Offshore wind turbine and method of operation thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to an offshore wind turbine and a working method thereof. The offshore wind turbine comprises a machine body and a lightning arrester, the lightning arrester is located at the top of the machine body, locking and inserting devices are arranged on the machine body, the locking and inserting devices comprise a loading and unloading box body which is fixedly connected to the top of the machine body, redundancy lightning arrester assemblies are arranged on the loading and unloading box body, the redundancy lightning arrester assemblies comprise bent pipes, one end of each bent pipe is mounted on the loading and unloading box body, and the other end of each bent pipe is open and faces the machine body, rotating shafts are mounted on the loading and unloading box body, energy absorption and anti-shaking units are arranged on the rotating shafts, the energy absorption and anti-shaking units comprise rotating gears, the lightning arrester can be quickly mounted and dismounted on the top of the machine body, the dismounting process is not complicated, the maintenance efficiency of the lightning arrester is not reduced, the maintenance amount in the effective operation window period is improved, and the safety performance of the machine body during use is fully ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wind power generation technology, specifically an offshore wind turbine generator and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] Offshore wind turbines are the core power generation devices of offshore wind power, mainly composed of nacelles, blades, towers, supporting structures, and foundations. Their core function is to convert wind energy into electrical energy. During operation, because the nacelles and blades are tall and easily targeted by lightning, in order to avoid lightning strikes on critical equipment that could cause burnout, control system failures, or even safety accidents, lightning arresters must be installed on the top of the nacelles to safely discharge lightning through down conductors and grounding systems.

[0003] However, offshore wind turbines are exposed to harsh environments with high salt spray, high humidity, strong vibration, and strong winds for extended periods, making lightning arresters susceptible to damage and reducing their lightning protection performance, thus requiring regular maintenance. When maintenance personnel perform maintenance on the lightning arresters at the top of the nacelle, tools are usually required because they cannot be quickly installed and removed, resulting in low maintenance efficiency and reducing the amount of maintenance that can be completed within the effective working window. This problem, in turn, limits the operational reliability of wind turbines, making it difficult to fully guarantee their safety performance during use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an offshore wind turbine generator and its working method, which effectively solves the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an offshore wind turbine generator set, comprising a body and a lightning arrester; the lightning arrester is located on the top of the body; a locking insertion device is provided on the body for mounting and dismounting the lightning arrester on the top of the body; the locking insertion device includes a mounting and dismounting housing, which is fixedly connected to the top of the body; a redundant lightning arresting assembly is provided on the mounting and dismounting housing, which temporarily assumes the function of receiving lightning strikes during the mounting and dismounting of the lightning arrester, providing lightning protection for the body; the redundant lightning arresting assembly includes a bent pipe, one end of which is installed on the mounting and dismounting housing, and the other end of which opens towards the body; a rotating shaft is installed on the mounting and dismounting housing; an energy-absorbing anti-sway unit is provided on the rotating shaft, which is used to reduce the impact force generated by non-human external forces during the use of the lightning arrester; the energy-absorbing anti-sway unit includes a rotating gear connected to the rotating shaft; a drive gear is also connected to the end of the rotating shaft away from the mounting and dismounting housing.

[0006] Preferably, it includes a T-shaped base plate, which is fixedly installed on the side of the loading and unloading box away from the rotating shaft;

[0007] Guide arc rod; one end of the guide arc rod is mounted on the T-shaped base plate, and the other end is mounted with a guide limiting plate;

[0008] Guide L block; the guide arc rod is connected through the guide L block, and the two are slidably engaged;

[0009] An arc-shaped spring is sleeved on a guide arc rod; one end of the arc-shaped spring is fixedly connected to a guide limiting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to a guide L block;

[0010] An active U-shaped seat is installed on the side of the loading and unloading box away from the rotating shaft; a guide shaft is installed on the active U-shaped seat, which is coaxial with the center of the guide arc rod; the guide L-block is connected to the guide shaft; a pressing cross block is installed on the guide shaft.

[0011] Preferably, it includes a guide toothed ring, which is coaxial with the center of the guide shaft; the guide toothed ring is mounted on the guide L block;

[0012] A displacement screw is mounted on the loading and unloading box; a guide gear is mounted on the displacement screw, which meshes with a guide gear ring.

[0013] A displacement block is threadedly connected to a displacement screw; a displacement cylinder is fixedly connected to the loading and unloading box; the displacement cylinder is connected through the displacement block, and the two are slidably engaged; a locking plate is also installed on the displacement block; an active contact block is connected to the locking plate, and an actuating wheel is installed on the side of the block closest to the loading and unloading box.

[0014] Preferably, the device includes a rectangular frame with several toothed grooves inside; the rotating gear is located inside the rectangular frame and meshes with the toothed grooves; a driven contact block is installed on one side of the rectangular frame, located on the moving path of the active contact block; a positioning cylinder is installed on the rectangular frame; a positioning base is connected to the loading and unloading box; the positioning cylinder is connected through the positioning base, and the two are slidably engaged; a positioning spring is sleeved on the positioning cylinder, one end of which is fixedly connected to the rectangular frame and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the positioning base.

[0015] L-shaped racks; two L-shaped racks are located on both sides of the drive gear and are meshed together; an auxiliary cylinder is mounted on the L-shaped rack; an auxiliary base is mounted on the loading and unloading box, and the auxiliary cylinder is connected through the auxiliary base and the two are slidably engaged; an auxiliary spring is sleeved on the auxiliary cylinder, one end of which is fixedly connected to the L-shaped rack and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the auxiliary base.

[0016] Preferably, it includes two energy-absorbing horizontal plates, located on both sides of the lightning arrester near the bottom; bent square rods are connected to the energy-absorbing horizontal plates; the two bent square rods are respectively connected to two L-shaped racks; an energy-absorbing square tube is installed on the side of the energy-absorbing horizontal plate near the lightning arrester, and an energy-absorbing square column is slidably connected inside the tube; an energy-absorbing spring is provided inside the energy-absorbing square tube, one end of which is fixedly connected to the energy-absorbing square column, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner surface of the energy-absorbing square tube; an energy-absorbing block is installed on the end of the energy-absorbing square column away from the energy-absorbing spring, and a buffer pad is provided on the side of the block near the lightning arrester, which contacts the side of the lightning arrester.

[0017] Preferably, the locking cross plate has two symmetrical locking cylinders connected through it on the side near the loading / unloading container; the locking cylinders and the locking cross plate are in sliding fit; the two locking cylinders are connected to a linkage plate at the ends near the loading / unloading container; a locking spring is sleeved on the locking cylinder, one end of which is fixedly connected to the locking cross plate, and the other end is connected to a locking limit plate; the locking limit plate is fixedly connected to the end of the locking cylinder away from the linkage plate; a locking insert is fixedly installed on the side of the linkage plate near the loading / unloading container.

[0018] Preferably, it includes a loading and unloading trough, which is disposed on the top of the loading and unloading box; a pressure plate is slidably connected inside the loading and unloading trough;

[0019] A compression spring is installed inside the loading and unloading square groove; one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the loading and unloading square groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressure plate; a counterweight is installed on the lightning arrester, and a locking slot is provided on its side; the locking block passes through one side of the loading and unloading box and is connected to the locking slot; the counterweight fits into the loading and unloading square groove, and the two slide together; the top of the pressure plate is located on the moving path of the counterweight; signal contacts are provided on the opposite surfaces of the linkage plate and the loading and unloading box.

[0020] Preferably, it includes a limiting slide groove, which is disposed on the top of the loading and unloading box;

[0021] An opening and closing valve is installed on the top of the loading and unloading box and connected to a limiting slide groove; a matching limiting circular plate is slidably connected in the limiting slide groove.

[0022] A limiting spring is disposed within a limiting groove; one end of the limiting spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the limiting groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to a limiting circular plate; an auxiliary lightning arrester is installed on the side of the limiting circular plate away from the limiting spring; the limiting groove is connected to a bent pipe.

[0023] Preferably, it includes a driven U-shaped seat, which is fixedly connected to the loading and unloading box body on the side near the active contact block; a driving slide is fixedly connected inside the driven U-shaped seat;

[0024] A drive slider; a drive column is connected through the drive slider, and the two slide in cooperation; a drive spring is sleeved on the drive column, one end of which is fixedly connected to the driven U-shaped seat, and the other end is fixedly connected to the drive slider; a drive inclined block is installed on the drive slider; the inclined surface of the drive inclined block facing the active contact block is located at the moving path of the contact wheel; a drive cylinder is installed on the top of the drive inclined block, which slides in cooperation with the end of the bent pipe facing the machine body.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for operating an offshore wind turbine generator, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1. The lightning arrester is installed on the top of the machine body by a locking insertion device to protect the machine body from lightning strikes.

[0027] S2. Operational redundant lightning arrester assembly, used to temporarily take on the function of lightning arrester during the disassembly of lightning arrester, and temporarily provide lightning protection for the machine body;

[0028] S3. By controlling the energy-absorbing and anti-sway unit to further clamp the lightning arrester, the impact force generated by non-human external forces during its use can be reduced.

[0029] As can be seen from the above, the offshore wind turbine generator set provided by the present invention has the effect of quickly installing and removing the lightning arrester on the top of the generator set during maintenance, avoiding the need for tools, thereby improving the maintenance effect of the lightning arrester, avoiding the complexity of the disassembly process affecting or reducing the maintenance efficiency of the lightning arrester, further increasing the amount of maintenance that can be completed within the effective working window, avoiding affecting the operational reliability of the wind turbine generator, and ensuring its safety performance during use. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0031] In the attached diagram:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lightning arrester structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the limiting slide groove of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing block structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the driving cylindrical structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the energy-absorbing square tube of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is an exploded cross-sectional view of the counterweight block of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the trigger wheel structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the L-shaped rack structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This is an exploded cross-sectional view of the locking insert block of the present invention;

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Body; 2. Lightning arrester; 3. Loading / unloading box; 4. Bending pipe; 5. Rotating shaft; 6. Rotating gear; 7. Drive gear; 8. T-shaped base plate; 9. Guide arc rod; 10. Guide L-block; 11. Arc spring; 12. Active U-shaped seat; 13. Guide shaft; 14. Pressing cross block; 15. Guide gear ring; 16. Displacement screw; 17. Guide gear; 18. Displacement cross block; 19. Displacement cylinder; 20. Locking cross plate; 21. Active contact block; 22. Actuating wheel; 23. Rectangular frame; 24. Driven contact block; 25. Positioning cylinder; 26. Positioning base; 27. Positioning spring; 28. L-shaped rack; 29. ​​Auxiliary cylinder; 30. Auxiliary base 31. Auxiliary spring; 32. Energy-absorbing horizontal plate; 33. Bending square rod; 34. Energy-absorbing square tube; 35. Energy-absorbing square column; 36. Energy-absorbing spring; 37. Energy-absorbing square block; 38. Buffer pad; 39. Locking cylinder; 40. Linkage long plate; 41. Locking spring; 42. Locking insert; 43. Loading and unloading square groove; 44. Pressure square plate; 45. Compression spring; 46. Counterweight block; 47. Locking slot; 48. Signal contact piece; 49. Limiting slide groove; 50. Opening and closing valve; 51. Limiting round plate; 52. Limiting spring; 53. Auxiliary surge arrester; 54. Driven U-shaped seat; 55. Driveing ​​slide column; 56. Driveing ​​slider; 57. Driveing ​​spring; 58. Driveing ​​inclined block; 59. Driveing ​​cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Implementation examples, by Figures 1 to 10The present invention includes a body 1 and a lightning arrester 2; the lightning arrester 2 is located on the top of the body 1; the body 1 is provided with a locking insertion device, which is used to install and remove the lightning arrester 2 from the top of the body 1; the locking insertion device includes a loading and unloading box 3, which is fixedly connected to the top of the body 1.

[0045] The loading and unloading box 3 is equipped with a redundant lightning protection component, which is used to temporarily take on the function of lightning protection during the loading and unloading of the lightning arrester 2, and to provide lightning protection for the body 1; the loading and unloading box 3 is equipped with a rotating shaft 5; the rotating shaft 5 is equipped with an energy-absorbing and anti-sway unit, which is used to reduce the impact force generated by non-human external forces when the lightning arrester 2 is in use;

[0046] T-shaped base plate 8 is fixedly installed on the side of loading and unloading box 3 away from the rotating shaft 5;

[0047] Guide arc rod 9; one end of the guide arc rod 9 is mounted on the T-shaped base plate 8, and the other end is mounted with a guide limiting plate;

[0048] Guide L block 10; the guide arc rod 9 is connected through the guide L block 10, and the two are slidably engaged;

[0049] An arc-shaped spring 11 is sleeved on the guide arc rod 9; one end of the arc-shaped spring 11 is fixedly connected to the guide limiting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide L block 10;

[0050] An active U-shaped seat 12 is installed on the side of the loading and unloading box 3 away from the rotating shaft 5; a guide shaft 13 is installed on the active U-shaped seat 12, which is coaxial with the center of the guide arc rod 9; the guide L-block 10 is connected to the guide shaft 13; a pressing cross block 14 is installed on the guide shaft 13.

[0051] A guide toothed ring 15 is coaxial with the center of the guide shaft 13; the guide toothed ring 15 is mounted on the guide L block 10.

[0052] A displacement screw 16 is mounted on the loading and unloading box 3; a guide gear 17 is mounted on the displacement screw 16, which meshes with the guide gear ring 15.

[0053] A displacement block 18 is threadedly connected to a displacement screw 16; a displacement cylinder 19 is fixedly connected to the loading and unloading box 3; the displacement cylinder 19 is connected through the displacement block 18, and the two are slidably engaged; a locking plate 20 is also installed on the displacement block 18; an active contact block 21 is connected to the locking plate 20, and an actuating wheel 22 is installed on the side of the locking plate 20 near the loading and unloading box 3;

[0054] Two symmetrical locking cylinders 39 are connected through the side of the locking plate 20 near the loading / unloading box 3; the locking cylinders 39 and the locking plate 20 are in sliding fit; the two locking cylinders 39 are connected to a linkage plate 40 at the ends near the loading / unloading box 3; a locking spring 41 is sleeved on the locking cylinder 39, one end of which is fixedly connected to the locking plate 20, and the other end is connected to a locking limit plate; the locking limit plate is fixedly connected to the end of the locking cylinder 39 away from the linkage plate 40; a locking insert 42 is fixedly installed on the side of the linkage plate 40 near the loading / unloading box 3.

[0055] A loading and unloading square channel 43 is provided on the top of the loading and unloading box 3; a pressure plate 44 is slidably connected inside the loading and unloading square channel 43.

[0056] A compression spring 45 is disposed within the loading / unloading square groove 43; one end of the compression spring 45 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the loading / unloading square groove 43, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 44; a counterweight 46 is installed on the lightning arrester 2, and a locking slot 47 is provided on its side; a locking insert 42 passes through one side of the loading / unloading box 3 and is connected to the locking slot 47; the counterweight 46 fits into the loading / unloading square groove 43, and the two slide in cooperation; the top of the pressure plate 44 is located on the moving path of the counterweight 46; signal contacts 48 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the linkage plate 40 and the loading / unloading box 3;

[0057] When a wind turbine is in use, the tall nacelle and blades make it an easy target for direct lightning strikes. To prevent lightning strikes on critical equipment from causing burnout, control system malfunctions, or even safety accidents, a lightning arrester 2 on top of the turbine body 1 is used to protect the turbine and prevent damage to the turbine body 1 from affecting its operation. However, due to the harsh operating environment at sea for extended periods, the turbine needs regular maintenance, including removing and reinstalling the lightning arrester 2 on the turbine body 1 for maintenance or replacement. When installing the lightning arrester 2 after replacement or maintenance, the specific operating steps are as follows: the operator presses down on the horizontal block 14 by foot, causing the guide shaft 13 on it to rotate at the active U-shaped seat 12, thereby driving the guide shaft 13 to rotate. The guide L-block 10 is limited to rotating at the guide arc rod 9, so that the arc spring 11 is in a buffer state, causing the guide L-block 10 to drive the guide gear ring 15 to rotate. It is worth mentioning that the guide L-block 10 is limited to rotating at the guide arc rod 9 to prevent the guide shaft 13 from shaking during rotation, thus improving the stability of the guide gear ring 15 and the pressing cross block 14 during use. When the worker steps on the pressing cross block 14 to drive the guide gear ring 15 to rotate, it meshes with the guide gear 17 to rotate, causing the displacement screw 16 on it to rotate, so that the threaded displacement cross block 18 drives the locking plug 42 on it to move away from the loading and unloading box 3 and is no longer located in the loading and unloading square groove 43. At this time, the lightning arrester 2 needs to be installed in the loading and unloading box 3 on the machine body 1. The counterweight 46 on the 2nd aligns with the loading / unloading square groove 43 on the loading / unloading box 3 and moves downward, so that the counterweight 46 moves within the loading / unloading square groove 43 and contacts the pressure plate 44 inside it, so that the compression spring 45 is in a buffer state, avoiding the lightning arrester 2 from being damaged by impact due to excessive downward speed, and further improving the service life of the lightning arrester 2; when the counterweight 46 moves to the maximum position and stops moving, the locking slot 47 on the counterweight 46 moves to the moving path of the locking insert 42; at this time, by no longer pressing the horizontal block 14, the guide tooth ring 15 is reset and rotated by the reset of the arc spring 11, so that the displacement screw 16 is reset and rotated, so that the threaded displacement horizontal block 18 is in the displacement cylinder 19. The limiter moves, which in turn moves the locking plate 20, causing the locking block 42 on it to reset and move, passing through one side of the loading and unloading box 3 and connecting with the locking slot 47. This allows the counterweight block 46 on the lightning arrester 2 to be fixedly connected to the loading and unloading square groove 43 on the loading and unloading box 3, thus completing the fixed installation operation of the lightning arrester 2. It is worth mentioning that when the counterweight block 46 is fixed in the current position, the compression spring 45 in the buffer state cannot reset. The resulting elastic force acts on the pressure plate 44, which strengthens the contact strength and friction between the locking slot 47 and the locking block 42, preventing the lightning arrester 2 from being displaced or dislodged due to non-human factors during use, and improving the installation effect of the lightning arrester 2 by the unit.It is worth mentioning that by adding a weight block 46 to the lightning arrester 2, the weight of the lightning arrester 2 is increased, so as to avoid it being too light when used at high altitudes, which would lead to poor stability and reduce the effectiveness of the lightning arrester 2. This improves the effectiveness and stability of the lightning arrester 2.

[0058] When the unit needs to disassemble the lightning arrester 2 for replacement or maintenance, pressing the horizontal block 14 by foot causes the guide toothed ring 15 to rotate, which in turn causes the displacement screw 16 to rotate. This causes the threaded displacement horizontal block 18 to move the locking horizontal plate 20 away from the loading and unloading box 3. Under the action of the locking cylinder 39 and the locking spring 41, the locking horizontal plate 20 moves the linkage plate 40, causing the locking insert 42 on it to move away from the loading and unloading box 3. This disengages the locking insert 42 from the loading and unloading box 3 and removes it from the locking slot 47, thereby releasing the limiting setting on the counterweight 46. This resets the compression spring 45, which was originally in a buffer state, and moves the pressure plate 44 back to its original position, thus ejecting the counterweight 46 from the loading and unloading slot 43, completing the disassembly operation of the lightning arrester 2. This allows the unit to be maintained during maintenance. The installation and disassembly of the lightning arrester 2 are convenient and quick, and can be completed without any tools. It is worth mentioning that only one worker is needed to complete the installation and disassembly of the lightning arrester 2, avoiding the need for multiple workers to assist in the operation, which would complicate the installation and disassembly process and make maintenance difficult. This reduces the limitations of the unit during use. It allows workers to quickly install and disassemble the lightning arrester 2 when maintaining it on the top of the unit 1, without the need for tools. This improves the maintenance effect of the lightning arrester 2 and avoids the complexity of the disassembly process affecting or reducing the maintenance efficiency of the lightning arrester 2. This further increases the amount of maintenance that can be completed within the effective working window, avoids affecting the operational reliability of the wind turbine, and ensures its safety performance during use.

[0059] It is worth mentioning that when the crew installs the lightning arrester 2, after the locking block 42 contacts the locking slot 47, the linkage plate 40 on the locking block 42 contacts the loading and unloading box 3, causing the signal contact 48 on the opposite side of the loading and unloading box 3 and the linkage plate 40 to contact. The signal emitted by the contact is transmitted to the controller to remind and indicate that the installation of the lightning arrester 2 has been completed, avoiding improper installation from affecting the use of the lightning arrester 2. After the linkage plate 40 contacts the loading and unloading box 3, the displacement block 18 continues to move, causing the locking plate 20 on it to move at the locking cylinder 39, so that the locking spring 41 is in a buffer state, which strengthens the contact strength between the linkage plate 40 and the loading and unloading box 3, and prevents the locking block 42 on the linkage plate 40 from being dislodged due to non-human factors, thus affecting the use of the lightning arrester 2. This further improves the installation effect of the lightning arrester 2, and further enhances the performance of the lightning arrester 2 during use.

[0060] The redundant lightning protection assembly in this embodiment includes a bent pipe 4, one end of which is installed on the loading and unloading box 3, and the other end of which opens towards the body 1.

[0061] The limiting slide 49 is located on the top of the loading and unloading box 3;

[0062] An opening and closing valve 50 is installed on the top of the loading and unloading box 3 and connected to a limiting slide groove 49; a matching limiting circular plate 51 is slidably connected in the limiting slide groove 49.

[0063] A limiting spring 52 is disposed within a limiting groove 49; one end of the limiting spring 52 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the limiting groove 49, and the other end is fixedly connected to a limiting circular plate 51; an auxiliary lightning arrester 53 is installed on the side of the limiting circular plate 51 away from the limiting spring 52; the limiting groove 49 is connected to the bent pipe 4.

[0064] The driven U-shaped seat 54 is fixedly connected to the loading and unloading box 3 on the side near the active contact block 21; a drive slide 55 is fixedly connected inside the driven U-shaped seat 54;

[0065] A drive slider 56 is provided; a drive column 55 is connected through the drive slider 56 and the two slide in cooperation; a drive spring 57 is sleeved on the drive column 55, one end of which is fixedly connected to the driven U-shaped seat 54 and the other end is fixedly connected to the drive slider 56; a drive inclined block 58 is installed on the drive slider 56; the inclined surface of the drive inclined block 58 facing the active contact block 21 is located at the moving path of the contact wheel 22; a drive cylinder 59 is installed on the top of the drive inclined block 58, which slides in cooperation with the end of the bent pipe 4 facing the body 1;

[0066] When the displacement block 18 moves the locking plate 20 closer, it causes the active contact block 21 on it to move synchronously, which in turn causes the actuating wheel 22 on it to move closer to the driving inclined block 58. It is worth mentioning that when the linkage plate 40 contacts the side of the loading and unloading box 3, the locking insert 42 on the linkage plate 40 is connected to the locking slot 47, indicating the limit setting of the counterweight 46, which is used to complete the installation operation of the lightning arrester 2. At this time, the actuating wheel 22 on the active contact block 21 just contacts the inclined surface of the driving inclined block 58. When the linkage plate 40 contacts the loading and unloading box 3 and the displacement block 18 continues to move, the locking plate 20 on it moves through the active contact block 21 to drive the actuating wheel 22 to continue moving, and then it contacts the inclined surface of the driving inclined block 58, pressing against the driving inclined block 58, so that it moves through the driving slider 56 to the driving slide column 5. The five limit switches move downward, putting the drive spring 57 in a buffer state. This causes the drive cylinder 59 on the drive block 58 to move downward, so that it moves downward in the end of the bent pipe 4 facing the machine body 1. This allows the gas in the limit slide groove 49 to be drawn into the bent pipe 4, causing the limit spring 52, which was originally in a buffer state, to reset. This causes the limit plate 51 to reset and move, so that the auxiliary surge arrester 53 on it is retracted into the limit slide groove 49. When the auxiliary surge arrester 53 is retracted, the lightning arrester 2 is already fixedly connected to the machine body 1 and in use. At this time, the auxiliary surge arrester 53 does not need to continue to be used outside. Retracting it extends its service life. By closing the opening and closing valve 50, the limit slide groove 49 is closed, preventing the auxiliary surge arrester 53 from being exposed to the outside for a long time and causing excessive damage. This further improves the performance of the generator set.

[0067] When the unit needs to disassemble the lightning arrester 2 for replacement or maintenance, the guide gear ring 15 rotates, causing the displacement screw 16 to rotate. This causes the threaded displacement block 18 to move the locking plate 20. The locking plate 20 first moves to the upper limit of the locking cylinder 39, causing the locking spring 41 to gradually reset. However, the locking insert 42 has not yet moved. When the locking plate 20 moves while the locking spring 41 is gradually resetting, the contact wheel 22 on it moves away from the loading and unloading square groove 43 and no longer contacts the inclined surface at the drive inclined block 58. This causes the drive cylinder 59 to reset and move upward through the reset of the drive spring 57, limiting its movement within the bent pipe 4, allowing the gas inside to enter. The auxiliary surge arrester 53 is pushed out of the limiting groove 49 and pressed against the limiting circular plate 51, so that the limiting spring 52 is in a buffer state. This allows the auxiliary surge arrester 53 to be used externally, avoiding the lack of lightning protection space when disassembling the lightning arrester 2, which would result in a lightning protection vacuum period during the maintenance of the lightning arrester 2 and damage to the wind turbine generator when it is in use. This improves the performance of the unit during use and fully guarantees its safety performance during use. It can also temporarily take on the function of receiving lightning during the installation and removal of the lightning arrester 2, providing lightning protection for the turbine body 1 and further reducing the limitations of the unit during use.

[0068] The energy-absorbing and anti-sway unit of this embodiment includes a rotating gear 6, which is connected to a rotating shaft 5; the end of the rotating shaft 5 away from the loading and unloading box 3 is also connected to a drive gear 7;

[0069] A rectangular frame 23 has several toothed grooves inside; the rotating gear 6 is located inside the rectangular frame 23 and meshes with the toothed grooves; a driven contact block 24 is installed on one side of the rectangular frame 23, which is located on the moving path of the active contact block 21; a positioning cylinder 25 is installed on the rectangular frame 23; a positioning base 26 is connected to the loading and unloading box 3; the positioning cylinder 25 is connected through the positioning base 26, and the two are slidably engaged; a positioning spring 27 is sleeved on the positioning cylinder 25, one end of which is fixedly connected to the rectangular frame 23, and the other end is fixedly connected to the positioning base 26;

[0070] L-shaped racks 28; two L-shaped racks 28 are located on both sides of the drive gear 7 and are meshed together; an auxiliary cylinder 29 is mounted on the L-shaped racks 28; an auxiliary base 30 is mounted on the loading and unloading box 3, and the auxiliary cylinder 29 is connected through the auxiliary base 30 and the two are slidably engaged; an auxiliary spring 31 is sleeved on the auxiliary cylinder 29, one end of which is fixedly connected to the L-shaped rack 28 and the other end is fixedly connected to the auxiliary base 30;

[0071] Two energy-absorbing horizontal plates 32 are located on both sides of the lightning arrester 2 near the bottom. Bent square rods 33 are connected to the energy-absorbing horizontal plates 32. The two bent square rods 33 are respectively connected to two L-shaped racks 28. An energy-absorbing square tube 34 is installed on the side of the energy-absorbing horizontal plate 32 near the lightning arrester 2, and an energy-absorbing square column 35 is slidably connected inside it. An energy-absorbing spring 36 is provided inside the energy-absorbing square tube 34, one end of which is fixedly connected to the energy-absorbing square column 35, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the energy-absorbing square tube 34. An energy-absorbing block 37 is installed on the end of the energy-absorbing square column 35 away from the energy-absorbing spring 36, and a buffer pad 38 is provided on the side of the block near the lightning arrester 2, which contacts the side of the lightning arrester 2.

[0072] When the lightning arrester 2 is installed, with the locking spring 41 in a buffered state, the lightning arrester 2 has completed its movement. This causes the actuating wheel 22 on the active contact 21 to contact the inclined surface on the driving inclined block 58, thus causing the active contact 21 to contact the driven contact 24. The continuous buffering of the locking spring 41 causes the active contact 21 to continuously move closer to the loading / unloading housing 3, continuously pushing the driven contact 24. This causes the rectangular frame 23 on it to move at its upper limit on the positioning base 26 via the positioning cylinder 25, keeping the positioning spring 27 in a buffered state. Upon reset, this allows the rectangular frame 23 to move. It is worth noting that when the rectangular frame 23 is pushed by the active contact 21, several toothed meshing rotating gears 6 on the rectangular frame 23 rotate, causing the driving gear 7 to rotate. This causes the two meshing L-shaped racks 28 to move relative to each other, moving at their upper limit on the auxiliary base 30 via the auxiliary cylinder 29. This keeps the auxiliary spring 31 in a buffered state, allowing it to... The bending square rod 33 causes the two energy-absorbing horizontal plates 32 to move relative to each other. Under the action of the energy-absorbing square tube 34, energy-absorbing spring 36, and energy-absorbing square column 35, the energy-absorbing square block 37 moves closer to the lightning arrester 2. This relative movement of the two energy-absorbing square blocks 37 causes the buffer pad 38 on them to contact the side of the lightning arrester 2 near the bottom. This allows the two energy-absorbing square blocks 37 to further clamp the lightning arrester 2, further clamping it on the basis of installation, thereby improving the installation effect of the lightning arrester 2 and its performance in subsequent use. It is worth mentioning that the buffer performance provided by the buffer pad 38 and the energy-absorbing spring 36 can offset the impact force received by the lightning arrester 2 during use, preventing the lightning arrester 2 from having poor stability due to harsh environments. This further improves the stability of the lightning arrester 2 during use, preventing the bottom of the lightning arrester 2 from breaking due to impact force during use, and improving the reliability and safety of the unit operation.

[0073] The present invention also provides a method for operating an offshore wind turbine generator, comprising the following steps:

[0074] S1. Lightning arrester 2 is installed on the top of the body 1 by a locking insertion device and is used to protect the body 1 from lightning strikes.

[0075] S2. Operation of redundant lightning arrester components, used to temporarily assume the function of lightning arrester during the disassembly of lightning arrester 2, and temporarily provide lightning protection for the body 1.

[0076] S3. By controlling the energy-absorbing and anti-sway unit to further clamp the lightning arrester 2, the impact force generated by non-human external forces during its use can be reduced.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0078] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An offshore wind turbine generator set, comprising a fuselage and a lightning arrester; wherein the lightning arrester is located on the top of the fuselage; characterized in that: The machine body is equipped with a locking insertion device for attaching and detaching the lightning arrester to the top of the machine body. The locking insertion device includes a loading / unloading housing fixedly connected to the top of the machine body. The loading / unloading housing is equipped with a redundant lightning protection assembly, which temporarily acts as a lightning conductor during the loading / unloading of the lightning arrester, providing lightning protection for the machine body. The redundant lightning protection assembly includes a bent pipe, one end of which is installed on the loading / unloading housing, and the other end opens towards the machine body. A rotating shaft is installed on the loading / unloading housing. An energy-absorbing and anti-sway unit is installed on the rotating shaft, which reduces the impact force generated by non-human external forces during the use of the lightning arrester. The energy-absorbing and anti-sway unit includes a rotating gear connected to the rotating shaft. A drive gear is also connected to the end of the rotating shaft away from the loading / unloading housing. The T-shaped base plate is fixedly installed on the side of the loading and unloading box away from the rotating shaft; Guide arc rod; one end of the guide arc rod is mounted on the T-shaped base plate, and the other end is mounted with a guide limiting plate; Guide L block; the guide arc rod is connected through the guide L block, and the two are slidably engaged; An arc-shaped spring is sleeved on a guide arc rod; one end of the arc-shaped spring is fixedly connected to a guide limiting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to a guide L block; An active U-shaped seat is installed on the side of the loading and unloading box away from the rotating shaft; a guide shaft is installed on the active U-shaped seat, which is coaxial with the center of the guide arc rod; the guide L-block is connected to the guide shaft; a pressing cross block is installed on the guide shaft; A guide gear ring, which is coaxial with the center of the guide shaft; the guide gear ring is mounted on the guide L block; A displacement screw is mounted on the loading and unloading box; a guide gear is mounted on the displacement screw, which meshes with a guide gear ring. A displacement block is threadedly connected to a displacement screw; a displacement cylinder is fixedly connected to the loading and unloading box; the displacement cylinder is connected through the displacement block, and the two are slidably engaged; a locking plate is also installed on the displacement block; an active contact block is connected to the locking plate, and an actuating wheel is installed on the side of the loading and unloading box. Two symmetrical locking cylinders are connected through the side of the locking plate near the loading / unloading container; the locking cylinders and the locking plate are slidably fitted; the two locking cylinders are connected to a linkage plate at the ends near the loading / unloading container; a locking spring is fitted on the locking cylinder, one end of which is fixedly connected to the locking plate, and the other end is connected to a locking limit plate; the locking limit plate is fixedly connected to the end of the locking cylinder away from the linkage plate; a locking insert is fixedly installed on the side of the linkage plate near the loading / unloading container. The limiting slide is located on the top of the loading and unloading container; An opening and closing valve is installed on the top of the loading and unloading box and connected to a limiting slide groove; a matching limiting circular plate is slidably connected in the limiting slide groove. A limiting spring is disposed within a limiting groove; one end of the limiting spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the limiting groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to a limiting circular plate; an auxiliary lightning arrester is installed on the side of the limiting circular plate away from the limiting spring; the limiting groove is connected to a bent pipe.

2. The offshore wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device includes a rectangular frame with several toothed grooves inside; a rotating gear is located inside the rectangular frame and meshes with the toothed grooves; a driven contact block is installed on one side of the rectangular frame, located on the moving path of the active contact block; a positioning cylinder is installed on the rectangular frame; a positioning base is connected to the loading and unloading box; the positioning cylinder is connected through the positioning base, and the two are slidably engaged; a positioning spring is sleeved on the positioning cylinder, with one end fixedly connected to the rectangular frame and the other end fixedly connected to the positioning base. L-shaped racks; two L-shaped racks are located on both sides of the drive gear and are meshed together; an auxiliary cylinder is mounted on the L-shaped rack; an auxiliary base is mounted on the loading and unloading box, and the auxiliary cylinder is connected through the auxiliary base and the two are slidably engaged; an auxiliary spring is sleeved on the auxiliary cylinder, one end of which is fixedly connected to the L-shaped rack and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the auxiliary base.

3. The offshore wind turbine generator set according to claim 2, characterized in that: It includes two energy-absorbing horizontal plates, located on both sides of the lightning arrester near the bottom; bent square rods are connected to the energy-absorbing horizontal plates; the two bent square rods are respectively connected to two L-shaped racks; an energy-absorbing square tube is installed on the side of the energy-absorbing horizontal plate near the lightning arrester, and an energy-absorbing square column is slidably connected inside the tube; an energy-absorbing spring is installed inside the energy-absorbing square tube, one end of which is fixedly connected to the energy-absorbing square column, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner surface of the energy-absorbing square tube; an energy-absorbing block is installed on the end of the energy-absorbing square column away from the energy-absorbing spring, and a buffer pad is provided on the side of the block near the lightning arrester, which contacts the side of the lightning arrester.

4. The offshore wind turbine generator set according to claim 3, characterized in that: It includes a loading and unloading trough, which is disposed on the top of the loading and unloading box; a pressure plate is slidably connected inside the loading and unloading trough; A compression spring is installed inside the loading and unloading square groove; one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the loading and unloading square groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressure plate; a counterweight is installed on the lightning arrester, and a locking slot is provided on its side; the locking block passes through one side of the loading and unloading box and is connected to the locking slot; the counterweight fits into the loading and unloading square groove, and the two slide together; the top of the pressure plate is located on the moving path of the counterweight; signal contacts are provided on the opposite surfaces of the linkage plate and the loading and unloading box.

5. The offshore wind turbine generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that: Includes a driven U-shaped base, which is fixedly connected to the loading and unloading box body near the active contact block; a drive slide is fixedly connected inside the driven U-shaped base; A drive slider; a drive column is connected through the drive slider, and the two slide in cooperation; a drive spring is sleeved on the drive column, one end of which is fixedly connected to the driven U-shaped seat, and the other end is fixedly connected to the drive slider; a drive inclined block is installed on the drive slider; the inclined surface of the drive inclined block facing the active contact block is located at the moving path of the contact wheel; a drive cylinder is installed on the top of the drive inclined block, which slides in cooperation with the end of the bent pipe facing the machine body.

6. A method for operating an offshore wind turbine generator set, using the offshore wind turbine generator set as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. The lightning arrester is installed on the top of the machine body by a locking insertion device to protect the machine body from lightning strikes. S2. Operational redundant lightning arrester assembly, used to temporarily take on the function of lightning arrester during the disassembly of lightning arrester, and temporarily provide lightning protection for the machine body; S3. By controlling the energy-absorbing and anti-sway unit to further clamp the lightning arrester, the impact force generated by non-human external forces during its use can be reduced.

Images