Method for releasing jam by increasing torque of drilling tool in drilling process of horizontal well

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for releasing jamming by increasing the torque of a drilling tool in the drilling process of a horizontal well, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, calculating the jamming position of the drilling tool according to parameters when the drilling tool is lifted, then calculating the overall torsion resistance data of the drilling tool according to the torsion resistance parameters of the drilling tool, and determining the maximum number of revolutions which can be borne by the drilling tool by combining the torsion resistance of the drilling tool; and finally, the top drive equipment and the torque increasing equipment are used for increasing the torque of the drill column to enable the drill column to reach or approach the maximum number of rotation turns, the rotating disc is stopped and locked, the torque is gradually downloaded to the sticking point, after a period of time, the rotating disc is opened to slowly release the torque, the number of rotation turns is recorded, the lower part jam releasing effect is estimated, and then the steps are repeated for many times until thorough jam releasing is achieved. In a word, the device has the advantages of being convenient to operate, low in economic cost, high in transmission efficiency, good in jam releasing effect, not prone to causing damage to a well hole and small in fatigue fracture risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of horizontal well drilling auxiliary equipment, specifically relating to a method for unsticking drill strings by increasing the torque of the drill string during horizontal well drilling. Background Technology

[0002] Horizontal well drilling is a drilling technology that uses directional control to keep the wellbore horizontal or near-horizontally extended in the target formation. It is widely used in oil and gas development, shale gas extraction, and coalbed methane development. During horizontal well drilling, especially in coal seams, the annulus is often squeezed due to the formation's tendency to collapse or the difficulty of cuttings returning, leading to drill string jamming. This situation, where the drill string is pulled up or down, is generally called a stuck drill string. Stuck drill string is a common high-risk accident that has a high probability of causing the drill string to become immobile, delaying the process, or even rendering the wellbore unusable. Currently, there are many methods for unscratching, but they generally suffer from high costs, poor unscratching results, and high risks.

[0003] The invention patent application number "CN202110395825.8" entitled "A Method and Combination for Shaking and Unsticking Operation in Horizontal Wells" mentions "a method and combination for shaking and unsticking operation in horizontal wells, in which the shaking and unsticking assembly connected to the lower end of the drill string is lowered into the well and the drill string is engaged; the drill string is continued to be lowered, and the shock absorber and open-type striker are pressed down until they are closed and reset; the drill string is lifted up, so that the open-type striker extends its stroke and the drill string generates an elastic elongation before the brake is applied, and the shock absorber is allowed to store energy; before the shock absorber strikes, the brake is released and the drill string is released. The multi-stage composite shock principle of the shock absorber and open-type striker is used to achieve shaking and unsticking, which increases the shock impact force and improves the shaking and unsticking efficiency, thereby achieving a more effective shaking and unsticking effect." Although it can effectively address the stuck well problem, it still has disadvantages such as low transmission efficiency, easy wellbore damage, high economic cost, and high risk of fatigue fracture.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to release stuck wires by increasing the torque of the drill string during horizontal well drilling, in order to solve the problems of high economic cost, low transmission efficiency, poor release effect, easy damage to the wellbore and high risk of fatigue fracture encountered during horizontal well drilling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for unsticking the drill string by increasing the torque during horizontal well drilling. This method is applied to the field of horizontal well drilling auxiliary equipment technology and solves the technical problems encountered in unsticking during horizontal well drilling, such as high economic cost, low transmission efficiency, poor unsticking effect, easy damage to the wellbore and high risk of fatigue fracture. It has high application and promotion value.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for releasing stuck drill strings by increasing drill string torque during horizontal well drilling includes: S1. Calculate the stuck drill position based on the parameters during drill string lifting; S2. Calculate the overall torsional resistance data of the drill string based on the torsional resistance parameters, and determine the maximum number of rotations the drill string can withstand based on the torsional resistance capacity of the drill string. S3. Use top drive equipment and torque-increasing equipment to increase the torque on the drill string so that it reaches or approaches the maximum number of rotations. S4. Stop the turntable and lock it for a period of time to allow the torque to be gradually transmitted to the jamming point. S5. Open the turntable and slowly release the torque, record the number of rotations, and estimate the lower card release effect; S6. Repeat this process multiple times until the card is completely unlocked. In step S3, the drill pipe is placed inside the drill tool. The outer ring of the drill pipe is provided with auxiliary ribs that are evenly distributed around the drill pipe. The torque amplification equipment includes a torque amplification component, which is also evenly distributed around the outer ring of the drill pipe. The torque amplification component fills the part between the drill pipe and the inner ring of the rotary table, as well as the part between the auxiliary ribs and the inner ring of the rotary table, and transmits torque to the drill pipe through the torque amplification component.

[0007] Furthermore, the calculation formula for step S1 is as follows:

[0008] In the formula, L is the length of the drill pipe above the jamming point, in meters (m); ∆L is the average elongation of the drill string during multiple lifts, in centimeters (cm); E is the elastic modulus of steel, E = 2.06 × 10⁵ MPa; F is the average static tensile force exceeding the original suspended weight of the drill string during continuous lifts, in kN; and Ap is the cross-sectional area of ​​the drill pipe, in centimeters (cm²). 2 .

[0009] Furthermore, the calculation methods for the maximum number of rotations are divided into methods that do not consider the axial tension of the drill pipe and methods that do consider the axial tension of the drill pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the maximum number of rotations without considering the axial tension of the drill pipe is:

[0011] In the formula, N is the allowable number of torsion turns, K is the torsion coefficient, H is the depth of the jamming point, σS is the yield strength of the drill pipe steel, G is the shear modulus of the steel, with a value of 7.854×104MPa; S is the safety factor, taken as 1.5; and dp is the outer diameter of the drill pipe, in cm.

[0012] Furthermore, considering the axial tension of the drill pipe, the formula for calculating the maximum number of rotations is as follows:

[0013] In the formula, N is the allowable number of torsional rotations of the drill pipe (in rotations), Qt is the allowable backlash torque of the drill pipe (N·m), J is the polar moment of inertia of the drill pipe (cm⁴), H is the depth of the jamming point (m), dp is the outer diameter of the drill pipe (cm), dpi is the inner diameter of the drill pipe (cm), σ is the minimum yield strength of the drill pipe (MPa), P is the buoyancy weight of the drill pipe (kN), Ap is the cross-sectional area of ​​the drill pipe body (cm²), and G is the shear modulus of elasticity of steel (7.854 × 10⁻⁶). 4 MPa.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S3, the rotary table and the drill pipe rotate around the same center. The torque-enhancing component and auxiliary ribs are located between the inner ring of the rotary table and the outer wall of the drill pipe. The rotary table is driven to rotate by the top drive equipment, thereby driving the drill pipe to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S4, the turntable stops and locks for 3 to 5 minutes.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention can also bring the following beneficial effects: This invention discloses a method for unsticking drill bits during horizontal well drilling by increasing drill string torque. The stuck position is calculated based on parameters during drill string lifting to obtain the depth of the stuck point. The maximum number of rotations the drill string can withstand is obtained based on the drill string's torsional resistance parameters and torsional resistance capacity. This provides data support for the control of top drive equipment and torque-enhancing equipment, thereby facilitating the rotary table to rotate to the appropriate number of rotations and generate suitable torque. This method has the advantages of simple operation, low operating cost, and no damage to the wellhead.

[0017] This invention discloses a method for unsticking drill pipe during horizontal well drilling by increasing drill string torque. By facilitating the rotational drive of the drill pipe, a torque-enhancing component increases the torque generated by the rotary table, allowing for further torque transmission to the stuck point. The rotary table also facilitates drill pipe control, making operation more convenient. After the torque is gradually transmitted to the stuck point and sustained for a period of time, the rotary table is opened to slowly release the torque, and the number of rotations is recorded. The unsticking effect is determined by the number of rotations. This process is repeated until the stuck point is completely unsticked. This method has the advantages of simple operation, good unsticking effect, and suitability for large-scale implementation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for unsticking a horizontal well by increasing drill string torque during drilling, according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the stuck drill position and the drill string position in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the drill bit assembly and the auxiliary rib in embodiment 1 of the present invention; 1. Drill pipe; 2. Auxiliary ribs; 3. Torque-enhancing assembly; 4. Rotary table. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this invention, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using other structures and / or functionalities besides one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0023] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. The drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0024] Furthermore, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the described aspects can be practiced without these specific details. Example 1

[0025] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a method for releasing stuck drill strings by increasing drill string torque during horizontal well drilling includes: S1. Calculate the stuck drill position based on the parameters when lifting the drill bit. In this embodiment, the stuck drill is located at the position of the centralizer at about 1400-1500m of the drilling rig, with a positive and negative error of 3-5 meters. S2. Calculate the overall torsional resistance data of the drill string based on the torsional resistance parameters, and determine the maximum number of rotations the drill string can withstand based on the torsional resistance capacity. In this embodiment, the maximum number of rotations is 24. S3. Use top drive equipment and torque-increasing equipment to increase the torque on the drill string so that it reaches or approaches the maximum number of rotations. S4. Stop the turntable and lock it, so that the torque is gradually transmitted to the jamming point for 4 minutes. S5. Then, within a time range of 15-45 seconds, open the turntable and slowly release the torque, recording the number of rotations. The number of rotations gradually decreases from the maximum number of 24 rotations to the range of 12-15 rotations to estimate the lower card release effect. S6. Repeat this process multiple times until the rotary table stops rotating and the drill bit cannot be moved. Then it is determined that the jam has been completely released.

[0026] The calculation formula for step S1 is:

[0027] In the formula, L is the length of drill pipe 1 above the jamming point, in meters (m); ∆L is the average elongation of the drill string during multiple lifts, in centimeters (cm); E is the elastic modulus of steel, E = 2.06 × 10⁵ MPa; F is the average static tensile force exceeding the original suspended weight of the drill string during continuous lifts, in kN; and Ap is the cross-sectional area of ​​drill pipe 1, in centimeters (cm²). 2 .

[0028] The calculation method for the maximum number of rotations is divided into a method that does not consider the axial tension of drill pipe 1 and a method that considers the axial tension of drill pipe 1. This embodiment adopts the calculation method that does not consider the axial tension of drill pipe 1.

[0029] The formula for calculating the maximum number of rotations without considering the axial tension of drill pipe 1 is:

[0030] In the formula, N is the allowable number of torsion turns, in turns; K is the torsion coefficient, in turns / m; H is the depth of the jamming point, in turns / m; σS is the yield strength of drill pipe 1 steel, in turns / MPa; G is the shear elastic modulus of steel, with a value of 7.854×104MPa; S is the safety factor, taken as 1.5; and dp is the outer diameter of drill pipe 1, in turns / cm.

[0031] The yield strength of common grade drill pipe steel is shown in the table below: Steel grade S-135 G-105 X-95 E-75 D-55 Yield strength (MPa) 930.79 723.95 655.00 517.11 379.21 In this invention, the drill pipe 1 is disposed inside the drill bit, and auxiliary ribs 2 are evenly distributed around the outer ring of the drill pipe 1. The torque amplification device includes a torque amplification component 3, which is also evenly distributed around the outer ring of the drill pipe 1. The torque amplification component 3 fills the portion between the drill pipe 1 and the inner ring of the rotary table 4, as well as between the auxiliary ribs 2 and the inner ring of the rotary table 4, and transmits torque to the drill pipe 1 through the torque amplification component 3. The rotary table 4 and the drill pipe 1 rotate around the same center. The torque amplification component 3 and the auxiliary ribs 2 are located between the inner ring of the rotary table 4 and the outer wall of the drill pipe 1. The rotary table 4 is driven to rotate by the top drive device, thereby driving the drill pipe 1 to rotate. Example 2

[0032] Unlike Example 1, step S2 uses a calculation method that considers the axial tension of the drill pipe, as shown in the following formula:

[0033] In the formula, N is the allowable number of torsional rotations of the drill pipe (in rotations), Qt is the allowable backlash torque of the drill pipe (N·m), J is the polar moment of inertia of the drill pipe (cm⁴), H is the depth of the jamming point (m), dp is the outer diameter of the drill pipe (cm), dpi is the inner diameter of the drill pipe (cm), σ is the minimum yield strength of the drill pipe (MPa), P is the buoyancy weight of the drill pipe (kN), Ap is the cross-sectional area of ​​the drill pipe body (cm²), and G is the shear modulus of elasticity of steel (7.854 × 10⁻⁶). 4 MPa.

[0034] In summary, this invention has the advantages of convenient operation, low economic cost, high transmission efficiency, good unblocking effect, low risk of damage to wellbore and fatigue fracture.

[0035] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for releasing stuck drill strings by increasing drill string torque during horizontal well drilling, characterized in that, include: S1. Calculate the stuck drill position based on the parameters during drill string lifting; S2. Calculate the overall torsional resistance data of the drill string based on the torsional resistance parameters, and determine the maximum number of rotations the drill string can withstand based on the torsional resistance capacity of the drill string. S3. Using the top drive equipment and torque-increasing equipment, increase the torque on the drill string to make it reach or approach the maximum number of rotations, stop the rotary table and lock it, so that the torque is gradually transmitted to the jamming point. S4. After a period of time, open the turntable to slowly release the torque, record the number of rotations, estimate the effect of the lower part of the card release, and repeat this process many times until the card is completely released. In step S3, the drill pipe is placed inside the drill tool, and the outer ring of the drill pipe is provided with auxiliary ribs evenly distributed around the drill pipe. The torque amplification equipment includes a torque amplification component and a rotary table. The torque amplification component is also evenly distributed around the outer ring of the drill pipe. The torque amplification component fills the part between the drill pipe and the inner ring of the rotary table, as well as the part between the auxiliary ribs and the inner ring of the rotary table, and transmits torque to the drill pipe through the torque amplification component.

2. The method for releasing stuck drill strings by increasing drill string torque during horizontal well drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation formula for step S1 is: ； In the formula, L is the length of the drill pipe above the jamming point, in meters (m); ∆L is the average elongation of the drill string during multiple lifts, in centimeters (cm); E is the elastic modulus of steel, E = 2.06 × 10⁵ MPa; F is the average static tensile force exceeding the original suspended weight of the drill string during continuous lifts, in kN; and Ap is the cross-sectional area of ​​the drill pipe, in centimeters (cm²). 2 .

3. The method for releasing stuck drill strings by increasing drill string torque during horizontal well drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation methods for the maximum number of rotations are divided into methods that do not consider the axial tension of the drill pipe and methods that do consider the axial tension of the drill pipe.

4. The method for releasing stuck drill strings by increasing drill string torque during horizontal well drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the maximum number of rotations without considering the axial tension of the drill pipe is as follows: ； In the formula, N is the allowable number of torsion turns, K is the torsion coefficient, H is the depth of the jamming point, σS is the yield strength of the drill pipe steel, G is the shear modulus of the steel, with a value of 7.854×104MPa; S is the safety factor, taken as 1.5; and dp is the outer diameter of the drill pipe, in cm.

5. The method for releasing stuck drill strings by increasing drill string torque during horizontal well drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the maximum number of rotations considering the axial tension of the drill pipe is as follows: ； In the formula, N is the allowable number of torsional rotations of the drill pipe (in rotations), Qt is the allowable backlash torque of the drill pipe (N·m), J is the polar moment of inertia of the drill pipe (cm⁴), H is the depth of the jamming point (m), dp is the outer diameter of the drill pipe (cm), dpi is the inner diameter of the drill pipe (cm), σ is the minimum yield strength of the drill pipe (MPa), P is the buoyancy weight of the drill pipe (kN), Ap is the cross-sectional area of ​​the drill pipe body (cm²), and G is the shear modulus of elasticity of steel (7.854 × 10⁻⁶). 4 MPa.

6. The method for releasing stuck drill strings by increasing drill string torque during horizontal well drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the rotary table and the drill pipe rotate around the same center. The torque-enhancing component and auxiliary ribs are located between the inner ring of the rotary table and the outer wall of the drill pipe. The rotary table is driven to rotate by the top drive equipment, thereby driving the drill pipe to rotate.

7. The method for releasing stuck drill strings by increasing drill string torque during horizontal well drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, the turntable stops and locks for 3 to 5 minutes.

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