Automobile engine multi-mode electric control system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile engine multi-mode electronic control system and a control method thereof, and particularly relates to the technical field of automobile engine multi-mode electronic control, the system comprises a sensor module, a mode switching module, an execution control module and a diagnosis module, the sensor module collects parameters such as rotating speed and air inlet pressure in real time; the mode switching module judges four working conditions of idling, cruising, accelerating and pressurizing based on threshold logic; the execution control module calls strategies such as PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) control and EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) rate calculation aiming at different modes to realize accurate adjustment of parameters such as throttle opening and boost pressure; the diagnosis module monitors faults of the sensor and the actuator in real time through voltage out-of-limit detection, position deviation comparison and temperature correlation analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of multi-mode electronic control technology for automobile engines, and more specifically, to a multi-mode electronic control system and control method for automobile engines. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of automotive engine electronic control technology, traditional single-mode control systems struggle to simultaneously address the demands of various operating conditions, such as idling stability, cruising economy, acceleration power, and high-load reliability. This leads to fuel waste, delayed power response, or mechanical overload risks in complex scenarios. For example, open-loop control at idle is susceptible to load fluctuations, resulting in unstable engine speed and increased fuel consumption; the lack of dynamic compensation mechanisms in cruise mode leads to significant speed errors; failure to adjust the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate in a timely manner during acceleration can cause torque response delays; and the absence of pressure limiting control during high-load boost can easily cause compressor overload or engine mechanical damage.

[0003] In addition, existing diagnostic systems mostly rely on single threshold detection and lack correlation analysis of the rationality of sensor data (such as logical verification of water temperature and intake air temperature), resulting in a high false alarm rate or delayed fault response, which affects system safety and maintenance efficiency.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, while existing technologies have proposed a multi-mode control approach, a complete solution encompassing operating condition identification, precise control, and multi-level diagnostics has not yet been established. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-mode electronic control system for automotive engines and its control method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-mode electronic control system for automobile engines and a control method thereof to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-mode electronic control system for an automotive engine, comprising: The sensor module is used to collect real-time engine parameters, including at least engine speed. Intake pressure Accelerator pedal position Coolant temperature ; The mode switching module is configured to determine the engine operating condition based on the real-time parameters and switch to idle mode, cruise mode, acceleration mode or boost mode. The execution control module is configured to invoke the corresponding control strategy based on different modes and output the throttle opening. EGR valve duty cycle and boost pressure Control signals; The diagnostic module is configured to perform real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of the status of sensors and actuators.

[0007] Preferably, the control strategy for the idle mode includes: When the engine is running and the speed is Below the idle speed threshold At that time, the throttle opening is controlled by closed-loop PID control. The control algorithm is as follows:

[0008] in, , , , These are the proportional, integral, and differential coefficients.

[0009] Preferably, the control strategy for the cruise mode includes: When the vehicle speed Stable and accelerator pedal position change rate Less than the threshold At this time, the cruise control algorithm is activated, and the control algorithm is as follows:

[0010] in, For the target vehicle speed, It is a control function that includes proportional, integral, and derivative elements.

[0011] Preferably, the control strategy for the acceleration mode includes: When the rate of change of accelerator pedal position Exceeding the threshold And engine speed Speed ​​below maximum torque At that time, calculate the maximum EGR rate:

[0012] in, To achieve the target fresh air flow rate, This represents the maximum permissible intake volume under current operating conditions.

[0013] Preferably, the control strategy for the boost mode includes: When engine load Exceeding the threshold At that time, calculate the target boost pressure:

[0014] in, This is the maximum boost pressure of the engine. This represents the maximum boost pressure of the compressor.

[0015] Preferably, the diagnostic module includes: Sensor short circuit diagnosis: When the sensor voltage... Greater than the upper limit threshold or less than the lower threshold When this occurs, the fault flag is triggered; Actuator jamming diagnosis: When the actual position of the actuator... With the target location The difference exceeds the allowable error At that time, it was determined to be a jamming fault.

[0016] Preferably, the sensor rationality diagnosis logic of the diagnostic module includes: When the water temperature With intake air temperature The absolute value of the difference exceeds the threshold. And duration Exceeding the set value The problem was determined to be a sensor malfunction. .

[0017] The control method of the multi-mode electronic control system for automobile engines described above includes the following steps: Real-time acquisition of parameters such as engine speed, intake pressure, and accelerator pedal position; Operating conditions are determined through a mode switching algorithm; Invoke the corresponding control algorithm based on the current mode and output an execution signal; Real-time monitoring of sensor and actuator status, and fault diagnosis based on threshold comparison and time accumulation logic.

[0018] Preferably, the mode switching algorithm formula is:

[0019] in, This indicates the permissible speed error threshold.

[0020] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. Idle mode uses PID closed-loop control to control speed fluctuations, thereby reducing fuel consumption; cruise mode uses PID algorithm to control and reduce vehicle speed error, improving fuel economy; acceleration mode shortens torque response time by reducing EGR rate; boost mode improves high-load power through safety limiting control, while reducing compressor overload risk.

[0021] 2. By using a sensor short-circuit diagnostic response time of <100ms, the accuracy of actuator jamming detection is improved. Combined with the correlation logic between water temperature and intake air temperature, the false alarm rate is reduced, ensuring the safe operation of the system.

[0022] This invention optimizes engine performance in scenarios such as idling, cruising, acceleration, and turbocharging through a multi-mode electronic control system and a condition-specific control strategy. At the same time, it ensures system safety and reliability through a multi-level diagnostic mechanism. Its core advantages lie in the accuracy of condition identification, the robustness of the control algorithm, and the timeliness of fault diagnosis, providing technical support for the efficient and safe operation of automobile engines. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the control method for the multi-mode electronic control system of an automobile engine according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The multi-mode electronic control system for an automotive engine provided by this invention includes: The sensor module is used to collect real-time engine parameters, including at least engine speed. Intake pressure Accelerator pedal position Coolant temperature ; The mode switching module is configured to determine the engine operating condition based on the real-time parameters and switch to idle mode, cruise mode, acceleration mode or boost mode. The execution control module is configured to invoke the corresponding control strategy based on different modes and output the throttle opening. EGR valve duty cycle and boost pressure Control signals; The diagnostic module is configured to perform real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of the status of sensors and actuators.

[0026] In practice, the rotational speed is collected via a CAN bus using a sensor module. Intake pressure Accelerator pedal position Coolant temperature The mode switching module enters the corresponding mode through threshold comparison and executes the control module to adjust the throttle opening by calling the PID controller to maintain stable speed. The diagnostic module detects the corresponding sensor values ​​in real time, determines the corresponding fault, and triggers a jamming alarm when the difference between the actual position and the target position of the EGR valve is greater than 15%. Thus, full working condition coverage is achieved through working condition identification, improving the balance between fuel efficiency and power performance. As the system's "sensing layer," the sensor module acquires the engine's real-time status through physical signal conversion, such as electromagnetic induction from a speed sensor and piezoelectric effect from a pressure sensor. This provides a data foundation for operating condition judgment and control strategies, enabling multi-parameter synchronous acquisition to ensure accurate operating condition identification, covering typical operating conditions such as idling, cruising, acceleration, and boost. CAN bus transmission ensures real-time data transmission, meeting the rapid response requirements of the electronic control system. Meanwhile, the mode switching module determines the current operating condition and switches to the corresponding mode through threshold comparison and logical judgment algorithms. Idle mode, when Triggered at time; Cruise control mode, when the vehicle speed deviates And throttle change rate Triggered at time; Acceleration mode, when the throttle change rate and Triggered at time; Boost mode, when engine load Triggered at any time.

[0027] The threshold logic-based finite state machine (FSM) model achieves discretized classification of operating conditions by comparing real-time parameters with preset thresholds, ensuring clear boundaries of each mode and explicit switching logic. This enables full coverage of operating conditions (idle → cruise → acceleration → boost), seamless switching without overlap, improved robustness of the control system, and low logic algorithm complexity, making it suitable for real-time computation of embedded controllers.

[0028] The control strategy for the idle speed mode includes: When the engine is running and the speed is Below the idle speed threshold At that time, the throttle opening is controlled by closed-loop PID control. The control algorithm is as follows:

[0029] in, , , , These are the proportional, integral, and differential coefficients.

[0030] In practical implementation, based on the speed deviation The negative feedback control eliminates steady-state error (integral element) and suppresses overshoot (derivative element) through PID regulation, thereby achieving dynamic balance of throttle opening, reducing idle speed fluctuations, and thus reducing idle fuel consumption.

[0031] The control strategy for the cruise mode includes: When the vehicle speed Stable and accelerator pedal position change rate Less than the threshold At this time, the cruise control algorithm is activated, and the control algorithm is as follows:

[0032] in, For the target vehicle speed, It is a control function that includes proportional, integral, and derivative elements.

[0033] In practice, the PID algorithm is used to dynamically compensate for vehicle speed deviation. The proportional element responds quickly to the deviation, the integral element eliminates steady-state error, and the derivative element suppresses speed fluctuations, maintaining the cruise speed error within 1 km / h. This significantly improves high-speed driving comfort and fuel economy, reduces the frequency of driver throttle operation, and reduces fatigue.

[0034] The control strategy for the acceleration mode includes: When the rate of change of accelerator pedal position Exceeding the threshold And engine speed Speed ​​below maximum torque When a rapid acceleration condition is detected, the maximum EGR rate is calculated to reduce exhaust gas recirculation. The maximum EGR rate is calculated as follows:

[0035] in, To achieve the target fresh air flow rate, This represents the maximum permissible intake volume under current operating conditions.

[0036] In practice, the torque needs to be increased quickly during acceleration. By reducing the EGR rate, the proportion of fresh air is increased, and the combustion efficiency is improved. At the same time, the power lag caused by insufficient intake air volume is avoided, which can shorten the torque response time and reduce the 0-100km / h acceleration time by about 0.8 seconds. This makes the air-fuel ratio control more precise and reduces emission fluctuations during acceleration.

[0037] The control strategy for the boost mode includes: When engine load Exceeding the threshold At that time, calculate the target boost pressure:

[0038] in, This is the maximum boost pressure of the engine. This represents the maximum boost pressure of the compressor.

[0039] In practice, under high-load conditions, turbocharging can increase the intake air volume to improve power, but it is necessary to take into account the mechanical strength of the engine and the performance boundaries of the compressor. Safety redundancy control is achieved by taking the minimum value function to prevent compressor overload, while ensuring the engine's intake air demand, improving power under high-load conditions, reducing the risk of compressor overload, and extending the life of the turbocharging system.

[0040] The diagnostic module includes: Sensor short circuit diagnosis: When the sensor voltage... Greater than the upper limit threshold or less than the lower threshold When this occurs, the fault flag is triggered; Actuator jamming diagnosis: When the actual position of the actuator... With the target location The difference exceeds the allowable error At that time, it was determined to be a jamming fault.

[0041] In practice, dual threshold diagnosis is used to directly trigger a fault when the sensor voltage exceeds the limit, with a response time of <100ms, ensuring system safety and supporting fault code storage (DTC) for easy problem location during after-sales maintenance. Actuators (such as throttle valves and EGR valves) need to operate precisely according to control signals. Excessive positional deviation indicates mechanical jamming or motor failure, requiring timely intervention to improve the accuracy of jamming fault detection and avoid power interruption or excessive emissions caused by actuator failure. Combined with limp mode (such as backup throttle valve control strategy), the system's fault tolerance can be improved.

[0042] The sensor rationality diagnosis logic of the diagnostic module includes: When the water temperature With intake air temperature The absolute value of the difference exceeds the threshold. And duration Exceeding the set value The problem was determined to be a sensor malfunction. .

[0043] In practice, under normal operating conditions, there is a reasonable correlation between water temperature and intake air temperature (e.g., the intake air temperature should be close to the water temperature after the coolant is preheated). Abnormal differences may be due to sensor calibration errors or environmental interference. Therefore, by using temperature difference and time accumulation logic, false alarms can be reduced, diagnostic accuracy can be improved, and global control deviations caused by drift of a single sensor can be avoided.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the control method for a multi-mode electronic control system for an automotive engine provided by the present invention includes the following steps: Real-time acquisition of parameters such as engine speed, intake pressure, and accelerator pedal position; Operating conditions are determined through a mode switching algorithm; Invoke the corresponding control algorithm based on the current mode and output an execution signal; Real-time monitoring of sensor and actuator status, and fault diagnosis based on threshold comparison and time accumulation logic.

[0045] The formula for the mode switching algorithm is:

[0046] in, This indicates the permissible speed error threshold.

[0047] This invention optimizes engine performance in scenarios such as idling, cruising, acceleration, and turbocharging through a multi-mode electronic control system and a condition-specific control strategy. At the same time, it ensures system safety and reliability through a multi-level diagnostic mechanism. Its core advantages lie in the accuracy of condition identification, the robustness of the control algorithm, and the timeliness of fault diagnosis, providing technical support for the efficient and safe operation of automobile engines.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-mode electronic control system for an automotive engine, characterized in that, include: The sensor module is used to collect real-time engine parameters, including at least engine speed. Intake pressure Accelerator pedal position Coolant temperature ; The mode switching module is configured to determine the engine operating condition based on the real-time parameters and switch to idle mode, cruise mode, acceleration mode or boost mode. The execution control module is configured to invoke the corresponding control strategy based on different modes and output the throttle opening. EGR valve duty cycle and boost pressure Control signals; The diagnostic module is configured to perform real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of the status of sensors and actuators.

2. The multi-mode electronic control system for an automotive engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control strategy for the idle speed mode includes: When the engine is running and the speed is Below the idle speed threshold At that time, the throttle opening is controlled by closed-loop PID control. The control algorithm is as follows: in, , , , These are the proportional, integral, and differential coefficients.

3. The multi-mode electronic control system for an automotive engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control strategy for the cruise mode includes: When the vehicle speed Stable and accelerator pedal position change rate Less than the threshold At this time, the cruise control algorithm is activated, and the control algorithm is as follows: in, For the target vehicle speed, It is a control function that includes proportional, integral, and derivative elements.

4. The multi-mode electronic control system for an automotive engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control strategy for the acceleration mode includes: When the rate of change of accelerator pedal position Exceeding the threshold And engine speed Speed ​​below maximum torque At that time, calculate the maximum EGR rate: in, To achieve the target fresh air flow rate, This represents the maximum permissible intake volume under current operating conditions.

5. The multi-mode electronic control system for an automotive engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control strategy for the boost mode includes: When engine load Exceeding the threshold At that time, calculate the target boost pressure: in, This is the maximum boost pressure of the engine. This represents the maximum boost pressure of the compressor.

6. The multi-mode electronic control system for an automotive engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diagnostic module includes: Sensor short circuit diagnosis: When the sensor voltage... Greater than the upper limit threshold or less than the lower threshold When this occurs, the fault flag is triggered; Actuator jamming diagnosis: When the actual position of the actuator... With the target location The difference exceeds the allowable error At that time, it was determined to be a jamming fault.

7. The multi-mode electronic control system for an automotive engine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sensor rationality diagnosis logic of the diagnostic module includes: When the water temperature With intake air temperature The absolute value of the difference exceeds the threshold. And duration Exceeding the set value The problem was determined to be a sensor malfunction. .

8. The control method for a multi-mode electronic control system for an automobile engine according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: Real-time acquisition of parameters such as engine speed, intake pressure, and accelerator pedal position; Operating conditions are determined through a mode switching algorithm; Invoke the corresponding control algorithm based on the current mode and output an execution signal; Real-time monitoring of sensor and actuator status, and fault diagnosis based on threshold comparison and time accumulation logic.

9. The multi-mode control method for an automobile engine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The formula for the mode switching algorithm is: in, This indicates the permissible speed error threshold.

Images