Negative pressure dust removal system of air pressure cotton box

Abstract

The application discloses a negative pressure dust removal system of an air pressure cotton box, which comprises a negative pressure bin and a negative pressure component, wherein the negative pressure bin comprises an upper bin body and a lower bin body; and the negative pressure component comprises a negative pressure pipeline, a pressure regulator and a negative pressure source. On one hand, based on the staggered absorption and filtration cooperation of the upper and lower segments, the absorption and filtration area covers the entire feeding segment and the top of the cotton inlet channel, and the fiber is pulled to fall due to the change of the absorption and filtration angle, so that the hanging rate of the filter screen is greatly reduced, the filter screen has good air permeability and small resistance, the cleaning and replacement frequency is reduced, the continuous and efficient operation of the production line is ensured, and on the other hand, based on the periodic change of the internal negative pressure difference of the two lower bin bodies, the fiber in the lower filtration segment swings between the lower filter screens on both sides and falls based on the weight and the downward pulling, so that the fiber knotting caused by the fiber falling in a lump is avoided, the later cotton forming is affected, the secondary dust raising and the mis-catching rate caused by the improper control of the negative pressure adsorption force are reduced, and the dust removal efficiency and the raw material yield are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of negative pressure dust removal technology, specifically relating to a negative pressure dust removal system for a pneumatic cotton box. Background Technology

[0002] The pneumatic cotton box is a key piece of equipment in textile machinery (especially carding machines and non-woven fabric production lines). It is mainly used for the uniform conveying and pretreatment of fibers. Its core function is to form a stable and uniform cotton layer from the opened fibers through air pressure control and vibration mechanism, so as to provide high-quality raw materials for subsequent carding processes.

[0003] However, the fiber raw materials contain a large amount of dust, which needs to be treated. Otherwise, the presence of dust will not only affect the operation of the equipment (wear, blockage, etc.) but also affect the quality of the product (uneven web formation, etc.) and have a negative impact on the production environment and safety. Therefore, a negative pressure dust removal system is installed in the feeding section of the cotton inlet channel. A filter screen is formed on the inner wall of the cotton inlet channel, and the dust suspended in the feeding section is adsorbed and filtered in by negative pressure. The fibers fall due to their own weight, so as to achieve negative pressure dust removal.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned dust removal methods can achieve the relative separation of dust and fibers, they have the following technical drawbacks:

[0005] 1) Due to the small particle size and large quantity of dust (such as cotton dust, short fibers and impurity particles) in the feeding section, a dense dust layer will form on the filter screen surface after long-term operation, resulting in a decrease in filter screen porosity and an increase in air permeability resistance. This not only weakens the negative pressure dust removal efficiency (manifested as a decrease in air volume at the dust removal port and an increase in dust escape), but also requires frequent shutdowns for filter screen cleaning (such as manual tapping or high-pressure air backflushing), and may even require replacement of filter media, which seriously affects the continuous operation efficiency of the production line.

[0006] 2) Turbulence or segregation may occur during fiber flow in the cotton inlet channel (such as fiber clumps causing the channel cross-section to shrink), which may disrupt the uniformity of the negative pressure airflow: on the one hand, the dense fiber area may have insufficient local negative pressure due to the shielding effect, and dust may not be effectively adsorbed; on the other hand, dead corners of the channel or areas with excessive flow velocity may cause the dust already attached to the filter screen to be re-raised by the airflow, resulting in a "dust removal-dust raising" cycle of pollution, which directly affects the dust removal efficiency and quality.

[0007] 3) The negative pressure adsorption area is only located in the feeding section. Since the fibers (especially short fibers or lightweight fibers) have a small weight, if the negative pressure adsorption force is not properly controlled (such as excessive local negative pressure), they may be adsorbed by the filter along with the dust, resulting in the effective fibers being mistakenly captured and reducing the yield of yarn raw materials. At the same time, fine dust particles that have not been completely separated may still be mixed in the fibers, affecting the quality stability of subsequent carding, spinning and other processes.

[0008] 4) Regarding pneumatic cotton conveying, the fibers move forward under the influence of airflow, which makes it easy for the fibers to clump or knot. During the dust removal process, this clumping or knotting not only affects the removal of dust but also affects the quality of the carding web. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an improved negative pressure dust removal system for a pneumatic cotton box.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0011] A negative pressure dust removal system for a pneumatic cotton box includes a negative pressure chamber and a negative pressure assembly surrounding the feed section of the cotton inlet channel. A filter screen is formed on the side wall of the cotton inlet channel corresponding to the negative pressure chamber. The negative pressure chamber is connected to the cotton inlet channel through the filter screen. The feed section is divided into an upper filter section and a lower filter section from top to bottom. The negative pressure chamber includes an upper chamber body located on opposite sides of the upper filter section and a lower chamber body located on opposite sides of the lower filter section. The upper and lower chamber bodies are staggered vertically and interconnected. The filter screen is correspondingly arranged on the upper and lower chamber bodies corresponding to the cotton inlet. The upper and lower filter screens are distributed on the side wall of the channel and are staggered vertically. The negative pressure assembly includes a negative pressure pipeline connected to two lower chambers, a pressure regulator installed on the negative pressure pipeline and / or in the lower chambers and adjusting the negative pressure changes formed by the two lower chambers to form a negative pressure difference, and a negative pressure source. The negative pressure difference between the two lower chambers formed by the pressure regulator changes periodically with a sine or cosine, so that the cotton material in the lower filter section swings back and forth between the two lower filter screens and falls due to its own weight and downward pull.

[0012] According to a specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, the upper chamber includes a main chamber body and diversion chambers communicating with the bottom of the main chamber body and extending to both sides, wherein the diversion chambers are connected from the top and respectively connected to two lower chambers. Based on the relative diversion of the gas drawn into the main chamber body to the two lower chambers, not only is the negative pressure change in the two lower chambers reduced, thus reducing the impact on the pressure change in the upper chamber, but the diversion also facilitates airflow, avoids backflow or turbulence, and improves the quality of negative pressure adsorption dust removal.

[0013] Preferably, a diversion compartment plate that gradually opens from top to bottom is provided at the bottom of the compartment body, and the diversion compartment plate and the side wall of the cotton inlet channel are closed by a sealing plate to form a diversion compartment body that is connected from top to bottom. Based on the "Λ" shape, not only is the desired diversion achieved, but the overall aesthetic appeal is also enhanced.

[0014] In some specific implementations, the two diversion cavities formed by the diversion chamber are symmetrically arranged. Based on symmetry, the diversion is uniform, which greatly reduces the probability of uneven negative pressure in the upper chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, the diversion compartment plates are shaped at right angles or acute angles. An excessively large angle would result in an undersized diversion compartment, affecting smooth diversion.

[0016] Furthermore, the two diversion cavities formed by the diversion plate are connected from the top. This connection plays a significant role in assisting pressure difference changes. Specifically, without affecting the negative pressure changes inside the silo body, the top-connected diversion cavities can quickly adjust the pressure difference balance, making the sinusoidal or cosine periodic changes formed by the negative pressure difference simpler and easier to achieve. At the same time, this assistance is not mandatory; it can also be achieved simply through pressure changes inside the lower silo body.

[0017] According to a specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, the cross-section of the cotton inlet channel is square, and the upper and lower chambers are distributed on opposite sides of the cotton inlet channel at a 90° offset. The outer side of the upper chamber is flush with the ends of the two lower chambers below. Based on the square cross-section and the layered layout at a 90° offset, not only is the separation of dust and fibers at the feed end more comprehensive, but also, for the falling fibers, the force formed by the adsorption directions in different directions further reduces the probability of fibers getting caught in the net, and also reduces the probability of short fibers being accidentally caught. In addition, for the downward pull (which can be understood as: the negative pressure formed in the lower section has a downward pulling force on the upper fiber), it can not only further shake the fibers and raise the dust, but also accelerate the fiber feeding speed.

[0018] Preferably, a viewing window slot is formed between the diversion chamber and the two lower chambers, wherein a viewing window assembly is provided on the outer wall of the cotton inlet channel of the viewing window slot. The cotton drop condition inside the cotton inlet channel can be observed based on the viewing window assembly.

[0019] According to another specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the invention, a pressure regulator is used to channel gas from the lower chamber into a negative pressure pipeline, wherein a periodically varying negative pressure differential is formed based on the periodic variation of the regulator's transmission capacity. In short, by changing the transmission capacity, the pressure variation within the two lower chambers is altered to achieve the oscillating descent of the fibers.

[0020] Preferably, a downward-extending air duct is formed at the bottom of the lower compartment, extending along its length. This downward-extending air duct is connected to a negative pressure pipeline, and a pressure regulator is correspondingly installed within the downward-extending air duct. Based on the design of the elongated air duct, the pressure regulator is internally integrated, thereby allowing for relatively uniform adjustment of the negative pressure inside the lower compartment.

[0021] In some specific embodiments, the pressure regulator is a rotating comb blade, and includes a shaft extending along the length of the lower air duct and blades mounted on the shaft, wherein a periodically changing negative pressure difference is formed based on the periodic change in the rotational speed of the comb blade. In short, comb blades are respectively provided in the corresponding lower air ducts and rotate in the same direction. Simultaneously, the pressure change is formed according to the rotational speed change of the two comb blades, and then, in the periodic change, the fibers between the lower filter screens oscillate back and forth and fall.

[0022] Preferably, the blades are strip-shaped and evenly distributed around the axis of rotation. This provides a relatively stable flow transmission capacity.

[0023] Preferably, the downward air duct is located in the middle of the lower compartment, and the width of the downward air duct is less than the thickness of the lower compartment. Generally, the width of the downward air duct is about 1 / 2 the thickness of the lower compartment, so that the air duct can make the negative pressure in the corresponding lower compartment even.

[0024] Preferably, the comb blades are located inside the lower air duct and spaced apart from the inner wall of the lower air duct. This prevents the comb blades from causing airflow blockage.

[0025] Furthermore, the negative pressure pipeline includes a first branch and a second branch connected to the lower extension duct, a third branch and a fourth branch connecting the aligned ends of the first and second branches, a fifth branch connecting the ends of the third and fourth branches on the same side, and a tee pipe arranged on the fifth branch. The unconnected end of the tee pipe is the connection end of the negative pressure source, and the other ends of the third and fourth branches are closed. Based on the relatively parallel branches and the convergence of the relatively series connections and pipes, the two lower chambers of the same negative pressure source can simultaneously implement negative pressure, eliminating the mesh hanging defects caused by excessive instantaneous adsorption force.

[0026] Furthermore, the third and fourth branches are equipped with self-rotating spiral guide vanes, and the spirals create the same flow direction, guiding the airflow towards the fifth branch. This spiral flow increases gas flowability, quickly extracting gas and dust, reducing dust residue in the upper and lower chambers, and decreasing the probability of cyclical pollution from dust removal to dust re-entrainment.

[0027] According to another specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the invention, the pressure regulator is a first flow valve and a second flow valve distributed on the negative pressure pipeline and capable of controlling the flow rate of negative pressure gas in the two lower chambers respectively, wherein a periodically changing negative pressure difference is formed based on the periodic changes in the flow rates of the first flow valve and the second flow valve. In short, by changing the airflow rate inside the lower chamber, the pressure change inside the two lower chambers is changed, thereby achieving the swaying and falling of the fibers.

[0028] Preferably, the negative pressure pipeline includes a first branch and a second branch extending along the length of the lower chamber, a third branch and a fourth branch connecting the aligned ends of the first branch and the second branch, a fifth branch connecting the ends of the third branch and the fourth branch on the same side, a tee pipe arranged on the fifth branch, and a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe connecting the first branch and the second branch to the lower chamber, wherein the unconnected end of the tee pipe is the connection end of the negative pressure source, the other ends of the third branch and the fourth branch are closed, and the first flow valve and the second flow valve are respectively arranged on the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe; based on the relatively parallel branches and the convergence of the relatively series and connecting pipes, the two lower chambers of the same negative pressure source are simultaneously subjected to negative pressure, eliminating the mesh hanging defects caused by excessive instantaneous adsorption force.

[0029] Furthermore, the first and second connecting pipes are respectively connected to the center of the bottom of the lower compartment and extend vertically, meaning that the positional layout allows for balanced negative pressure within the corresponding lower compartment. Alternatively, there can be multiple first and second connecting pipes, evenly spaced, with flow valves installed on any one or more of them to achieve pressure regulation.

[0030] Furthermore, the third and fourth branches are equipped with self-rotating spiral guide vanes, and the spirals create the same flow direction, guiding the airflow towards the fifth branch. This spiral flow increases gas flowability, quickly extracting gas and dust, reducing dust residue in the upper and lower chambers, and decreasing the probability of cyclical pollution from dust removal to dust re-entrainment.

[0031] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0032] In existing negative pressure dust collection systems using pneumatic cotton boxes, the small particle size and large quantity of dust (such as cotton dust, short fibers, and impurity particles) in the feeding section lead to the formation of a dense dust layer on the filter screen surface after long-term operation. This results in a decrease in filter screen porosity and an increase in air permeability resistance, which not only weakens the negative pressure dust collection efficiency (manifested as a decrease in airflow at the dust collector and an increase in dust escape), but also requires frequent shutdowns for filter screen cleaning (such as manual tapping or high-pressure air backflushing), and may even necessitate replacement of filter media, severely impacting the continuous operation efficiency of the production line. Simultaneously, turbulence or segregation phenomena are easily generated during fiber flow within the cotton inlet channel (such as fiber clump accumulation leading to a reduction in channel cross-section), potentially disrupting the uniformity of the negative pressure airflow: on the one hand, areas with dense fiber flow may experience insufficient negative pressure due to obstruction, preventing dust from being effectively collected. On the one hand, dust is effectively adsorbed; on the other hand, dead corners or areas with excessively high flow rates may cause the dust already attached to the filter to be re-raised by the airflow, resulting in a "dust removal-dust raising" cycle of pollution, directly affecting dust removal efficiency and quality; in addition, the negative pressure adsorption area formed is only located in the feeding section, and the fibers (especially short fibers or lightweight fibers) have a small self-weight. If the negative pressure adsorption force is not properly controlled (such as excessively high local negative pressure), they may be adsorbed by the filter along with the dust, resulting in the mis-capture of effective fibers and reducing the yield of yarn raw materials; at the same time, fine dust particles that have not been completely separated may still be mixed in the fibers, affecting the quality stability of subsequent carding, spinning and other processes. Then, for pneumatic cotton conveying, the fibers move forward under the drive of the airflow, because Therefore, fiber clumping or knotting easily occurs. During dust removal, this clumping or knotting not only affects dust removal but also the quality of carding and web forming. This invention cleverly solves these shortcomings by comprehensively designing the negative pressure dust removal system of the pneumatic cotton box. With this negative pressure dust removal system, the cotton entering the feeding section is relatively suspended at the top of the cotton inlet channel. Then, negative pressure is simultaneously formed by the upper and lower chambers. This is based on the relative staggered filtration of different sections of the upper and lower filter layers. Simultaneously, the negative pressure difference within the two lower chambers changes periodically with a sine or cosine, causing the cotton in the lower filter section to oscillate back and forth between the lower filter layers on both sides and fall due to its own weight and downward pull. To achieve dust removal, this invention employs a two-tiered, staggered suction and filtration system. This system not only covers the entire feeding section and the top of the cotton inlet channel with the suction and filtration area, but also pulls the fibers downwards due to changes in the suction and filtration angle. This significantly reduces the filter screen's clogging rate, resulting in excellent air permeability, low resistance, and reduced cleaning and replacement frequency, ensuring continuous and efficient production line operation. Furthermore, the periodic change in negative pressure difference between the two lower chambers causes the fibers in the lower filter section to oscillate back and forth between the lower filter screens on both sides and fall due to their own weight and downward pull. This not only prevents fiber tangling that could affect subsequent carding and forming, but also reduces secondary dust generation and false dust collection caused by improper negative pressure adsorption control, thereby improving dust removal efficiency and raw material yield. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure dust removal system of the pneumatic cotton box in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural decomposition diagram;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Front view diagram;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the sectional view along the central AA direction;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a medium-negative pressure pipeline;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A top-down view;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the BB section;

[0040] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point I;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a top view schematic diagram of the negative pressure pipeline of the negative pressure dust removal system of the pneumatic cotton box in Example 2;

[0042] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the CC section;

[0043] Among them: 1. Negative pressure chamber; 10. Upper chamber body; 100. Chamber body; 101. Diversion chamber body; b1. Diversion chamber plate; b2. Sealing plate; 11. Lower chamber body; 110. Lower extension air duct;

[0044] 2. Negative pressure assembly; 20. Negative pressure pipeline; 201. First branch; 202. Second branch; 203. Third branch; 204. Fourth branch; 205. Fifth branch; 206. T-junction; 207. First connecting pipe; 208. Second connecting pipe; 21. Pressure regulator; 210. Shaft; 211. Blade; f1. First flow valve; f2. Second flow valve; 22. Spiral guide vane;

[0045] M, cotton inlet channel; T, feed section; T1, upper filter section; T2, lower filter section; s, viewing window slot; s1, viewing window assembly; w, filter screen; w1, upper filter screen; w2, lower filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0047] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0049] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" a second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of a second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" a second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element present. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "above," "below," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible embodiments. Example 1

[0051] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the negative pressure dust removal system of the pneumatic cotton box in this embodiment includes a negative pressure chamber 1 and a negative pressure component 2 surrounding the feeding section of the cotton inlet channel M. A filter screen w is formed on the side wall of the cotton inlet channel M corresponding to the negative pressure chamber 1, and the negative pressure chamber 1 is connected to the cotton inlet channel through the filter screen w.

[0052] Specifically, the cross-section (horizontal section) of the cotton inlet channel M is square, and the feed section T is divided into an upper filter section T1 and a lower filter section T2 from top to bottom.

[0053] The negative pressure chamber 1 includes an upper chamber body 10 located on opposite sides of the upper filter section T1 and a lower chamber body 11 located on opposite sides of the lower filter section T2. ​​The upper chamber body 10 and the lower chamber body 11 are staggered vertically and interconnected. That is, the upper chamber body 10 is located on the front and rear sides of the cotton inlet channel M, and the lower chamber body 11 is located on the left and right sides of the cotton inlet channel M (that is, the upper chamber body 10 and the lower chamber body 11 are distributed on opposite sides of the cotton inlet channel M with a 90° vertical offset). The outer side of the upper chamber body 10 is aligned with the end of the lower chamber body 11.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, the upper chamber 10 includes a main chamber 100 and a diversion chamber 101 that communicates with the bottom of the main chamber 100 and extends to both sides, wherein the diversion chamber 101 communicates from the top and is respectively connected to two lower chambers 11. Based on the relative diversion of the gas drawn into the main chamber 100 to the two lower chambers 11, not only is the negative pressure change of the two lower chambers 11 reduced, thus reducing the impact on the pressure change of the upper chamber 10, but the diversion also facilitates airflow, avoids backflow or turbulence, and improves the quality of negative pressure adsorption dust removal.

[0055] Furthermore, a diversion chamber plate b1 that gradually opens downwards from the top is provided at the bottom of the chamber body 100, and the diversion chamber plate b1 and the side wall of the cotton inlet channel M are closed by the sealing chamber plate b2 to form two diversion chamber bodies 101 that are connected from the top. Based on the "Λ" shape, not only is the desired diversion achieved, but the overall aesthetic appeal is also enhanced. In this example, the diversion chamber plate b1 is right-angled (of course, it can also be in other acute angle states; here, based on the change of angle, not only is the size of the cavity changed, but the pressure change inside the lower chamber is further reduced, thus affecting the pressure change inside the upper chamber. In other words, in this example, during the synchronous suction and filtration process, the lower layer suction and filtration will not cause pressure interference or changes in the upper layer suction and filtration. That is, the upper layer performs dust suction and filtration under a relatively balanced suction and filtration action, while the lower layer increases the fiber swaying amplitude through periodic pressure difference changes, and also pulls down the fibers of the upper layer in cooperation. Therefore, even short fibers will not be adsorbed onto the filter screen or filter cavity, avoiding secondary dust and false capture rate, and significantly improving dust removal efficiency and raw material yield). Meanwhile, the right angle of the diversion plate will not cause the diversion chamber to be too small, thus affecting the smooth diversion. In addition, the two diversion cavities formed by the diversion chamber 101 are symmetrically arranged. Based on symmetry, the diversion is uniform, which greatly reduces the probability of uneven negative pressure in the upper chamber.

[0056] In this example, a viewing window slot s is formed between the diversion chamber 101 and the two lower chambers 11, and a viewing window assembly s1 is provided on the outer wall of the cotton inlet channel M in the viewing window slot s. The cotton drop condition inside the cotton inlet channel M can be observed based on the viewing window assembly s1. Specifically, the viewing window assembly s1 can be made by sealing the window with a conventional transparent module, which can be glass or resin.

[0057] The filter screens w are arranged on the side walls of the cotton inlet channel M of the upper chamber 10 and the lower chamber 11, and are staggered vertically. That is, the upper filter screen w1 is located on the front and rear sides, and the lower filter screen w2 is located on the left and right sides. In this example, the filter screens formed by the upper and lower filter screens have the same pore size. Of course, they can also be different sizes. Since the suspension is far away and the lighter material is on top, the pore size of the upper filter screen can be smaller than that of the lower filter screen.

[0058] In some specific embodiments, the negative pressure assembly 2 includes a negative pressure pipeline 20 connected to two lower chambers 11, a pressure regulator 21 disposed in the lower chambers 11 and adjusting the negative pressure changes formed by the two lower chambers 11 to form a negative pressure difference, a negative pressure source, and a self-rotating spiral guide vane 22. The negative pressure difference inside the two lower chambers 11 formed by the pressure regulator 21 changes periodically with a sine or cosine, so that the cotton material in the lower filter section T2 swings back and forth between the lower filter screens on both sides and falls due to its own weight and downward pull.

[0059] Specifically, the pressure regulator 21 is used to channel the gas in the lower chamber 11 into the negative pressure pipeline 2, wherein the periodic change in the transmission capacity of the pressure regulator 21 creates a periodically changing negative pressure difference. In short, by changing the transmission capacity, the pressure change inside the two lower chambers is altered to achieve the swaying and falling of the fibers.

[0060] In this example, a downward-extending air duct 110 extending along its length is formed at the bottom of the lower chamber 11. The downward-extending air duct 110 is connected to the negative pressure pipeline 20, and a pressure regulator 21 is correspondingly installed inside the downward-extending air duct 110. Based on the design of the elongated air duct, the pressure regulator is built-in, thereby regulating the negative pressure inside the lower chamber relatively evenly. In some specific embodiments, the pressure regulator 21 is a rotating comb blade, and includes a rotating shaft 210 extending along the length of the downward-extending air duct 110 and blades 211 mounted on the rotating shaft 210. The periodic change in the rotation speed of the comb blades creates a periodically changing negative pressure difference. In short, comb blades are respectively provided in the corresponding downward-extending air ducts and rotate in the same direction. At the same time, the pressure changes according to the rotation speed changes of the two comb blades, and then the fibers between the lower filter screens oscillate back and forth and fall in the periodic changes. Specifically, the blades 211 are strip-shaped and evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of rotation, providing relatively stable airflow transmission capacity. The lower extension duct 110 is located in the middle of the lower chamber 11, and the width of the lower extension duct 110 is less than the thickness of the lower chamber 11. Generally, the width of the extension duct is about half the thickness of the lower chamber, ensuring balanced negative pressure within the corresponding lower chamber. The combing blades are located inside the lower extension duct 110 and are spaced apart from the inner wall of the lower extension duct 110 to prevent airflow blockage.

[0061] The negative pressure pipeline 20 includes a first branch 201 and a second branch 202 connected to the lower extension duct 110, a third branch 203 and a fourth branch 204 connecting the aligned ends of the first branch 201 and the second branch 202, a fifth branch 205 connecting the ends of the third branch 203 and the fourth branch 204 on the same side, and a tee pipe 206 arranged on the fifth branch 205, wherein the unconnected end of the tee pipe 206 is the connection end of the negative pressure source, and the other end of the third branch 203 and the fourth branch 204 is closed. Based on the relatively parallel branches and the convergence of the relatively series connection and the connecting pipe, the two lower chambers of the same negative pressure source are simultaneously subjected to negative pressure, eliminating the screen hanging defects caused by excessive instantaneous adsorption force. At the same time, the third branch 203 and the fourth branch 204 are also provided with self-rotating spiral guide vanes 22, and the guiding direction formed by the spiral is the same, both guiding the airflow towards the fifth branch 205. By using a spiral flow guide, the flow of gas is increased, thereby quickly extracting gas and dust, reducing the dust residue rate in the upper and lower chambers, and also reducing the probability of "dust removal-dust emission" cycle pollution. Example 2

[0062] Combination Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure cotton box in this embodiment has a structure that is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that the negative pressure pipeline 20 and pressure regulator 21 of the negative pressure component 2 are different.

[0063] Specifically, the pressure regulator 21 consists of a first flow valve f1 and a second flow valve f2 distributed on the negative pressure pipeline 20, capable of controlling the flow rate of negative pressure gas in the two lower chambers 11 respectively. The periodic changes in the flow rates of the first flow valve f1 and the second flow valve f2 create a periodically changing negative pressure difference. In short, by changing the airflow rate inside the lower chamber 11, the pressure change inside the two lower chambers 11 is altered, thereby achieving the swaying and falling of the fibers.

[0064] The negative pressure pipeline 20 includes a first branch 201 and a second branch 202 extending along the length of the lower chamber, a third branch 203 and a fourth branch 204 connecting the aligned ends of the first branch 201 and the second branch 202, a fifth branch 205 connecting the ends of the third branch 203 and the fourth branch 204 on the same side, a tee pipe 206 arranged on the fifth branch 205, and a first connecting pipe 207 and a second connecting pipe 208 connecting the first branch 201 and the second branch 202 to the lower chamber. The unconnected end of the tee pipe 206 is the connection end of the negative pressure source. The other ends of the third branch 203 and the fourth branch 204 are closed. The first flow valve f1 and the second flow valve f2 are respectively arranged on the first connecting pipe 207 and the second connecting pipe 208. Based on the relatively parallel branches and the convergence of the relatively series and connecting pipes, the two lower chambers of the same negative pressure source are simultaneously subjected to negative pressure, eliminating the mesh hanging defects caused by excessive instantaneous adsorption force.

[0065] In some specific embodiments, the first connecting pipe 207 and the second connecting pipe 208 are respectively connected to the center of the bottom of the lower chamber 11 and extend vertically. That is, the positional layout can make the negative pressure in the corresponding lower chamber even. Alternatively, there are multiple first connecting pipes 207 and second connecting pipes 208, which are distributed at equal intervals. A flow valve can be placed on any one or more connecting pipes to implement pressure regulation. The third branch 203 and the fourth branch 204 are also equipped with self-rotating spiral guide vanes 22, and the guiding direction formed by the spiral is the same, both guiding the airflow to the fifth branch 205. By guiding the airflow through the spiral, the flowability of the gas is increased, thereby quickly extracting the gas and dust, reducing the dust residue rate in the upper and lower chambers, and also reducing the probability of "dust removal-dust re-entrainment" cycle pollution.

[0066] In summary, by employing this negative pressure dust removal system, the cotton entering the feeding section is relatively suspended at the top of the cotton inlet channel. Then, negative pressure is simultaneously created by the upper and lower chambers. This is achieved through the relatively staggered suction and filtration of different sections of the upper and lower filter layers. Simultaneously, the negative pressure difference within the two lower chambers changes periodically with a sine or cosine pattern, causing the cotton in the lower filter section to oscillate back and forth between the lower filter layers on both sides and fall due to its own weight and downward pull, thus completing dust removal. Therefore, this invention, based on the staggered suction and filtration cooperation of the upper and lower sections, not only covers the entire feeding section and the top of the cotton inlet channel with the suction area, but also pulls the fibers downward due to the change in the suction angle, significantly reducing the filter screen's screen adhesion rate. This results in excellent filter screen permeability, low resistance, and reduced cleaning and replacement frequency, ensuring production efficiency. The system operates continuously and efficiently. On the other hand, based on the periodic changes in the negative pressure difference between the two lower chambers, the fibers in the lower filter section oscillate back and forth between the lower filter screens on both sides and fall due to their own weight and downward pull. This not only prevents fiber tangling and knotting that would affect subsequent carding, but also reduces secondary dust generation and false capture rates caused by improper negative pressure adsorption control, thereby improving dust removal efficiency and raw material yield. Thirdly, the gas from the intake chamber is relatively diverted to the two lower chambers, reducing the impact of negative pressure changes in the two lower chambers on the pressure changes in the upper chamber. Furthermore, the diversion is more conducive to airflow, avoiding backflow or turbulence, improving the quality of negative pressure adsorption dust removal. Simultaneously, the "Λ" shaped combination forms a window, not only creating the desired diversion but also increasing the overall design... Aesthetically pleasing; Fourthly, the diversion chamber plate is right-angled, though other acute angles are also possible. This angle change not only alters the size of the chamber but also further reduces the impact of pressure changes in the lower chamber on the upper chamber. In other words, during synchronous filtration, the lower filtration layer does not cause pressure interference or changes in the upper filtration layer. The upper layer filters dust under relatively balanced filtration, while the lower layer increases fiber swaying amplitude during periodic pressure differential changes, simultaneously pulling down the fibers in the upper layer. Therefore, even short fibers will not be adsorbed onto the filter screen or filter cavity, avoiding secondary dust generation and false capture rates, and significantly improving dust removal efficiency and raw material yield. Furthermore, the two diversion chambers formed by the diversion chamber plate are connected from the top, ensuring smooth flow. Under the premise of affecting the negative pressure change inside the chamber, the pressure difference balance can be quickly adjusted based on the top-through diversion cavity, making the sinusoidal or cosine periodic change of the negative pressure difference simpler and easier to achieve; at the same time, this auxiliary is not necessary, and it can also be achieved simply by changing the pressure inside the lower chamber; the fifth aspect is based on the periodic change of the transmission capacity of the pressure regulator to form a periodic negative pressure difference. In short, by changing the transmission capacity, the pressure change inside the two lower chambers is changed to achieve the fiber swinging and falling; or based on the periodic change of the flow rate of the first flow valve and the second flow valve to form a periodic negative pressure difference. In short, by changing the airflow rate inside the lower chamber, the pressure change inside the two lower chambers is changed to achieve the fiber swinging and falling.The sixth aspect involves using relatively parallel branches and, through the convergence of relatively series connections and pipes, achieving simultaneous negative pressure application in the two lower chambers from the same negative pressure source, eliminating screen-hanging defects caused by excessive instantaneous adsorption force; simultaneously, by using a spiral flow guide, the gas flowability is increased, thereby quickly extracting gas and dust, reducing the dust residue rate in the upper and lower chambers, and also reducing the probability of "dust removal-dust emission" cycle pollution.

[0067] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative pressure dust removal system of an air pressure cotton box, comprising a negative pressure bin and a negative pressure assembly, wherein a filter screen is formed on the side wall of the inlet cotton channel corresponding to the negative pressure bin, and the negative pressure bin is communicated with the inlet cotton channel through the filter screen, characterized in that: the negative pressure bin is arranged around the outer periphery of the feeding section of the inlet cotton channel. The feeding section is divided into an upper filtering section and a lower filtering section from top to bottom; the negative pressure bin includes an upper bin body located on opposite sides of the cotton inlet channel of the upper filtering section, a lower bin body located on opposite sides of the cotton inlet channel of the lower filtering section, wherein the upper bin body and the lower bin body are in communication with each other, and the upper bin body and the lower bin body are distributed in a 90° staggered manner from top to bottom, the filter screen is correspondingly arranged on the side wall of the corresponding cotton inlet channel of the upper bin body and the lower bin body, and the filter screen includes an upper layer filter screen and a lower layer filter screen which are arranged in a staggered manner from top to bottom; the negative pressure assembly includes a negative pressure pipeline in communication with the two lower bin bodies, a pressure regulator arranged in the negative pressure pipeline or in the lower bin body and adjusting the negative pressure formed by the two lower bin bodies to form a negative pressure difference, and a negative pressure source, wherein the internal negative pressure difference of the two lower bin bodies formed by the pressure regulator changes periodically in a sine or cosine manner, so that the cotton material in the lower filtering section reciprocates between the lower layer filter screens on both sides and falls based on the weight and the downward pull.

2. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure bolling box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper bin body includes a bin body and a shunt bin body in communication with the bottom of the bin body and extending to both sides, wherein the shunt bin body is in communication with the two lower bin bodies respectively.

3. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure bale box according to claim 2, characterized in that: A shunt bin plate is arranged at the bottom of the bin body and gradually opens downward, and the shunt bin plate and the side wall of the cotton inlet channel are closed by a sealing plate to form a shunt bin body in communication from top to bottom.

4. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure cotton box according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two shunt cavities formed by the shunt bin body are symmetrically arranged; the shunt bin plate is in a right angle or acute angle shape; and the two shunt cavities formed by the shunt bin plate are in communication from top to bottom.

5. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure cotton box according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross section of the cotton inlet channel is square.

6. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure bolling box according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the upper bin body is flush with the end of the two lower bin bodies below.

7. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure bolling box according to claim 4, characterized in that: A window groove is formed between the shunt bin body and the two lower bin bodies, wherein a window assembly is arranged on the outer side wall of the cotton inlet channel of the window groove.

8. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure bolling box according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The pressure regulator is used to transfer the gas in the lower bin body to the negative pressure pipeline, wherein the transmission capacity of the pressure regulator changes periodically to form a periodically changing negative pressure difference.

9. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure bale box according to claim 8, characterized in that: A lower extension air duct is formed at the bottom of the lower bin body and extends along the length direction of the lower bin body, wherein the lower extension air duct is in communication with the negative pressure pipeline, and the pressure regulator is correspondingly arranged in the lower extension air duct.

10. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure cotton box according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pressure regulator is a rotating comb flow paddle, and the pressure regulator includes a rotating shaft extending along the length direction of the lower extension air duct and a blade arranged on the rotating shaft, wherein the rotating speed of the comb flow paddle changes periodically to form a periodically changing negative pressure difference.

11. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure bale box according to claim 10, characterized in that: The blade is in a strip shape and is uniformly distributed circumferentially around the rotating shaft.

12. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure cotton box according to claim 10, characterized in that: The lower extension air duct is located in the middle of the lower bin body, and the width of the lower extension air duct is smaller than the thickness of the lower bin body.

13. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure cotton box according to claim 10, characterized in that: The comb flow paddle is located inside the lower extension air duct and is arranged separately from the inner wall of the lower extension air duct.

14. The negative pressure dust removal system of the air pressure bolling box according to claim 9, characterized in that: The negative pressure pipeline includes a first branch and a second branch in communication with the lower extension air duct respectively, a third branch and a fourth branch in communication with the aligned ends of the first branch and the second branch respectively, a fifth branch in communication with the same side ends of the third branch and the fourth branch, and a tee joint arranged on the fifth branch, wherein the unconnected end of the tee joint is the connection end of the negative pressure source, and the other end of the third branch and the fourth branch is closed.

15. The negative pressure cleaning system of the air press cotton box according to claim 14, characterized in that: A rotating spiral guide vane is further arranged in the third branch and the fourth branch, and the guide directions of the spirals are the same and guide the airflow to the fifth branch.

16. The negative pressure dust extraction system of a pneumatic bale opener according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The pressure regulator is a first flow valve and a second flow valve distributed on the negative pressure pipeline and capable of respectively controlling the negative pressure gas flow in the two lower bin bodies, wherein the periodic change of the negative pressure difference is formed based on the periodic change of the flow of the first flow valve and the second flow valve.

17. The negative pressure cleaning system of the air press cotton box according to claim 16, characterized in that: The negative pressure pipeline comprises a first branch and a second branch respectively extending along the length direction of the lower bin body, a third branch and a fourth branch respectively connecting the aligned end portions of the first branch and the second branch, a fifth branch for connecting the same side end portions of the third branch and the fourth branch, a tee joint arranged on the fifth branch, a first communication pipe and a second communication pipe respectively connecting the first branch and the second branch with the lower bin body, wherein the unconnected end portion of the tee joint is the connection end of the negative pressure source, the other end of the third branch and the fourth branch is closed, and the first flow valve and the second flow valve are correspondingly arranged on the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe.

18. The negative pressure cleaning system of the air press cotton box according to claim 17, characterized in that: Self-rotating spiral guide vanes are further arranged in the third branch and the fourth branch, and the guide directions formed by the spirals are the same and both guide the airflow to the fifth branch.

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