal correction:

[0096] ,

[0097] According to the real-time monitoring of electrical signal , phenolic concentration and other parameters, the rate of microbial EET is accurately controlled.

[0098] Where:

[0099] : It represents the rate of microbial extracellular electron transfer (EET). In the modularized regulation and storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system, EET is the process of electron transfer from microorganisms such as electric-producing bacteria to the outside of the cell, which is crucial for the reduction and precipitation of heavy metal ions and other pollutants. The value of reflects the speed of electron transfer, which directly affects the removal efficiency of heavy metal ions by the system. When is higher, it means that microorganisms can transfer electrons to heavy metal ions more quickly, promoting their reduction and precipitation, and thus improving the removal effect of heavy metal ions.

[0100] : It represents the maximum rate of microbial extracellular electron transfer. This is the maximum electron transfer rate that microorganisms can achieve under the condition of high substrate concentration and other suitable conditions, which is an inherent property of the microbial system and is determined by factors such as the type and activity of microorganisms. Different types of electric-producing bacteria have different values. Electric-producing bacteria with strong electric-producing ability, have relatively large values, and may have stronger processing capacity for heavy metal ions in the system.

[0101] : refers to the concentration of the substrate. The substrate is the substance utilized in the metabolic process of microorganisms. In this system, the substrate may be plant root exudates and other substances that can provide energy and electrons for microorganisms. If phenolic compounds excreted by reed roots are used as substrates, the higher the concentration, the more substances microorganisms can utilize, which will promote the increase of EET rate within a certain range.

[0102] : refers to the Michaelis constant. It is an important parameter in enzyme reaction kinetics, representing the affinity of microorganisms for substrates in the equation. The smaller the value, the stronger the affinity of microorganisms for substrates, and a lower substrate concentration can achieve a higher reaction rate. If the value of a certain electric bacteria is small, the electric bacteria can efficiently utilize the substrate for electron transfer even if the substrate concentration is not high.

[0103] : is an electrical signal influencing factor, which is a proportional coefficient. It reflects the degree of influence of electrical signals (E) on the extracellular electron transfer rate of microorganisms. Its specific value needs to be determined by experiments and is related to the species of microorganisms and the environment they are in. If the value is large, it means that the electrical signal has a significant impact on the EET rate, and small changes in the electrical signal may cause large changes in the EET rate.

[0104] : represents the real-time monitored electrical signal. In the storage and adjustment tunnel system, the electrical signal can reflect the electrochemical state of the system, such as redox potential information. By monitoring the electrical signal, the running state of the system can be understood in real time, and the EET rate of microorganisms can be regulated. When the electrical signal changes, the will be adjusted accordingly according to the equation to maintain the stable operation of the system.

[0105] : is a phenol concentration influencing factor, also a proportional coefficient. It reflects the degree of influence of phenol concentration on the extracellular electron transfer rate of microorganisms. Its value also needs to be determined by experiments and is affected by factors such as the characteristics of microorganisms and the types of phenols. If the value is large, it means that the change of phenol concentration has a greater impact on the EET rate, and the system needs more precise regulation of phenol concentration to maintain the stability of the EET rate.

[0106] The value indicates the concentration of phenols. In the system, phenolic compounds (such as ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid) can either act as electron shuttles to promote the EET process or inhibit the activity of electrogenic bacteria at high concentrations. Therefore, real-time monitoring and regulation of phenol concentration is crucial for maintaining stable system operation. When the phenol concentration exceeds a certain threshold, it may inhibit the EET process of electrogenic bacteria. In this case, the phenol concentration can be regulated using a smart secretion capture-release module (SECM).

[0107] Traditional water quality models' biogeochemical modules only include microbial-substrate reaction kinetics, neglecting the influence of electrical signals on microbial energy exchange rate (EET). However, the electrically modified Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation quantifies the impact of electrical signals on microbial EET, overcoming the limitations of traditional models. By real-time monitoring of parameters such as electrical signals and phenol concentrations, the microbial EET rate can be precisely controlled according to the equation. A suitable EET rate helps optimize the removal process of heavy metal ions and improve treatment capacity.

[0108] Traditional water quality models lack the ability to monitor and simulate microscopic potential fluctuations and complex reaction pathways, making it impossible to accurately predict and regulate the removal process of heavy metal ions. The Michaelis-Menten kinetics application with electrical signal correction quantifies the impact of electrical signals on microbial energy transfer efficiency (EET), enabling precise regulation of the heavy metal ion removal process. It can adjust the microbial EET rate in a timely manner based on real-time monitoring data, ensuring the stability of material transport within the storage tunnel and overcoming the shortcomings of traditional models in this regard.

[0109] (II) Adaptive Feedback Control Algorithm:

[0110] Multimodal sensor fusion:

[0111] Integrating multimodal sensors such as μ-Eh microelectrodes, Raman spectrometers, and LC-MS microprobes, this system monitors the redox potential and Cu content within the tunnel in real time. 2+ A three-dimensional electrochemical state space is constructed using parameters such as valence state and phenol dynamics. When Cu is detected... 2+ The "electric pulse cleaning program" is triggered when the valence state changes drastically.

[0112] Current water quality monitoring methods mainly focus on macroscopic parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and total heavy metals, lacking high-frequency monitoring capabilities for micro-area redox potential, extracellular electron transport rate, and dynamic concentration of root exudates. Multimodal sensor fusion technology can comprehensively acquire electrochemical information and promptly capture parameter changes. By constructing a three-dimensional electrochemical state space, it can more accurately reflect the electrochemical state within the storage tunnel, providing accurate data support for adaptive feedback control. When abnormal parameter changes are detected, it can quickly respond and adjust the system's operating state, ensuring system stability and treatment effectiveness.

[0113] Traditional monitoring methods are insufficient in monitoring the micro-mechanism and cannot timely detect and respond to abnormal conditions in the regulation and storage tunnel. The multi-modal sensor fusion technology realizes high-frequency monitoring of the micro-zone redox potential, extracellular electron transfer rate, and dynamic concentration of root exudates, solving this problem. Through real-time monitoring and data analysis, abnormal changes at the microbe-plant interface can be detected in a timely manner, providing a data basis for precise regulation of the system and ensuring the normal operation of material transport in the regulation and storage tunnel.

[0114] Pulse response compensation:

[0115] When the system detects an anomaly, it automatically triggers the "electric pulse cleaning program", applies a pulse voltage for a certain period of time, and resets the micro-zone electrochemical environment.

[0116] When the electron coupling between the electrogenic bacteria and the root system is abnormal, it will lead to a decline in system performance and affect the heavy metal ion treatment capacity. Pulse response compensation can destroy the abnormal electron coupling between the electrogenic bacteria and the root system by applying a pulse voltage, resetting the micro-zone electrochemical environment. From the perspective of microbial electrochemistry, a suitable pulse voltage can adjust the metabolic environment of microorganisms, restore their normal metabolic activity, quickly restore the heavy metal ion treatment capacity, and maintain the normal operation of the system.

[0117] Abnormal electron coupling at the microbe-plant interface is one of the important reasons for system failure, and traditional methods cannot effectively solve this problem. The pulse response compensation function of the adaptive feedback control algorithm can effectively respond to system failures caused by abnormal electron coupling at the microbe-plant interface. By resetting the micro-zone electrochemical environment, the system can resume normal operation and ensure stable and efficient material transport in the regulation and storage tunnel.

[0118] Summary:

[0119] This system effectively solves the problem of material transport imbalance in the regulation and storage tunnel. In terms of biological electrical signal coupling failure, the EBP-Cell and SECM modules are used to construct an artificial electron transfer pathway and precisely regulate phenolic concentration, fundamentally solving the problem of microbial-plant interface bioelectrochemical coupling failure and maintaining the stability of the redox microenvironment; for cross-disciplinary cognitive blind spots, multi-disciplinary knowledge is integrated, BEMCM and AFCA are used to consider complex influencing factors and quantify the cascade reaction path, breaking down the disciplinary barriers between water conservancy engineering and microbial electrochemistry; for the concealment of micro-mechanism, multi-modal sensor fusion and BEMCM are used to achieve high-frequency monitoring and precise simulation, making up for the shortcomings of traditional monitoring and models; for the problem of plant role transformation and threshold ambiguity, SECM is used to clarify the plant regulation role and quantify the phenolic action threshold, achieving precise regulation. This provides a new technical path for the design and operation of future ecological water conservancy projects.

Claims

1. A modular regulation and storage tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system, characterized in that, The system comprises a storage and regulation tunnel module, an ecological landscape module, and an intelligent regulation and control module. The storage and regulation tunnel module comprises an electroactive biofilm-plant root coupling reactor and an intelligent secretion capture-release module, and is used for realizing water storage and regulation and heavy metal ion pollutant treatment. The ecological landscape module is arranged around and on the top of the storage and regulation tunnel, and is constructed by wetland plant configuration and ecological slope protection, and cooperates with the storage and regulation tunnel module to enhance the ecological function of the system. The intelligent regulation and control module realizes real-time monitoring and regulation of system operation through a bio-mechanical coupling model and a self-adaptive feedback control algorithm. The electroactive biofilm-plant root coupling reactor comprises: A carbon nanotube-doped chitosan conductive hydrogel lining is used as a tunnel inner wall material, provides a growth environment for wetland plant roots, and acts as an extracellular electron transfer medium to construct an artificial electron transfer channel. A degradable flexible microelectrode embedded in the conductive hydrogel is used for real-time monitoring of micro-area oxidation-reduction potential, and regulates local electrochemical gradient by releasing pulse current. The intelligent secretion capture-release module comprises a molecularly imprinted polymer film coated on the inner wall of the tunnel. The specific recognition ability of the molecularly imprinted polymer film to ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid realizes switching of phenolic compounds between electron shuttling and metabolic interference agent functions through voltage regulation, and maintains stability of the oxidation-reduction microenvironment in the tunnel.

2. The modularized regulating and storing tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bio-mechanical coupling model integrates flow-solid-electric multi-field coupling simulation, embeds electrochemical impedance spectrum data of the conductive hydrogel, and combines an electric signal corrected Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation. ， wherein, represents the rate of microbial extracellular electron transfer, represents the maximum rate of microbial extracellular electron transfer, refers to the concentration of substrate, is the Michaelis constant, is the electrical signal influence factor, represents the real-time monitored electrical signal, is the phenolic concentration influence factor, : represents the concentration of phenols; quantifies the influence of electrical signal and phenolic concentration on the rate of microbial extracellular electron transfer, for accurate prediction of heavy metal ion migration.

3. The modularized regulating and storing tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Adaptive feedback control algorithm integrates μ-Eh microelectrode, Raman spectrometer, LC-MS microprobe, constructs three-dimensional electrochemical state space, real-time monitors oxidation-reduction potential, Cu 2+ valence state, phenolic dynamic parameters, and resets micro-area electrochemical environment through pulse current intervention.

4. The modularized regulating and storing tunnel and ecological landscape integrated system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The storage and regulation tunnel module, the ecological landscape module, and the intelligent regulation and control module form a monitoring-regulation-treatment closed loop through data interaction and function cooperation.

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