Multi-dimensional energy consumption self-resetting shock insulation support

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building and equipment shock insulation and shock absorption, and discloses a multi-dimensional energy consumption self-resetting shock insulation support which comprises a torsion unit, a shearing unit and a rolling unit which are sequentially arranged in a stacked mode from top to bottom. The torsion unit comprises a middle plate, a sleeve, a plurality of balls, a rubber column and a top plate; the shearing unit is in a cross shape and is formed by alternately vulcanizing rubber layers and steel plate layers, the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the shearing unit are the rubber layers, and the rubber layer on the uppermost layer and the lower surface of the middle plate are vulcanized together; the rolling unit comprises a bottom plate, a plurality of balls, a baffle and a flow guide plate. By arranging the torsion unit, the shearing unit and the rolling unit, the vibration isolation effect is achieved at the same time, the vibration isolation mechanism is clear, and the vertical vibration, the two horizontal vibration and the torsion vibration of the structure can be controlled; after the earthquake is finished, the translation and torsional vibration displacement of the upper structure can return to the initial position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seismic isolation and vibration reduction technology for buildings and equipment, and relates to a multi-dimensional energy-dissipating self-resetting seismic isolation bearing. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic isolation bearings effectively separate buildings or equipment from the foundation, and they extend the natural period of the building structure, distancing it from the characteristic period of seismic waves, thereby mitigating the impact and damage of earthquakes on buildings or equipment. Seismic isolation bearings can be used for vibration reduction in buildings, bridges, railways, and equipment. Because seismic isolation bearings offer simple and straightforward vibration reduction measures, reasonable economic indicators, and convenient post-earthquake repair, they provide significant social and economic benefits.

[0003] Currently, the most widely used type of seismic isolation bearing is the laminated rubber bearing, which includes natural rubber bearings, lead-core rubber bearings, and high-damping rubber bearings. However, existing laminated rubber seismic isolation bearings only provide damping for translational motion and have poor self-centering capabilities. In contrast, actual seismic action is highly complex, with structural responses including horizontal and vertical translational motion as well as torsional vibrations. Therefore, it is essential to design a seismic isolation bearing that provides both translational and torsional damping, allows for significant deformation under seismic action, and possesses self-centering capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the technical problem that existing seismic isolation bearings cannot achieve multi-dimensional energy dissipation and self-resetting, and provides a multi-dimensional energy dissipation and self-resetting seismic isolation bearing. By setting torsion units, shear units and rolling units, it simultaneously has the effect of seismic isolation, with a clear seismic isolation mechanism, and can control the vertical, two horizontal and torsional vibrations of the structure. After the earthquake, the translational and torsional vibration displacements of the superstructure can return to the initial position.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a multidimensional self-resetting seismic isolation bearing, comprising torsion units, shear units, and rolling units stacked sequentially from top to bottom; The torsion unit includes a middle plate, a sleeve, multiple balls, rubber pillars, and a top plate. The upper surface of the middle plate is recessed from the periphery to the center. The sleeve is fixed to the upper surface of the middle plate. The balls are placed in the area enclosed by the sleeve. The rubber pillars are fixed to the lower surface of the top plate and are placed inside the sleeve and in contact with the balls. The shearing unit is cross-shaped and is made of alternating layers of rubber and steel plates. The top and bottom layers of the shearing unit are both rubber layers, and the top rubber layer is vulcanized together with the lower surface of the middle plate. The rolling unit includes a base plate, multiple balls, baffles, and guide plates. The upper surface of the base plate is concave from the periphery to the center. There are four baffles, each baffle is U-shaped and symmetrically fixed around the upper surface of the base plate. The guide plates are fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the base plate and form a cross-shaped space. The diameter of the balls is larger than the height of the guide plates. Multiple balls are placed in the cross-shaped space formed by the guide plates. The cross-shaped shearing unit is placed on the concave notch of the baffle and contacts the balls.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the upper surface of the middle plate of the area enclosed by the sleeve is also vulcanized with a rubber layer, so that the upper and lower parts of the ball can contact the rubber layer to generate rolling friction during the rolling process, thereby further improving the rolling friction energy dissipation effect.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the height of the rubber column is greater than the height of the sleeve. Thus, when a horizontal earthquake occurs, the rubber column that is higher than the sleeve undergoes a large-amplitude shear deformation under the obstruction of the sleeve, further improving the energy dissipation effect; or when a complex torsional earthquake occurs, the rubber column that is higher than the sleeve undergoes a large-amplitude torsional deformation under the obstruction of the sleeve, further improving the energy dissipation effect.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the lower surface of the rubber column protrudes from the periphery towards the center. Since the upper surface of the middle plate is concave from the periphery towards the center, the multiple balls located on the middle plate naturally move towards the center of the middle plate. The shape of the lower surface of the rubber column matches the shape of the ball aggregation, which can increase the contact area between the rubber column and the balls and further improve the rolling friction energy dissipation effect.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the upper surface of the bottom plate of the area enclosed by the baffle is also vulcanized with a rubber layer, so that the upper and lower parts of the ball can contact the rubber layer to generate rolling friction during the rolling process, thereby further improving the rolling friction energy dissipation effect.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the width of the concave notch of the baffle is greater than the width of the cross-shaped side of the shearing unit. Since the shearing unit can roll horizontally on the balls of the rolling unit, and the shearing unit is placed on the concave notch of the baffle, the width of the concave notch determines the magnitude of the horizontal displacement of the shearing unit.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the height of the concave notch of the baffle is less than the height of the cross-shaped side of the shearing unit. In this way, when the vibration is large and the horizontal displacement of the shearing unit is large, the shearing unit protruding from the baffle will undergo shearing deformation under the obstruction of the baffle, thereby increasing the energy consumption effect.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the thickness of the bottom rubber layer in the shearing unit is greater than that of the other rubber layers. This way, when vertical vibration occurs, the rubber layer of the shearing unit can withstand greater vertical compression deformation and then transmit the vibration energy downward to the ball bearings.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention has a reasonable structural design. The shear unit can generate horizontal rolling displacement on the balls of the rolling unit, and the rubber columns of the shear unit and the torsion unit also have a certain horizontal shear deformation, thereby reducing the horizontal relative displacement of the superstructure under seismic action. In addition, the rubber columns of the shear unit and the torsion unit can generate vertical deformation, and the torsion unit generates torsional deformation, so that the seismic isolation bearing can play a good protective role for the superstructure when an earthquake occurs, and meet the vibration reduction requirements of multidimensional seismic motion.

[0014] The base plate of this invention has a rubber layer vulcanized on its upper surface. Ball bearings are placed on the rubber layer, and the ball bearings are in contact with the thick rubber layer and are subjected to vertical pressure. When the ball bearings roll, they experience rolling friction with both the lower and upper rubber layers, thereby dissipating seismic energy. Similarly, the rubber column undergoes torsion on the ball bearings, and the friction between the rubber column and the inner wall of the sleeve, as well as the shear deformation of the shear unit, all dissipate seismic energy, thereby achieving a vibration reduction effect.

[0015] In this invention, the upper surface of the base plate and the upper surface of the middle plate are both concave from the periphery to the center. Under normal circumstances, the balls naturally move closer to the center. When rolling friction occurs, the balls spread outwards. When the earthquake ends and there is no rolling friction, the balls move closer to the center again, thus achieving a self-resetting function. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the seismic isolation bearing of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the seismic isolation bearing of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the torsional unit in the seismic isolation bearing of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rolling unit in the seismic isolation bearing of the present invention.

[0020] In the attached diagram, the numbers are as follows: 1 is the base plate, 2 is the baffle, 3 is the rubber layer, 4 is the steel plate layer, 5 is the middle plate, 6 is the sleeve, 7 is the rubber column, 8 is the top plate, 9 is the guide plate, and 10 is the ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise specified, the test methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods.

[0022] Example 1 like Figures 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a multidimensional energy-dissipating self-resetting seismic isolation bearing, comprising torsion units, shear units, and rolling units stacked sequentially from top to bottom.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, the torsion unit includes a middle plate 5, a sleeve 6, multiple balls 10, rubber columns 7, and a top plate 8. The upper surface of the middle plate 5 is concave from the periphery to the center. The sleeve 6 is fixed to the upper surface of the middle plate 5. The balls 10 are placed within the area enclosed by the sleeve 6. The rubber columns 7 are fixed to the lower surface of the top plate 8 and are placed inside the sleeve 6, contacting the balls 10. When a horizontal earthquake occurs, the rubber columns 7 undergo shear deformation to dissipate energy, and the lower surface of the rubber columns 7 also undergoes rolling friction with the balls 10 to dissipate energy. When a vertical earthquake occurs, the rubber columns 7 undergo vertical compression deformation to dissipate energy. When a torsional earthquake occurs, the rubber columns 7 undergo torsional deformation, and the lower surface of the rubber columns 7 again generates rolling friction with the balls 10. The side of the rubber columns 7 also generates friction with the sleeve 6, enabling multi-dimensional energy dissipation. Since the upper surface of the middle plate 5 is concave from the periphery to the center, the multiple balls 10 located on the middle plate 5 will naturally move towards the center of the middle plate 5 under normal circumstances. When rolling friction occurs, the balls 10 will spread outwards, and when there is no rolling friction, the balls 10 will move towards the center again, thus achieving self-resetting.

[0024] To further increase the energy dissipation effect of friction, a rubber layer 3 is also vulcanized on the upper surface of the middle plate 5 in the area enclosed by the sleeve 6. In this way, the upper and lower parts of the ball 10 can contact the rubber layer 3 to generate rolling friction during the rolling process, thereby further improving the energy dissipation effect of rolling friction.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the height of the rubber column 7 is greater than the height of the sleeve 6. In this way, when a horizontal earthquake occurs, the rubber column 7, which is higher than the sleeve 6, undergoes a large-amplitude shear deformation under the obstruction of the sleeve 6, further improving the energy dissipation effect; or when a complex torsional earthquake occurs, the rubber column 7, which is higher than the sleeve 6, undergoes a large-amplitude torsional deformation under the obstruction of the sleeve 6, further improving the energy dissipation effect.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the lower surface of the rubber column 7 protrudes from the periphery to the center, such that the protruding shape of the lower surface of the rubber column 7 matches the concave shape of the gathering surface of the ball 10, which can increase the contact area between the rubber column 7 and the ball 10 and further improve the rolling friction energy dissipation effect.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the shear unit is cross-shaped and is formed by alternating vulcanization of rubber layer 3 and steel plate layer 4. The uppermost and lowermost layers of the shear unit are both rubber layer 3, and the uppermost rubber layer 3 is vulcanized together with the lower surface of the middle plate 5. When a horizontal seismic action occurs, the horizontal stiffness of the shear unit is relatively small, and it can undergo horizontal shear deformation to dissipate energy; when a vertical seismic action occurs, the rubber layer 3 undergoes vertical compression deformation to dissipate energy.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, the rolling unit includes a base plate 1, multiple balls 10, baffles 2, and guide plates 9. The upper surface of the base plate 1 is concave from the periphery to the center. There are four baffles 2, each shaped like a concave U and symmetrically fixed around the upper surface of the base plate 1. The guide plates 9 are fixed in the center of the upper surface of the base plate 1, forming a cross-shaped space. The diameter of the balls 10 is larger than the height of the guide plates 9. The multiple balls 10 are placed within the cross-shaped space formed by the guide plates 9. The cross-shaped shearing unit is placed on the concave notch of the baffle 2 and contacts the balls 10. The cross-shaped space formed by the guide plates 9 also makes the arrangement of the multiple balls 10 cross-shaped, and the rolling path is also cross-shaped. When a horizontal earthquake occurs, the rubber layer 3 of the shearing unit generates rolling friction with the balls 10 to dissipate energy; when a torsional earthquake occurs, the rubber layer 3 of the shearing unit undergoes torsional deformation, and the rubber layer 3 of the shearing unit again generates rolling friction with the balls 10, thus achieving multi-dimensional energy dissipation. Since the upper surface of the base plate 1 is concave from the periphery to the center, the multiple balls 10 located on the base plate 1 will naturally move towards the center of the base plate 1 under normal circumstances. When rolling friction occurs, they will spread outwards, and when there is no rolling friction, they will move towards the center, thus achieving self-resetting.

[0029] In one possible implementation, a rubber layer 3 is also vulcanized on the upper surface of the base plate 1 of the area enclosed by the baffle 2, so that the upper and lower parts of the ball 10 can contact the rubber layer 3 to generate rolling friction during the rolling process, thereby further improving the energy dissipation effect of rolling friction.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the width of the concave notch in the baffle 2 is greater than the width of the cross-shaped edge of the shearing unit. Since the shearing unit can roll horizontally on the balls 10 of the rolling unit, and the shearing unit is placed on the concave notch in the baffle 2, the width of the concave notch determines the magnitude of the horizontal displacement of the shearing unit.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the height of the concave notch in baffle 2 is less than the height of the cross-shaped edge of the shearing unit. Thus, when significant vibration causes a large horizontal displacement of the shearing unit, the shearing unit protruding from baffle 2 will undergo shear deformation under the obstruction of baffle 2, increasing energy dissipation.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the thickness of the bottommost rubber layer 3 in the shear unit is greater than the thickness of the other rubber layers 3. This allows the rubber layer 3 of the shear unit to withstand greater vertical compression deformation during vertical vibration, and then transmit the vibrational energy downwards to the balls.

[0033] The seismic isolation bearing of the present invention is installed between the foundation and the superstructure. The top plate 8 and the bottom plate 1 of the seismic isolation bearing are both steel plates with high rigidity. The top plate 8 is bolted to the superstructure, and the bottom plate 1 is bolted to the foundation, which facilitates the installation and fixing of the entire seismic isolation bearing device.

[0034] When the seismic isolation bearing is subjected to horizontal vibration, the superstructure will move horizontally. Since the superstructure is bolted to the top plate 8 of the torsion unit, it will cause the torsion unit to move horizontally. Furthermore, since the middle plate 5 of the torsion unit is vulcanized together with the rubber layer 3 of the shear unit, it will cause the shear unit to move horizontally. Furthermore, since the shear unit is placed on the rolling unit, it can roll horizontally on the balls 10 of the rolling unit. When the cross part of the shear unit touches the edge of the notch of the baffle 2, the rolling displacement reaches its maximum. When the width of the notch of the baffle 2 differs significantly from the width of the cross of the shear unit, a larger horizontal displacement can occur. Furthermore, if the horizontal displacement of the superstructure is too large and the maximum rolling displacement is still insufficient, since the height of the rubber column 7 is higher than that of the sleeve 6 and the shear unit is higher than the rolling unit, the rubber column 7 and the shear unit can also undergo horizontal shear deformation, improving the energy dissipation effect.

[0035] When the seismic isolation bearing is subjected to vertical vibration, the rubber column 7 of the torsion unit and the rubber layer 3 of the shear unit can both undergo vertical compression deformation, thereby achieving the purpose of vertical vibration reduction. When the structure undergoes torsional deformation under complex seismic action, the rubber column 7 of the torsion unit undergoes torsional deformation. When the torsional deformation of the superstructure is large, the torsion unit can also drive the shear unit to undergo smaller torsional deformation.

[0036] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are only used to explain the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other implementation methods can be easily made by substitution or modification based on the technical content disclosed in this specification. Therefore, all changes and improvements made on the principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multidimensional energy-dissipating self-resetting seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that, It includes torsion units, shear units and rolling units arranged in layers from top to bottom; The torsion unit includes a middle plate (5), a sleeve (6), multiple balls (10), a rubber column (7), and a top plate (8). The upper surface of the middle plate (5) is recessed from the periphery to the center. The sleeve (6) is fixed on the upper surface of the middle plate (5). The balls (10) are placed in the area enclosed by the sleeve (6). The rubber column (7) is fixed on the lower surface of the top plate (8). The rubber column (7) is placed inside the sleeve (6) and contacts the balls (10). The shearing unit is cross-shaped and is formed by alternating vulcanization of rubber layer (3) and steel plate layer (4). The uppermost and lowermost layers of the shearing unit are both rubber layer (3), and the uppermost rubber layer (3) is vulcanized together with the lower surface of the middle plate (5). The rolling unit includes a base plate (1), multiple balls (10), baffles (2) and guide plates (9). The upper surface of the base plate (1) is concave from the periphery to the center. There are four baffles (2), each baffle (2) is U-shaped and symmetrically fixed around the upper surface of the base plate (1). The guide plates (9) are fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the base plate (1) and form a cross-shaped space. The diameter of the balls (10) is greater than the height of the guide plates (9). Multiple balls (10) are placed in the cross-shaped space formed by the guide plates (9). The cross-shaped shearing unit is placed on the concave notch of the baffle (2) and contacts the balls (10).

2. The multidimensional energy-dissipating self-resetting seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the middle plate (5) of the area enclosed by the sleeve (6) is also vulcanized with a layer of rubber (3).

3. The multidimensional energy-dissipating self-resetting seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the rubber column (7) is greater than the height of the sleeve (6).

4. The multidimensional energy-dissipating self-resetting seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the rubber column (7) protrudes from the periphery toward the center.

5. The multidimensional energy-dissipating self-resetting seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the bottom plate (1) of the area enclosed by the baffle (2) is also vulcanized with a layer of rubber (3).

6. The multidimensional energy-dissipating self-resetting seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the concave notch of the baffle (2) is greater than the width of the cross-shaped edge of the shearing unit.

7. The multidimensional energy-dissipating self-resetting seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the concave notch of the baffle (2) is less than the height of the cross-shaped edge of the shearing unit.

8. The multidimensional energy-dissipating self-resetting seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the lowest rubber layer (3) in the shear unit is greater than the thickness of the other rubber layers (3).

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